School counselors should possess the

Roles, Functions and -

knowledge, abilities, skills and attitudes
Competencies of a Counselor necessary to monitor and evaluate the processes
and results of a school counseling program
Guidance Counselor aligning with the ASCA National Model.
Jhasmin De Castro
Career Opportunities &
 Guidance counselors help students develop the Areas of Specialization of
academic and social skills necessary to lead
successful lives. They observe students in the Counselors
classroom and at play to assess their knowledge and Kryzel Anne D. Cortez and Yhama Mhae V. Fadul
abilities, help them develop academic and career
goals, and provide interventions that address COUNSELING
shortcomings.  A process of guiding a person during a stage of
life when reassessments or decisions have to be
ROLES AND FUNCTIONS made about himself and his life course.
 Carry out individual and group counseling  A purposeful conversation; willingness of a
 Plan motivational program for students and staff person to assist someone to reflect on and
 Help the student to understand inner self and his resolve a problem in a living.
social relationship
 Help the students to maximize his potential and COUNSELOR
capability  They are trained to assist people who are
 Aid individuals in efficient decision making struggling with a variety of problems in their
 Bring about changes in the attitude and behavior of lives, from marital or family difficulties to career
individuals or financial issues. These professionals help
people manage stress, adopt new habits, skills
ASCA SCHOOL COUNSELOR COMPETENCIES and perspectives that will help them make good
1. School Counseling Programs decisions, and overcome specific problems.
- School counselor should possess the knowledge,
abilities, skills, and attitudes necessary to plan, Why Specialize?
organize, implement and evaluate a PROS
comprehensive, developmental, results-based  Intimacy and familiarity with the topic and issue
school counseling program that aligns with the at hand
ASCA National Model.  Provide proper guidance and education to other
2. Foundations counselors
- School counselors should possess the CONS
knowledge, abilities, skills and attitudes  Less marketable
necessary to establish the foundations of a  At risk on becoming unfulfilled professionally
school counseling program aligning with the
ASCA National Model.
3. Management COUNSELING SPECIALTIES
- School counselors should possess the Marriage and Family Counselor
knowledge, abilities, skills and attitudes  Helping people work on their relationships.
necessary to manage a school counseling Marriage and family therapists offer guidance to
program aligning with the ASCA National Model. couples and families who are dealing with issues
4. Delivery that affect their mental health and the well-
- School counselors should possess the being of the whole family.
knowledge, abilities, skills and attitudes
necessary to deliver a school counseling Career Counselor
program aligning with the ASCA National Model.  Help people to gain awareness of personal skills
5. Accountability and values, generate career and educational
 options, clarify, set, and meet reasonable goals,  is a developing area of expertise in counseling
and cope with career challenges and transitions. profession. The counseling strategies focus on
helping children and adolescents acquire coping
Rehabilitation Counselor skills through promotion of resiliency positive
 People with disabilities face challenges that attachment relationship, emotional and
require creative solutions. Whether a person has intellectual intelligence, and other qualities that
a physical, mental or emotional disability, promote optional development.
rehabilitative counseling helps them achieve
personal and professional goals, and lead their Group Counselor
lives more freely.  It is the dynamic field in the counseling
Mental Health Counselor profession. Group counseling as a practice can
 They are often one of the first helping be located in most counseling programs and
professionals available to people in need of became the essential part of counselor’s system.
emotional and psychological support. They help
their clients learn how to make healthy decisions
about themselves, their relationships and their
futures. Offer guidance to individuals, couples,
families and groups that are dealing with issues Responsibilities and
that affect their mental health and well-being.
Accountability in Guidance
Substance Abuse Counselor
 Support people with drug and alcohol
Counseling
Jillian Belaro
addictions, eating disorders and other behavioral
issues. They are compassionate and patient
RESPONSIBILITIES
problem-solvers, and there are many job
 As their profession is largely people-focused,
opportunities and great projected job growth for
guidance counselors must have a high level of
this field.
compassion and empathy when dealing with
students, especially those undergoing touch or
School Counselor
stressful situations.
 They are advocates for students’ well-being, and
 They must also possess excellent interpersonal
are a valuable resource for their educational and
skills, as their role will typically encounter
personal development. They help students work
various people of all backgrounds and
through issues such as bullying, disabilities, low
personalities.
self-esteem, poor academic performance, social
 As much of their work involves helping others,
anxiety, problems with authority or problems at
they must also have sharp communication and
home.
listening skills in order to identify the needs of
Military Counselor
the individual.
