Intro To Linguistics

Republic of the Philippines
Western Visayas
CAPIZ STATE UNIVERSITY
Main Campus
Fuentes Drive, Roxas City
College of Education
2nd Semester AY 2018-2019
Intro to Linguistics
Eng 103
Bea Nicole Yparroza Prof. Charess Joy Dela Cruz
BSED English 1-B Course Facilitator
1. List the different kind of speech acts and give 2 examples for each.
There are 3 types of speech act:

Locutionary speech act occurs when the speaker performs an utterance with a certain
meaning in traditional sence. Locutionary speech act has 2 types, utterance acts and
propositional acts.
Example: I warn you to stop smoking. (propositional act)

Oh! (utterance act)
Illocutionary speect act is the performance of the act of saying something with a
specific intention.
Example: One friend says to another, “I swear i won’t see Nicole again.”
A parent says to her child, “ You are grounded, i forbid you to leave your
room”
Perlocutionary speech act happens when what the speaker says has an effect on the
listener.
Example: “Please take care of the baby while im at work”

“Do your homework and pass it tomorrow”
2. List the types of maxims and give 2 examples for each.
There are 2 types of maxims:

Violating maxims means the speaker secretly breaks them or intentionally lying.
Example: Girl: Do you love me?

Cassanova Boy: Yes.
( Supposing the cassanova boy don’t really love the girl, it quitely violates
maxim of quality)
I have lots of money

( Actually the speaker is penniless and failed to tell the truth.)
Flouting maxims means overly breaking the maxims for some linguistic effect.
Example: Teacher: Wow! You are so early for the next class!
( He exploits the maxim of quality to be sarcastic.)
I married a tiger.
( Metaphoric expression, which means reffering to something in a non-
literal way.)
3. Briefly, what are the relevant semantic differences among the three sentences below?
a) German is the language of instruction in this class.
b) German is the pain the neck.
c) German is a language.
Sentence A in relevent to associative meaning in semantics expression has do with

connotative meaning, it conveys about the social circumstances of its use.
Sentence B in relevant to thematic meaning in semantic expression concerns itself with how
the order of words spoken affects the meaning that is entalled. The sentence is expressed by
the same symbol or also known as homonym.
Sentence C expressed hyponymous relationships, it denotes what class an object is a member
of.
4. The sentence The kinder teachers made sure that the students comprehended the testable
material contains both derivational and inflectional morphemes of English. Identify one
derivational morpheme and one inflectional morpheme from the sentence. List each
morphemes and its meaning or function below:
Morpheme Meaning/ Function
Derivational: kinder - er adjective
Inflectional: comprehended - ed verbs

5. For each of the three dipthongs symbolized below provide four more example words. In
two of these words the dipthong should appear in a closed syllable and the other two
words it should appear in an open syllable.
Closed Syllable Open Syllable

[ɔi] voice coin joy destroy
[aɪ] sight fight pie eye
[aʊ] found bow saw draw
6. Are the English dipthong tense or lax?
Yes, tense vowels can appear in both open and closed syllable, it is also called
long vowels. Where as lax vowels can appear only in closed syllable, lax vowels are
short.
7. Arabic speakers learning English often produce [b] where English requires [p],e.g., saying
“bark” instead of “park.”Describe the phonetic difference between [b] and [p].
The P and B sounds are produced in the same position of the mouth with the tongue, the
only difference is that the B sound is voiced and the P sound is voiceless. It means that the vocals
cords vibrate when say the letter B and the P use a puff of air to produce the sound.
8. We noted that English has approximately 40 phonemes but only 26 letters of the ordinary
alphabet to represent them. Illustrate with appropriate examples at least three ways in which the
English spelling system uses those 26 letters to represent its almost 40 phonemes.
Consonant Vowel
/p/ pill /t/ toe /g/ gill /i/ beet /I/ bit
/b/ bill /d/ doe /ɳ/ ring /e/ bait
/ϵ/bet /m/ mill /n/ no /h/ hot /u/ boot
/U/foot /f/ fine /s/ sink // uh-oh /o/
boat /ɔ/caught /v/ vine /z/ zinc /l/ low /æ/ bat
/a/pot /ϴ/ thigh /c/ choke /r/ row /^/but
/ə/sofa
/Ǒ/ thy /i/ joke /j/ you /aɩ/ bite /au/ out
/s/ shoe /k/ kill /w/ win /ɔɩ/ boy
9. Using the current grammar attached at the end of the test,draw PS trees for the following
sentence: Mary fixed the tires on the truck and the car.This sentence is ambiguous,so
draw a tree for each reading and give the appropriate reading with the tree.
sentence
prepositional phrase
Noun phrase
Verb phrase noun phrase
Noun phrase noun phrase noun phrase
determiner determiner determiner

noun verb noun preposition noun conjunction noun
Mary fixed the tires on the truck and the car
10. Circle the tree witch represents the appropriate structure for each word below. Explain
your answer.
Explanations:
a) Since drinkable is adjective, then un can be adjoined to the verb to make a sentence
be clear.
b) Since formulate is a verb, then the prefix re and suffix ed can be put to be
understood well.
c) Since sincer is an adjective, then the prefix in and suffix ity can be put, in order to
make the sentence be understood.

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Republic of the Philippines

Bea Nicole Yparroza Prof. Charess Joy Dela Cruz

BSED English 1-B Course Facilitator

There are 3 types of speech act:

Example: I warn you to stop smoking. (propositional act)

Example: “Please take care of the baby while im at work”

There are 2 types of maxims:

Example: Girl: Do you love me?

I have lots of money

Sentence A in relevent to associative meaning in semantics expression has do with

Morpheme Meaning/ Function

Derivational: kinder - er adjective

Inflectional: comprehended - ed verbs

Closed Syllable Open Syllable

6. Are the English dipthong tense or lax?

/s/ shoe /k/ kill /w/ win /ɔɩ/ boy

Noun phrase noun phrase noun phrase

determiner determiner determiner

Mary fixed the tires on the truck and the car

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