Chap 10 : Light, Reflection and Refraction www.cbse.

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File Revision Date : 7 July 2019

CBSE Objective Questions Exam 2019-2020
CLASS : 10th
CHAPTER 10
SUB : Science
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Light, Reflection and Refraction

1. OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS the focal length of the mirror?

(a) + 24 cm (b) + 11 cm
(c) - 11 cm (d) - 24 cm
1. Morning sun is not so hot as the mid day sun because Ans : (d) - 24 cm
(a) Sun is cooler in the morning
(b) Heat rays travel slowly is the morning 7. Find the angle of incidence and angle of reflection
(c) It is God gift from the diagram.
(d) The sun’s rays travel a longer distance through
atmosphere in the morning
Ans : (d) The sun’s rays travel a longer distance
through atmosphere in the morning

2. Where should an object be placed in front of a convex

lens to get a real image of the size of the object?
(a) At the principal focus of the lens
(b) At twice the focal length
(c) At infinity
(d) Between the optical centre of the lens and its (a) 45c, 40c (b) 55c, 55c
principal focus.
(c) 60c, 60c (d) 30c, 30c
Ans : (b) At twice the focal length
Ans : (b) 55c, 55c
3. An object is placed 60 cm in front of a concave
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mirror. The real image formed by the mirror is located
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mirror
(c) half the distance of the object in front of the
mirror 8. Velocity of light in air is 3 # 108 m/s . While its velocity
(d) behind the mirror in a medium is 1.5 # 108 m/s . Then, refractive index
of this medium is
Ans : (d) behind the mirror (a) 3 (b) 5
(c) 0.5 (d) 2
5. Light waves
(a) Require air or another gas to travel through Ans : (d) 2
(b) Require an electric field to travel through Refractive index of medium with respect to air,
(c) Require a magnetic field to travel through Speed of light in air
a ng =
(d) Can travel through perfect vacuum Speed of light in medium
8
Ans : (d) Can travel through perfect vacuum a ng = 3 # 10 8 = 2
1.5 # 10
6. An object is placed 40.0 cm in front of a convex mirror.
9. Focal length of a plane mirror is
The image appears 15 cm behind the mirror. What is
(a) zero (b) infinite

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Chap 10 : Light, Reflection and Refraction www.cbse.online

(c) 25 cm (d) - 25 i + r = 90c

Ans : (b) infinite r = 90c - i
Focal length of a plane mirror is infinite. m = sin i = sin i = tan i
sin (90 - i) cos i
10. An object is placed at a distance of 10 cm in front of a
i = tan-1 (m)
plane mirror, then the distance of image from mirror
will be 16. An object is situated at a distance of f/2 from a convex
(a) 5 cm (b) 10 cm lens of focal length f . Distance of image will be
(c) 20 cm (d) 0 (a) + (f/2) (b) + (f/3)
Ans : (b) 10 cm (c) + (f/4) (d) - f
The distance of image is equal to the distance of Ans : (d) - f
object from mirror. Therefore, the distance of image 1-1 = 1
from mirror is 10 cm. For a spherical lens
v u f
11. The radius of curvature of concave mirror is 12 cm. For convex lens, u =- f/2 and f is Posi-
Then, the focal length will be tive
(a) 12 cm (b) 6 cm
1 = 1 + 1 + 1 =+ 1 - 2
(c) - 24 cm (d) - 6 cm v (- f) u (- f) f f
Ans : (d) - 6 cm v =- f
Given, radius of curvature, R = 12 cm 17. Two plane mirrors are set at right angle and a flower is
We know that the focal length of concave mirror has placed in between the mirrors. The number of images
negative value. of the flower which will be seen is
Hence, focal length, f = - R = - 12 =- 6 cm (a) One (b) Two
2 2
(c) Three (d) Four
12. A man is 6.0 ft tall. What is the smallest size plane
Ans : (c) Three
mirror he can use to see his entire image
(a) 3.0 ft (b) 6.0 ft
18. An object is placed 20 cm from the concave mirror of
(c) 12 ft (d) 24 ft
focal length 10 cm, then image is formed at
Ans : (a) 30 ft (a) behind the mirror
(b) between the mirror and focus
13. A spherical mirror and a thin spherical lens have each (c) at focus
a focal length of -15 cm. The mirror and the lens are
(d) centre of curvature of mirror
likely to be
(a) both concave Ans : (d) centre of curvature of mirror
(b) both convex Given, focal length of concave mirror,
(c) the mirror is concave and the lens is convex. f =- 10 cm
(d) the mirror is convex, but the lens is concave. Distance of object from concave mirror,
Ans : (a) both concave u =- 20 cm
From the mirror formula,
14. Which of the following lenses would you prefer to use 1+1 = 1
while reading small letters found in a dictionary? u v f
(a) A convex lens of focal length 50 cm. 1 +1 = 1
(b) A concave lens of focal length 50 cm. - 20 v - 10
(c) A convex lens of focal length 5 cm. 1 = 1 - 1 = 1 - 2 = -1
(d) A concave lens of focal length 5 cm. v 20 10 20 20
Ans : (c) A convex lens of focal length 5 cm. v = - 20 cm
Hence, the image is formed at the centre of curvature
15. One light wave is incident upon a plate of refracting of mirror.
index m . Incident angle i , for which refractive &
19. The refractive index of dens flint glass is 1.65 and
reflective waves are mutually perpendicular will be
for alcohol, it is 1.36 with respect to air, then the
(a) i = 45c (b) i = sin-1 (m)
refractive index of the dens flint glass with respect to
(c) i = cosec-1 (m) (d) i = tan-1 (m) alcohol is
Ans : (d) i = tan-1 (m) (a) 1.31 (b) 1.21
(c) 1.11 (d) 1.01
sin i = m
sin r Ans : (b) 1.21
Angle between refractive & reflective waves Given,
180c - (i + r) = 90c Refractive index of flint glass with respect to air