 They help people uncover their strengths and
 Guidance counselors are also required to be
resources to solve immediate issues. A military
highly analytical, as they may regularly perform
counselor will help the service member find ways
assessments to determine the skills and
to adapt to this extremely difficult job.
academic levels of students. They must then be
able to interpret this information in order to
Gerontologist
match student abilities and interests to potential
 might find themselves counseling older adults,
careers.
challenging common misconceptions about the
aging, researching the effects of aging or
ACCOUNTABILITY
diseases that affect older adults, teaching in a
 “Accountability requires systematically collecting,
university setting, or advocating for better
analyzing, and using critical data elements to
services and care for the aging.
understand the current achievement story for
students, and to begin to strategize, impact, and
Child and Adolescent Counselor
 document how the school counseling program Pass the Marriage and Family Therapy Exam
contributes toward supporting student success” Many states also require you to take and pass the exam
(Stone & Dahir, 2003, p. 214). given by the Association of Marital and Family
 Accountability within an educational system Therapy Regulatory Boards (AMFTRB).
typically refers to whether or not a person or
program is making a positive impact in areas REHABILITATION COUNSELLOR
such as test scores, attendance, retention, • Provide individual and group counselling to
dropout rates, grades, and success in more help clients adjust to their disability
difficult academic curriculums. • Evaluate clients’ abilities, interests, experience,
 School counselors need to show that their skills, health, and education
programs are making a difference in their • Develop a treatment plan in consultation with
students’ lives (Gysbers, 2004). This means other professionals, such as doctors, therapists,
evaluating the program as a whole and and psychologists
evaluating the different programs within the • Create rehabilitation or treatment plans
curriculum. According to Astramovich and Coker based on clients’ values, strengths, limitations,
(2007), program evaluation happens before and goals
accountability because program evaluation helps • Arrange for clients to obtain services, such as
counselors plan, implement, and refine their medical care or career training
counseling practices. Accountability is a way to • Help employers understand the needs and
provide information to the different stakeholders abilities of people with disabilities, as well as
within the school and community to laws and resources that impact people with
demonstrate the effectiveness of the different disabilities
counseling services. • Assist clients in creating strategies to develop
their strengths and adjust to their limitations
MARRIAGE AND FAMILY COUNSELLOR • Locate resources, such as wheelchairs or
Some types of issues that marriage and family therapists computer programs, that help clients live and
treat include: work more independently
• Child and adolescent behavioral problems • Monitor clients’ progress and adjust the
• Grieving rehabilitation or treatment plan as necessary
• Depression and anxiety • Advocate for the rights of people with
• LGBTQ issues disabilities to live in the community and work in
• Domestic violence the job of their choice
• Infertility
• Marital conflicts MILITARY COUNSELLOR
• Substance abuse • Frequently meet with soldiers attempting to
• Observe how people interact within units overcome substance abuse and other
• Evaluate and resolve relationship problems destructive behaviors, cope with grief and
• Diagnose and treat psychological disorders anxiety, and resolve marital problems.
within a family context • Recommend stress management techniques
• Guide clients through transitional crises such as and other strategies, so soldiers not only cope
divorce or death with problems, but eliminate them as well.
• Highlight problematic relational or behavioral • The military offers numerous opportunities for
patterns qualified counsellors. Military counsellors are
• Help replace dysfunctional behaviors with usually assigned duties matching their
healthy alternatives qualifications. Certain branches of the military
• Take a holistic (mind-body) approach to wellness sponsor training programs for aspiring
counsellors. Counsellors are hired by the
Get a Bachelor’s Degree military to assist service members and their
Earning an undergraduate degree in psychology is the families.
first step toward becoming a therapist or counsellor. • Spend a lot of time assisting soldiers' family
members struggling to cope with multiple
 deployments and other military-related issues.
Angry children separated from their parents for
long periods of time sometimes become
Clientele and Audiences in
bullies, abuse drugs, or struggle with other Counseling
behavioral problems.
John Rojell Y. Elizaga
• Counsellors also work frequently with
soldiers returning from combat and
CHARACTERISTICS OF CLIENTELE AND AUDIENCES
transitioning back to the civilian world. Most
Neurotic - is a long-term tendency to be in a
soldiers struggle to make this transition since
negative emotional state. People with neuroticism
they spend a considerate amount of time
tend to have more depressed moods they suffer
reflecting on their experiences or coping with
from feelings of guilt, envy, anger, and anxiety more
depression.
frequently and more severely than other individuals.
