The Importance of Soft Skills: Emotional Intelligence: 4Ss of EI
The Importance of Soft Skills: Emotional Intelligence: 4Ss of EI
The Importance of Soft Skills: Emotional Intelligence: 4Ss of EI
The concept of Emotional Intelligence was originated in 1960s in literary criticism (Van
Ghent 1961), and psychiatry (Leuner, 1966). Two decades later, it was more exclusively used
in a dissertation (Payne, 1986). It was further developed by two US psychologists, Peter
Salovey and John Mayer in 1990. They also editorialized for its further study (Mayer &
Salovey, 1993). According to Mayer & Salovey, Emotional Intelligence (EI/EQ) refers to a
learned ability to perceive, understand and express our feelings accurately and to control
our emotions so that they work for us, not against us. So, EI is a learned ability: (1) to know
how you and others feel and what to do about it, (2) to know what feels good and what
feels bad and how to get from bad to good and (3) to possess emotional awareness,
sensitivity and the management skills that will help us to maximize our long-term happiness
and survival.
Evidently, Daniel Goleman modernized the notion of emotional intelligence and ‘emotional
quotient’ (EQ). The discussion of EQ often begins with an emotional challenge from
Aristotle: ‘Anyone can become angry–that is easy. But to be angry with the right person, to
the right degree, at the right time is very difficult'. (Emotional Intelligence and Effective
Leadership by Bano Fakhra Batool, Superior University, Journal of Business Studies Quarterly,
2013, Volume 4, Number 3, ISSN 2152-1034). The diagram below states the 5 elements of
emotional intelligence by Daniel Goleman:
1
How 'emotion' is associated with 'intelligence'?
Emotions govern often signal, motivated responses to situations (Darwin, 1872/1998,
Ekman, 2003, Izard, 1993, Spinozo 1675/1959). At present, psychologists agree that
'emotion' is energy. It depends on an individual how he/she uses it. It means that he can use
it negatively or he can use it positively. Either way his emotion is reflected in his behavior
through a simple process of reflection. The simple process is explained in the following flow-
chart:
Think/Thought(s)/Stimulus
(Thinking causes his feelings)
Act/Action(s)/Behavior
(Whatever he feels for his thought(s), it becomes visible in his behavior unless he controls
it or pretends that he is reacting or responding differently)
Now in order for us to use our emotion intelligently we are discussing 4Ss of Emotional Intelligence:
(1) Self-Awareness
(2) Social-Awareness
(3) Self-Management
(4) Social Skills
Self-Awareness : Social Awareness :
-understanding own emotion -having respect for others in and around society
-recognizing the impact of the emotion (s) -having empathy for all
-awareness of own strength and weakness -creating organizational awareness
-building self confidence -focusing on service orientation
-looking for logical explanation for any action -using the right attitude even using 'no' positively
Self-Management : Social Skills :
-controlling bad emotions -influencing people by dint of effective communication
-practicing adaptability -managing conflict and helping others to develop
-converting negative energy in the positive one -inspirational leadership
-celebrating 'achievement' and planning for overcoming failures -acting as change catalyst
-maintaining optimism -team work for synergic impact
How to use 4Ss: (Practise, Practise and Practise)
Once we are aware of our emotion with the help of ‘Self-Awareness’ tool, we can control
our feelings and behavior by managing ourselves. When we manage our emotions we can
easily take care of the emotion, feelings and behavior of our people who come in contact
with us. We call it ‘Social Awareness’. Gradually we can become more and more productive
if we use our right social skills properly. That is how we can have many benefits of 4Ss of
emotional intelligence. A person who can use these 4Ss is called ‘Emotionally Intelligent’.
2
Why is EQ/EI so important?
5%
5% 85%
PQ
5%
Physical
Intelligence
Physical Fitness
Goleman and Boyatzis developed a model where they found 19 competencies in Emotional
Intelligence. Each cluster has minimum 3 and maximum 7 competencies. Self-awareness has
three (3) competencies: (1) Emotionally self- aware, (2) accurate self-assessment and
(3) self-confidence. Self-management has six (6) competencies: (1) managing own emotions,
(2) transparency, (3) adaptability, (4) achievement, (5) initiative and (6) optimism. Social
awareness has three (3) competencies: (1) empathy, (2) awareness of organization and
(3) service. Finally, Social Relationship Skill has seven (7) competencies such as (1) inspired
leadership, (2) influence, (3) change catalyst, (4) managing conflict, (5) building bonds by
developing others, (6) teamwork and (7) collaboration
Final words:
Emotion is the most powerful thing a person possesses. The rate of success depends on an
individual how he/she uses it. Study on many successful personalities proves that ‘Emotional
Intelligence’ is the key to his/her success. The more intelligently we use our emotion, the
more successes we can welcome in our beautiful life. Emotional Intelligence’ gives us
choices-Productive or Unproductive and Good or Bad. Now it is our turn to choose the right
thing intelligently and become emotionally intelligent.