A Report on

Structural Analysis and Design

Of
Residential Building
(Mrs. Ambika Kumari Lama)

Location: Kirtipur, Kathmandu

Date: February, 2019

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Table of Contents
1. Introduction .................................................................................................................................................... 1
2. Description of the Building ....................................................................................................................... 1
3. Construction Site ........................................................................................................................................... 1
4. Dimension of Structural Members ........................................................................................................... 1
5. Material .......................................................................................................................................................... 2
6. Modeling ........................................................................................................................................................ 2
7. Dead Loads .................................................................................................................................................... 2
8. Live loads ...................................................................................................................................................... 2
9. Seismic Loads ............................................................................................................................................... 3
10. Load Cases .................................................................................................................................................. 4
11. Load Combination ........................................................................................................................................ 4
12. Relevant Codes followed ............................................................................................................................. 4
13. Analysis and Design .................................................................................................................................... 4
a. Analysis ..................................................................................................................................................... 4
b. Design & Detailing ...................................................................................................................................... 7
14. Conclusion ................................................................................................................................................ 24
15. References ............................................................................................................................................... 24

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1. Introduction
The basic aim of the structural design is to building a structure, which is safe, fulfilling the
intended purpose during its estimated life, economical in terms of initial and maintenance cost,
durable and also maintaining a good aesthetic appearance. The construction of any building
consists of three phases; a) Design b) Drawing with proper detailing and c) Construction as per
drawing and details. The design of structure consists of two parts. I) Analysis and ii) Design. At
first the preliminary size of various member for specific structure are fixed and the analysis is
carried out. With the result obtained from analysis, necessary design is carried out.

This report deals with the methodology of the Structural Analysis and Design of Residential
building located at Kirtipur, Kathmandu attached herewith.

2. Description of the Building

1.1. Type of Building : Residential Building
1.2. Building Structure : Framed structure
1.3. Number of stories : Three Storey
1.4. Storey Height : 2870mm (9’-5”)
1.5. Height of Parapet Wall : 900mm
1.6. Total Height of Building : 11480 mm (37’-8”)
1.7. External Wall : Normal Brick 9” (230mm)
1.8 Internal Wall : 4.5" Brick Wall (110mm)
1.9 Plaster : 12 mm

3. Construction Site
Location Kirtipur, Kathmandu
Soil Type Medium (Type II)
Bear Capacity 150 KN/m2 (Assumed)

4. Dimension of Structural Members

Slab Thickness 125 mm (5”)
Footing Varies
Plinth beam 230 mm x 300 mm (9”x 12”)
Beam Size 230 mm x 350 mm (9” x 14”)
Column Size 300 mm x 300 mm (12’’ x 12”)
Secondary Beam (S.B) 230 mm x 230 mm (9”x9”)

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5. Material
Reinforced Concrete of grade M20.
Reinforcement bars of grade TMT (FE 500).
Unit weight (Concrete) = 25 KN/m3
Unit weight (Masonry wall) = 19.0 KN/m3

6. Modeling
Building is modeled as special moment resisting frame with the standard software ETABS V9.5.
Beam & columns are modeled as line element while slab are modeled as area element.

For the purpose of analysis, following material properties are assumed for concrete:

Grade of Concrete = M20 for all structural member

Grade of Steel = Fe500

Unit weight (Concrete) = 25 kN/m3

Young’s Modulus of Elasticity (Concrete) = 5000 √fck

Poisson’s Ratio (Concrete) = 0.2

Unit weight (Masonry wall) = 19.0 KN/m3

7. Dead Loads
Slab / Beam / Column = Program Calculated by unit wt. given (25 kN/m3)

Brick Masonry (Unit Wt.) = 19.0 KN/m3

Floor Finish = 0.9 KN/m2

Partition wall =1.0 KN/m2

8. Live loads
Rooms = 2 KN/m2

Stairs/ Corridors = 3 KN/m2

` Roof (with Access) = 1.5 KN/m2

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9. Seismic Loads

IS1893 2002 Auto Seismic Load Calculation

This calculation presents the automatically generated lateral seismic loads for load pattern EQx
according to IS1893 2002, as calculated by ETABS.
Direction and Eccentricity
Direction = X
Structural Period
Period Calculation Method = Program Calculated
Factors and Coefficients
Seismic Zone Factor, Z [IS Table 2] Z = 0.36
Response Reduction Factor, R [IS Table 7] R=5
Importance Factor, I [IS Table 6] I=1
Site Type [IS Table 1] Type= II
Seismic Response
Spectral Acceleration Coefficient, S a /g [IS6.4.5]
Sa /g = 1.36/T
Sa/g = 1.687148
Equivalent Lateral Forces
Seismic Coefficient, A h [IS 6.4.2] Ah = Z/2*I/R*Sa/R

Calculated Base Shear

Direction Period Used Weight Vb (KN)

(Sec) (KN)
X+ Ecc. Y 0.806 3321.3586 201.7304

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IS1893 2002 Auto Seismic Load Calculation
This calculation presents the automatically generated lateral seismic loads for load pattern EQx
according to IS1893 2002, as calculated by ETABS.
Direction and Eccentricity
Direction = Y
Structural Period
Period Calculation Method = Program Calculated
Factors and Coefficients
Seismic Zone Factor, Z [IS Table 2] Z = 0.36
Response Reduction Factor, R [IS Table 7] R=5
Importance Factor, I [IS Table 6] I=1
Site Type [IS Table 1] Type= II
Seismic Response
Spectral Acceleration Coefficient, S a /g [IS6.4.5]
Sa /g = 1.36/T
Sa/g = 1.819734
Equivalent Lateral Forces
Seismic Coefficient, A h [IS 6.4.2] Ah = Z/2*I/R*Sa/R

Calculated Base Shear

Direction Period Used Weight Vb (KN)

(Sec) (KN)
Y+ Ecc. x 0.747 3321.3586 217.5836

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 10. Load Cases
Following loads have been considered in the analysis of the building as per IS456-2000 and NBC
105 codes.

