DS1307 PDF
DS1307 PDF
DS1307 PDF
2
64 x 8, Serial, I C Real-Time Clock
ORDERING INFORMATION
PART TEMP RANGE VOLTAGE (V) PIN-PACKAGE TOP MARK*
DS1307+ 0°C to +70°C 5.0 8 PDIP (300 mils) DS1307
DS1307N+ -40°C to +85°C 5.0 8 PDIP (300 mils) DS1307N
DS1307Z+ 0°C to +70°C 5.0 8 SO (150 mils) DS1307
DS1307ZN+ -40°C to +85°C 5.0 8 SO (150 mils) DS1307N
DS1307Z+T&R 0°C to +70°C 5.0 8 SO (150 mils) Tape and Reel DS1307
DS1307ZN+T&R -40°C to +85°C 5.0 8 SO (150 mils) Tape and Reel DS1307N
+Denotes a lead-free/RoHS-compliant package.
*A “+” anywhere on the top mark indicates a lead-free package. An “N” anywhere on the top mark indicates an industrial temperature range
device.
1 of 14 REV: 100208
DS1307 64 x 8, Serial, I2C Real-Time Clock
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(VCC = 4.5V to 5.5V; TA = 0°C to +70°C, TA = -40°C to +85°C.) (Notes 1, 2)
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(VCC = 0V, VBAT = 3.0V; TA = 0°C to +70°C, TA = -40°C to +85°C.) (Notes 1, 2)
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DS1307 64 x 8, Serial, I2C Real-Time Clock
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(VCC = 4.5V to 5.5V; TA = 0°C to +70°C, TA = -40°C to +85°C.)
CAPACITANCE
(TA = +25°C)
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DS1307 64 x 8, Serial, I2C Real-Time Clock
TIMING DIAGRAM
SDA
tBUF
tHD:STA
tLOW
tR tF
SCL
tHD:STA tSU:STA
tHIGH
tSU:STO
1Hz
CL
X2
Oscillator
and divider RAM
(56 X 8)
CONTROL
VCC
LOGIC
POWER
GND CLOCK,
CONTROL
CALENDAR,
VBAT
AND CONTROL
DS1307 REGISTERS
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DS1307 64 x 8, Serial, I2C Real-Time Clock
120 400
SQW=32kHz
110
100 350
90
80 300
70
60 250
50 SQW off
40 200
30
20 150
10
0 100
1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5
VCC (V) VBACKUP (V)
SQW=32kHz
32768.5
325.0
32768.4
SUPPLY CURRENT (nA)
FREQUENCY (Hz)
275.0 32768.3
32768.2
225.0
32768.1
SQW off
32768
175.0 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5
-40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 Supply (V)
TEMPERATURE (°C)
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DS1307 64 x 8, Serial, I2C Real-Time Clock
PIN DESCRIPTION
PIN NAME FUNCTION
Connections for Standard 32.768kHz Quartz Crystal. The internal oscillator circuitry is
1 X1 designed for operation with a crystal having a specified load capacitance (CL) of 12.5pF.
X1 is the input to the oscillator and can optionally be connected to an external 32.768kHz
oscillator. The output of the internal oscillator, X2, is floated if an external oscillator is
connected to X1.
2 X2 Note: For more information on crystal selection and crystal layout considerations, refer to
Application Note 58: Crystal Considerations with Dallas Real-Time Clocks.
Backup Supply Input for Any Standard 3V Lithium Cell or Other Energy Source. Battery
voltage must be held between the minimum and maximum limits for proper operation.
Diodes in series between the battery and the VBAT pin may prevent proper operation. If a
backup supply is not required, VBAT must be grounded. The nominal power-fail trip point
3 VBAT (VPF) voltage at which access to the RTC and user RAM is denied is set by the internal
circuitry as 1.25 x VBAT nominal. A lithium battery with 48mAh or greater will back up the
DS1307 for more than 10 years in the absence of power at +25°C.