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Chap 10 : Light, Reflection and Refraction www.cbse.online

na = 1.36
nf 1 =- 1 + 1 = -1
n =
f a = 1.65 = 1.21 v f 2f 2f
na 1.36
Thus, the refractive index of flint glass with respect v = - 2f
to alcohol is 1.21. Distance of image from pole is 2f .

20. A virtual image three times the size of the object is 23. A perfectly reflecting mirror has an area of 1 cm2 .
obtained with a concave mirror of radius of curvature Light energy is allowed to fall on it for an hour at the
36 cm. The distance of the object from the mirror is rate of 10 Wcm-2 . The force that acts on the mirror is
(a) 20 cm (b) 10 cm (a) 3.35 # 10-7 N (b) 6.7 # 10-7 N
-8
(c) 12 cm (d) 5 cm (c) 3.35 # 10 N (d) 6.7 # 10-8 N
Ans : (c) 12 cm Ans : (d) 6.7 # 10-8 N
Let n photons fall on mirror each having frequency v1
We know that, f =R energy of all photons is 1 sec is = 10 J = nv
2

f = 36 = 18 Rate of change of momentum = 2nbv (after reflection)

2 c

Magnification, m =3 = 2 # 10 = 20 8 = 6.7 # 10-8 N

c 3 # 10
f
m =
u-f 24. Refractive index of diamond with respect to glass is
1.6. If the absolute refractive index of glass is 1.5, then
- 3 = 18
u - 18 the absolute refractive index of diamond is
(a) 1.4 (b) 2.4
u = 12 cm
(c) 3.4 (d) 4.4
21. A convex mirror of focal length of produces an image Ans : (b) 2.4
1 of the size of the object. The distance of the object
nth Given, d m g = 1.6 and m g = 1.5
from the mirror is Refractive index of diamond with respect to glass
(a) n + 1 f (b) (n + 1) f
n = Absolute refractive index of diamond
Absolute refractive index of glass (m g)
(c) (n - 1) f (d) n - 1 f So, absolute refractive index of diamond
n
Ans : (c) (n - 1) f = Refractive index of diamond glass
1+1 = 1 (d m g) # Absolute refractive index of glass (m g)
u v f m d = 1.6 # 1.5 = 2.4
Take real + ve , virtual =- ve
25. A ray of light from a denser medium strikes a rarer
Sign convention, n = I =v =1 medium at an angle of incidence as shown in figure.
O u m
The reflected and refracted rays make an angle of 90c
v =u with each other. The angles of reflection and refraction
m are r and rl. The critical angle is
1 -n = 1
u u f