Neuroticism is the state of being neurotic.
GERONTOLOGISTS
• Examining the condition of patients and
Psychotic - are severe mental disorders that cause
analyzing their needs.
abnormal thinking and perceptions. People with
• Planning treatment and providing it to the
psychoses lose touch with reality. Two of the main
respective patient.
symptoms are delusions and hallucinations
• Keeping an eye on their medical condition.
• Reviewing progress and upgrading the
Personality Disorder - it involves long-term
prescribed treatment as per the requirement.
patterns of thoughts and behaviors that are
• Educating the patients’ family and employer
unhealthy and inflexible. The behaviors cause serious
about their needs and how to provide
problems with relationships and work. People with
adequate medical care to them.
personality disorders have trouble dealing with
everyday stresses
SERVING AS A COMMUNITY RESOURCE
Older adults often do not understand the
NEEDS OF CLIENTELE AND AUDIENCES
services that are provided by governmental or
• Be genuinely engaged in therapeutic claims
private agencies, and a counsellor can let them
• Have unconditional positive regard for the client
know about healthcare or social services that can
• Feel empathy for the client
help them enjoy an active and independent
• Clearly communicate these attitudes
lifestyle.
TYPES OF CLIENTELE AND AUDIENCES
PROVIDING INDEPENDENT CONSULTATION
• People who abuse drugs
SERVICES
• People who abuse alcohol
The loss of personal relationships through the
• People who abuse tobacco
aging process can cause depression and other
• People with AIDS
mental health conditions that respond to
• Women
counselling. Aging adults face an onslaught of
• Older Adults
changes that are beyond their control, and
• LGBTQIA+
gerontological counsellors can help them accept
• Victims of Abuse
change as a part of life.
The Social Work Policy Institute at addresses Settings, Processes,
issues related to providing services in
community organizations as well as in senior Methods, and Tools in
living centers. Concerns about personal
health, financial resources and isolation are
Guidance Counseling
Lanz Paolo DR. Agcolicol, Fidel Louis B. Cenidoza,
constant among some of the aging
Razelle Camille Samiling
population as they represent serious
problems.
 Counseling settings vary widely but the processes, Apart from their counselling roles, school counselors are
methods, and tools used by counselors are very also assigned non-counselling roles. There can range
similar. Counseling professionals in government from:
setting work with various government agencies that 01. Part-time teaching
have counseling services such as: 02. Secretarial responsibilities
• Social welfare 03. Substituting teachers (when not available)
• Correctional department 04. Lunch duty
• The court system 05. Other responsibilities
• Child and women affairs services 06. Assigned by the administrators and staff looking
• Schools for extra assistance
• Military
• Police  Non-counselling tasks can take a considerably
• Mental and foster homes, and amount of time and pull counselors away from
• Rehabilitation centers more appropriate counselling activities. Presence of
these non-counselling roles often brings confusion
PRIVATE SECTOR SETTINGS and lack of effectiveness to the guidance programs
In the private sector, counselors range from of the school.
independent providers of services or work for NGOs, or  In the Philippines, the roles of the school counselors
specialized for profit centers and organization that have been prescribed and professionalized the
render a variety of counselling services. practice (R.A. 9258)

CIVIL SOCIETY SETTING Roles of Elementary Counselor (K-6)

The context of civil society is generally charities  Development and implementation or
or non-profit and issue-based centers or organizations facilitation of classroom guidance activities
such as:  Individual and group counselling
 For abused women  Parent education
 Abandoned children and elderly  Parent-teacher consultation
 Veterans  Referrals to professionals and public
 Teachers agencies
 Professionals or,  Crisis intervention and management
 Religious groups
Roles of Junior High School Counselor
SCHOOL SETTINGS  Provide guidance and counselling in dealing
In the school setting, the role of the school with peer relationships and social interactions,
counsellor is more complex since the needs of students and as such, includes work with student,
can vary widely. This gives rise to the more dynamic and teachers, and parents in the attempt to help
complex role of school counsellor; it depended on a each understand the other.
school’s local circumstances as well as the dynamism
within the profession itself. Roles of Senior High School Counselor
As such, school counselors assume many different  Provide guidance and counselling pertaining to
responsibilities and task based on the particular needs educational and career decisions as well as
students in the school context. “Guidance process occurs college placement counselling.
in an individual in a developmental sequence to the age
of maturity” (Coy, 1999) Roles of College Counselor
It is very important that school counselors “define  Provide counselling, appraisal and assessment,
their role better by recognizing that they cannot do their information, placement, research and evaluation,
work alone and they need to collaborate with other follow up and students’ activities. (CMO 21 s.
stakeholders.” 2006)
MULTIPLE ROLES OF SCHOOL COUNSELORS
PROCESSES
01. Relationship Building
 02. Problem Assessment 6. Facilitate the responsiveness of the institutional
03. Goal Setting systems to meet health and human service
04. Intervention needs.
05. Evaluation 7. Promote social justice and equality of all
06. Follow-up, Termination, or Referral people with regard to full participation in
society.
