Geography p1 Prep Sept 2019 QP Eng-2

PREPARATORY EXAMINATION
GRADE 12
GEOGRAPHY P1
SEPTEMBER 2019
MARKS: 225
TIME: 3 HOURS
This question paper consists of 15 pages and a 12-page annexure.
Copyright reserved Please turn over

Geography P1 2 FS/September 2019
Grade 12 Prep. Exam.
INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION
1. This question paper consists of FOUR questions.
2. Answer ANY THREE questions of 75 marks each.
3. All diagrams are included in the ANNEXURE.
4. Leave a line between subsections of questions answered.
5. Start EACH question at the top of a NEW page.
6. Number the questions correctly according to the numbering system used in

this question paper.
7. Number the answers in the centre of the line.
8. Do NOT write in the margins of the ANSWER BOOK.
9. Draw fully labelled diagrams when instructed to do so.
10. Answer in FULL SENTENCES, except when you have to state, name, identify
of list.
11. Write neatly and legibly.

SECTION A: CLIMATE, WEATHER AND GEOMORPHOLOGY
QUESTION 1
1.1 Choose a term in COLUMN B that matches the climatological description

in COLUMN A. Write only the letter (A–I) next to the question number
(1.1.1–1.1.8) in the ANSWER BOOK, for example 1.1.9 J.
COLUMN A COLUMN B
1.1.1 A low pressure system that forms in the A Kalahari high
interior due to intense heating
1.1.2 A weak low pressure associated with B Front

drizzle along the South African coastline
1.1.3 Wind from the land blowing towards the C Heat low
sea
1.1.4 A high pressure cell that causes dry D Saddle

and stable conditions over the west part
of South Africa
1.1.5 An area of separation between two E Coastal low

different air masses
1.1.6 This pressure cell dominates the interior F South Indian

of South Africa during winter
1.1.7 Warm moist air is fed into the interior G Offshore

from this pressure cell
1.1.8 Zone of constant pressure between two H South Atlantic

high pressure cells
I Trough
(8 x 1) (8)

1.2 Study the drainage basin in FIGURE 1.2 and match the letters A to G to
EACH description below.
1.2.1 A second order stream
1.2.2 A single stream that joins the main river
1.2.3 A confluence
1.2.4 An interfluve
1.2.5 The mouth of a river
1.2.6 The main river
1.2.7 The high lying area separating two drainage basins

(7 x 1) (7)
1.3 Refer to FIGURE 1.3 based on Cape Town weather.
1.3.1 During which season is Cape Town most likely to experience this type
of weather conditions? (1 x 1) (1)
1.3.2 Which weather system is mainly responsible for these conditions?

(1 x 1) (1)
1.3.3 Draw a plan view in which you illustrate this weather system as
it approaches Cape Town. (4 x 1) (4)
1.3.4 In a paragraph of approximately EIGHT lines, explain the negative

environmental impact that this weather system, that was mentioned in
QUESTION 1.3.2, will have on Cape Town. (4 x 2) (8)
1.4 Study FIGURE 1.4 based on line thunderstorm.
1.4.1 Name front A . (1 x 1) (1)
1.4.2 Name the type of clouds associated with the moisture front during
a line thunderstorm. (1 x 1) (1)
1.4.3 Describe the air masses that result in the formation of line
thunderstorms. (2 x 2) (4)
1.4.4 Explain how these air masses, that was mentioned in

QUESTION 1.4.3, cause line thunderstorms. (2 x 2) (4)
1.4.5 Evaluate the impact of line thunderstorms on farming in the interior

of South Africa. (3 x 2) (6)

1.5 Refer to FIGURE 1.5 which shows a river profile.
1.5.1 State river profile illustrated in FIGURE 1.5. (1 x 1) (1)
1.5.2 Explain your answer in QUESTION 1.5.1. (1 x 2) (2)
1.5.3 Explain the term base level. (1 x 2) (2)
1.5.4 Name the term used to describe the ultimate base level of erosion.
(1 x 1) (1)
1.5.5 Would you describe this profile as graded or ungraded? Explain

your answer. (1 + 2) (3)
1.5.6 (a) Draw a transverse (cross) profile of the river in the upper
course. (1 x 1) (1)
(b) State the main type of erosion taking place in the upper
course. (1 x 1) (1)
(c) Explain how this type of erosion, answer to QUESTION