f = u
0-n
u = f (1 - n)
Required distance =- u = (n - 1) f

22. An object is placed at the centre of curvature of a

concave mirror. The distance between its image and
the pole is
(a) equal to f (b) between f and 2f
(c) equal to 2f (d) greater than 2f
Ans : (c) equal to 2f
An object is at c ,
u =- c = - 2f (a) sin-1 (tan r) (b) sin-1 (tan i)
Mirror formula, 1 = 1+1 (c) sin-1 (tan rl) (d) tan-1 (tan i)
f u v
Ans : (a) sin-1 (tan r)
For concave mirror, f is negative
- 1 =- 1 + 1 From figure, i = r and rl = 90c - r
f 2f v
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Chap 10 : Light, Reflection and Refraction www.cbse.online
sin (90c - r) is the refracted image of the object O . The object
Now, n = sin i = sin rl =
sin r sin r sin r distance u is PO and the image distance V is PI . [P
is the pole of the spherical surface].
n = cos r = 1
sin r tan r m 2 m1 (m - m 1)
We have, - = 2
1 v u R
We know that, n =
sin C 1 - 1.5 = (1 - 1.5)
So that
where, C = critical angle v (- 3) (- 5)
1 = 1 rearranging the above equation, we obtain.
sin C tan r 1 = 0.5 - 1.5 = - 6
v 5 3 15
C = sin-1 (tan r)
v = - 2.5 cm
26. A convex lens A of focal length 20 cm and a concave
lens B of focal length 5 cm are kept along the same 28. If the refractive indices for water and diamond relative
axis with a distance d between them. If a parallel to air are 1.33 and 2.4 respectively, then the refractive
beam of light falling on A leaves B as a parallel beam, index of diamond relative to water is-
then the distance d in cm will be (a) .55 (b) 1.80
(a) 25 (b) 15 (c) 3.19 (d) None of these
(c) 30 (d) 50 Ans : (b) 1.80
Ans : (b) 15
29. There is an equiconvex lens of focal length of 20cm.
The situation is shown in figure. In the absence of
concave lens, the parallel beam will be focussed at f 2 If the lens is cut into two equal parts perpendicular
i.e. at a distance 20 cm from the lens A. The focal to the principle axis, the focal lengths of each part
length of concave lens is 5 cm. i.e. if this lens is placed will be
at 5 cm from f 2, then the beam will become parallel. (a) 20 cm (b) 10 cm
So, d = 15 cm . (c) 40 cm (d) 15 cm
Ans : (c) 40 cm

30. An object is placed in front of a screen and a convex

lens is placed at a position such that the size of the
image formed is 9 cm. When the lens is shifted through
a distance of 20 cm. the size of the image becomes 1
cm. The focal length of the lens and the size of the
object are respectively.
(a) 7.5 cm and 3.5 cm (b) 7.5 cm and 4.5 cm
(c) 6 cm and 3 cm (d) 7.5 cm and 3 cm
Ans : (d) 7.5 cm and 3 cm
If h1 and h2 are the size of the image in the two
conjugate positions, the size of the object is given by
h = (h1 h2) = (9 # 1) = 3 cm
27. A thick plane convex lens made of crown glass
(refractive index 1.5) has thickness of 3 cm at its Considering the formations of the image in the first
centre.
case, we have v = 9 . So that v = 3u .
u 3
Also, v = 20 + u (since, v and u
interchange in the conjugate position)
Therefore, 3u = 20 + u from which u = 10 cm
v = 20 + u = 30 cm
Focal length, f = uv
u+v
An ink mark made at the centre of its plane face, Since v is positive and u is negative in the equation,
when viewed normal through the curved face, appears 1 =1-1
to be a distance x from the curved face. Then, x is f v u
equal to
Therefore, f = 10 # 30 = 7.5 cm
(a) 2 cm (b) 2.1 cm (10 + 30)
(c) 2.3 cm (d) 2.5 cm
31. An object is placed 60 cm in front of a convex mirror.
Ans : (d) 2.5 cm The virtual image formed by the mirror is located
The ray of light from the object O gets refracted 30 cm behind the mirror. What is the object’s
at the interface between lens and air and therefore magnification
appears to start from the point I in figure. So, I (a) + 2 (b) - 2

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Chap 10 : Light, Reflection and Refraction www.cbse.online

(c) + 0.5 (d) - 0.5 (a) some materials absorb light waves.
Ans : (c) + 0.5 (b) Some materials refracted by some materials.
(c) Light waves are refracted by some materials.
32. Light rays A and B fall on optical component X and (d) Light waves are emitted by some materials.
come out as C and D . Ans : (c) Light waves are refracted by some materials.

