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he first hint that there is something unusual about

the new outdoor swimming pool at Borden Park in


Edmonton, Alberta, is what isn�t there�that insidious
but telltale odor of chlorine. This is because the 64,000�
square�foot recreational complex, which includes a sandy
beach, changing rooms, and plenty of space to soak up
the sun, is Canada�s first �natural� public swimming
facility. Instead of using chlorine or other chemicals for disinfection, it
relies on the cleansing capabilities of sand, gravel, and carefully select�
ed aquatic plants and organisms.
And the architecture provides its own subtle clues that something
is different here. Natural materials are combined with a minimalist
expression and inventive details to give the Borden Park Natural
Swimming Pool a refined toughness not normally associated with a
neighborhood swimming hole.
Designed by gh3 architecture, a Toronto firm whose practice encom�
passes both landscape and buildings at a range of scales and types, the
$11 million project comprises two concrete pools that at first glance
seem mostly conventional: a small, shallow one for toddlers, and a
much larger, deeper one for older children and adults. Both are rectan�
gular, with white bottoms and sides. But they are part of a planar
landscape. Regardless of the depth, the water�s surface is flush with
the deck all along the pools� concrete perimeter, which in turn is level
with the expanses of sand and other areas finished in wood plank.
This plinth�like zone is defined by gabion walls of local limestone
that enclose a long, low�slung building along the site�s eastern edge
housing reception, staff areas, and a snack bar, along with the chang�
ing rooms. The porosity of the stone walls�mortarless and held
together by metal cages�is a reference to the filtration process that
purifies the water, says Pat Hanson, a gh3 partner. Although the con�
T
struction method was famously used at Herzog & de Meuron�s late�
1990s Dominus Winery, in California�s Napa Valley, it is most common�
ly used for retaining walls and other civil engineering applications,
rather than buildings. Here in Edmonton, the permeable gabion walls
seem especially appropriate for a seasonal pavilion, one without a
mechanical heating or cooling system, Hanson points out. Not only do
they facilitate natural ventilation, but the thermal mass provided by
their 3�foot depth helps moderate temperatures within the building
and just outside it, on the pool deck.
To accentuate the walls� heft and materiality, the gh3 team has
deployed a number of visual sleights of hand. Within the stacked lime�
stone, the architects have concealed the true vertical support system of
hollow�section steel columns, allowing the enclosure to read as weight�
bearing. They extended the door and windows the full height of the
stone�filled 12�foot�tall cages (nearly 3 feet above the interior�s ceiling),
framed them in steel plate, and pushed the glass far into the openings.
The assembly is topped with a caplike parapet, only 4 inches high,
belying the roof�s actual thickness. This set of decisions produces a
quiet, crisp�edged structure punctuated with deep shadows. �The
details highlight the elemental, rectangular form,� says Hanson.
The idea for a chemical�free pool in Edmonton came from residents
of the neighborhoods surrounding the 54�acre Borden Park, located 2.5
miles northeast of downtown and known for its meandering paths and
mature shade trees. Aware of the natural�pool movement�which first
gained traction in Austria in the 1980s and later spread to Germany
and elsewhere in Europe�they wanted to replace the park�s rundown,
1950s�era pool with an unchlorinated one.
gh3, which has completed several projects in Edmonton as part of
the city�s design�excellence program, turned to Polyplan, natural�pool
specialists based in Germany, for help devising the treatment and

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