Geothermal Power Plant

GEOTHERMAL
POWER PLANT
AGUSTIN AMI CABIGTING VIRAY
CONTENT
⊡ Background
⊡ Types of Geothermal Power plant
⊡ Equipment and Process Flow
⊡ Advantages and Disadvantages
⊡ Conclusion and Recommendation
2
1
Background
Geothermal Energy
&
Geothermal Power Plant
3
BACKGROUND
❏ It is the thermal energy stored in the Earth

❏ It is a clean, sustainable, and renewable energy source that has varying potential
❏ Can usually be found a few miles below the Earth’s surface (can be 3-5 miles or even shallower)
❏ Shallow ground of up to 10 feet can also have areas where steam heated from magma streams are
present, which can be used by simple applications of temperature control for buildings
4
BACKGROUND
SOURCES
★ Magma
Is able to produce “supercritical water” when water is mixed

with molten rock which is around 427 °C, which carries more
energy compared to conventional geothermal steam.
★ Underground Hot Springs
By drilling from the surface to the water, steam is directed to

turbines to generate electricity
★ Shallow Ground
Ground around 10 feet from the surface of the earth, similar to a

cave maintains constant temperature around 10-16 °C and is
warmer than the air during winter and colder during summer.
5
BACKGROUND
- Geothermal power plants are used in order to generate

electricity by the use of geothermal energy (the Earth's
internal thermal energy).
- They essentially work the same as a coal or nuclear
power plant, the main difference being the heat
source.
- Geothermal power plants require high-temperature
(300°F to 700°F) hydrothermal resources that come
from either dry steam wells or from hot water wells.
6
GEOTHERMAL HOTSPOTS
7 Retrieved from https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40517-017-0084-x

Salazar, S. et al (2017) Analysis of geothermal energy as an alternative source for electricity in Colombia.
Philippines is the third
largest producer of
Geothermal energy in
the World.
8
GEOTHERMAL POWER PLANT
9
Richter, A. (2019). The Top 10 Geothermal Countries 2018. Retrieved from http://www.thinkgeoenergy.com/the-top-10-geothermal-countries-2018-based-on-installed-generation-capacity-mwe/
Philippine Setting
https://www.doe.gov.ph/geothermal-statistics 10
OPERATIONAL POWER PLANT
Station Capacity (MW) Commissioned
Bacman 1 & 2 Geothermal Power Station 120 1993
Malitbog Geothermal Power Station 20 1995
Upper Mahiao Geothermal Power Station 125 1996
Mahanagdong Geothermal Power Station 180 1997
Leyte Optimization Geothermal Power 50.9 1997

Station
Tongonan Geothermal Power Plant 112.5 1982
Mindanao 1 & 2 Geothermal Power Plant 52 & 54 1997 & 1999
Palinpinon 1 & 2 Geothermal Power Plant 112.5 & 60 1983-1995
Nasulo Geothermal Power Plant 49.4 2015
Tiwi Geothermal Power Plant 275 1979
Maibarara Geothermal Power Plant 20 2014
Makiling-Banahaw Geothermal Power Plant 480 1979-1996
11
Power report
2018 Installed and Dependable Capacity, MW
2018 Philippine Electricity Demand-Supply Snapshot. Department of Energy 12

Power report
Renewable energy


2
Types of Geothermal Powerplant
15
TYPES
DRY STEAM FLASH STEAM BINARY CYCLE
Least common Most common Two liquids are used

Steam directly from Hot water from the - heat causes the
reservoir is used to reservoir rises and second liquid to
drive the turbine be converted to turn to steam
steam
16
DRY STEAM CYCLE
The oldest type of Geothermal power

plant, the Dry Steam power plant
utilizes geothermal steam reservoirs.
These reservoirs are rare compared
to water reservoirs which are
utilized by Flash Steam cycles.
Steam extracted is at least 150℃
17
FLASH STEAM CYCLE
The most common type of

geothermal power plant, this type
pumps high pressure and high
temperature water which is then
vaporized by being diffused into a
flash tank. The resultant steam is
then used to generate electricity.
18
BINARY CYCLE
The Binary Cycle is a type of geothermal

power plant which can utilize reservoirs
with water temperatures lower than
boiling point.
This cycle makes up for its lack of

efficiency (around 10-13%) by allowing
use of low temperature reservoirs
without the need to heat the liquid from
other means.
19
3
Equipment and Process Flow

20
Process Flow
21
PROCESS FLOW
Production Well - used to lead hot water/steam from the

reservoirs into the power plant
Rock Catchers - are put in place to make sure that only hot fluid is
sent to the turbine
Steam Turbine - extracts energy from the steam
Injection Well - is used to return the water that has been drawn
up back to the geothermal reservoir where it regains energy
22
4
Advantages and Disadvantages