UL recognized to ensure against reverse charging current when used with a lithium
battery. Go to: www.maxim-ic.com/qa/info/ul/.
4 GND Ground
Serial Data Input/Output. SDA is the data input/output for the I2C serial interface. The
5 SDA SDA pin is open drain and requires an external pullup resistor. The pullup voltage can be
up to 5.5V regardless of the voltage on VCC.
Serial Clock Input. SCL is the clock input for the I2C interface and is used to synchronize
6 SCL data movement on the serial interface. The pullup voltage can be up to 5.5V regardless of
the voltage on VCC.
Square Wave/Output Driver. When enabled, the SQWE bit set to 1, the SQW/OUT pin
outputs one of four square-wave frequencies (1Hz, 4kHz, 8kHz, 32kHz). The SQW/OUT
7 SQW/OUT pin is open drain and requires an external pullup resistor. SQW/OUT operates with either
VCC or VBAT applied. The pullup voltage can be up to 5.5V regardless of the voltage on
VCC. If not used, this pin can be left floating.
Primary Power Supply. When voltage is applied within normal limits, the device is fully
accessible and data can be written and read. When a backup supply is connected to the
8 VCC
device and VCC is below VTP, read and writes are inhibited. However, the timekeeping
function continues unaffected by the lower input voltage.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
The DS1307 is a low-power clock/calendar with 56 bytes of battery-backed SRAM. The clock/calendar provides
seconds, minutes, hours, day, date, month, and year information. The date at the end of the month is automatically
adjusted for months with fewer than 31 days, including corrections for leap year. The DS1307 operates as a slave
device on the I2C bus. Access is obtained by implementing a START condition and providing a device identification
code followed by a register address. Subsequent registers can be accessed sequentially until a STOP condition is
executed. When VCC falls below 1.25 x VBAT, the device terminates an access in progress and resets the device
address counter. Inputs to the device will not be recognized at this time to prevent erroneous data from being
written to the device from an out-of-tolerance system. When VCC falls below VBAT, the device switches into a low-
current battery-backup mode. Upon power-up, the device switches from battery to VCC when VCC is greater than
VBAT +0.2V and recognizes inputs when VCC is greater than 1.25 x VBAT. The block diagram in Figure 1 shows the
main elements of the serial RTC.
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DS1307 64 x 8, Serial, I2C Real-Time Clock
OSCILLATOR CIRCUIT
The DS1307 uses an external 32.768kHz crystal. The oscillator circuit does not require any external resistors or
capacitors to operate. Table 1 specifies several crystal parameters for the external crystal. Figure 1 shows a
functional schematic of the oscillator circuit. If using a crystal with the specified characteristics, the startup time is
usually less than one second.
CLOCK ACCURACY
The accuracy of the clock is dependent upon the accuracy of the crystal and the accuracy of the match between
the capacitive load of the oscillator circuit and the capacitive load for which the crystal was trimmed. Additional
error will be added by crystal frequency drift caused by temperature shifts. External circuit noise coupled into the
oscillator circuit may result in the clock running fast. Refer to Application Note 58: Crystal Considerations with
Dallas Real-Time Clocks for detailed information.
X1
CRYSTAL
X2
GND
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DS1307 64 x 8, Serial, I2C Real-Time Clock
The DS1307 can be run in either 12-hour or 24-hour mode. Bit 6 of the hours register is defined as the 12-hour or
24-hour mode-select bit. When high, the 12-hour mode is selected. In the 12-hour mode, bit 5 is the AM/PM bit with
logic high being PM. In the 24-hour mode, bit 5 is the second 10-hour bit (20 to 23 hours). The hours value must be
re-entered whenever the 12/24-hour mode bit is changed.
When reading or writing the time and date registers, secondary (user) buffers are used to prevent errors when the
internal registers update. When reading the time and date registers, the user buffers are synchronized to the
internal registers on any I2C START. The time information is read from these secondary registers while the clock
continues to run. This eliminates the need to re-read the registers in case the internal registers update during a
read. The divider chain is reset whenever the seconds register is written. Write transfers occur on the I2C
acknowledge from the DS1307. Once the divider chain is reset, to avoid rollover issues, the remaining time and
date registers must be written within one second.
