Unit-2 Chemical and Mineral Admixtures

CE8404 – Concrete Technology
UNIT-II CHEMICAL AND MINERAL ADMIXTURES

PART A (TWO MARKS QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS)
1. Write any two advantages of adding mineral admixtures into concrete.

Nov/Dec 2017
In general, all mineral admixtures reduce bleeding of concrete. Admixtures with finer
particle size and higher specific surface area are suitable for preparing high density and
low permeability concrete.
2. Distinguish between chemical admixture and mineral admixture Jan 2013, 14

S.No. Chemical Admixture Mineral Admixture
Chemicals mixed with concrete It is a siliceous materials used to
ingredients and spread strengthen the durability properties that is
throughout the body of concrete classified as pozzolanic or cementitious
1. to favorably modify the molding materials. It acts as by-product agent.
and setting properties of
concrete mix known as chemical
admixtures.
2. Example: Conplast Example: Fly Ash
3. What is the purpose of adding an air-entraining admixture to concrete?

April/May 2018
Air-entraining admixtures cause small stable bubbles of air to form uniformly through a
concrete mix. The benefits of entraining air in the concrete include increased resistance to
freeze-thaw degradation, increased cohesion (resulting in less bleed and segregation) and
improved compaction in low-workability mixes.
4. What are the desirable properties of silica fume? April/May 2018

Silica fume, a very fine non-crystalline Sio2 is a byproduct of ferro-silicon industry. It is
made at a temperature of approximately 2000℃. Its size is about 0.1 µm. Compared to
cement; the particle size of silica fume is 2 orders finer.
5. What is the importance of water proofers added in cement concrete?

April/May 2017
Water infiltration causes major problems to a structure. Water damages a building first
cosmetically then structurally. The strength of concrete increases when less water is used
to make concrete. In order to make the structure leak proof, Water proofers are added in
cement concrete.
6. Define metakaoline April/May 2017

Metakaoline is refined kaolin clay that is fired (calcined) under carefully controlled
conditions to create an amorphous aluminosilicate that is reactive in concrete. Like other
pozzolans (fly ash and silica fume are two common pozzolans), metakaolin reacts with
the calcium hydroxide (lime) byproducts produced during cement hydration.
7. Write any two advantages of adding chemical admixtures in concrete.

Nov/Dec 2016
8. State the difference between gel pores and capillary pores Nov/Dec 2013
S.No. Gel Pores Capillary Pores
1.
2.
9. What is the importance of super plasticizers added in cement concrete?

Nov/Dec 2016
10. What are the factors affecting amount of air entrainment? Nov/Dec 2016
11. What are admixtures? Nov/Dec 2017

Admixtures are ingredients other than cement, fine aggregate and coarse aggregate to
improve the quality of concrete. The addition of an admixture may improve the concrete
with respect to its strength, hardness, workability, water resisting power etc.
12. Name any two chemical admixtures and their significance. Nov/Dec 2017
13. Define Chemical admixtures

Chemicals mixed with concrete ingredients and spread throughout the body of concrete to
favorably modify the molding and setting properties of concrete mix known as chemical
admixtures.
14. Define Mineral admixtures

It is a siliceous materials used to strengthen the durability properties that is classified as
pozzolanic or cementitious materials. It acts as by-product agent. E.g.: fly ash
15. What is Accelerators

Accelerators reduce the setting time and produce early removal of forms and speed up
hardening. The common accelerators are Cacl2, Al2cl, Nacl and Na2SO4.
16. What is the purpose of retarders?

Retarders increases the setting time of concrete mix and reduce the water cement ratio.
Up to 10% water reduction is achieved.
17. Define plasticizers

Plasticizers are defined as chemical admixtures added to wet concrete mix to impart
adequate workability properties.
18. Mention the types of plasticizers

The following are the three different types of plasticizers. They are as follows:
a. Finely divided minerals
b. Air entraining agents
c. Synthetic derivatives
19. Define Superplasticizers

Superplasticizers produce extreme workability and achieve reduction of water content
without loss of water cement ratio i.e. workability.
20. Mention few mineral admixtures

The following are some of the mineral admixtures used in concrete. They are used as
follows:
a. Fly ash
b. Silica fume
c. Rice husk ash (RHA)
d. Metakaoline
e. Ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS)
21. What are the various admixtures used other than chemical and mineral admixtures
The following are some of the admixtures used other than chemical and mineral
admixtures. They are as follows:
a. Gas forming admixtures
b. Pigments
c. Antifungal admixtures
d. Curing compounds
e. Sealants
f. Flooring
g. Guniting aids etc.,
22. Which property of concrete can be modified by the addition of accelerators?

Apr/May 2019
Setting time property, Workability of concrete can be modified by the addition of
accelerators to the concrete.
23. Write any two brand name of water proofing chemicals Apr/May 2019

Unit-2 Chemical and Mineral Admixtures

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CE8404 – Concrete Technology

UNIT-II CHEMICAL AND MINERAL ADMIXTURES

1. Write any two advantages of adding mineral admixtures into concrete.

2. Distinguish between chemical admixture and mineral admixture Jan 2013, 14

3. What is the purpose of adding an air-entraining admixture to concrete?

4. What are the desirable properties of silica fume? April/May 2018

5. What is the importance of water proofers added in cement concrete?

6. Define metakaoline April/May 2017

7. Write any two advantages of adding chemical admixtures in concrete.

9. What is the importance of super plasticizers added in cement concrete?

11. What are admixtures? Nov/Dec 2017

13. Define Chemical admixtures

14. Define Mineral admixtures

15. What is Accelerators

16. What is the purpose of retarders?

17. Define plasticizers

18. Mention the types of plasticizers

19. Define Superplasticizers

20. Mention few mineral admixtures

22. Which property of concrete can be modified by the addition of accelerators?

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