2. FILL IN THE BLANK

DIRECTION : Complete the following statements with an
appropriate word/term to be filled in the blank space(s).

1. Two immiscible transparent liquids A and B have 1.2

The optical component is a and 1.4 as their refractive indices (with respect to air).
(a) concave lens (b) convex lens The refractive index of B with respect to A is..........
(c) convex mirror (d) prism Ans : 5/4

Ans : (a) concave lens 2. The power of a convex lens is .......... and that of a
concave lens is ..........
33. An object is placed 20.0 cm in front of a concave
Ans : Positive, negative
mirror whose focal length is 25.0 cm. What is the
magnification of the object?
3. Light seems to travel in .........
(a) + 5.0 (b)- 5.0
Ans : Straight lines
(c) + 0.20 (d) - 0.20
Ans : (a) + 5.0 4. Power of a lens is the reciprocal of its ..........
Ans : Focal length
34. An object is placed at the radius of curvature of a
concave spherical mirror. The image formed by the
5. The SI unit of power of a lens is .........
mirror is
(a) located at the focal point of the mirror. Ans : Dioptre
(b) located between the focal point and the radius of
6. The centre of the reflecting surface of a spherical
curvature of the mirror.
mirror is a point called the .........
(c) located at the center of curvature of the mirror.
Ans : Pole
(d) located out beyond the center of curvature of the
mirror.
7. The mirror used in the construction of shaving glass
Ans : (c) located at the center of curvature of the is .......... mirror.
mirror. Ans : Concave

35. An object is placed 20.0 cm in front of a concave 8. An object is placed in front of a spherical mirror. The
mirror whose focal length is 25.0 cm. Where is the image is found to be virtual for all positions of the
image located? object. The spherical mirror is .........
(a) 1.0 # 102 cm in front of the mirror
Ans : Convex
(b) 1.0 # 102 cm behind the mirror
(c) 5.0 # 101 cm in front of the mirror 9. The angle of incidence is ......... to the angle of
(d) 5.0 # 101 cm behind the mirror reflection.
Ans : (b) 1.0 # 102 cm behind the mirror Ans : Equal

36. Which statement best describes the property of light 10. The reflecting surface of a spherical mirror may be
waves illustrated in the diagram below? curved .......... or .........
Ans : Inwards, outwards