1.5.6 (b) is responsible for the shape of the river valley in
the upper course. (2 x 2) (4)
1.6 Study FIGURE 1.6 showing fluvial landforms.
1.6.1 In which stage (course) of a river are the fluvial landforms shown
in FIGURE 1.6 likely to develop? (1 x 1) (1)
1.6.2 Differentiate between the characteristics of a levee and a floodplain.

(2 x 2) (4)
1.6.3 Describe the formation of a floodplain. (1 x 2) (2)
1.6.4 In a paragraph of approximately EIGHT lines, evaluate the

importance of floodplains for agriculture. (4 x 2) (8)
[75]

QUESTION 2
2.1 Study FIGURE 2.1 which is an extract from a synoptic weather map of
South Africa.
2.1.1 Does this synoptic weather map depict summer or winter conditions?
2.1.2 What are lines drawn on this synoptic weather map called?
2.1.3 State the air pressure at Port Elizabeth.
2.1.4 Is the synoptic feature A–B associated with stable or unstable weather?
2.1.5 What is the air temperature reading at Durban?
2.1.6 Name the ocean found along Durban.
2.1.7 Does Durban experience strong or weak winds?

(7 x 1) (7)
2.2 Various options are provided as possible answers to the following

questions. Choose the answer and write only the letter (A–D) next to
the question number (2.2.1–2.2.8) in the ANSWER BOOK, for
example 2.2.9 A.
2.2.1 River that flows throughout the year is known as a/an … river.
A periodic
B episodic
C permanent
D exotic
2.2.2 The water tables are above the river bed in a/an … river.
A exotic
B episodic
C periodic
D permanent
2.2.3 Water flowing in graded river is known as … flow.
A channel
B turbulent
C base
D laminar

2.2.4 The arrangement of streams in a drainage basin is known as the …
A cross profile.
B stream capture.
C longitudinal profile.
D drainage pattern.
2.2.5 A … pattern occurs on rocks with uniform resistance to erosion.
A trellis
B dendritic
C deranged
D rectangular
2.2.6 Where rivers flow into a low-laying area/basin a … drainage develops.
A centripetal
B braided
C antecedent
D superimposed
2.2.7 When water plunges over a vertical cliff, it forms a …
A levee.
B gorge.
C rapid.
D waterfall.
2.2.8 … stream channel pattern develops where a stream channel breaks up

into smaller streams.
A Braided
B Meandering
C Dendritic
D Rock-controlled
(8 x 1) (8)

2.3 Study FIGURE 2.3 on Hurricane Irma.
2.3.1 Which country was hit the most by the Hurricane Irma? (1 x 1) (1)
2.3.2 Give TWO pieces of evidence from FIGURE 2.3 that Hurricane Irma
occurred in the Northern hemisphere. (2 x 1) (2)
2.3.3 Describe the damage caused by Hurricane Irma as a category

5 storm. (2 x 2) (4)
2.3.4 Explain the possible conditions that led to the development of

Hurricane Irma. (2 x 2) (4)
2.3.5 Evaluate strategies that Cuba could consider to help prepare for
and manage the effects of hurricanes. (2 x 2) (4)
2.4 Refer to an extract in FIGURE 2.4 on valley climate.
2.4.1 Define the term inversion layer. (1 x 1) (1)
2.4.2 Account for the accumulation of pollutants in the valley. (1 x 2) (2)
2.4.3 Draw a cross-section in which you illustrate the effect of inversion

layer on pollution. (4 x 1) (4)
2.4.4 Discuss in a paragraph of approximately EIGHT lines the social impact

of pollution in the Central Valley of California. (4 x 2) (8)
2.5 Refer to FIGURE 2.5 based on drainage density.
2.5.1 Define the term drainage density. (1 x 1) (1)
2.5.2 Compare the drainage density between A and B. (1 x 2) (2)
2.5.3 Describe the resistance of the underlying rock structure at B. (1 x 2) (2)
2.5.4 Discuss how slope gradient and rainfall influence drainage density.
(2 x 2) (4)
2.5.5 Account for an increase in drainage density as the vegetation is

cleared for urban development. (3 x 2) (6)

