Lopamudra The Holy Mother
Lopamudra The Holy Mother
Lopamudra The Holy Mother
Lopamudra (Sanskrit: लोपामुद्रा) also known as Kaushitaki and Varaprada was a female
philosopher according to ancient Vedic Indian literature. She was the wife of the
sage Agastya who is believed to have lived in the Rigveda period (1950 BC-1100 BC) as many
hymns have been attributed as her contribution to this Veda. She was not only the consort of
Agastya but a Rishiki in her own right, as she was the well known rishiki who visualized the
"Panchadasi" mantra of the Sakta tradition of Hinduism.
There are three versions of Lopamudra' legend; one is in the Rigveda Hymns; the second is in
the epic Mahabharata (Vanaparva: Tirtha-yatra Parva), where there is an elaborate version with
a mention that Agastya Rishi did penance at Gangadwara (Haridwar), with the help of his wife,
Lopamudra (the princess of Vidarbha). According to legend, Lopamudra was created by sage
Agastya with the most graceful parts of animals such as eyes of the deer etc. and the third
version is Giridhara Ramayana.
The name Lopamudra signifies the loss (lopa) that the animals and plants suffered by giving their
distinctive beauties (mudra's) when Agastya created her. After creating her, Agastya gave
Lopamudra to the King of Vidarbha who was doing penance seeking for a progeny. Agastya had
created Lopamudra with the intention of marrying her. The king brought up Lopamudra as his
daughter. When she grew up, Agastya demanded her hand in marriage. Lopamudra agreed to
marry him and left the King's palace for his hermitage. However, after some time, she grew tired
of Agastya's austerity. She wrote hymn in the Rigveda, asking for his attention and love. The
hymn made Agastya realize his duties towards his wife. The couple had a son named Dridhasyu,
who became a poet.
Together with her husband she is also credited with spreading the fame of the Lalita
sahasranama (the thousand names of the Divine Mother). It is also believed that Agastya learnt
the hymns of Lalitha Sahasranama from Hayagriva who is an avatar of Lord Vishnu.
In Rigveda, hymns authored by 27 female rishis or rishikas reflect their success and progress as
women intellectuals. These hymns are presented under three headings. The first group has
hymns contributed by female rishis only such as by Vishwavara and Apale; Vishwavara's hymn is
dedicated to Agni while Apale's hymn is about Indra. In the second group some are attributed to
female rishis, particularly Lopamudra and Shashiyasi, wife of Taranta. Lopamudra's hymn has
six verses in particular which have her name tag and are dedicated to Goddess Rati. Her hymns
elaborate on the relationship between husband and wife in order to follow celibacy. Lopamudra is
credited to have composed hymn number 179 in the Rigveda. The third group of hymns, though
attributed to female rishis are not identified by any author and deal mostly with mythological
characters and representation of theoretical qualities. In Rigveda Agastya and Lopamudra are
considered as "mantra drashta" (seers who are discoverer of mantras).[10] She is also mentioned
in Yajurveda(17:11:36:20) Brihaddevtakara (4:57–59) and in Agama granthas,[11] and hailed as
"Mantradrika" (well versed in mantras) in Rigveda.