Curtain Wall

Project Name
Kiosk – Facade Verification
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NFEStructural Ltd
Cariocca Business Park, 2 Sawley Road, Manchester, M40 8BB
Incorporated in England No. 10926287
Table of Contents
1.0 Introduction & Loadings ................................................................................................................. 3
1.1 Introduction / Method of Analysis .................................................................................................. 3
1.2 Loadings .......................................................................................................................................... 3
2.0 Structural Materials ....................................................................................................................... 3
2.1 Aluminium ...................................................................................................................................... 3
2.2 Steel ................................................................................................................................................ 3
3.0 Structural element and summary .................................................................................................... 4
3.1 Mullion Verification ........................................................................................................................ 4
3.2 Transom Verification ....................................................................................................................... 5
3.3. Head Bracket .................................................................................................................................. 7
4.4.1 Cill Bracket ............................................................................................................................ 9
4.2.1 Rainscreen Bracket .............................................................................................................. 11
4.2.1 Window Fixing ..................................................................................................................... 13
Appendix A - SFS intec Fastener Capacities................................................................................................. 16
NFEStructural Ltd
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1.0 Introduction & Loadings
1.1 Introduction / Method of Analysis
The following assessment of a roof light support to CLEARLINE drawings is carried out using manual
calculation methods.
NB: Glass Calculation by others to be included in this Documentation
1.2 Loadings
Dead Load:
The dead load here is based on the density of glass (25000N/m3) and an overall glass thickness of 16mm.
The potential snow load in combination with the dead load is not design governing here.
Wind Load:
The max wind load considered here is 1.76kN/m2 obtained from previous wind load calculations carried
out for this project converted from zone A wall wind loads to zone F roof wind load (see separate report
M1810 White City One – London Wind Load Calculations)
2.0 Structural Materials
2.1 Aluminium
2.1 Aluminium 6082 Alloy T6
Bending and overall yielding (po) 260 N/mm2

Local tension/compression (pa) 280 N/mm2
Shear (pv) 130 N/mm2
Aluminium properties
Density: 2700kg/m3
Young’s Modulus: 70000N/mm²
Co-efficient of linear thermal expansion: 23 x 10-6 per oC
2.2 Steel
2.2 Steel S275
Bending and overall yielding (po) 275 N/mm2

Local tension/compression (pa) 290 N/mm2
Shear (pv) 150 N/mm2
Steel properties
Density: 7850kg/m3
Young’s Modulus: 205000N/mm²
Co-efficient of linear thermal expansion: 12 x 10-6 per oC
NFEStructural Ltd
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3.0 Structural element and summary
3.1 Mullion Verification

Mullion Properties (SCHUCO Ref 326260 175mm)
Section properties Ixx (mm4) Wx,pl (mm3) As (mm2)

Mollion 7310000.00 759800.00 1760
Insert 2822000 33800
Material properties fy (N/mm2) E (N/mm2)

Aluminium 6063 Alloy T6 160 70000
Steel S275 275 2100000
STRUCTURAL DESIGN
Varaiable:
Horizontal cross centres X= 1500 mm
Span /Fixing centres L= 3475 mm
Span Situation Single Span
Deflection limit, span/ span / 300 .+5
Wind load qk = 1.01 kN/m2
Selfweight gk = 10 kg/m2
Variable Action Safety Factor γQ = 1.5
Bending and Shear Strength

Moment capacity: Mx,Rd = fy x Wxpl = 121568000 Nmm
Shear capacity: Vx,Ed =Av x fy /√3 = 152064 N
Bending and Shear Actions

Wind UDL WULD = 1.1 x qk x X = 1.06 kN/m
Wind total load WT = WUDL x L = 3.80 kN
Bending moment Mx,Ed =0.125 x (WT  γQ L)= 2564743.5 Nmm
Shear force Vx,Ed = 0.5* (WT  γQ  = 2849.715 N
Bending and Shear Check

Bending Moment Ratio BmRATIO = Mx,Ed / Mx,Rd = 0.02109719 PASS
Shear Ratio VRATIO = Vx,Ed / Vx,Rd = 0.04685059 PASS
Combined Mx,Ed / Mx,Rd + Vx,Ed / Vx,Rd = 0.07 <1 PASS
NFEStructural Ltd
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Lateral buckling here is considered due to transom centres of max 2200mm as ok without further proof.
Deflection
Deflection limit L/δ L/δ = (C17/C19)+5 mm
Deflection δ = (5qkXL )/(384Iyy) =
4
7.21757014 mm PASS
3.2 Transom Verification
Section Properties
Moment of Inertia Ixx = 5096500 mm4
Moment of Inertia Iyy = 480100 mm4
Centroid of Inertia Wx,pl = 52040 mm3
Centroid of Inertia Wy,pl = 19200 mm3
Section Area As = 115700 mm2
Material properties
Material (select)
Yield Strength fy = 160 N/mm2
Elastic Modulus E= 70000 N/mm2
Glass Properties
Selfweight of glass g= 25000 kg/m2
Density of glass ρ= 25000 N/m3
Glass thickness tg = 0.012 m
Framing weight fw = 50 N/m2
Total weight of the Glass gk = ρ x tg x fw = 350 N/m2
STRUCTURAL DESIGN
Varaiable:
Transom Spacing: X= 2200 mm
Transom Span L= 1500 mm
NFEStructural Ltd
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Glass Support a= 100 mm
Wind load qk = 1.44 kN/m2
Variable Action Safety Factor γQ = 1.5
Permanent Action Safety Factor γG = 1.35
Bending and Shear Actions