23
Advantages Disadvantages
⊡ Can be extracted without ⊡ Location specific
burning a fossil fuel such as ⊡ Release of hydrogen sulfide
coal, gas, or oil ⊡ Disposal of some geothermal
⊡ Renewable source fluids
⊡ Accessibility
⊡ Environment friendly
24
5
Conclusion and Recommendation

25
CONCLUSION
With the modern day problems involving scarcity of fossil fuels and its
negative impact on the environment, Geothermal energy arises as a great
source of energy due to its ease of extraction and non-detrimental
environmental impact.
Although the Philippines is already the 3rd largest country in terms of
geothermal energy production, there are a lot of problems that the country
faces brought by the lack of ethics of government officials such as
irresponsible cost cutting and irresponsible waste management which would
be a big problem especially with the disposal of waste fluids and the
management of the release of hydrogen sulfide of geothermal plants. We
recommend that the standards of safety be properly implemented and
officials to have more accountability with geothermal plants.
26
LET’S PLAY A GAME!
What is the result of constant

geothermal energy activity?
a.) Global Warming

b.) Earth Pollution
c.) Geothermal hotspots
d.) Stress of human beings
28
What is the average temperature of a

shallow ground?
a.) 16-20 °C
b.) 10-16 °C
c.) 5-10 °C
d.) 20-27 °C
29
_____________ is the ﬁfth largest producer

of Geothermal energy in the World.
a.) New Zealand

b.) U.S.
c.) Philippines
d.) Japan
30
Which of the following is the most

common type of geothermal powerplant?
a.) Flash Steam

b.) Binary
c.) Dry Steam
d.) wasn’t discussed
31
How does the binary cycle makes up for its

lack of efﬁciency (around 10-13%)?
a.) by allowing use of high temperature reservoirs with the need to

heat the liquid from other means.
b.) by allowing use of high temperature reservoirs without the need
to heat the liquid from other means.
c.) by allowing use of low temperature reservoirs with the need to
d.) by allowing use of low temperature reservoirs without the need to
32
VIDEO
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mCRDf7QxjDk
REFERENCES
⊡ https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40517-017-0084-x
⊡ https://www.nationalgeographic.com/environment/global-warming/geothermal-energy/
⊡ https://gaadsviews.com/2019/02/17/from-second-to-third-how-ph-dropped-to-3rd-place-in-geothermal-power
-production/
⊡ https://energyeducation.ca/encyclopedia/Geothermal_power_plants
⊡ http://www.eniscuola.net/en/mediateca/diagram-of-a-geothermal-power-plant/
⊡ https://www.quora.com/What-are-the-main-parts-of-a-geothermal-power-plant-and-their-functions
34

Geothermal Power Plant

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Geothermal Power Plant

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Geothermal Power Plant

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

GEOTHERMAL

❏ It is the thermal energy stored in the Earth

Is able to produce “supercritical water” when water is mixed

★ Underground Hot Springs

By drilling from the surface to the water, steam is directed to

Ground around 10 feet from the surface of the earth, similar to a

- Geothermal power plants are used in order to generate

7 Retrieved from https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40517-017-0084-x

Bacman 1 & 2 Geothermal Power Station 120 1993

Malitbog Geothermal Power Station 20 1995

Upper Mahiao Geothermal Power Station 125 1996

Mahanagdong Geothermal Power Station 180 1997

Leyte Optimization Geothermal Power 50.9 1997

Tongonan Geothermal Power Plant 112.5 1982

Mindanao 1 & 2 Geothermal Power Plant 52 & 54 1997 & 1999

Palinpinon 1 & 2 Geothermal Power Plant 112.5 & 60 1983-1995

Nasulo Geothermal Power Plant 49.4 2015

Tiwi Geothermal Power Plant 275 1979

Maibarara Geothermal Power Plant 20 2014

Makiling-Banahaw Geothermal Power Plant 480 1979-1996

2018 Installed and Dependable Capacity, MW

2018 Philippine Electricity Demand-Supply Snapshot. Department of Energy 12

2018 Philippine Electricity Demand-Supply Snapshot. Department of Energy 13

2018 Philippine Electricity Demand-Supply Snapshot. Department of Energy 14

Types of Geothermal Powerplant

DRY STEAM FLASH STEAM BINARY CYCLE

Least common Most common Two liquids are used

The oldest type of Geothermal power

Steam extracted is at least 150℃

The most common type of

The Binary Cycle is a type of geothermal

This cycle makes up for its lack of

Equipment and Process Flow

Production Well - used to lead hot water/steam from the

Steam Turbine - extracts energy from the steam

Advantages and Disadvantages

Conclusion and Recommendation

What is the result of constant

a.) Global Warming

What is the average temperature of a

_____________ is the ﬁfth largest producer

a.) New Zealand

Which of the following is the most

a.) Flash Steam

How does the binary cycle makes up for its

a.) by allowing use of high temperature reservoirs with the need to

You might also like