Urban Plans, Urban Designs,

Economic/Finance and Implementation Study

for Redevelopment of
the Nairobi Central Railway Station and its Surroundings

- Draft Final Report for MCA Workshop -

May. 2019
 Contents

01 Introduction of Project

02 Master Plan

03 Urban Design

04 Implementation Plan

Seoul Station, Republic of KOREA

 1. Introduction of Project

Nairobi Central Station, Kenya

 Introduction of the project
1. Project Location

PROJECT TITLE
Urban Plans, Urban Designs, Economic/
Finance and Implementation Study for
Redevelopment of the Nairobi Central
Railway Station and its Surroundings

LOCATION
Located in the center of Nairobi City
Surrounded by industrial area to the south
and CBD area to the north.

AREA
172ha

County Sub-County
Nairobi Starehe
Kamukunji
Makadara

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 Introduction of the project
1. Project Boundary
Project Boundary

East land

CBD

Project Area
:172ha(425acre)

Upper hill Industrial Area

Total : 172ha(425acre)
- KR land : 118ha (292acre) KRC land
- Non-KRC land : 33.4ha(133scre) Non KRC land

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 Introduction of the project
1. Initial Approach

Directions Economically Sustainable, Integrated Transportation,

Iconic Urban space, Inclusive Open city
Prime location
Historically, Nairobi central station represents the origin
of Nairobi. Strategically located on the 425 acres of land
Office, Mall, Commercial, in the very center of Nairobi next to Current CBD and
Mixuse
Mosque Upperhill, the city is positioned to act as new CBD area
Central as growth center and transportation hub.
Park
Administrative,
Conference, Hotel, Bus Terminal Integrated transportation Hub
Commercial,
Office zone New central station is designed to be multi-modal hub
Uhuru Bus Terminal
Railway HQ
in CBD ensure the seamless connection among
Park
Kenya TU Commuter rail, 3BRTs, Airport Limousine, City bus, and
Railway Museum
NMT like Bicycle. Truly urban gateway in Nairobi.

Golf
course
Diverse urban program
The Nairobi Railway city will include multi-modal transit
stations, mixed use/ commercial buildings, International
offices, SME cluster and high tech industry buildings,
residential buildings, community and government
Industrial
buildings, rich open space and plazas, and powerful
non-motorized/ pedestrian walkways. Such diverse
Nyayo Sports
Complex
urban program will generate 24 hour dynamic city.

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 2. Master Plan

Seoul Station, Republic of KOREA

 Master Plan
2. Final option setting

Progress towards Final option

[Vision] Railway City: Sustainable, Integrated and Iconic city for All

[4 pillars]
• Visioning workshop [Economy-Sustainable] [Transport-Integrated] [Urban space-Iconic] [Sociality-Inclusive]
“New Central Economic “ Global Gateway & “Green TOD with Iconic “Inclusive and open
zone” Central multi-modal hub” urban space” railway city”

[Schematic layout] [Network] [Program]

• Thematic group workshop
[Network + Program]

Outcome of Outcome of
Thematic group Thematic group
discussion discussion

[Planning Options] Option A Option B Option C

Final Option
8
 Master Plan
2. Final option setting

Progress towards Final option

Based on Previous 3 options

Same Goal But, Different Approach

- Accept the North South axis - Option A: Highlighting NS axis
- Link the East and West - Option B: Highlighting Central area
- TOD and multi-modal Hub - Option C: Highlighting EW linkage

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 Master Plan
2. Spatial layout

Spatial layout : 11 precincts diversify the city

• 3 Cores (MICE, Center and East) and Street commercial is core precinct of the city.
• Office, Housing, Commercial with KRC HQ, R&D, High tech industry geared into the city fabric.

Connect, impact to MICE Core

NCCG Extend to Moi Ave Muthurwa and East
of Movement

KICC

Center Core
Impact/
Correspondence East Core
to the Eastland
Financial
District Uhuru Highway
Future extention
of urban flow
Economic axis

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 Master Plan
2. Open space

Open Space and urban Amenities promote health

• Central Square and park is backbone of new city green structure.
• Urban amenities with green network promote live and vivid city landscape.
Public Square
To Nairobi River

Hospital
Community
Center
Extension Current KR HQ Central Park
To Uhuru park for public function
Public service
Government
TUK(Expansion) School
Central Square

Central park Potential extension

To old rail track
Outdoor
MICE Event
Waterfront
park

School

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 Master Plan
2. Seamless, Integrated and Linkage Network enhance the city moving