Max wind Load on the transom W = qk x X x L = 3591.00 N
Max Dead Load at support P = (gk x L x X)/2 = 436.4 N
Moment applied xx Mx,Ed = γQ x W´ L/6 = 852862.5 Nmm

58914.84
Moment applied yy
My,Ed = γQ x P x a = 4 Nmm
Shear applied xx Vx,Ed = γQ x W/2 = 2693.25 N

Shear applied yy Vy,Ed = γQ x P = 589.1 N
Bending and Shear Strength

Shear area: Av = 115700 mm2
Moment capacity xx: Mx,Rd = fy x Wx.pl = 8326400 Nmm
Moment capacity yy: My,Rd = fy x Wy,pl = 3072000 Nmm
Shear capacity xx: Vx,Rd =Av x fy /√3 = 10687908 N

Shear capacity yy: Vy,Rd =Av x fy /√3 = 10687908 N
Bending and Shear Check

0.102428
Bending Moment Ratio BmRATIO.xx = Mx,Ed / Mx,Rd = 7 PASS
Bending Moment Ratio BmRATIO.yy = Mx,Ed / Mx,Rd = 0.019178 PASS
Shear Ratio VRATIO.xx = Vx,Ed / Vx,Rd = 0.000252 PASS

Shear Ratio VRATIO.yy = Vy,Ed / Vy,Rd = 5.512E-05 PASS
Combined Mx,Ed /Mx,Rd + My,Ed /My,Rd + Vx,Ed /Vx,Rd +Vy,Ed /Vy,Rd = 0.12 <1 PASS
NFEStructural Ltd
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3.3. Head Bracket
Structural Model
The head bracket comprises of 2no 304/60... 6mm

thick 100mm long steel angles.
The fixing to the concrete building structure is via
2no 10mm expansion anchors.
The attachment to the mullion is via a M12 A2 70
through bolt in slot holes.
The max shear to the bolt is: 3800N
The capacity of a M12 A2 70 bolt is:
83mm2 x 311N/mm2 = 25813N > 3800N so ok
Dimensions & Loading
The max lateral load of 3753N as calculated above

is assigned to the mullion attachment bolt as 2no
point loads of 1900N each as shown on the left.
Max Stress in Bracket
The max stress here is: 46N/mm2 < 275N/mm2 so

ok.
NFEStructural Ltd
Page | 7
Max Reactions @ Fixings The max tensile force to the fastener is: 2.5kN
See COMPUFIX analysis below for anchor design.
Use FAZ II 10/20 anchor as shown above. Recommended torque setting: 45Nm.
NFEStructural Ltd
Page | 8
4.4.1 Cill Bracket
Structural Model
The cill bracket comprises of a 175mm x 170mm x
6mm aluminium plate with a min 150mm long
mullion specific spigot Ref.326270 as above
welded to it via continuous 3mm fillet weld.
The fixing to the concrete plinth is via 2no 10mm
expansion anchors.

is assigned to a 20mm lever at the spigot as 2no
The vertical dead load is system stabilising and
conservatively ignored here for the lateral forces.
The dead load of 2346N is transferred via a M12
A2 70 through bolt from the mullion to the spigot.
The max factored bearing pressure to the 2.2mm
thick mullion ply is: 2346N/(12mm x 2.2mm) x 0.5
x 1.5 = 67N/mm2 < 175N/mm2 so ok.
The shear capacity of the bolt is > 25000N so ok
The max factored stress here is: 36N/mm2 x 1.5 =

54N/mm2 < 160N/mm2 so ok.
The min capacity for heat treated Aluminium 6063
T6 is: 60N/mm2
The max factored stress in a HAZ is26N/mm2 x 1.5
= 39N/mm2 < 60N/mm2 so ok.
NFEStructural Ltd
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Max reaction @ Fixings
The max shear force to the fastener is: 1.9kN
The max tensile force to the fastener is: 0.51kN
See COMPUFIX analysis below for anchor design.
NFEStructural Ltd
Page | 10
4.2.1 Rainscreen Bracket
Structural Model
The bracket comprises of 1no 124/80... 4.8mm
thick 100mm long steel angle.
The fixing to the SFS section is via 2no 5.5mm self
drilling screws.
The attachment to the secondary rainscreen panel
rail is via 2no 5.5mm self drilling screws.

is assigned to the rail attachment screws as 2no
The tributary dead load calculates as follows:
Max dead load of rainscreen cladding: 250N/m2.
Tributary area: 1.05m x 1.03m = 1.08m2
Dead load per bracket: 1.08m2 x 250N/m2 = 270N
Assigned as 2no point loads of 135N each to the
rail attachment screws as shown.
The max factored stress here is: 128N/mm2 x 1.5 =

