Design of pier substructure and foundation

Design data

Super structure configuration :

Span arrangement of bridge Upper Rotary Span arrangement Varies
Type of super structure Plate Girder
Span(c/c of exp gap)-Left span 26.25 m
Span(c/c of exp gap)-Right span 31.70 m
Span(c/c of exp gap)-Average span 28.98 m
Distance bet bearing centre & Exp gap 0.75 m
Depth of super structure-Left span 1.68 m
Depth of super structure-Right span 1.68 m
Height of railing 1.00 m
Carriageway width 10.00 m
Overall width 11.00 m
Thickness of Wearing coat 0.096 m
Skew angle 0.00 deg
unit weight of concrete 2.50 T/m2
Elastometric Bearing Thickness 0.065 m
Length of Bearing Pedestal 1.00 m
Width of bearing pedestal 0.80 m
Depth of Bearing Pedestal 0.15 m

Levels
FRL 34.034 Rl
Top of piercap 31.948 RL
Bottom of piercap 29.948 RL
Top of pier 29.948 RL
Bottom of pier 22.750 RL
Lowest bedlevel 22.750 RL
FNL 20.750 RL

Pier cap

Width (Across traffic) 2.25 m

Length (Across traffic) 8.00 m
Depth (Across traffic) 2.25 m
Uniform thickness 1.50 m
Varying thickness 0.00 m
Volume 27.00 m3

Pedestal between piercap and pier

Length of pedestal below pier cap 0.00 m
Width 0.00 m
Depth 0.00 m
Volume 0.00 t

Pier
Dia 2.00 m
Height 7.20 m
Volume 22.60 m3

Pedestal between pier and foundation

Length of pedestal above foundation 2.25 m
Width 2.25 m
Depth 0.50 m
Volume of pedestal 6.33 t

Pier foundation
Length (Along traffic) 6.60 m
Width (Across traffic) 6.60 m
Uniform thickness of foundation 1.75 m
Varying thickness of foundation 0.00 m
Volume 76.23 m3

Loading Calculations
Vertical loads
Reactions from super structure Left span Right span
Dead load 186.00 222.00
SIDL 21.20 26.00
Wearing coat 32.00 38.00
Liveload 0.00 142.00

Longitudinal moment due to eccentricity of loads from super structure w.r.t C/L of wall
Eccentricty of left side bearings from c/l of expansion ga = 0.75 m
Eccentricty of Right side bearings from c/l of expansion = 0.75 m
Due to Dead load = 27.00 tm
Due to SIDL = 3.60 tm
Due to SIDL = 4.50 tm
Due to Live load = 106.50 tm

Transverse moment due to eccentricity of loads from super structure w.r.t C/L of wall
Due to Dead load = 0.00 tm
Due to SIDL = 0.00 tm
Due to SIDL = 0.00 tm
Due to Live load = 400.80 tm

Selfweight of Substructure and Foundation

Pier cap = 67.50 t
Pier 56.50 t
Foundation 190.58 t
Soil weight 43.56 t

Horizontal Forces &Moments

Centrifugal force
Radius of curve = 0.00 m
Designed speed = 30.00 KMPH
Liveload acting on deck = 100.00 t
Centrifugal force = 0.00 t
Leverarm wrt bottom of pier = 12.48 m
Moment wrt bottom of pier = 0.00 tm
Leverarm wrt bottom of Foundation = 14.23 m
Moment wrt bottom of Foundation = 0.00 tm

Braking force
Force at top of deck = 13.85 t
Leverarm wrt bottom of pier = 11.28 m
Moment wrt bottom of foundation = 156.28 tm
Leverarm wrt bottom of Foundation = 13.03 m
Moment wrt bottom of Foundation = 180.52 tm

Force due to movement of bearings (Under sevice)

Force at bearing level = 0.67 t
Leverarm wrt bottom of pier = 9.45 m
Moment wrt bottom of pier = 6.33 tm
Leverarm wrt bottom of Foundation = 11.20 m
Moment wrt bottom of Foundation = 7.50 tm

Force due to movement of bearings (One span condition )