1. Dead Load (DL): It includes self-weight, Floor Finish, Partition wall, Wall load.

2. Live load (LL)

3. Seismic Load (Ex & Ey): For Earthquake Load, 100% of Dead Load and 25% of Live Load is taken
into account. Seismic Coefficient method using IS 1893:2000 Part I is
applied directly through software (ETABS V9.5) for Earthquake analysis
of the structure.

11. Load Combination

DL +LL
1.DL+LL+WL
DL+WL
DL+EQX
DL+EQY
DL+LL+EQX
DL+LL+EQY

Load combination is auto generated from the ETABS program

12. Relevant Codes followed

a. IS 456: 2000 : For Design of Structural Elements

b. SP 16 : Design Aid

c. SP 34 and IS 13920:1993 : For Detailing

d. NBC 105 : For Lateral Loading

e. IS 875 part I : For Dead Load

f. IS 875 part II : For Live Load

13. Analysis and Design

a. Analysis
A three dimensional linear elastic analysis has been carried out using the standard software
ETABS V 9.5 .The Structure is assumed to be fixed at the plinth level. The brick wall is considered
as the filler wall only. The beams are modeled as rectangular beams. Center to center dimension of
the structure has been considered. The rigid end effect has also been considered in the analysis.

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3D Model of Building

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Deformed Shape for Load Case Ex

Moment Diagram for DCon14

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 Shear Force Diagram for combo 1

b. Design & Detailing

The design of the members has been done as per philosophy of limit state method. For the design
of the members IS 456:2000 and design aid SP 16 has been used extensively.
Footings have been designed for vertical loads developed at the base due to dead load and live load
only. Isolated/ Combine / Strap/ Strip/ Raft footings have been adopted for ground load transfer.
Longitudinal reinforcement in columns has been calculated based on critical load combination
among the load combinations adopted. A symmetric arrangement of the reinforcement has been
adopted from seismic point of view that reversal stress may occur. Longitudinal reinforcement in
beams is also based on critical load combination. It is calculated from the envelope of bending
moment diagram. Spacing of the shear reinforcement has been calculated as per the ductility
principle. IS 13920 -1993 have been used for this purpose.
The Reinforcement detailing of all the important structural components have been shown on the
drawing. They conform to the relevant sections of the IS 456:1975, NBC 105:1994, IS 13920:1993, SP:
16, and SP 34:1987
50Safe Bearing Capacity taken = 150KN/m2 / Unit wt. of soil taken = 17KN/m3

Design Result from ETABS:

Size of Column= 300x300mm & Size of Beam= 230x350mm

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Design output for elevation A in mm2

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Design output for Elevation B in mm2

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Design output for Elevation C in mm2

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Design output for Ground floor in mm2

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Design output for First Floor in mm2

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Design output for Third Floor in mm2

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Typical Detail Calculation of Column of grid 1A

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Typical Detail Calculation of First Floor Beam of grid 2/ A-B

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MAXIMUM DEFLECTION

Maximum Deflection (H= 37’8”)

= 0.004x 11.48
= 45.92 mm
The maximum Deflection obtained from ETABS = 27.43 mm
27.43 < 45.92 mm
HENCE OK
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STOREY DRIFT

The maximum inter storey drift obtained from ETABS= 0.002

0.004>0.002
HENCE OK

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Foundation Design

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Design of Slab

Design Output:
Thickness of Slab = 5”
Rebar= 8 ɸ @ 6” c/c T/B

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14. Conclusion
Given residential building is analyzed & designed as per the NBC / IS codal provision to ensure
the overall structural safety & serviceability for all the possible load combinations. Max Drift is
within limit specified by code (i.e. less than 0.004H)
It is strongly recommended to consult the structural engineer prior any change in structural
details; if required during construction phase.

15. References
IS: 456 – 2000 Code of Practice for Plain and Reinforced Concrete

IS: 875 (Parts 1-5) Code of practice for design loads (other than earthquake) for

buildings and structures (second revision)

Part 1 – Dead loads

Part 2 – Imposed loads

NBC 105: 1994 Seismic Design of Buildings in Nepal

IS: 1893 – 2002 Criteria for Earthquake Resistant Design of Structures

IS: 4236 – 1976 Code of Practice for Earthquake resistant Design and Construction

of Buildings

IS: 13920 - 1993 Ductile Detailing of Reinforced Concrete Structures subjected to

Seismic forces - Code of Practice

SP: 16 – 1980 Design Aids for Reinforced Concrete to IS: 456 – 1978

SP: 34 – 1987 Handbook on Concrete Reinforcement Detailing Jain, A.K.

Reinforced Concrete, Limit State Design, fifth edition, Nem Chand

and Bros, Roorkee, 1999

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