192N/mm2 < 275N/mm2 so ok.
Max Reactions @ Fixings
NFEStructural Ltd
Page | 11
The max tensile force to the fastener is: 1600N
The max shear force to a fastener is: 150N
See stainless steel screw data sheet below for

verification.
Pull out capacity: 4037/1.4 = 2884N > 1600N so ok

The shear capacity of the screw in > 2mm steel is > 3623/1.4= 2588N > 150N so ok.
NFEStructural Ltd
Page | 12
4.2.1 Window Fixing
4.2.1 Overview
Position fixings as indicated above. Min 150mm from the corners evenly distributed.
The max tributary area for a fixing is: 0.75m x 0.70m = 0.525m2
So the max reaction to a fixing is: 0.525m2 x 1.44kN/m2 = 0.756kN = 756N
Fixing Detail
4.0mm thick steel angle fixed via 2no

4.8mm screws to window frame and via
4no 5.5mm screws to SFS section.
See bracket assessment below.
NFEStructural Ltd
Page | 13
Window Bracket
Structural Model
The bracket comprises of 1no 145/20... 4.0mm
thick 80mm long steel angle.
The fixing to the SFS section is via 4no 5.5mm self
drilling screws.
The attachment to the window frame via 2no
4.8mm self drilling screws.
The max lateral load of 756N as calculated above is

assigned to the mullion attachment bolt as 2no
The max stress here is: 120N/mm2 < 275N/mm2 so

ok.
NFEStructural Ltd
Page | 14
Max Reactions @ Fixings
The max tensile force to the fastener is: 891N
See screw data sheet below for verification.
Pull out capacity: 4037/1.4 = 2884N > 891N so ok
The max dead load of the window is: 1.50m x 1.70m x 450N/m2 = 1148N
There are 2no window cill brackets supporting the dead load.
The brackets are not subject to bending.
Each bracket is fixed via 4no 5.5mm screws to the stud flange.
The max shear to each screw is: 1148N/8 = 144N
The shear capacity of the screw in > 2mm steel is > 3623/1.4= 2588N > 144N so ok.
See Appendix A - SFS intec Fastener Capacities
NFEStructural Ltd
Page | 15
Appendix A - SFS intec Fastener Capacities
NB: For the calculation of the fastener capacity the material

safety value and the factored load of 1,4 were included.
NFEStructural Ltd
Page | 16

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Project Name

Kiosk – Facade Verification

Revision Generated by Date Reviewed by Date Comment

1.1 Introduction / Method of Analysis

2.0 Structural Materials

2.1 Aluminium 6082 Alloy T6

Bending and overall yielding (po) 260 N/mm2

2.2 Steel S275

Bending and overall yielding (po) 275 N/mm2

3.1 Mullion Verification

Section properties Ixx (mm4) Wx,pl (mm3) As (mm2)

Material properties fy (N/mm2) E (N/mm2)

Bending and Shear Strength

Bending and Shear Actions

Bending and Shear Check

3.2 Transom Verification

Bending and Shear Actions

Moment applied xx Mx,Ed = γQ x W´ L/6 = 852862.5 Nmm

Shear applied xx Vx,Ed = γQ x W/2 = 2693.25 N

Bending and Shear Strength

Shear capacity xx: Vx,Rd =Av x fy /√3 = 10687908 N

Bending and Shear Check

Shear Ratio VRATIO.xx = Vx,Ed / Vx,Rd = 0.000252 PASS

The head bracket comprises of 2no 304/60... 6mm

Dimensions & Loading

The max lateral load of 3753N as calculated above

Max Stress in Bracket

The max stress here is: 46N/mm2 < 275N/mm2 so

See COMPUFIX analysis below for anchor design.

Dimensions & Loading

Max Stress in Bracket

The max factored stress here is: 36N/mm2 x 1.5 =

The max tensile force to the fastener is: 0.51kN

See COMPUFIX analysis below for anchor design.

Dimensions & Loading

The max lateral load of 1721N as calculated above

Max Stress in Bracket

The max factored stress here is: 128N/mm2 x 1.5 =

Max Reactions @ Fixings

The max shear force to a fastener is: 150N

See stainless steel screw data sheet below for

Pull out capacity: 4037/1.4 = 2884N > 1600N so ok

So the max reaction to a fixing is: 0.525m2 x 1.44kN/m2 = 0.756kN = 756N

4.0mm thick steel angle fixed via 2no

See bracket assessment below.

Dimensions & Loading

The max lateral load of 756N as calculated above is

Max Stress in Bracket

The max stress here is: 120N/mm2 < 275N/mm2 so

The max tensile force to the fastener is: 891N

See screw data sheet below for verification.

Pull out capacity: 4037/1.4 = 2884N > 891N so ok

See Appendix A - SFS intec Fastener Capacities

NB: For the calculation of the fastener capacity the material

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