11. The surface of the spoon can be approximated to a

......... mirror.
Ans : Concave

12. Line passing through the pole and the centre of

curvature of a spherical mirror is called the ..........
Ans : Principal axis

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13. Parallel rays of light are reflected by a concave mirror answer as true of false.
to a point called the .......... . The focal length is the
distance from the .......... to the pole of mirror. 1. A lens of power 1 dioptre must have a focal length of
Ans : Focus point, focus 1 cm.
Ans : False
14. Light is a form of .......... and it travels in a ..........
Ans : energy, straight line 2. Convex mirrors enable the driver to view much larger
area than would be possible with a plane mirror.
15. A ray of light passes ......... after refraction through Ans : True
the optical centre of a thin lens.
Ans : straight 3. A convex lens always forms a real image for a real
object.
16. A ray parallel to the principal axis, after reflection, Ans : False
will pass through the ............
Ans : Principal focus 4. A concave lens will always give a virtual, erect and
diminished image.
sin i = m is called .......... law. Ans : True
17.
sin r
Ans : Snell’s 5. A glass slab can produce lateral displacement which
occurs in the direction of the light.
18. A light ray travelling obliquely from a denser medium Ans : True
to a rarer medium bends ......... the normal when it
travels obliquely from a rarer to a denser medium. 6. A ray of light passing through the optical centre of a
Ans : Away from, towards lens will emerge without any deviation.
Ans : True
19. In case of a rectangular glass slab, the refraction takes
place at both ......... interface and .......... interface. 7. All the distances measured in a direction opposite to
The emergent ray is .......... to the direction of incident that of incident rays are taken as negative.
ray. Ans : True
Ans : Air-glass, glass-air, parallel
8. A plane mirror can form virtual images.
20. The centre of curvature of a concave mirror lies in Ans : True
......... of it.
Ans : Front 9. An object is placed in front of a mirror and an image of
it is formed at the object itself. The mirror mentioned
21. According to the new cartesian sign convention, the in question is a convex mirror.
focal length of a convex lens is .......... and focal length Ans : True
of a concave lens is ..........
Ans : Positive, negative 10. A concave mirror can produce both real and virtual
images.
22. A concave mirror .......... rays of light, whereas a Ans : True
convex mirror .......... rays of light.
Ans : converges, diverges 11. Light travels faster in glass than in air.
Ans : False
23. The dentists use .......... mirrors to see large images of
the teeth of patients. 12. A lens that is thicker at the middle than at the edge
Ans : Concave is a diverging lens.
Ans : False
24. A transparent material bound by two surfaces, of
which one or both surfaces are spherical, forms a ......... 13. The refractive index of a transparent medium is the
Ans : Lens ratio of the speed of light in vacuum to that in the
medium.
25. The degree of ......... of light rays achieved by a lens is Ans : True
expressed in terms of its power.
Ans : Convergence or divergence 14. A concave mirror always produces inverted image.
Ans : False
3. TRUE/FALSE
15. The reflecting surfaces, of all types, obey the laws of
reflection.
DIRECTION : Read the following statements and write your
Ans : True
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16. Light travels in vacuum with an enormous speed of Column I Column II

3 # 108 ms-1 .
Ans : True (B) Power of concave (q) Negative power
mirror
17. The speed of light is different in different media. (C) Power of plane mirror (r) Zero power
Ans : True (D) Power of convex lens (s) Infinite power
Ans : A-q, B-p, C-r, D-p
18. Light has transverse wave nature.
Ans : True
2. The graphs given apply to convex lens of focal length
f , producing a real at a distance v from the optical
19. The laws of reflection are valid for plane mirrors and
centre when self luminous object is at distance u from
not for spherical mirrors. the optical centre. The magnitude of magnification is
Ans : False m . Identify the following graphs with the first named
quantity being plotted along y-axis.
20. The mirror formula is valid only if the aperture of the
mirror is small. Column I Column II
Ans : True (A) n against u (p)

21. When a ray of light travels from air to water, its

speeds up.
Ans : False

22. The incident ray, the normal to the mirror at the

point of incidence and the reflected ray, all lie in the (B) 1 against 1 (q)
n u
same plane.
Ans : True

23. Image formed by a plane mirror is always virtual and

erect.
Ans : False (C) m against n (r)
Plane mirror can form real image as shown.

(D) (m + 1) against n (s)

f

24. The principal focus of a spherical mirror lies midway

between the pole and centre of curvature. Ans : A-r, B-s, C-q, D-p
Ans : True
3. A convex lens (f) forms an images on a screen
Considering the object to be at the zero mark in a
4. MATCHING QUESTIONS scale, match the following.

Column I Column II
DIRECTION : Each question contains statements given in
two columns which have to be matched. Statements (A, B, C, (A) Image (p) Moves the image
D) in column-I have to be matched with statements (p, q, r, s) of infinite object
in column II. further away
(B) Additional lens (q) Not unique as lens
1. Match the Following in contact is moved between
object and source.
Column I Column II
(C) Reduction in (r) Virtual for screen
(A) Power of convex (p) Positive power
refractive index position at a distance
mirror
< 4f from the
object.

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Column I Column II Column I Column II

(D) Slicing the (s) Object at d forms (C) (r) Magnified image
lens to have real image further
one plane and convex surface nearer
another plano-convex lens.