2.6 Refer to FIGURE 2.6, an article about river pollution.
2.6.1 Name ONE other province that depends on Vaal River for water.
(1 x 1) (1)
2.6.2 Account for the high level of pollution in the Vaal River. (2 x 1) (2)
2.6.3 Which sectors will be affected the most if immediate improvement is

not implemented to rescue the Vaal River? (2 x 1) (2)
2.6.4 Describe the consequences of river pollution on the community

depending on the Vaal River (1 x 2) (2)
2.6.5 Suggest in a paragraph of approximately EIGHT lines sustainable

strategies that the government could implement to solve the
problem of water pollution in South African rivers. (4 x 2) (8)
[75]

SECTION B: RURAL AND URBAN SETTLEMENTS AND SOUTH AFRICAN

ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY
QUESTION 3
3.1 Choose the correct word(s) from those given in brackets. Write only the
word(s) next to the question number (3.1.1–3.1.7) in the ANSWER BOOK.
3.1.1 The ranking or ordering system of settlements is referred to as

(hierarchy/pattern).
3.1.2 The exact area where settlement is located is (site/situation).
3.1.3 (Dry point/wet point) settlement is found where water is available

almost everywhere.
3.1.4 The most appropriate factor used to differentiate between rural

and urban settlements is (size/function).
3.1.5 The smallest form of rural settlement is known as a/an

(isolated farmstead/hamlet).
3.1.6 A settlement pattern influenced by the way in which roads meet is

(linear/crossroad) pattern.
3.1.7 A settlement pattern where buildings are placed far apart from each
other is (isolated/nucleated).
(7 x 1) (7)

3.2 Choose a term in COLUMN B that matches the description in COLUMN A.

Write only the letter (A–J) next to the question number (3.2.1–3.2.8) in the
ANSWER BOOK, for example 3.2.9 K.
COLUMN A COLUMN B
3.2.1 The extraction of raw materials A Food security
3.2.2 The only core industrial region inland B Trade
3.2.3 Close concentration of industries C Imports
3.2.4 An industry that locates close to the D Footloose industry

customers
3.2.5 Buying and selling of goods and E Centralisation

services
3.2.6 Commodities brought into a country F PWV
3.2.7 When people have access to enough G Market-orientated

nutritious food
3.2.8 An industry that can locate anywhere H Primary activity
I Exports
J Food insecurity
(8 x 1) (8)
3.3 Refer to FIGURE 3.3 which shows a CBD.
3.3.1 Write the acronym CBD in full. (1 x 1) (1)
3.3.2 State the term used to describe the city as seen from the side.
(1 x 1) (1)
3.3.3 Mention THREE characteristics of a CBD. (3 x 1) (3)
3.3.4 Describe TWO problems that the CBDs experience as a

result of their accessibility. (2 x 2) (4)
3.3.5 Many buildings around the CBD are dilapidated (buildings are in a
poor state). Explain why this dilapidation does not impact on land
and property values. (3 x 2) (6)

3.4 Many people are abandoning (leaving) the farm areas to live in big cities.
3.4.1 What is the movement of people from farms to live in big cities
called? (1 x 1) (1)
3.4.2 Suggest TWO physical push factors that result in people abandoning
(moving away) the rural areas. (2 x 1) (2)
3.4.3 Describe TWO negative effects that this movement is likely to have on
urban areas. (2 x 2) (4)
3.4.4 Write a paragraph of approximately EIGHT lines suggesting

sustainable strategies that the government should put in place
to encourage people to remain in rural areas. (4 x 2) (8)
3.5 Refer to FIGURE 3.5 on maize exports.
3.5.1 Define the term exports. (1 x 1) (1)
3.5.2 Which two neighbouring countries of South Africa import most