Force at bearing level = 6.70 t
Leverarm wrt bottom of pier = 9.45 m
Moment wrt bottom of pier = 63.30 tm
Leverarm wrt bottom of Foundation = 11.20 m
Moment wrt bottom of Foundation = 75.03 tm

Wind force (Under service)

In transverse direction on dead load
Height of super structure above LBL = 10.90 m
Basic wind speed at the location = 50.00 m
Wind pressure = 464.00 N/m2
Designed wind pressure = 1065.20 N/m2
Gust factor (G) = 2.00
Drag coefficient (Cd ) = 1.95
Contributary length = 31.70 m
Contributary height ( Depth of girder+Height of Railing) = 2.87 m
Design Wind pressure = 415.43 kg/m2
Design Wind force = 37.81 t
Leverarm wrt bottom of pier = 10.90 m
Moment wrt bottom of pier = 412.05 tm

In transverse direction on live load

Drag coefficient (Cd ) = 1.20
Contributary height = 2.00 m
Designed Wind pressure = 255.65 kg/m2
Design Wind force = 13.42 t
Leverarm wrt bottom of pier = 13.03 m
Moment wrt bottom of pier = 174.94 tm

In longitudinal direction

On dead load
Contributary area = 75.36 m2
Force in logitudinal direction = 7.83 t

On Live load
Contributary area = 52.50 m2
Force in logitudinal direction = 3.36 t
Total force in longitudinal direction = 11.18 t
Lever arm w.r.t bottom of pier = 9.45 m
Moment wrt bottom of pier = 105.65 tm

Vertical wind force

Designed wind pressure = 1065.20 N/m2
Gust factor (G) = 2.00
Lift coefficient (CL) = 0.75
Contributary area(A3) = 288.75 m2
Vertical wind force = 46.14 t

Design Wind forces & Moments at Bottom of Wall and Bottom of Foundation
At bottom of wall
Under Under One
Service span
FT 37.81 18.90
 MT 412.05 206.03
FL 11.18 5.59
ML 105.65 52.83
FV 46.14 23.07

Seismic force
Seismic zone = II

Under service One span

Seismic coefficient in transverse direction for substructur= 0.052 0.064
Seismic coefficient in longitudinal direction for substruct= 0.054 0.064
Seismic coefficient in transverse direction for Foundation= 0.070 0.086
Seismic coefficient in longitudinal direction for Foundati = 0.073 0.086
Multipication factor for forces from super structure = 1.000
=

In Transverse direction
Under Service condition
Force for design of L.A @ bottom of
Pier Foundation Pier
Load Type t t m
Dead load 21.22 28.64 11.03
SIDL 2.45 3.31 11.03
Wearing coat 3.64 4.91 11.03
Live Load 1.42 1.92 12.48
Pier cap 3.51 4.74 8.32
Pier 2.94 3.97 3.60
Foundation 0.00 0.00 0.00

Under One span condition

Force for design of L.A @ bottom of
Pier Foundation Pier
Load Type t t m
Dead load 11.90 16.07 11.03
SIDL 1.36 1.83 11.03
Wearing coat 2.05 2.76 11.03
Live Load 0.00 0.00 12.48
Pier cap 4.32 5.83 8.32
Pier 3.62 4.88 3.60
Foundation 0.00 0.00 0.00

In Longitudinal direction
Under Service condition
Force for design of L.A @ bottom of
Pier Foundation Pier
Load Type t t m
Dead load 22.03 29.74 9.45
SIDL 2.55 3.44 9.45
Wearing coat 3.78 5.10 9.45
Live Load 0.00 0.00 9.45
Pier cap 3.65 4.92 8.20
Pier 3.05 4.12 3.60
Foundation 0.00 0.00 0.00

Under One span condition

Force for design of L.A @ bottom of
Pier Foundation Pier
Load Type t t m
Dead load 14.21 19.18 9.45
SIDL 1.36 1.83 9.45
Wearing coat 2.43 3.28 9.45
Live Load 0.00 0.00 9.45
Pier cap 4.32 5.83 8.32
Pier 3.62 4.88 3.60
Foundation 0.00 0.00 0.00

