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    Wet & Dry Cooling Towers

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    Abdullah Javed
    Wet cooling towers use evaporation of water to cool a water stream and transfer heat to the atmosphere. They rely on the latent heat of evaporation to exchange heat between a process and passing air. Dry cooling towers rely solely on air and heat transfer through extended fin surfaces, without evaporation. Wet towers require less fan power but more water, while dry towers require more fan power but less water and can be used where water availability is limited.

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    Wet & Dry Cooling Towers

    Uploaded by

    Abdullah Javed
    76 views2 pages
    Wet cooling towers use evaporation of water to cool a water stream and transfer heat to the atmosphere. They rely on the latent heat of evaporation to exchange heat between a process and passing air. Dry cooling towers rely solely on air and heat transfer through extended fin surfaces, without evaporation. Wet towers require less fan power but more water, while dry towers require more fan power but less water and can be used where water availability is limited.

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    Wet & Dry Cooling Towers

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    Wet cooling towers use evaporation of water to cool a water stream and transfer heat to the atmosphere. They rely on the latent heat of evaporation to exchange heat between a process and passing air. Dry cooling towers rely solely on air and heat transfer through extended fin surfaces, without evaporation. Wet towers require less fan power but more water, while dry towers require more fan power but less water and can be used where water availability is limited.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    76 views2 pages

    Wet & Dry Cooling Towers

    Uploaded by

    Abdullah Javed
    Wet cooling towers use evaporation of water to cool a water stream and transfer heat to the atmosphere. They rely on the latent heat of evaporation to exchange heat between a process and passing air. Dry cooling towers rely solely on air and heat transfer through extended fin surfaces, without evaporation. Wet towers require less fan power but more water, while dry towers require more fan power but less water and can be used where water availability is limited.

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    Cooling tower

    A cooling tower is a heat rejection device that rejects waste heat to the atmosphere through the cooling of
    a water stream to a lower temperature.
    Cooling towers may either use the evaporation of water to remove process heat and cool the working fluid
    to near the wet-bulb air temperature or, in the case of closed circuit dry cooling towers, rely solely on air
    to cool the working fluid to near the dry-bulb air temperature.

    Types
    On the basis of heat transfer mechanism, Cooling tower can be classified into two types:

    • Wet Cooling Tower


    • Dry Cooling Tower

    Wet Cooling Tower


    When water is used as the heat transfer medium, wet, or evaporative, cooling towers may be
    used. Wet cooling towers rely on the latent heat of water evaporation to exchange heat between the
    process and the air passing through the cooling tower. The cooling water may be an integral part of
    the process or may provide cooling via heat exchangers.
    Working Principle
    Wet cooling towers (or open circuit cooling towers) operate on the principle of evaporative cooling.
    Evaporative cooling is the addition of water vapor into air, which causes a lowering of the temperature of
    the air and the water too. The energy needed to evaporate the water is taken from the remaining mass of
    water, thus reducing its temperature.
    The cooling water from the plant is pumped to a height of about 10 m and distributed over the cooling
    tower fill, cascading down the fill to the well at the bottom. Inside the wet cooling tower, fills are added
    to increase contact surface as well as contact time between air and water, to provide better heat transfer.

    Dry Cooling Tower


    Dry Cooling Tower is an equipment which is used to cool and maintain the temperature of process hot
    water at a particular level. This operates on the principle of heat transfer by a heat exchanger with
    extended fins. The fan is driven by an Electric motor.
    Dry cooling towers operate by heat transfer through a surface that separates the working fluid from
    ambient air, such as in a tube to air heat exchanger, utilizing convective heat transfer. They do not use
    evaporation; hence the consumption of makeup water is minimal.

    Working Principle
    The tower works on a principle of heat transfer and is driven by an electric motor. The wound copper
    tubes eliminate any unnecessary leakage after installation. The tubes also allow better heat transfer
    efficiency.
    The positive and controlled expansion between the tube and fin provides a clean, smooth inner tube
    surface for water pressure drop and guarantees uniform heat transfer.

    Difference b/w Wet & Dry Cooling Towers

    Wet cooling tower Dry cooling tower


    In Wet cooling towers the condenser cooling In dry cooling towers, the temperature reduction
    water and ambient air are intimately mixed. of the condenser water depends upon
    conduction and convection.
    Required fan power is low Required fan power is high

    From an economic perspective, wet cooling Dry Colling Towers costs more than Wet
    (usually with wet cooling towers) will always cooling towers
    be the preferred method, as long as water is
    available and affordable.
    Not feasible for CSP technologies Dry cooling is technically feasible for all
    concentrating solar power (CSP) technologies,
    and is not a technology risk, as the technology
    has been implemented in conventional power
    plant
    Technology risked Not a technology risk, as the technology has
    been implemented in conventional power plant

    In wet Cooling Towers, evaporation occurs No evaporation occurs

    Makeup water more required Makeup water less required

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