Network layer - Road and pedestrian

• 3 main linkages (Enterprise, workshop and commercial road) connect missing link of Nairobi CBD.
• BRT, Airport Limousine, E-hailed vehicle also integrated in Central station.
• NMT loop is the back bone of pedestrian movement of the city.
Transit Center
BRT Line
Main Road
NMT Loop To Eastleigh
Pedestrian Path

Kiss and Ride

To Uhuru park

To City staduim

Potential extension BRT

To old rail track

To Upperhill

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 Master Plan
2. Land use plan

Land use plan

Option Final
Classification
Area(㎡) Rate(%)
Residential 151,300 8.8
P Mixed use (Residential) 47,200 2.7
Mixed use (Commercial) 291,500 17.0
Mixed use(Office) 194,300 11.3
P MICE 73,900 4.3
High-tech Industrial 42,200 2.5
P
P Public Purpose 109,100 6.3
P
School 13,900 0.8
TUK(University) 43,700 2.6
P
Transport 36,500 2.1
P Parking lot(Building) 38,600 2.2

P Railway Utilities 70,700 4.1

Open Space 331,500 19.3
P Park and Plaza 160,300 9.3
Pedestrian Road 88,100 5.1
Buffer Zone 77,100 4.5
Water body
6,000 0.3
(Ngong river)

Road 275,400 16.0

Total 1,719,800 100.0

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 Master Plan
2. Land use plan

Single-Use housing (97%)

Mixed-Use Housing (80%) Mixed-Use Commercial (40%)
Mixed-Use Housing (40%) Mixed-Use Commercial (30%)
Mixed-Use Housing (30%) Mixed-Use Commercial (20%)
Mixed-Use Housing (20%) Mixed-Use Commercial (10%)
Mixed-Use Housing (10%) Mixed-Use Commercial (3%)

Housing plan Commercial plan

Substation Administrative facilities
Easy couch terminal

KR Head Office Community Center

TUK Expansion area

(proposal)

School

Hospital
Substation
Public Purpose

Office plan Public purpose

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 Master Plan
2. Transportation Plan

Directions

Railway as a TOD has the transport system as its back bone

• Key Transport functions

 Missing Links - improving accessibility and
Office, Mall, Commercial, connectivity between the CBD and other areas
Mosque Mixuse

Central
Park
 Public Transport Links and Facilities
Administrative,
Conference, Hotel,
Commercial,
Bus Terminal  Integrated Facilities – provision of multimodal hub.
Office zone
Uhuru Bus Terminal
Park Railway HQ  Mode Interaction and Facilities - improve
Kenya TU
interaction of motorized transport, NMT, public
Railway Museum
transport
Golf
course
 Ease congestion – on links around the Railway City,
especially Uhuru Highway, Haile Selassie Avenue,
Landhies Road

Industrial
 Provide Sustainable Transit Oriented Development
Nyayo Sports
Complex

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 Master Plan
2. Transportation Plan

Public Transport Network: BRT proposals

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 Master Plan
2. Transportation Plan

Proposed Trunk and Feeder system for Railway city

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 Master Plan
2. Transportation Plan

Transport Network: NMT Corridors

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 Master Plan
2. Transportation Plan

Transport Network: NMT Corridors

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 Master Plan
2. Transportation Plan

Mode interaction and Facilities : Proportion of Facilities provided

Mode Mode Share

Private Car 6.4%

Bus 32.0%

Walking 45.8%

Rail 16.0%

Total 100.0%

Dedicated Corridor Section Proportion Transit Type

Carriageway (Mixed Traffic) 25% MT

Bus Lanes 3% MT

Pedestrian Walkways (Roadside) 21% NMT

Pedestrian Corridor 28% NMT

Cycle Lanes 14% NMT

Streetlights, Kerbs, Benches etc. 9%

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 Master Plan
2. Transportation Plan

Mode interaction and Facilities : proposals

 Inter-modal Facility/Hub
 NMT Facilities – separate and
adequate lanes along highways for
cycles and pedestrians
 Wider NMT lane widths within
commercial areas
 Dedicated NMT corridor within the
Railway City
 Provision of wider NMT lanes
around market areas for hand carts
 Exclusive Bus and PSV (Taxi)
corridors in Station Vicinity; Drop
off only for motor vehicles
 BRT Priority Signalling
 Traffic calming measures on all
roads

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 Master Plan
2. Infrastructure Plan

Water supply
• Water Demand for the City is projected as 7,480 m3/da
y upon full development;
• Water recycling for flushing of the toilets is proposed at t
he MICE Core, Centre Core and Housing. The recycled w
ater will also be used to irrigate the green areas;
• Rain water will be collected and stored in the undergroun
d tank below the proposed railway station.