A B C D
(D) (s) Image at infinity
(a) p, q q r q,r
(b) r q q, r, s r, s
(c) p, r s p p, r
(d) p q, r r s
Ans : (c) A-p,r, B-s, C-p, D-p, r A B C D

4. In the following columns, the position of an object is (a) p, q q r, s q,r

given is column I and the nature of image formed in a (b) p q, r, s q p, q, r, s p, q, r, s
concave mirror is given in column II.
(c) p, s q r, s, t r
Column I Column II (d) p q, r r s
(Position of object) (Nature of image)
Ans : (b) A-p, q, r, s, B-q, C-p, q, r, s, D-p, q, r, s
(A) At infinity (p) Real
(B) Between infinity and (q) Inverted 6.
centre of curvature
Column I Column II
(C) At centre of (r) Diminished
curvature 1. Reflection (a) The radius of that sphere
of which the mirror is a
(D) At focus (s) Enlarged part.
(t) Same size 2. Refraction (b) The bouncing back of light
from a smooth surface.
A B C D 3. Incident ray (c) A mirror whose reflecting
(a) p, q q r, s q,r surface is the part of a
hollow sphere.
(b) r, s q, r s, t p, q, r, s
4. Spherical (d) The bending of light,
(c) p, s q r, s, t r
mirror when it passes from one
(d) p, q, r p, q, r p, q, t p, q medium to another.
Ans : (d) A-p, q, r, B-p, q, r, C-p, q, t, D-p, q 5. Rarer medi- (e) A ray of light that strikes
um the reflecting surface.
5. An optical component and an object S placed along 6. Denser me- (f) It is the degree of
its optic axis are given in Column I. The distance dium convergence or divergence
between the object and the component can be visaed. of light rays achieved by
The properties of images are given in Column II. a lens.
Match all the properties of images from Column II
7. Radius of (g) A medium in which the
with the appropriate components given in Column I.
curvature speed of light is less.
Column I Column II 8. Focal length (h) The centres of spheres
(A) (p) Real image which form the part of the
surface of the lens.
9. Optic centre (i) The distance of the
principal focus from the
pole of the mirror.
10. Power of (j) A medium in which the
(B) (q) Virtual image
lens speed of light is more.
Ans : 1-(b), 2-(d), 3-(e), 4-(c), 5-(j), 6-(g), 7-(a), 8-(i),
9-(h), 10-(f)

5. ASSERTION AND REASON

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Chap 10 : Light, Reflection and Refraction www.cbse.online
DIRECTION : In the following questions, a statement of 7. Assertion : The focal length of a convex mirror of
assertion (A) is followed by a statement of reason (R). Mark
radius R is equal to, f = b m g = 3 l .
the correct choice as: 2
(a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and Reason : The focal length of convex lens in water
reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion becomes 4f .
(A). Ans : (d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
(b) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but 3
reason (R) is not the correct explanation of mg - 1 b 2 - 1l
a
fw = f m =f 3 = 4f
assertion (A). ^ m - 1h
a g

(c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.

a g
e 24 - 1 o
3
(d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
(e) Both Assertion and Reason are false. 8. Assertion : The speed of light in glass depends on
colour of light.
1. Assertion : A point object is placed at a distance of 26 Reason : The speed of light in glass vg = c the
ng
cm from a convex mirror of focal length 26 cm. The refractive index (ng) of glass is different for different
image will not form at infinity. colours.
Reason : For above given system the equation Ans : (a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true
1 + 1 = 1 gives n = 3. and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion
u n f
(A).
Ans : (c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
9. Assertion : If the rays are diverging after emerging
2. Assertion : Keeping a point object fixed, if a plane from a lens; the lens must be concave.
mirror is moved, the image will also move. Reason : The convex lens can give diverging rays.
Reason : In case of a plane mirror, distance of object Ans : (d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true
and Its image is equal from any point on the mirror.
If the rays cross focal point of convex lens, they
Ans : (d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
become diverging.
3. Assertion : If both plane mirror and object are moved 10. Assertion : Light travels faster in glass than in air.
through a distance x , then the image moves through Reason : Glass is denser than air.
a distance 2x . Ans : (d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
Reason : When the object is fixed and plane mirror is
moved through a distance x . Then the image is also
11. Assertion : A ray of light incident along the normal to
moves through the distance 2x .
the plane mirror retraces its path after reflection from
Ans : (c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false. the mirror.
Reason : A ray of light along the normal has angle of
4. Assertion : If a spherical mirror is dipped in water, its incidence as p/2 and hence, it retraces its own path
focal length remains unchanged. after reflection from mirror.
Reason : A laser light is focused by a converging lens. Ans : (c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
There will be a significant chromatic aberration.
Angle of incidence = Angle between incident ray
Ans : (c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
normal to the mirror = 0c
5. Assertion : Large concave mirrors are used to 12. Assertion : The height of an object is always considered
concentrate sunlight to produce heat in solar cookers. positive.
Reason : Concave mirror converges the light rays Reason : An object is always placed above the principal
falling on it to a point. axis in this upward direction.
Ans : (a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true Ans : (a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true
and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion
(A). (A).
Concave mirror converges the light rays falling on
it to a point. So large concave mirrors are used to 13. Assertion : Refractive index has no units.
concentrate sunlight to produce heat in solar cookers. Reason : The refractive index is a ratio of two similar
quantities.
6. Assertion : Plane mirror may form real image. Ans : (a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true
Reason : Plane mirror forms virtual image, if objects and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion
is real. (A).
Ans : (b) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are
true but reason (R) is not the correct explanation of 14. Assertion : When a concave mirror is held under
assertion (A). water, its focal length will increase.
Plane mirror forms virtual image of real object and Reason : The focal length of a concave mirror is
real image of virtual object. independent of the medium in which it is placed.
Ans : (d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.