maize from South Africa? (2 x 1) (2)
3.5.3 What is the value of Lesotho's maize import? (1 x 2) (2)
3.5.4 Suggest factors that make South Africa to be one of the

world's largest producers of maize. (2 x 2) (4)
3.5.5 Outline the importance of maize in the country's economy. (3 x 2) (6)
3.6 Refer to FIGURE 3.6 based on industrial activity in the Port Elizabeth-
Uitenhage Industrial Area (Nelson Mandela Metropole).
3.6.1 Would you classify an motor car industry as primary activity or

secondary activity? (1 x 1) (1)
3.6.2 State the major infrastructure factor that influenced the location of the
motor car industry. (1 x 1) (1)
3.6.3 Give the main factor that disadvantages the motor car industry in the
Port Elizabeth-Uitenhage Industrial Region. (1 x 1) (1)
3.6.4 Explain how the motor car industry has stimulated the development
of other industries. (2 x 2) (4)
3.6.5 In a paragraph of approximately EIGHT lines evaluate the importance

of industrial activity for the economy of Eastern Cape. (4 x 2) (8)
[75]

QUESTION 4
4.1 Choose a term from the list provided below which best matches the
statements below. Write only the word(s) next to the question number
(4.1.1–4.1.7) in the ANSWER BOOK.
urban sprawl; green belt; urbanisation; specialised city;

rural-urban fringe; rural depopulation; conurbation; megalopolis
4.1.1 Functions like airports are located here
4.1.2 Referred to as the lungs of the city
4.1.3 Term used to describe an increasing percentage of people who live and
work in urban areas
4.1.4 A gigantic urban area with dependent towns and cities surrounding it
4.1.5 Formless and uncontrolled growth of urban areas
4.1.6 A town or city with one dominant function
4.1.7 A decrease in rural population

(7 x 1) (7)
4.2 Refer to FIGURE 4.2 on different types of farming in South Africa.
Match the descriptions below with farming types A or B. Choose the

answer and write only the letter A or B next to the question number
(4.2.1–4.2.8) in the ANSWER BOOK for example 4.2.9 A.
4.2.1 Contributes the most to the GDP
4.2.2 Classified as subsistence farming
4.2.3 Ensures immediate food security in poor communities
4.2.4 Most farmers lack farming skills and knowledge
4.2.5 Use scientific farming methods
4.2.6 Produces a variety of crops in small quantities
4.2.7 Depends heavily on manual labour
4.2.8 It is commonly regarded as large scale farming

(8 x 1) (8)

4.3 Refer to FIGURE 4.3 that illustrates urban renewal.
4.3.1 Define the term urban renewal. (1 x 1) (1)
4.3.2 Describe how crime and grime led to the decline in Doornfontein.
(2 x 2) (4)
4.3.3 State TWO pieces of evidence from the extract that show
there was renewal for Doornfontein. (2 x 1) (2)
4.3.4 In a paragraph of approximately EIGHT lines, discuss the positive

economic impact that urban renewal will have for Doornfontein.
(4 x 2) (8)
4.4 Read the extract in FIGURE 4.4 referring to informal settlement.
4.4.1 Define the term informal settlement. (1 x 1) (1)
4.4.2 State TWO problems, indicated in the extract, that people living
in this informal settlement experience. (2 x 1) (2)
4.4.3 Suggest a possible solution for the problems experienced by the

informal settlement. (1 x 2) (2)
4.4.4 Outline ONE advantage and ONE disadvantage this location have
on the Zuzokuhle residents. (2 x 2) (4)
4.4.5 Discuss this statement: 'Many people lose their homes and belongings
during the winter because of the fires'. (3 x 2) (6)
4.5 Study FIGURE 4.5 based on the Gross Domestic Product.
4.5.1 Define the term Gross Domestic Product. (1 x 1) (1)
4.5.2 Comment on the trend shown by the GDP. (1 x 1) (1)
4.5.3 Which economic sector is also referred to as the service sector?