8. Contribute to the development of knowledge
The Discipline of Social Work for social work profession through research
Rogelio P. Liwanag & Jonaleen Mae P. Tangonan and evaluation.
9. Encourage exchange of information in those
Social Work - is a profession that fulfills the social institutional systems in which both problems
welfare mandate to promote well-being and quality of and resources opportunities and produced.
life. 10. Enhance communication through an
appreciation of diversity and through ethnically
Context of Social Work - is a place that requires sensitive, non-sexist social work practice.
professionals to direct their service on the needs and 11. Employ educational strategies for the prevention
empowerment of people who experience some form of and resolution of problems.
vulnerability, oppression, and living in poverty. 12. Embrace a world view of human issues and
solutions to problems.
Settlement Movement - the next movement that
emerged as if to complement the first wave of social
work which began in 1887 (Segal, Gerdes, and Steiner
2005). Principles of Social Work
The social work profession promotes social change,
problem solving in human relationships and
empowerment and liberation of people to enhance
well-being. Principles Relative to
Principles Relative to
Respect for Human
Social Justice
AIM OF SOCIAL WORK Rights
1. Help individuals to fit better into their
environment.
2. Change the environment so that it works better Principles Relative to Principles Relative to
for them. Respect for Human Social Justice
Rights
GOALS AND SCOPE OF SOCIAL WORK 1. Upholding and
1. Empowering people, individually and promoting human 1. Challenging
collectively, to utilize their own problem- dignity and well Discrimination
solving and coping capabilities more being 2. Recognizing
effectively. 2. Respecting the right diversity
2. Support a proactive position with regard to to self- 3. Distributing
social and economic policy development to determination resources
prevent problems for individuals and society 3. Promoting the right 4. Challenging unjust
occurring. to participation policies and
3. Uphold the integrity of the profession in all 4. Creating each practices
aspects of social work practice. person as a whole 5. Working in Solidarity
4. Establish linkages between people and societal 5. Identifying and
resources to further social functioning and developing
enhance the quality of life. strengths
5. Develop cooperative networks within the
institutional resources system.
CORE VALUES OF A SOCIAL WORKER This profession has principles that will serve as a
guide and center of the work like the principle of
1. Compassion, can be considered as an important collective responsibility, human rights, social justice,
value for all humankind but in social work, it and respect for the differences of an individual.
occupies a special impetus to the functioning of the
profession.  Social work profession is a broad academic zone
2. Service, as a value, directs social workers to go as it also covers some of the fields in social sciences
beyond purely performing a service for a pay and such as anthropology, criminology, economics,
allow them to be generous with their time. psychology, political sciences, and sociology.
3. Social Justice, as a value for social workers, is a
basis of their understanding of the need to ensure  Social work provides a significant service to our
that everyone get serviced and that everyone get a society. Most of the time, individuals and families
share of what the community possesses in material are the main focus of social work, and they are
and non-material assets. referred to be their clients. As a social worker, our
4. Dignity and worth of the person, is a value that purpose is to assist the clients to be more
provides the determination and drive for social productive in their life and community. To be
workers to seek the marginalized in all forms able to do this we must provide a support for family
without much regard as to whether such problem is members, relatives, local religious leaders and
self-inflicted or socially imposed. elders and other most leverage members of society.
5. Importance of Human Relationships, as a value,
makes it possible for social workers to do their job  Social work is a multi-discipline profession and
as most human situations they seek to address utilizing a group approach. They are willing to
require collaborating with so many other give a support to the individuals who require help,
professionals and individuals with a stake in the particularly the old, youthful, poor, mishandled,
issue. abused, debilitated, jobless, the wiped out ones and
6. Integrity, is necessary in all human endeavors. In the destitute. Its approach is to utilize the available
social work, nothing can be accomplished without resources to solve issues in order to empower the
integrity. clients to abidingly help themselves.
