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    Colonialism and Traditions

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    jake dalsa
    The Spanish established colonial rule in the Philippines from the 16th to 19th centuries. They used Christianity as a way to colonize, converting local leaders to ensure power and control over the population. Spain exploited the land and labor of the Philippines for economic gain. Over time, abusive systems like encomienda were replaced, and Manila-Acapulco trade made the Philippines a hub of commerce. However, benefits mostly went to Spaniards, while Filipinos faced exploitation. Colonial policies created a hierarchical society that divided and oppressed natives under Spanish authority. Muslims resisted Spanish rule through ongoing battles, while other groups withdrew from colonial pressures.

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    Colonialism and Traditions

    Uploaded by

    jake dalsa
    56 views2 pages
    The Spanish established colonial rule in the Philippines from the 16th to 19th centuries. They used Christianity as a way to colonize, converting local leaders to ensure power and control over the population. Spain exploited the land and labor of the Philippines for economic gain. Over time, abusive systems like encomienda were replaced, and Manila-Acapulco trade made the Philippines a hub of commerce. However, benefits mostly went to Spaniards, while Filipinos faced exploitation. Colonial policies created a hierarchical society that divided and oppressed natives under Spanish authority. Muslims resisted Spanish rule through ongoing battles, while other groups withdrew from colonial pressures.

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    chapter 5

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    The Spanish established colonial rule in the Philippines from the 16th to 19th centuries. They used Christianity as a way to colonize, converting local leaders to ensure power and control over the population. Spain exploited the land and labor of the Philippines for economic gain. Over time, abusive systems like encomienda were replaced, and Manila-Acapulco trade made the Philippines a hub of commerce. However, benefits mostly went to Spaniards, while Filipinos faced exploitation. Colonial policies created a hierarchical society that divided and oppressed natives under Spanish authority. Muslims resisted Spanish rule through ongoing battles, while other groups withdrew from colonial pressures.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    56 views2 pages

    Colonialism and Traditions

    Uploaded by

    jake dalsa
    The Spanish established colonial rule in the Philippines from the 16th to 19th centuries. They used Christianity as a way to colonize, converting local leaders to ensure power and control over the population. Spain exploited the land and labor of the Philippines for economic gain. Over time, abusive systems like encomienda were replaced, and Manila-Acapulco trade made the Philippines a hub of commerce. However, benefits mostly went to Spaniards, while Filipinos faced exploitation. Colonial policies created a hierarchical society that divided and oppressed natives under Spanish authority. Muslims resisted Spanish rule through ongoing battles, while other groups withdrew from colonial pressures.

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    COLONIALISM AND TRADITIONS

    The Spanish expeditions from 1521-1565 were accompanied by religious


    missionaries who were all prepared to preach the Christian faith. Christianity which had a
    great impact in the early Philippine societies, it greatly affected their religion. It’s the way of
    the spaniards to explore and exploit the material resources of the colonies. Spanish
    expeditions to the islands leds to the growth of the Spanish colony. Spain uses religion as
    their way to colonize like when Magellan landed on Limasawa, the first significant act taken
    besides the procurement of needed provisions, was the celebration of the mass. And then
    the conversion of high ranked people like Rejah Humabon and King Tupas. System of
    colonial rule Spain established in the Philippines was determined by various colonial aims.
    Political, Economic, Social and cultural aspects of administration had to be effectively
    designed to insure that power, wealth and status in the colony were conveniently and
    exclusively enjoyed by the Spaniards.

    Spanish colonial aims necessitated the establishment of definite institutions to bring


    in the economic and material benefits expected from the colony. It involves effective use of
    the components of national economy represented by income or benefits derived from land,
    trade and commerce, and labor. This all leads to the policies and practices which also
    encouraged abuses and oppression. Spanish rule for the first 100 years was exercised in
    most areas through a type of tax farming and known as the encomienda. But abusive
    treatment of the local tribute payers and neglect of religious instruction
    by encomenderos (collectors of the tribute), as well as frequent withholding of revenues
    from the crown, caused the Spanish to abandon the system.

    The Manila - Acapulco galleon trade transformed the Philippine colony into a
    Spanish regional center of trade in Southeast Asia. The Philippines was opened up for world
    commerce as the galleon trade attracted products from different parts of the world. The
    galleons bound for Mexico transported trade goods such as spices from the Moluccas.The
    fortune from the trade benefitted only a portion of privileged Spaniards. Filipinos, on the
    other hand, were exposed to exploitation, the great majority of the galleons used for
    trading. The tributes and dues that were imposed on the people and were used for the
    benefit of the Spanish community and very little went into improving native conditions. The
    Colonial laws/ordinances required the natives to provide either free labor or labor with
    nominal compensation for all sorts of Spanish needs, from domestic services at home to
    military services in Spanish expeditions. Colonialism needed a kind of power arrangement
    that would allow the realization of colonial aims thus the creation of dualistic-hierarchical
    pattern. The colonial system allowed the natives to preserve their ancient political structures
    because they found its preservation and use effective in the collection of tributes and in
    suppressing one group of natives by another under the policy of “divide and rule” which
    means to gain and maintain power by breaking up larger concentrations of power into
    chunks that individually have less power than the one implementing the strategy.

    The relation of the spaniards to the natives more on superior-inferior; civilized-


    primitive. Datu, timawa, and the alipin or oripon were just one class level (lowest class) in
    the colonial society, not entitled to any social importance and rights except to serve those
    above them. In other words, rank or status in the native structure is set aside. Even by the
    ordinary Spaniards, datus were not treated as important native.
    The Muslims learned the lessons of dealing with colonialism when they were
    defeated and succeeded by Spain on 1570. Their subsequent action was marked by
    uncompromising battles against Spanish expeditions sent frequently against muslim bases in
    Mindanao and Sulu, the two centers of Sultanate. The other non-Christians that were not
    Islamized had withdrawn from the pressures of colonialism. The Cordilleras was quite
    inaccessible under normal circumstances. The religious missions did not achieve the level of
    success as achieved in the lowland communities.

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