Sewerage
• The wastewater generation was estimated as 5,984
m3/day;
• This flow will be conveyed to two existing trunk sewer
s namely DN 1200mm Nairobi River Trunk Sewer and
DN 600mm Uhuru Highway Trunk sewer.

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 Master Plan
2. Infrastructure Plan
Power Supply
• Power demand for the New city is estimated at 133 MVA;

• Due to rapid growth of Nairobi City, the utility power

provider is coming up with a City Centre power substation of 2 x 200.0MVA, 220
/ 66kV within the project area near
the Kenya Railway footbridge;

• Comparing the power demand for new development of

133.00MVA, the city centre substation is adequate to
support the new development.
Power Substation
• Mitigation measures:
 Enhance power reliability through use of integrated solar
lighting and use of power saving appliances;
 Use of smart grid system technology – a self healing
technology.

Communication and Security services

• Communication infrastructures shall employ the use of fibre optic for
connectivity.
• For the new city surveillance services CCTV shall be employed
CCTV surveillance

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 Master Plan
2. Infrastructure Plan

State of Art infrastructure – Smart designs

• Several smart alternatives can be considered in the design of the New city
including the following:

 Utility tunnel system

• Services are accommodated in one accessible utility tunnel;
• New services are installed easily without requiring new
excavations and cutting;
• Enables easier tracing in case of faults and breakages.

 Grey water system

• Water efficient fixture (shower heads, taps);
• Water recycling for flushing of the toilets;
• It is easier and cheaper to treat and recycle grey water

 Sustainable energy solutions

• Use of integrated solar lighting system;
• Use of power saving appliances
• Use daylight natural lighting technology;
• Employing green building technology as a way of
minimizing 100% dependability on grid power supply.

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 Master Plan
2. Infrastructure Plan

Storm Water Drainage

• Propose to retain these two rivers as the main
outlets for storm water originating from railway
city;

• Storm water drainage facilities provided on both

sides of all the roads;

• Side drains to be covered concrete u-shaped

drains, allowing utilisation of the full width of the
transit corridors and to reduce cases of blockage
common with open channels;

• U-shape provide adequate capacity while taking

up less space than trapezoidal channels;

• Pipe and box culverts to be provided at crossing

points as determined by the hydraulic
requirements;

• Underground WATER TANK located at strategic

location to allow for rain water harvesting.

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 Master Plan
2. Social Plan
Essential social facilities list on the Railway city
Facility Population thre Demand existing Deficit Land size Suggestion
shold
Primary school 3,500 7 7 - 2.0ha Starehe consti. Oversupply .
But, 1 school (in Housing zone,1.39ha) to supplime
nt.
Secondary School 8,000 3 3 - 3.5ha Starehe consti. Oversupply .
Health center 10,000 2 3 2.0ha Area already served by 3 health centers in the site.
Hospital 330,000 0 - - var 1 Hospital
(level lII, 0ha)
Park 10,000 2 - 2 1.5ha x 2 Multiple parks (in sum, 16.6ha)
Community center 20,000 1 1* 0.5ha 1 community center (0.5ha)
Library 20,000 1 - 1 0.4ha 1 Library (in KR zone or public office)
Fire station 75,000 0 - - 0.4ha Already served with 2 fire staitons

Desirable social facility list in the Railway city

Facility Land Area(ha) location For the purpose of
Police station with fire fighting/ 2ha East core area For the security of the Railway city
Disaster response center
Kenya Railway Cultural center 6.15ha Kenya Railway zone Old headquarter building for new KR cultural cente
r, open to the public
TUK expansion area as University 4.37ha R&D zone near TUK Reflecting the idea of TUK expansion master plan

Kenya Railway Museum - Existing Railway station Sensitizing historical essence

Railway city company as the master developer will be responsible for ensuring an appropriate spread of essential social facilities across the city. In
accordance with physical planning handbook (2008), required space and threshold by population will be secured as much. In case of
inconsistency, the developer shall discuss with master developer with City Council. The residential population is estimated to be 27,534, and it
shall require the following essential facilities.