7. Competence, is a very important value for social
work because it separates social caregiving from
social work professional practice. ROLES OF A SOCIAL WORKER
 Advocate – In the advocate role, the social
worker fights for the rights of those
disempowered by society with the goal of
Professionals and Practitioners empowering the client.
in Social Work  Counselor – In the role of the counselor, the
social worker helps clients express their needs,
Angeline V. Hipolito and Marie Frances M. Taguiam
clarify their problems, explore resolution
strategies, and applies intervention strategies to
WHAT IS SOCIAL WORK?
develop and expand the capacities of clients to
 According to International Federation of Social
deal with their problems more effectively.
Workers, social work is a practice-based
 Mediator – In the mediator role, the social
profession, that means as you are experiencing to
worker intervenes in disputes between parties to
be a social worker and practicing professional
help them find compromises, reconcile
standards, as time passes by, you are learning to be
differences, and reach mutually satisfying
an excellent practitioner in this profession. It also is
agreements.
an academic discipline that promotes social
 Researcher – In the researcher role, a social
change, an alteration in the social order of one
worker evaluates practice interventions and with
society, and promotes social cohesion wherein it
others evaluates program outcomes. The
enables individuals to be closely united with each
researcher critically analyzes the literature on
other. Social work practitioners also help on the
empowerment and liberation or freeing of people.
 relevant topics of interest and uses this  Facilitate interactions between individuals
information to inform practice. and others in their environment. – Social
 Educator – In the educator role, social workers workers must enhance the relationship and
are involved in teaching people about resources interactions of every member of the family, help
and how to develop particular skills such as troubled students, and provide for consumer
budgeting, the caring discipline of children, input into agency policy-making boards.
effective communication, the meaning of a  Influence interactions between organization
medical diagnosis, and the prevention of and institutions. – Social work practitioners are
violence. able to participate in medical, educational,
 Case Manager – In the role of the case mental health, and rehabilitative services
manager, the social worker locates services and provided a given family with multiple resource
assists their clients to access those services. systems.
 Community Change Agent – As a community  Influence social and environmental policy. –
change agent, the social worker participates as They also have the responsibility to work
part of a group or organization seeking to towards improving the quality of an individual’s
improve or restructure some aspect of life by promoting some social policies that can
community service provision. enhance the client physical and social
 Facilitator – In this role, social workers are environment.
involved in gathering groups of people together
for a variety of purposes including community COMPETENCIES OF A SOCIAL WORKER
development, self-advocacy, political 1. The Social Worker’s Conduct and Comportment as a
organization, and political change. Social Worker
 Broker – In the role of a broker, a social worker  Propriety – being a social worker, the
is responsible for identifying, locating, and practitioner must act properly and maintain
linking clients to needed resources in a timely high standards of personal behavior in the
manner. The social worker is also concerned with capacity or identity as a social worker.
the quality, quantity, and accessibility of services.  Competence and Professional Development
 Manager – As managers, social workers are – social worker must do his/her best to become
better able to influence policy change and/or proficient in professional guidelines and
development, and to advocate, on a larger scale, maintain the performance of professional
for all unprivileged people. functions.
 Service – The social worker should give
FUNCTIONS OF A SOCIAL WORKER attention as primary the service duties or
 Help people enlarge their competence and responsibilities of the social work profession.
increase their client to view their problem  Integrity – The social worker must act
solving and coping abilities. – A practitioner appropriately with the greatest or high-class
must assist their clients to view the struggles in standards of professional integrity.
another perspective or in a positive way,  Scholarship and Research – The social worker
considering various alternative methods on who is involved in study and research should
solving it and making plan B’s, and show the be guided by the conventions of scholarship
value of awareness of strengths and many more. inquiry.
 Help people obtain needed resources. –
Practitioners have a responsibility for linking
their clients to many different resources and
services.
 Make organization responsive to people. – 2. The Social Worker’s Ethical Responsibility to Clients
The practitioners must examine the policies and  Primacy of Clients Interests – The social
series of actions of the organizations to know if worker’s primary obligation is to clients. He or
their clients have their access to their needed she must prioritize his or her clients.
resources.  Rights and Prerogatives of Clients – The
social worker should do his or her best and
 make every effort to enrich self-determination  The Social Worker’s Ethical Responsibility to
on the part of the clients. Society
 Confidentiality and Privacy – The social  Promoting the General Welfare – The social
worker should value the privacy of clients and worker should advocate the general welfare of
hold in confidence all information taken in the the society.
course of professional service.
