Sarah Mockler

Artifacts 2

Topic: Influence of a death of a loved one on a person’s happiness, resilience and adversity

Charbonneau, D. (2019). Model of mindfulness and mental health outcomes: Need fulfillment

and resilience as mediators. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science/Revue Canadienne

Des Sciences Du

Comportement, doi:http://dx.doi.org.ezproxy.loras.edu/10.1037/cbs0000137

This article goes through mindfulness and how it compares to resilience. Mindfulness has two

aspects and they are attention to and awareness of internal and external events that take place in

the here-and-now. Mindfulness is defined as a state of mind where one observes and registers

one’s internal and external experiences without evaluating, interpreting or judging such

experiences. Having higher levels of trait mindfulness are associated with greater well-being, the

absence of unpleasant affect than with the presence of pleasant affects and added empathy and a

sense of autonomy and competence to the list of positive correlates. This article also looked at

the self-determination theory (SDT). This is the psychological needs that include autonomy, need

for relatedness and competence. The study in this article found that psychological need

satisfaction emerged as the stronger mediator compared to resilience.

This can be helpful because it also looks at resilience. This article explains that resilience is the

ability to bounce back and recover from adversity, conflict and failure. This article also supports

the idea that resilience is a process but also says is a trait or outcome. Resilience depends on

internal and external factors. Where mindfulness is the internal factors.

to mindfulness. I found this article very helpful. This article gives more information into the

depth of mindfulness and resilience. It connects with the other articles about how resilience is a

process.

Jenness, J. L., Peverill, M., King, K. M., Hankin, B. L., & McLaughlin, K. A. (2019). Dynamic

associations between stressful life events and adolescent internalizing psychopathology in

a multiwave longitudinal study. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 128(6), 596-609.

doi:http://dx.doi.org.ezproxy.loras.edu/10.1037/abn0000450

This article explains the exposure to stressful life events. Stressful life events are a predictor of

depression and anxiety. The study in this article was to see how stress can be a predictor of

depression and anxiety. Depression symptoms were measured with the 27-item Children’s

Depression Inventory. Anxiety symptoms were measured with the 39-item Multidimensional

Anxiety Scale for Children. Stressful life events were measured with 57-item adolescent life

events questionnaire. The results showed that those who experience higher average levels of

SLEs are more likely to experience depression.

This can be helpful because it also mentions how stressful events can make a person more prone

to mental illness. It focuses on childhood and how the mental illness or mental illnesses could

come about as an adult. This study is also helpful because it is not as similar to other studies I

found. This study focuses on the participants self-reported symptoms.

I think this article is a good resource to use because it shows the data that explains how stressful

life events can cause depression later on in life. It also gives many questionnaires that would be

interesting to look at.

compassion. Emotion, doi:http://dx.doi.org.ezproxy.loras.edu/10.1037/emo0000655

This article goes through how when a person experiences adversity it affects that individuals

compassion later on in life. This article uses the example of how those who were affected by

Hurricane Katrina helped those who were affected by Hurricane Harvey. They had compassion

for those people because they went through a similar experience. This article was focused on

looking at the effects of numeracy bias. Numeracy bias basically means that the larger the

number the less sensitive the individual is. The first study in this article was to see if people who

faced more adversity were less susceptible to help. The results showed that participants who had

not experience high levels of adversity showed a lack of change in compassion in response to

more people in distress. The second study was similar to the first. In this study they looked at

how the feelings of compassion measured after looking at pictures of suffering children. The

results also were similar to the first study in that the participants who experienced greater

adversity resisted the numeracy bias. The third study was taking a deeper look at the results of

study one and two. In this study some participants underwent brief manipulation in attempts to

boost their efficacy to help others. The results showed the manipulation was successful. The

fourth study was a similar design to the second study. In this case it was to see if adversity-

driven compassion would motivate charitable giving to alleviate mass suffering. The results

showed that they most people would donate but those who experience higher adversity tended to

donate more.

This can be helpful because it is similar to another article that looks at resilience due to natural

disasters. However, this article focuses on compassion rather than PTSD or other factors. This

also is helpful in looking at the motivation behind compassion. The results tend to show that the
more adversity you experience the more likely you are to help and to donate more. This can be

used to show that adversity benefits the person later in life and causes personal growth.

I think this article is a good resource to use because it highlights how adversity causes an

individual to show more compassion and understanding. I found it interesting how those who go

through higher adversity are more likely to donate more. It is important to note that adversity

does have an impact on compassion. I thought this article was an enjoyable read to learn more

about how people are compassionate. I definitely support the idea that those who go through

more adversity are more compassionate. However, I do understand that people who do not

experience adversity can also be compassionate.

Weber, M. C., Pavlacic, J. M., Gawlik, E. A., Schulenberg, S. E., & Buchanan, E. M. (2019).

Modeling resilience, meaning in life, posttraumatic growth, and disaster preparedness

with two samples of tornado survivors. Traumatology: An International

Journal, doi:http://dx.doi.org.ezproxy.loras.edu/10.1037/trm0000210

This article goes through how people are effected by tornadoes. Specifically, the psychological

effects. Those who experience natural hazards are more likely to be at risk for PTSD. This

article defines resilience as the ability to adapt to stressful or traumatic situations, maintaining

homeostatic psychological functioning despite the apparent risk factors for distress and impaired

functioning. This article states that disaster survivors tend to have higher resilience than

survivors of other forms of trauma. A predictive of resilience is the increased perception of

meaning or purpose in life as explained by Aiena. An added reason for the higher reciliencey in

those affected by disasters is the idea or community resilience. Usually after a disaster the

community and other communities come together to support one another. A study was conducted

to see the correlation between PTSD, resilience, post disaster stress and the purpose in life. The
study concluded that perceived meaning in life is a predictor of both resilience and PTG. A

second study was done and the results matched.

This can be helpful because this article also mentions how resilience is a process similar to

another article that I previously found. This article is also helpful because it explains PTG, which

is Posttraumatic growth. This refers to the positive psychological changes individuals go through

after a traumatic experience. I believe that PTG is very similar to resilience in some aspects.

I think this article is a good resource to use because it is similar to a previous article. Also this

article is helpful in looking at different traumatic events rather than death in the family. Using

this article could allow further discussion on what type of traumatic event to focus on. This

article also has two studies that can back up the information. I found this article helpful and

interesting to read. It provides examples and statistics that could be used.