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 Master Plan
2. Social Plan
Proposed Interventions arising from the Environmental and Social Assessment for Railway City
Aspect Strategic Considerations for further study
Ecosystem Services Rehabilitation / restoration of polluted natural resources within the planning area
Measures to enhance ecosystem services within and around the project areas
Green Spaces Integration of green spaces in the planning area as well as specific measures to influence an increase of green spaces in
the larger eastern area and the CBD.
Surface Water Resources Determination of the causes of pollution as well as development of mechanisms / programs for clean-up of the river fo
r the long term
Education facilities To avoid a strain on the existing primary school facilities therefore, provision of public primary schools is important to s
erve the low-income primary school level population that may be introduced in the planning area.

Child Safety Considerations for safe spaces, related child safety / protection services and facilities as well as child friendly walkways
for children who walk to school should also be integrated to promote child safety within the planning area.

Inclusive Planning Integration of the needs of vulnerable groups including low income households, the urban poor, children as well as per
sons with disability in City Planning.
Economy and Informal Measures for formalisation of informal business and integration of this group into mainstream economic activities in th
Businesses e proposed railway city
Housing Provision of affordable housing for low income households and students
Physical cultural Show case existing physical cultural resources and further enhance them with spaces and monuments that demonstrat
resources e the identity of Nairobi and unique aspects of Kenyan Culture, for the benefit of future generations and visitors from f
oreign countries.

Public Participation Meaningful and responsive public participation for the Railway City Planning Process.

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 Song-Do CBD, Korea 4,153ha, 2009

3. Urban Design

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 Urban Design
3. Urban design Guideline setting
11 precinct

Meaning of the Precinct in Railway city

1. Precinct identity: Every precinct should ensure the “precinct identity” by specific urban program package, landscape
and urban atmosphere. It shall be controlled by Urban design Guideline.

2. Mixed use approach: Every precinct indicates a dominant function with other program. Especially, Commercial as
daytime, Housing as night time keeper.

3. Precinct developer: Every precinct could be developed by one “sub-master developer” as precinct developer.
(e.g, Master developer - Precinct developer – individual plot developer)

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 Urban Design
3. Urban design Guideline setting
11 precinct Kenya Railway zone New central station Station front commercial zone
- Open to public, cultural - Iconic and open structure - Long time approach
facilities - Integrated Transport mode - Historic sense (Wakulima, Old
R&D zone near TUK
- Historic senses (Old HQ, (BRT,Commuter,E-hailed and coffee mill, Easy Couch)
- Techno R&D
existing station) NMT) - 10f, Wakulima park
developer
- Synergy with TUK

East core
- Strategic area to
Street Commercial connect to eastland
- Connect 3 core, - Public
activity, anchor+private
commercial mixused (housing)
corridor - 8f, small park
- Small mixed use
developer
- Existing CBD
perception (plot
size, 3m setback)

MICE core
- MICE mixed use Center core High tech industry Housing
program INTL office - Mix use commercial - New industrial - Diverse type of Mid,
(hotel,convention, - Homogenous grid oriented, big size platform, promoting Affordable and Social
office, apartment) plot office zone for developer self- development housing
- With Ngong river, top tier companies. - With central park - With small park - With School
High rise (45f) - Small park, 25f - 20f - 10f - Small park , 12f

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 Urban Design
3. Urban design Guideline

Street commercial
Safe pedestrian area with diverse activity Typology: Plot sampling

20m: Public walkway with NMT

7.5m 5m 7.5m
45m x 58m

35m x 58m
Interaction with
street Secure 40 x 55m
openness

NMT Lane
3m setback

Street set back in Ground floor for

Commercial- friendly environment
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 Urban Design
3. Urban design Guideline setting

Station Front commercial area

Active commercial area with historical asset

Image of “Wakulima Park”

Early modern style structure
could provide monumental
structure of sun shading for
the small park.

Image of “Korean example”

Terrarosa Yangpyoung

Old coffee mill rehabilitated

“Kenyan coffee center”

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 Urban Design
3. Urban design Guideline setting

New Central Railway Station

“Truly African Gateway”
Moi Avenue
Location Character
• Locates the center of the city and
existing station area.
• Transit center for integration of BRT, to
airport limusine, Bus, Taxi and E-hailed,
and NMT station.
• Private vehicle also needs to be
considered for the elderly and
disabled, heavy luggage people. New Central Station
Dome
Spatial scheme Square
• Open building for the spatial Transit center #1
Transit center #2
continuity from Moi avenue, BRT/Bus/Taxi/Ehailed
BRT/Bus/Taxi/Ehailed
perceived as “gate way” to the new
city.
• Dome Square is in the middle by
Glass loop ceiling. MNT station #2 MNT station #1
• NMT station is also connected to the
transit center area.
Railway city
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 Urban Design
3. Urban design Guideline setting

Spatial scheme: Section Study

1. 1st basement secures the transit parking of the railway station , In and
outlet is separated from the main access road of the station.

