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    Grade 4 - Science Notes - Interactions in A Community

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    marieanas trench
    There are several forms of interactions that can occur between organisms in a community. Predation occurs when one organism hunts and kills another for food. Competition happens when organisms seek limited resources like food, space, or mates. Symbiosis describes close relationships between organisms, including mutualism where both benefit, commensalism where one benefits and the other is unaffected, and parasitism where one harms the host. Examples provided include lions preying on buffalo, plants competing for nutrients and space, and mosquitoes being parasitic on humans.

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    Grade 4 - Science Notes - Interactions in A Community

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    marieanas trench
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    There are several forms of interactions that can occur between organisms in a community. Predation occurs when one organism hunts and kills another for food. Competition happens when organisms seek limited resources like food, space, or mates. Symbiosis describes close relationships between organisms, including mutualism where both benefit, commensalism where one benefits and the other is unaffected, and parasitism where one harms the host. Examples provided include lions preying on buffalo, plants competing for nutrients and space, and mosquitoes being parasitic on humans.

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    Grade 4 - Science Notes - Interactions in a Community

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    There are several forms of interactions that can occur between organisms in a community. Predation occurs when one organism hunts and kills another for food. Competition happens when organisms seek limited resources like food, space, or mates. Symbiosis describes close relationships between organisms, including mutualism where both benefit, commensalism where one benefits and the other is unaffected, and parasitism where one harms the host. Examples provided include lions preying on buffalo, plants competing for nutrients and space, and mosquitoes being parasitic on humans.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    90 views2 pages

    Grade 4 - Science Notes - Interactions in A Community

    Uploaded by

    marieanas trench
    There are several forms of interactions that can occur between organisms in a community. Predation occurs when one organism hunts and kills another for food. Competition happens when organisms seek limited resources like food, space, or mates. Symbiosis describes close relationships between organisms, including mutualism where both benefit, commensalism where one benefits and the other is unaffected, and parasitism where one harms the host. Examples provided include lions preying on buffalo, plants competing for nutrients and space, and mosquitoes being parasitic on humans.

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    Science - Grade 4/ Third Quarter/ S.Y. 2017-2018/Notes in Lesson 8.2: Interactions in a Community

    FORMS OF INTERACTIONS IN A COMMUNITY

    1. PREDATION – two organisms do not live together, where predator (an organism that hunts,
    attacks or kills) feed on its prey (an organism that is attacked or killed)
     FROG and CRICKET. Frog (predator) is fed on small insects like cricket (prey).
     LION and BUFFALO. Lion (predator) attacks and kills buffalo (prey) for food.

    2. COMPETITION – organisms in same or different species do not live together, competing for
    limited resources like food, water, space or even mate.
     PLANTS. Plant roots growing close together compete for nutrients, water and space.
     LIONS and TIGERS. Both lions and tigers fight for the same food resources and even
    territory.

    3. SYMBIOSIS – relationship between two or more organisms that live closely together
    a. Mutualism – is a relationship where two organisms benefit or help each other
     FLOWER and BEES. Flowers provide nectar to bees and the bees help flowers
    spread their pollen for reproduction
     FUNGI and ANTS. Fungi grow on wastes of ants. Once the fungi grow, the ants eat it.

    b. Commensalism – one organism benefits while the other organism is neither helped nor
    harmed
     SMALL FISHES and SEA ANEMONE. Small fishes stay in the sea anemone to protect
    themselves from big fishes while the sea anemone has not benefited nor harmed by
    the fishes.
     MOSS and TREES. The moss receives more sunlight for photosynthesis if the moss
    grows high on tree branches rather than close to the ground. The tree is not affected
    at all.

    c. Parasitism – one organism (parasite) while the other is harmed (host). The host is rarely
    killed but the health is greatly affected.
     MOSQUITO and HUMAN or ANIMALS. Mosquito (parasite) that is fed by sucking
    blood on human or animals (hosts).
     BACTERIA and HUMAN. Bacteria (parasite) use the body of human for
    nourishment and reproduction while the human (host) gets sick.

    *See the back of this page for more examples.


    ORGANISMS INVOLVED RELATIONSHIP
    FUNGUS & ALGAE
     Fungus provides nutrients to algae MUTUALISM
     Algae provides food to fungus
    TICK & FLEAS
     Flea gets nourishment from dog.
    PARASITISM
     Dog is harmed… may become sick from bites/diseases
    transmitted by the parasite.
    CLOWN FISH & SEA ANEMONE
     Clown fish get protection from the anemone MUTUALISM
     Sea anemone get cleaned of parasites from the clown fish
    INSECTS & OAK TREES
     Insects form a nursery called a gall on the leaf/branch of
    COMMENSALISM
    a tree. Insects have a safe place to develop.
     Tree us not helped or harmed by the presence of the galls
    MISTLETOE & TREE THAT IT ATTACHED TO
     Mistletoe gets food and water from the tree
    PARASITISM
     Tree loses food and water that it needs… eventually will
    die.
    SHARK & REMORA FISH
     Remora fish get free food by hanging out with sharks COMMENSALISM
     Sharks are not affected by the presence of fish
    EAGLE & FISH
     Eagles can spot fish swimming in a lake from high
    altitudes. They swoop down, and grab fish to feed their PREDATION
    young back in the nest.
     The fish instantly dies and is eaten by eagles
    COW & INTESTINAL BACTERIA
     Bacteria live in the intestines of cows and other
    MUTUALISM
    organisms. They help to digest food for the cow.
     The cow provides a warm, moist environment to live.
    TWO MALE BIGHORN SHEEPS
     Male bighorn sheep, called rams butt heads to see which
    one is dominant. COMPETITION
     The dominant male can mate with more females than the
    non-dominant male sheep
    ATHLETE’S FOOT: RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TOES &
    FUNGUS
     Athlete’s food is a fungus growing between and around
    human toes. PARASITISM
     The fungus gets nutrients from the human skin
     Athlete’s foot causes dry, scaly, itching, inflammation and
    even blisters

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