Tabulation of forces and moments at bottom of pier-Unfa

S.no Description
1.00 Dead load of super structure _Under service
2.00 SIDL_Under service
3.00 Wearing coat_Under service
4.00 Liveload_Under service
5.00 Dead load of super structure _Under one spa
6.00 SIDL_Under one span
7.00 Wearing coat_Under one span
8.00 Selfweight of substructure
9.00 Centrifugal force
10.00 Braking force (normal)
11.00 Movement of bearings (Normal)
12.00 Movement of bearings (one span.)
13.00 Wind force (Under service)
14.00 Wind force (One span)
15.00 Seismic transverse (under service)
16.00 Seismic transverse (under One span)
17.00 Seismic longitudinal (under service)
 18.00 Seismic longitudinal (under One span)

Tabulation of forces and moments at bottom of Foundati

S.No. Description
1.00 Dead load of super structure _Under service
2.00 SIDL_Under service
3.00 Wearing coat_Under service
4.00 Liveload_Under service
5.00 Dead load of super structure _Under one spa
6.00 SIDL_Under one span
7.00 Wearing coat_Under one span
8.00 Selfweight of substructure
9.00 Centrifugal force
10.00 Braking force
11.00 Movement of bearings (Normal)
12.00 Movement of bearings (one span.)
13.00 Wind force (Under service)
14.00 Wind force (One span)
15.00 Seismic transverse (under service)
16.00 Seismic transverse (under One span)
17.00 Seismic longitudinal (under service)
18.00 Seismic longitudinal (under One span)

Design of pier

Dia of pier = 2.00 m

Clear cover to reinforcement = 50.00 mm
Area of steel assumed across traffic = 40.00 No's
Spacing of bars = 177.00 mm
Total area of steel = 32170.00 mm2
Percentage of steel = 0.81 %

Serviceability check of pier column

Dia of column = 2000.00 mm
Axial thrust P = 595.00 t
Bending moment M = 623.00 tm
Cover to reinforcement = 50.00 mm
Grade of concrete = M35
Grade of steel = Fe500
Modulus elasticity of concrete = 32000.00
Modulus elasticity of steel = 200000.00
Modulur ratio = 6.25
Area of section = 3140000.00 Mpa
Ixx = 1258055993664.70 mm3
Direct compressive stree (P/A) = 1.89 mpa
Flexural stress (M/Z) = 4.95 mpa
Maximum compressive stress (P/A+M/Z) = 6.85 mpa
Max. tensile stress (P/A-M/Z) = -3.06 mpa
Mean value of axial strength of concrete (fctm) = 3.79 mpa
section is cracked
hence stress in concrete and steel are calculated based on fundamental principles for assumed steeel and neutral axis
assumed area of steel = 32153.60 mm^2
total percentage of steel = 0.81 %
assumed depth of neutral axis (x) = 862.71 mm
constants
x/d = 0.38
A = 0.53
B = 0.28
C = 0.0450
distance of cg of segment from centre of circle X' = 599.86 mm
section area of segment A = 1434838.01 mm^2
second moment of area of segment about its own centroid I = 7.2100000000 mm^4
for convenience taking transformed area of steel as (m-1) as, both in tensile as well as compressive zones
transormed area of steel = 168892.02 mm^2
effective area = 1603730.03 mm^2
distance of cg eff from physical centroid of whole section is
(e') = 537.00 mm
eccentricity of load e = 1046.00 mm
e-e' = 509.00 mm
Ieff = 224000000000.00 mm^4
distance of neutral axis below cg eff = 274.00 mm
assumed distance of neutral axis below cg eff = 274.00 mm
0.00 hence safe
stress in concrete = 11.67 mpa
allowable stress in concrete = 16.80 mpa
hence safe
stress in steel = 113.06 mpa
allowable stress in steel = 400.00 mpa
hence safe
angement Varies

11.03
Col height 7.20
Pier cap Depth 2.00
Total
408.00 t 10.00 70.00 31.70 221.90
47.20 t 10.00 8.00 31.70 25.36
70.00 t 10.00 12.00 31.70 38.04
142.00 t 10.00 70.00 26.50 185.50
10.00 8.00 26.50 21.20
10.00 12.00 26.50 31.80

2.82
 56.70

NSTL Arm
Page 191

NSTL Arm
Page 191

(As per table 4 of IRC-6 2010)