(1 x 1) (1)
4.5.4 Determine the following about the contribution of different sectors:
(a) Economic sector contributing the least. (1 x 1) (1)
(b) Economic activity showing greatest growth. (1 x 1) (1)
(c) Percentage contribution of secondary sector. (1 x 2) (2)

4.5.5 Farming activity shows the greatest decline in contribution to the GDP.
In a paragraph of approximately EIGHT lines, suggest possible
contributing factors for the decline. (4 x 2) (8)
4.6 Read the extract in FIGURE 4.6 based on informal food sector.
4.6.1 Define the term informal sector. (1 x 1) (1)
4.6.2 Give an example of informal food sector. (1 x 1) (1)
4.6.3 How much, according to the article, is the food sector

valued at? (1 x 1) (1)
4.6.4 Quote from the extract, pieces of evidence showing that the
informal food sector contributes notably to the economy. (2 x 1) (2)
4.6.5 Explain challenges faced by the informal traders. (2 x 2) (4)
4.6.6 Suggest ways in which South African government can help

strengthen the informal food sector. (3 x 2) (6)
[75]
GRAND TOTAL: 225

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PREPARATORY EXAMINATION

This question paper consists of 15 pages and a 12-page annexure.

Copyright reserved Please turn over

INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION

1. This question paper consists of FOUR questions.

2. Answer ANY THREE questions of 75 marks each.

3. All diagrams are included in the ANNEXURE.

4. Leave a line between subsections of questions answered.

5. Start EACH question at the top of a NEW page.

6. Number the questions correctly according to the numbering system used in

7. Number the answers in the centre of the line.

8. Do NOT write in the margins of the ANSWER BOOK.

9. Draw fully labelled diagrams when instructed to do so.

11. Write neatly and legibly.

Copyright reserved Please turn over

SECTION A: CLIMATE, WEATHER AND GEOMORPHOLOGY

1.1 Choose a term in COLUMN B that matches the climatological description

1.1.2 A weak low pressure associated with B Front

1.1.4 A high pressure cell that causes dry D Saddle

1.1.5 An area of separation between two E Coastal low

1.1.6 This pressure cell dominates the interior F South Indian

1.1.7 Warm moist air is fed into the interior G Offshore

1.1.8 Zone of constant pressure between two H South Atlantic

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1.2.1 A second order stream

1.2.2 A single stream that joins the main river

1.2.5 The mouth of a river

1.2.6 The main river

1.2.7 The high lying area separating two drainage basins

1.3 Refer to FIGURE 1.3 based on Cape Town weather.

1.3.2 Which weather system is mainly responsible for these conditions?

1.3.4 In a paragraph of approximately EIGHT lines, explain the negative

1.4 Study FIGURE 1.4 based on line thunderstorm.

1.4.1 Name front A . (1 x 1) (1)

1.4.4 Explain how these air masses, that was mentioned in

1.4.5 Evaluate the impact of line thunderstorms on farming in the interior

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1.5 Refer to FIGURE 1.5 which shows a river profile.

1.5.1 State river profile illustrated in FIGURE 1.5. (1 x 1) (1)

1.5.2 Explain your answer in QUESTION 1.5.1. (1 x 2) (2)

1.5.3 Explain the term base level. (1 x 2) (2)

1.5.5 Would you describe this profile as graded or ungraded? Explain

(c) Explain how this type of erosion, answer to QUESTION

1.6 Study FIGURE 1.6 showing fluvial landforms.

1.6.2 Differentiate between the characteristics of a levee and a floodplain.

1.6.3 Describe the formation of a floodplain. (1 x 2) (2)

1.6.4 In a paragraph of approximately EIGHT lines, evaluate the

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2.1.3 State the air pressure at Port Elizabeth.

2.1.5 What is the air temperature reading at Durban?

2.1.6 Name the ocean found along Durban.

2.1.7 Does Durban experience strong or weak winds?

2.2 Various options are provided as possible answers to the following

2.2.3 Water flowing in graded river is known as … flow.

Copyright reserved Please turn over

2.2.4 The arrangement of streams in a drainage basin is known as the …

2.2.5 A … pattern occurs on rocks with uniform resistance to erosion.

2.2.6 Where rivers flow into a low-laying area/basin a … drainage develops.

2.2.7 When water plunges over a vertical cliff, it forms a …