 Fees – When setting fees, the social worker AREAS OF SPECIALIZATION
must be fair or rational enough, reasonable,  Addictions Prevention/Treatment
considerate, prudent, and proportionate with  Adoption & Foster Care
the service performed and consider the client’s  Advocacy Consulting and Planning
ability to pay for the service.  Alternative School Programs
 Child Abuse & Neglect
3. The Social Worker’s Ethical Responsibility to  Child Welfare Services
Colleagues  Chronic Pain
 Respect, Fairness, and Courtesy – The Social  Criminal Justice
worker should treat colleagues better with  Crisis Intervention
respect, courtesy, fairness and good faith.  Community Mental Health
 Dealing with Colleagues’ Clients – The  Delinquent / at-risk youth
social worker has the obligation to treat  Depression
colleagues’ clients properly and to relate to  Development Disabilities Social Work
them with full professional consideration and  Disaster Belief
in accordance with the ethical responsibility  Domestic Violence
to clients.  Eating Disorders
 The Social Worker’s Ethical Responsibility  Employee Assistance Programs
to the employer and Employing  Genetics / Transplant Gerontology Services
Organizations – A social worker must act  HIV/AIDS
appropriately with respect to his or her  Homeless Family Assistance
employer and employing organization  Hospice and Palliative Care
 Commitments to Employing  Housing Assistance
Organizations – The social worker must be  In-Home Services
committed and adhere to promissory made  International Social Work
to the employing organizations.  Law/ Courts/ Enforcement
 Mental Health Therapy
4. The Social Worker’s Ethical Responsibility to the Social  Military Social Work Outpatient Treatment
Work Profession (Services can be provided in private, faith-based,
 Maintaining the integrity of the profession – governmental, nonprofit, or NGO settings)
As a social worker, he or she must not only  Parent Education Community
keep his or her own integrity but as well as the  Planning & Advocacy
integrity of social work profession. A social  Political Development
worker should uphold and enrich the values,  Private Clinical Practice
ethics, knowledge, and mission of the  Prisons
profession.  Public Health
 Community service – The social worker should  Rural Social Work
make sure and help in the availability of social  School Violence
services in the general public  Veterans Services
 Development of Knowledge – The social
worker has the obligation for identifying, TYPES OF SOCIAL WORKERS
developing, and fully utilizing knowledge for  Corporate Social Worker - Works with
the professional practice. employees whose personal issues, substance use
or problems with coworkers may be causing
trouble on the job.
 soldiers’ relatives in coping with their post-
 School Social Worker - School social workers traumatic stresses.
specialize in helping students with school-
related issues and personal problems that affect  Community Social Workers – Community
their lives at school and at home. Working at social workers make improvement in fettle and
one or more schools, these social workers should give resources for particular institution or
mediate between community resources and society. A community social worker will often
students who need special services. give an attention to the organization of the
community, for its innovation, improvement,
 Gerontology Social Worker - Gerontology planning, administration and social action in
social workers provide services for elderly people order to develop a better condition within their
and advise these individuals about housing, communities.
transportation, meal delivery and long-term  Social Work Administrators, Researchers,
care. The social workers also coordinate client Planners and Policymakers – Social work
services and may facilitate support groups for administrators, researchers, planners, and
family caregivers. policymakers belong to another group of social
workers. They hold administrative roles and
 Clinical Social Worker - Clinical social workers indirectly work with the individuals or groups
offer counseling or psychotherapy services in they are aiming to help.
clinics, public agencies, medical facilities and
private practices. Some social workers are  Medical and Public Health Social Workers –
licensed to provide therapy for children and Medical social workers help people who have
families coping with life changes, such as serious or chronic health problems. They advise
divorce, death or other serious family problems. individuals and families about methods to deal
with being ill. They also find services, such as
 Child and Family Social Workers - These are nursing care, nutrition classes and therapies that
social workers provide information about are available to help sick individuals and their
resources for children and families, coordinate families.
services and facilitate contact with local and
state agencies and community organizations.
They also perform supportive casework with
parents and offer advice about positive
parenting skills. It’s also the responsibility of
child and family social workers to protect
vulnerable or at-risk children and aid families
who need help finding or applying for services,
such as childcare, food stamps and other
benefits. They step in when children are in
danger of neglect or abuse, arrange for foster
care homes for children, work to reunite families
and help evaluate and place adoptions.

 Mental Health and Substance Abuse Social

Workers – This kind of social workers are
helping to provide treatment with persons who
have issues on the substance abused.

 Military Social Workers – They are the Social

workers that deal with the families that have a
military life. They are helping the soldiers and