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DS1307 64 x 8, Serial, I2C Real-Time Clock
CONTROL REGISTER
The DS1307 control register is used to control the operation of the SQW/OUT pin.
Bit 7: Output Control (OUT). This bit controls the output level of the SQW/OUT pin when the square-wave output
is disabled. If SQWE = 0, the logic level on the SQW/OUT pin is 1 if OUT = 1 and is 0 if OUT = 0. On initial
application of power to the device, this bit is typically set to a 0.
Bit 4: Square-Wave Enable (SQWE). This bit, when set to logic 1, enables the oscillator output. The frequency of
the square-wave output depends upon the value of the RS0 and RS1 bits. With the square-wave output set to 1Hz,
the clock registers update on the falling edge of the square wave. On initial application of power to the device, this
bit is typically set to a 0.
Bits 1 and 0: Rate Select (RS[1:0]). These bits control the frequency of the square-wave output when the square-
wave output has been enabled. The following table lists the square-wave frequencies that can be selected with the
RS bits. On initial application of power to the device, these bits are typically set to a 1.
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DS1307 64 x 8, Serial, I2C Real-Time Clock
Data transfer can be initiated only when the bus is not busy.
During data transfer, the data line must remain stable whenever the clock line is HIGH. Changes in the data
line while the clock line is high will be interpreted as control signals.
Bus not busy: Both data and clock lines remain HIGH.
START data transfer: A change in the state of the data line, from HIGH to LOW, while the clock is HIGH,
defines a START condition.
STOP data transfer: A change in the state of the data line, from LOW to HIGH, while the clock line is HIGH,
defines the STOP condition.
Data valid: The state of the data line represents valid data when, after a START condition, the data line is
stable for the duration of the HIGH period of the clock signal. The data on the line must be changed during the
LOW period of the clock signal. There is one clock pulse per bit of data.
Each data transfer is initiated with a START condition and terminated with a STOP condition. The number of
data bytes transferred between START and STOP conditions is not limited, and is determined by the master
device. The information is transferred byte-wise and each receiver acknowledges with a ninth bit. Within the
2
I C bus specifications a standard mode (100kHz clock rate) and a fast mode (400kHz clock rate) are defined.
The DS1307 operates in the standard mode (100kHz) only.
Acknowledge: Each receiving device, when addressed, is obliged to generate an acknowledge after the
reception of each byte. The master device must generate an extra clock pulse which is associated with this
acknowledge bit.
A device that acknowledges must pull down the SDA line during the acknowledge clock pulse in such a way
that the SDA line is stable LOW during the HIGH period of the acknowledge related clock pulse. Of course,
setup and hold times must be taken into account. A master must signal an end of data to the slave by not
generating an acknowledge bit on the last byte that has been clocked out of the slave. In this case, the slave
must leave the data line HIGH to enable the master to generate the STOP condition.
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DS1307 64 x 8, Serial, I2C Real-Time Clock
SDA
MSB
R/W
DIRECTION ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
BIT SIGNAL FROM RECEIVER
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
SIGNAL FROM RECEIVER
SCL
1 2 6 7 8 9 1 2 3-7 8 9
ACK ACK
START STOP
CONDITION CONDITION
REPEATED IF MORE BYTES OR
ARE TRANSFERED REPEATED
START
CONDITION
Depending upon the state of the R/W bit, two types of data transfer are possible:
1. Data transfer from a master transmitter to a slave receiver. The first byte transmitted by the master is the
slave address. Next follows a number of data bytes. The slave returns an acknowledge bit after each received
byte. Data is transferred with the most significant bit (MSB) first.
2. Data transfer from a slave transmitter to a master receiver. The first byte (the slave address) is transmitted
by the master. The slave then returns an acknowledge bit. This is followed by the slave transmitting a number
of data bytes. The master returns an acknowledge bit after all received bytes other than the last byte. At the
end of the last received byte, a “not acknowledge” is returned.
