Relationship Between Plastic Waste and Soil Pollution Along With Waste Management in Malang
Relationship Between Plastic Waste and Soil Pollution Along With Waste Management in Malang
Relationship Between Plastic Waste and Soil Pollution Along With Waste Management in Malang
IN MALANG
By :
1.1 Background
Some pollutants are natural material that either get in the wrong place or
become too concetrated in some places. Consider soil as an example. Soil can
become a pollutant by getting into water or air. Soil is also a part of the
environment that receive pollutans. Soil can depollute some materials by
decomposing them into harmless and products such as carbon dioxide and
water. Useful plant nutrients are often released by decomposition of pollutans.
But, there are some materials that are difficult or impossible to decompose.
Accumulation of such materials can pollute the soil (Loius & Frederick,
1979).
One of the causes of soil pollution is waste. Waste that is not properly
treated or even piling up the soil and even the dust in the soil can reduce the
soil fertility.
Indonesia, the world's second biggest contributor to plastic waste, is in a
state of emergency with regard to waste problems. Its decaying trash disposal
sites are struggling to cope with tens of millions of tons of waste every year (
Jong, 2015). The World Bank estimates that each of Indonesia’s 250 million
inhabitants is responsible for between 0.8 and 1kg of plastic waste per annum.
Indonesia’s commitment is part of the UN’s new clean seas campaign,
which aims to tackle consumer plastics through a range of actions – from
cutting down on single use plastics such as shopping bags and coffee cups to
pressuring firms to cut down on plastic packaging. But Indonesia’s target of a
70% reduction by 2025 is ambitious. Across the country’s 17,000 islands
there is poor public understanding of the problems created by plastic waste (
Langenheim, 2017 ).
Plastic pollution is just one of the threats to these ecosystems services, but
it’s a serious one. A recent study suggests that by 2050, there could be more
plastic than biomass in the world’s oceans ( Langenheim, 2017 ). Plastics
have entered the marine food chain and are already reaching our dinner
plates.
The research said that solid waste management practices. The main
categories of waste generated in households are fixed food (38%) and plastics
(37%). So plastic waste is a serious problem that must be addressed (Trasias
et. al, 2016)
Malang is one of the big cities in Indonesia in which its number of citizens
is growing every year and the amount of waste which is also increasing.
Regional growth and development in Malang give significant impact on
several development aspects including the environment. Population activities
and consumptions in urban and rural area have influence on waste increase.
The solid waste from households becomes problems of the community and
government. The increasing volume of the garbage was not balance with the
waste management program.
According to data published in the daily online newspaper Antara News,
the volume of domestic waste especially in Malang, during Ramadhan 2016
increased from ordinary days that average reached 600 tons to 680 tons per
day due to the popularity of takjil market in some points (Tri Ratomo, 2016).
According to daily newspaper online Surya Malang on 22 january 2018 ago,
Malang city government has promoted CCTV in road, bridge, market, and
other crowded place. But in fact all of this is not effective because of the lack
of human resources to monitor CCTV (Surya Malang, 2018).
1.2 Problem Formulation
Based on the background, the problems discussed can be formulated as
follows.
1. What are the impacts of waste problem in Malang?
2. How is proper solid waste management in Malang?
3. How is prevention of waste problem in Malang?
2. Soil contamination
Soil contamination is caused by the presence of man-made
chemicals, the softness of the ground, having smelly soil vapor and other
alteration in the natural soil environment. This type of contamination
typically arises from the leaching of wastes from landfills or incorrect
disposal of industrial wastes to the soil. The most common chemicals
involved are petroleum hydrocarbons, solvents, pesticides, lead and other
heavy metals (UKessays, 2017).
3. Air pollution
The open burning of waste causes air pollution or greenhouse
effect. For example burning of rubber and plastic.Landfill gas (which is
produced by the decomposition of wastes) which can be explosive and
may harm people around on it if it is allowed to accumulate in confined
spaces (such as the cellars of buildings). Methane gas (one of the main
components of landfill gas) is much more effective than carbon dioxide as a
greenhouse gas, leading to climate change that may effect of destruction of
atmosphere of the earth or abnormality of weather condition (UKessays,
2017).
4. Composting
5. Plasma Gasification
1. Resource Efficience
Resource efficiency is the proactive process of preventing spent materials
from entering air, land, or water. With this “up- stream” approach, we can
reduce or eliminate waste at the source and reduce the demand on natural.
2. Producer Responsibility
Producer responsibility exists for several products (packaging, waste
paper, cars, tyres, batteries and electrical and electronic products). The
purpose of producer responsibility is to reduce the quantity of waste,
increase recycling and achieve more environmentally sound product
development. All producer in Malang must be able to control the goods
produced and also the waste generated in the process of producing.
3. Prohibition of Landfilling Combustible and Organic Waste
Landfilling combustible often occurs not only in Malang, but also in other
cities. The purpose of these bonds is to improve the conservation of
resources and reduce environmental impact. The purpose of these bans is
to improve the conservation of resources and reduce environmental
impact. Certain types of waste should be landfilled for various reasons, for
example because the substances contained in the waste should not be
dispersed or because recycling is not possible in practice.
METHODS
The type of research we use is correlational research. We took data from the
growth of corn seeds on both soil samples. The soil samples we use are fertile
soils for comparison and contaminated soil by garbage taken from landfills.
Results from each sample, we combine.
Time :
3.3 Instrument
The research was conducted in February 2018 in Malang City, East Java
Province with case study method to the problem of soil pollution caused by waste.
The pollution of soil around the landfill is unusual, even the usual problem, but it
is something we want to know. We want to know the quality of the land around
the landfill, especially from the soil fertility aspect. Soil fertility around the
landfill will be compared to the soil in the potted plants with the indicator is the
growth of the corn seeds that we will plant on both soil samples.We took soil
samples from potted plants and soil from the landfill area. Both of soil samples
will be planted with corn seeds, then we will observe and compare the growth of
corn seeds in both samples. The growth of corn seeds in both of samples will be
our data to see the development of each of these corn seeds.
3.2.Research hypothesis
Based on our research, we have hypothesized that corn grown on soil from
potted plants will flourish and on soil from landfills will not grow because the soil
is contaminated. If the corn seeds planted on the soil from the landfill can grow,
the notion is that the quality of the plant is poor.
REFERENCE
Louis, M.T. & Frederick, .T. 1979. Soils and Soil Fertility. New York :
McGraw-Hill
Surya Malang. 2018. Jangan Buang Sampah Sembarangan di Kota Malang
Awas Ada CCTV Mengintai. Suya Malang Online.
(http://suryamalang.tribunnews.com/2018/01/22/jangan-buang-sampah-
sembarangan-di-kota-malang-awas-ada-cctv-mengintai) accesed 3 February
2018
Tri Ratomo, U. 2016. Volume Sampah Kota Malang Meningkat. Antara News
Online. (https://www.antaranews.com/berita/568173/volume-sampah-kota-
malang-meningkat) acessed 3 February 2018
No. VARIABEL
1. the impacts of waste problem
1. Human Health Impacts
2. Soil contamination
3. Air pollution
4. composting
5. Plasma Glasification
3. Prevention of waste problem 1. Resource Efficience
2. Producer Responsibility
3. Prohibition of
Landfilling Combustible
and Organic Waste