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15. Assertion : A ray incident along normal to the mirror focal length.
retraces its path. Ans : (a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true
Reason : In reflection, angle of incidence is always and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion
equal to angle of reflection. (A).
Ans : (a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true
and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion 22. Assertion : Red light travels faster in glass than green
(A). light.
When light ray incident along normal to the mirror, Reason : The refractive index of glass is less for red
angle of incidence +i = 0c. According to law of light than for green light.
reflection +i = +r , therefore angle of reflection Ans : (a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true
+r = 0c, i.e. the incident ray retraces its path. and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion
(A).
16. Assertion : A convex mirror is used as a driver’s
mirror. 23. Assertion : For observing traffic at back, the driver
Reason : Because convex mirror’s field of view is large mirror is convex mirror.
and images formed are virtual, erect and diminsed. Reason : A convex mirror has much larger field of
Ans : (a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true view than a plane mirror.
and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion Ans : (a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true
(A). and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion
(A).
17. Assertion : When a concave mirror is held under
water, its focal length will increase. 24. Assertion : The image formed by a concave mirror is
Reason : The focal length of a concave mirror is certainly real if the object is virtual.
independent of the medium in which it is placed. Reason : The image formed by a concave mirror is
Ans : (d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true. certainly virtual if the object is real.
Focal length is the property of mirror and is Ans : (c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false
independent of the medium in which it is placed. The image of real object may be real in case of concave
mirror.
18. Assertion : A virtual image cannot be photographed.
Reason : Only real objects are photographed. 25. Assertion : When the object moves with a velocity nv
Ans : (c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false. , its image in the plane mirror moves with a velocity
An image is a plane mirror is virtual and it can be of - 2nv .
photographed. Reason : The minimum height of the mirror to be
required to see the full image of man of height h is h .
19. Assertion : If both object and plane mirror are moved 2
Ans : (b) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are
through a distance x , then the image moves through
true but reason (R) is not the correct explanation of
a distance 2x .
assertion (A).
Reason : If object is fixed and plane mirror is moved
through a distance x then the image also moves
26. Assertion : When the object moves with a velocity
through a distance 2x .
2 m/s, its image in the plane mirror moves with a
Ans : (c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false. velocity of 4 m/s.
Reason : The image formed by a plane mirror is as far
20. Assertion : Higher is the refractive index of a medium behind the mirror as the object is in front of it.
or denser the medium, lesser if the velocity of light in
Ans : (a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true
that medium.
and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion
Reason : Refractive index is inversely proportional to
(A).
velocity.
Ans : (a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true 27. Assertion : A convex mirror is used as a driver’s
and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion mirror.
(A). Reason : Convex mirrors have a wider field of view
According to Snell’s law, as they are curved outwards. They also give an erect,
sin i = n2 = c/v2 = v1 though diminished image.
sin r n1 c/v1 v2 Ans : (a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true
and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion
n1 v1 = n2 v2
(A).
This shows that higher is the refractive index of a
medium or denser the medium, lesser is the velocity of
light in that medium. 28. Assertion : The small object, to be seen in a microscope,
is kept within the two foci of its objective.
21. Assertion : Mirror formula can be applied to a plane Reason : In this case, the image formed by the
mirror. objective is nearer to the eyepiece.
Reason : A plane mirror is a spherical mirror of infinite Ans : (c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.