2. 2nd Basement for water reservoir (Rain harvesting) which could be used
for grey water reuse, and secured the aqua quantity from the inflow from
lowered tracks.

• Mixuse building
• Glass ceiling
• Lowered railway

Access to
Central Station
Parking

2nd Basement
Water Harvesting Tank

Vehicle In and outlet

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 Urban Design
3. Urban design Guideline setting

Central Square and Park

Nairobi’s New Central Square
Location Character
• Central station accompany with sizable open space with greeneries
for station user convenience and be functioned as one of the Colone Hauptbahnhof (Central station, Germany)
symbolic public space in the host city.
• According to the location, central Square and park is the core
structure of public space in Railway city, which is also for the future
Nairobi Metropolitan spatial perspective.
Station Plaza
Spatial scheme
• It comprises some series of different spaces which is adapted for Dome Square
the future urban programs of surroundings.
• “Station Plaza”, “Dome Square”, “Central Square”, “Central Park” Central Square
and “NMT loop”.

Central Park

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 Urban Design
3. Urban design Guideline setting
Station Plaza Dome Square Central Square Central Park
Access to the Station Station itself Diverse event space Quiet resting place
Meeting/ Orientation/ Rainproof structure Formal/Informal, Suited/ Casual, Green/ Stone, Wooden deck
fast moving Youngster/ Eldery, Seated/ Stroll

Youngster’s
Playground

Station
Station Green

Building
Boulevard

Station
Hard paving Boulevard Avenue
Hard paving

Helipad

Public stage

Clock tower
Plaza Monument with
Monument with Water #3 Monument with
Monument with Water #2 Water #4
Water #1
Cultural event/
Informal Flea market

Monument makes Movement

Fast  Slow  Fast  Slow

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4. Implementation Plan

37
 Implementation Plan
4. Phasing and Cost

Earthwork

Item Cost (Ksh) percentage

Road & Pavement
Earthwork 1,737,913,000 6.23%
0.78% 1.35% 0.95%
Road & Pavement 2,015,715,000 7.22% Railway Infrastructure
0.72% (Lowered Tracks)
5.72% 6.23%
Railway Infrastructure 17,593,729,550 63.02% 7.22%
Water Supply

Water Supply 3,912,327,095 14.01% 14.01%

Stormwater
Stormwater 201,571,500 0.72%

Sewerage 218,718,135 0.78%

Sewerage

Main Power Supply Infrastructure 1,596,250,000 5.72%

63.02%
Main Power Supply
Power and Telecommunication Du
377,000,000 1.35% Infrastructure
cting
Power and
Landscape 264,800,000 0.95%
Telecommunication
total 27,918,024,280 100.00% Ducting
Landscape

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 Implementation Plan
4. Phasing and Cost

39
 Implementation Plan
4. Institution plan

Institution plan
• The governance and institutional framework section of the report covers the legal context of key project
components derived from the laws governing planning; the laws governing registration of land interests; and the
law governing transport.

• The Consultant also addresses the financing models for infrastructure projects from a legal view. Particular focus is
given to project finance and the most common modes of financing projects. The options covered include debt and
equity financing, bonds, PPP financing and public financing. The advantages and disadvantages of the different
modes of financing have been outlined for ease of comparison.

• Finally, the project governance and institutional framework options available for administration of the project are
drafted. The segment covers inter-ministerial committees and joint committees pursuant to the National
Government Coordination Act and under the Inter-governmental Relations Act. The segment also covers the
option of creating a special purpose vehicle under the State Corporations Act and under the Companies Act. The
advantages and disadvantages of the various options have been outlined. In the next stage, the Consultant shall
elaborate more on the financing models and framework, with Business plan development.

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THE NAIROBI RAILWAY CITY
– Sustainable, Integrated and Iconic city for All

Nairobi Railway city is the future

of Nairobi.
For preparing the great CBD of
Nairobi, the city is designed to be as
New central economic zone,
Integrated multimodal hub, Green
TOD with iconic urban space and
Inclusive and open Railway city.
 Bird’s Eye View

MICE core

Central station Housing area

 Asante Sana
(railwaycity@googlegroups.com)