 8.62 8.63 10.37 10.38

7.46 7.46 9.21 9.21

12.65

145.75
At Bottom of Foundation
Under Under One
Service span 8.64
37.81 18.90
 492.79 246.40 10.38
11.18 5.59 114.18
145.75 72.88 10.38
46.14 23.07 4.93
1.58

1.98
0.05 19.32
2.08 1.35

7.38

L.A @ bottom of Moment @ bottom of

Foundation Pier Found. 246.21
m tm tm
12.78 234.10 366.15
12.78 27.08 42.36 23.95
12.78 40.16 62.82
14.23 17.73 27.29 0.254 diff.
10.07 29.21 47.73 38.79
5.35 10.57 21.22
1.75 0.00 0.00

11.33
L.A @ bottom of Moment @ bottom of
Foundation Pier Found.
m tm tm
12.78 131.35 205.44
12.78 14.97 23.42
12.78 22.60 35.35
14.23 0.00 0.00
10.07 35.96 58.75
5.35 13.01 26.11
1.75 0.00 0.00
L.A @ bottom of Moment @ bottom of
Foundation Pier Found.
m tm tm
11.20 208.16 333.06
11.20 24.08 38.53
11.20 35.71 57.14
11.20 0.00 0.00
9.95 29.88 48.95
5.35 10.98 22.03
1.75 0.00 0.00

L.A @ bottom of Moment @ bottom of

Foundation Pier Found.
m tm tm
11.20 134.24 214.79
11.20 12.82 20.51
11.20 22.98 36.77
11.20 0.00 0.00
10.07 35.96 58.75 16.90
5.35 13.01 26.11
1.75 0.00 0.00

at bottom of pier-Unfactored
scription P ML MT FL FT
ructure _Under service 408.00 27.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
47.20 3.60 0.00 0.00 0.00
service 70.00 4.50 0.00 0.00 0.00
ice 142.00 106.50 400.80 0.00 0.00
ructure _Under one span 186.00 139.50 0.00 0.00 0.00
n 21.20 15.90 0.00 0.00 0.00
one span 32.00 24.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
ucture 124.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
al) 0.00 156.28 0.00 13.85 0.00
gs (Normal) 0.00 6.33 0.00 0.67 0.00
gs (one span.) 0.00 63.30 0.00 6.70 0.00
ervice) -46.14 105.65 412.05 11.18 10.90
n) -23.07 52.83 206.03 5.59 18.90
under service) -28.64 0.00 358.86 0.00 35.18
under One span) -20.83 0.00 217.89 0.00 23.25 1.75
(under service) -29.74 308.82 0.00 35.06 0.00
(under One span) -24.86 219.00 0.00 25.93 0.00

79.10
at bottom of Foundation-Unfactored
scription P ML MT FL FT
ructure _Under service 408.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
47.20 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
service 70.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
ice 142.00 106.50 400.80 0.00 0.00
ructure _Under one span 222.00 139.50 0.00 0.00 0.00
n 26.00 15.90 0.00 0.00 0.00
one span 38.00 24.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
ucture 358.14 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 7.50
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 106.50
0.00 180.52 0.00 13.85 0.00
gs (Normal) 0.00 7.50 0.00 6.70 0.00
gs (one span.) 0.00 75.03 0.00 6.70 0.00
ervice) -46.14 145.75 492.79 11.18 10.90
n) -23.07 72.88 246.40 5.59 18.90
under service) -38.67 0.00 567.57 0.00 47.49
under One span) -28.12 0.00 349.06 0.00 31.38
(under service) -40.15 499.72 0.00 47.33 0.00
(under One span) -33.57 356.92 0.00 35.01 0.00
115.82

2000.00 mm

Y32 (all around the pier)

 3.14*

l and neutral axis

40 no's Y32

standards

268203.92
0.79
0.2715 3.68
625.43

850.85
832.50
1387.29
292125.40
3974062.50
3681937.10
load load factor
Selfweight o 1.35
crash barrie 1.35
wearing coa 1.75
Dead load o 1.35
loive load 1.50
Vehicular l 1.50
what is the seismic load factor?
considered as 1.35 for transverse

what is the seismic load factor?

considered as 1.75 for longitudinal