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Object is placed between F and 2F of objective lens.

29. Assertion : As light travels from one medium to

another, the frequency of light does not change.
Reason : Because frequency is the characteristic of
source.
Ans : (a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true
and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion
(A).
Angle of reflection = 0c (from laws of reflection)
30. Assertion : Light rays retrace their path when their Hence, the reflected ray retraces its path along the
direction is reversed (Law of reversibility of light rays) normal at an angle 0c with normal.
Reason : For the refraction light, water is denser than
air, but for the refraction of sound, water is rarer than 35. Assertion : The mirror used in search lights are
air. concave spherical.
Ans : (b) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are Reason : In concave spherical mirror the image formed
true but reason (R) is not the correct explanation of is always virtual.
assertion (A). Ans : (c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.

31. Assertion : Speed of light in glass of 36. Assertion : Refractive index of glass with respect to
air is different for red light and violet light.
m = 1.5 is2 # 108 m/ sec
Reason : Refractive index of a pair of media depends
Reason : According to dual theory, light has particle
on the wavelength of light used.
nature and wave nature simultaneously.
Ans : (a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true
Ans : (c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion
(A).
32. Assertion : It is not possible to see a virtual image
by eye. Refractive index of any pair of media is inversely
Reason : The rays that seem to emanate from a virtual proportional to wavelength of light.
image do not in fact emanates from the image. Hence, g u < gr
Ans : (d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true. mr < m u
where, g u and g r are the wavelengths of violet and
33. Assertion : Plane mirror may form real image. red light. m u and m u are refractive index of violet and
Reason : Plane mirror forms virtual image, if objects red light.
is real.
Ans : (b) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are 37. Assertion : The focal length of the convex mirror will
true but reason (R) is not the correct explanation of increase, if the mirror is placed in water.
assertion (A). Reason : The focal length of a convex mirror of radius
Plane mirror may form real image, if object is virtual. R is equal to, f = R
2
Ans : (d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
Focal length of the spherical mirror does not depend
on the medium which it placed.

38. Assertion : As the temperature of a medium increases

the refractive index decreases.
Reason : When a ray travels from vacuum to a
medium, then m is known as absolute refractive index
of the medium. (m vacuum = 1).
Ans : (b) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are
true but reason (R) is not the correct explanation of
34. Assertion : An object is placed at a distance of f from assertion (A).
a convex mirror of focal length f, its image will form
at infinity. 39. Assertion : Concave mirrors are used as make-up
Reason : The distance of image in convex mirror can mirrors.
never be infinity. Reason : When the face is held within the focus of a
Ans : (d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true concave mirror, then a diminished image of the face is
seen in the concave mirror.
The distance of image in convex mirror is always finite.
Ans : (c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.

40. Assertion : Propagation of light through an optical

fibre is due to total internal reflection taking palce at
the core-clade interface.
Reason : Refractive index of the material of the core
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Chap 10 : Light, Reflection and Refraction www.cbse.online

of the optical fibre is greater than of air.

Ans : (b) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are
true but reason (R) is not the correct explanation of
assertion (A).
Optical fibre communication is based on the
phenomenon of total internal reflection at core-clade
interface. The refractive index of the material of the
cladding, hence, light sinking at core-cladding interface
gets totally internal reflected. The light undergoes and
reaches the other end of the fibre.

41. Assertion : The refractive index of diamond is 6

and refractive index of liquid is 3 . If the light travels
from diamond to the liquid, it will initially reflected
when the angle of incidence is 30c.
Reason : m = 1 , where m is the refractive index of
sin C
diamond with respect to liquid.
Ans : (a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true
and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion
(A).
Refractive index of diamond w.r.t. liquid
m
l
mb = 1 = d
sin C m1
6 = 1
3 sin C

sin C = 1 = sin 45c

2
C = 45c
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