The master device generates all the serial clock pulses and the START and STOP conditions. A transfer is
ended with a STOP condition or with a repeated START condition. Since a repeated START condition is also
the beginning of the next serial transfer, the bus will not be released. Data is transferred with the most
significant bit (MSB) first.
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DS1307 64 x 8, Serial, I2C Real-Time Clock
1. Slave Receiver Mode (Write Mode): Serial data and clock are received through SDA and SCL. After
each byte is received an acknowledge bit is transmitted. START and STOP conditions are recognized
as the beginning and end of a serial transfer. Hardware performs address recognition after reception of
the slave address and direction bit (see Figure 4). The slave address byte is the first byte received
after the master generates the START condition. The slave address byte contains the 7-bit DS1307
address, which is 1101000, followed by the direction bit (R/W), which for a write is 0. After receiving
and decoding the slave address byte, the DS1307 outputs an acknowledge on SDA. After the DS1307
acknowledges the slave address + write bit, the master transmits a word address to the DS1307. This
sets the register pointer on the DS1307, with the DS1307 acknowledging the transfer. The master can
then transmit zero or more bytes of data with the DS1307 acknowledging each byte received. The
register pointer automatically increments after each data byte are written. The master will generate a
STOP condition to terminate the data write.
2. Slave Transmitter Mode (Read Mode): The first byte is received and handled as in the slave receiver
mode. However, in this mode, the direction bit will indicate that the transfer direction is reversed. The
DS1307 transmits serial data on SDA while the serial clock is input on SCL. START and STOP
conditions are recognized as the beginning and end of a serial transfer (see Figure 5). The slave
address byte is the first byte received after the START condition is generated by the master. The slave
address byte contains the 7-bit DS1307 address, which is 1101000, followed by the direction bit (R/W),
which is 1 for a read. After receiving and decoding the slave address the DS1307 outputs an
acknowledge on SDA. The DS1307 then begins to transmit data starting with the register address
pointed to by the register pointer. If the register pointer is not written to before the initiation of a read
mode the first address that is read is the last one stored in the register pointer. The register pointer
automatically increments after each byte are read. The DS1307 must receive a Not Acknowledge to
end a read.
Figure 4. Data Write—Slave Receiver Mode
<RW>
S - Start
A - Acknowledge (ACK) Master to slave DATA TRANSFERRED
P - Stop (X+1 BYTES + ACKNOWLEDGE); NOTE: LAST DATA BYTE IS
A - Not Acknowledge (NACK) Slave to master FOLLOWED BY A NOT ACKNOWLEDGE (A) SIGNAL)
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DS1307 64 x 8, Serial, I2C Real-Time Clock
Figure 6. Data Read (Write Pointer, Then Read)—Slave Receive and Transmit
<RW>
<RW>
<Slave Address> <Word Address (n)> <Slave Address>
PACKAGE INFORMATION
For the latest package outline information and land patterns, go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages.
PACKAGE TYPE PACKAGE CODE DOCUMENT NO.
8 PDIP — 21-0043
8 SO — 21-0041
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DS1307 64 x 8, Serial, I2C Real-Time Clock
REVISION HISTORY
REVISION PAGES
DESCRIPTION
DATE CHANGED
Moved the Typical Operating Circuit and Pin Configurations to first page. 1
Removed the leaded part numbers from the Ordering Information table. 1
Added an open-drain transistor to SQW/OUT in the block diagram (Figure 1). 4
Added the pullup voltage range for SDA, SCL, and SQW/OUT to the Pin
6
Description table and noted that SQW/OUT can be left open if not used.
100208 Added default time and date values on first application of power to the Clock
and Calendar section and deleted the note that initial power-on state is not 8
defined.
Added default on initial application of power to bit info in the Control Register
9
section.
Updated the Package Information section to reflect new package outline
13
drawing numbers.
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No circuit patent licenses are implied. Maxim/Dallas Semiconductor reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time.
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