HISTORY

OF ARCHITECTURE 4
PHILIPPINE
ARCHITECTURE
I AM A FILIPINO ARCHITECT AND I ONLY DESIGN FILIPINO I AR.MANOSA
EBSTER LECTURE SERIES
AR.YVES JAN A. ATIENZA, UAP
 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4
P H I L I P P I N E A R C H I T E C T U RE

• Early Period or Pre-Spanish Period

• Pre-Colonial Period I Bahay Kubo
• Spanish Colonial Period I Bahay na Bato
• Historical Churches
• Heritage Conservation
• American Colonial Period
• Famous Filipino Architects + Works
• Philippine Modern Buildings
• Vernacular Terms in Architecture
History of Architecture Summary
HISTORY •
OF ARCHITECTURE 4

EBSTER LECTURE SERIES

AR.YVES JAN A. ATIENZA, UAP
 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4
P H I L I P P I N E A R C H I T E C T U RE

• Early Period or Pre-Spanish Period

• Pre-Colonial Period I Bahay Kubo
• Spanish Colonial Period I Bahay na Bato
• Historical Churches
• Heritage Conservation
• American Colonial Period
• Famous Filipino Architects + Works
• Philippine Modern Buildings
• Vernacular Terms in Architecture
History of Architecture Summary
HISTORY •
OF ARCHITECTURE 4

EBSTER LECTURE SERIES

AR.YVES JAN A. ATIENZA, UAP
PHILIPPINE CHURCHES
 HISTORICALCHURCHES
BRIEF INFORMATION RELIGIOUS ORDERS TO
Philippine Churches are simple, ARRIVE IN THE PHILIPPINES
patterned rectangular or cruciform
with simple naves and aisles. The statues at the rear of the old San
Ignacio Church ruins in
Thick walls reinforced with heavy Intramuros represent the first five
buttresses for earthquakes protection religious orders to arrive in the
Philippines. Unfortunately, the markers
Immense sizes because of colonial that describe each friar order are no
policy which dictated that a church longer there. National Artist Nick
should be built for every 5000 Joaquin wrote an essay about the
baptized significant contribution of each friar
order to arrive in the Philippines. These
Materials used include: Volcanic Tuff “Paladins of Cloth” were the
(Adobe), hardened lava, volcanic Augustinians, the Franciscans, the
ejecta, sandstone, river boulders, Jesuits, the Dominicans and the
clay, corals, limestone, oyster shells Recollects.
and eggs.
AGUSTINIANS, 1565
The Augustinians came to the
Philippines with the Legaspi expedition
in 1525 as represented by Fray Andres
de Urdaneta. With him were four other
Augustinian missionaries. The
Augustinians were known to build the
oldest church in the Philippines. This is
the church and convent of St. Paul or
more popularly known as the San
Agustine Church.
FRANCISCANS 1578
The second group of friars to arrive in the
Philippines was the Franciscans or Order of Friar
Minor (June 24, 1578). This religious order
established their mother church inside Intramuros in
honor of Nuestra Senora de los Angeles (Our Lady
of Angels). Today, the Mapua Institute stands on
the site of the old Franciscan church. The mother
church of the Franciscans is currently located at
the Santuario de San pedro in Quezon City. Fray
Juan Clemente OFM was a famous Franciscan lay
brother who established the Hospital de San Juan
de Dios in Intramuros near the Parian. San Juan de
Dios stood in Intramuros for over 300 years until it
was destroyed by the last world war. Today, the
Lyceum occupies the site. The Franciscans are also
known to have established the leprosarium Hospital
de San Lazaro. San Lazaro Hospital is located in
Sta. Cruz Manila and it is known as quarantine for
deadly diseases and rabies vaccine.
 JESUITS-1581
The Jesuits or the Society of Jesus arrived in Manila on
September 17, 1581. The Jesuits are known as educators who
founded the school Colegio de Manila or Colegio Maximo de
San Ignacio in Intramuros in 1590. They also built their first
school and mother church and convent where
the Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Maynila presently stands. The
Jesuits surrendered all their properties to the civil government
when they were expelled from all Spanish territories in mid-18
century. Upon their return in 1859, the Jesuit began to take
over the Escuela Municipal de Manila, which currently known
as the Ateneo de Manila University. The mother church was
built right next to the school and was named in honor of the
founder of the Jesuit order, San Ignacio de Loyola. The Jesuits
also establish the Manila Observatory in Padre Faura St. Ermita.
Robinson’s Place Manila now occupies the former Jesuit
Observatory.
DOMINICANS,1587
The Dominicans or the Order of Preachers
were the fourth friar arrival. 15 Dominicans
landed in Cavite on the eve of the feast of
Mary Magdalene. These Dominicans of
the Santisimo Rosario de Filipinas would elect
St. Mary Magdalene as the protector of the
order in the Orient. Sto. Domingo de Manila
stood on the north side of Intramuros for
almost four centuries. Today, the BPI building
stands on the site. Fray Diego de Sta. Maria
started an orphan school for boys which was
adopted by the Dominican Order in 1652 as
the St. Peter and Paul School. This school is
presently known Colegio de San Juan de
Letran. It was 1611 when the Dominican
Order began organizing a boarding school
for students which is presently known as the
Pontifical and Royal University of Santo
Tomas.
 RECOLLECTS,1606
The last friars to arrive in the Philippines were the Augustinian
Recollects. The recollects initially established their mother
church outside Intramuros. In Intramuros, their motherhouse was
known as the La Yglesia y Convento de San Nicholas de
Tolentino. Today, the Manila Bulletin occupies the site. The
motherhouse of the Recollects was transferred to Quiapo
which is currently known as the all-steel church –the San
Sebastian Church.
YOURRELIGION?
BAGUIO CATHEDRAL
Our Lady of Atonement Cathedral
Romanesque Architecture
SAN AGUSTIN CHURCH
The Oldest Stone Church – Intramuros
designed by Juan macias
Baroque Architecture
BACOLOR CHURCH
Baroque Architecture
BETIS CHURCH
Guagua Pampanga
Baroque Architecture
TAAL BASILICA
BASILICA DE ST.MARTIN DE TOURS

In Taal Batangas by Fray Marcos

Anton with Ar.Don Luciano Oliver.
Built on top of the hill and
considered as largest church in
asia Renaissance Architecture
PAOAY CHURCH
PAOAY, ILOCOS NORTE

Built in 1694 by Antonio Estavillo

completed in 1710.
Baroque Architecture
BANTAY CHURCH
VIGAN, ILOCOS SUR

Oldest Mama Mary Image

Romanesque/ Gothic Architecture
MALATE CHURCH
MALATE, MANILA
Baroque Architecture
MORONG CHURCH
ST.JEROME PARISH CHURCH - RIZAL

Designed by Fr. Blas dela Madre

Baroque Architecture
FESTOONS

TUMAUINI CHURCH
SAN MATIAS PARISH CHURCH, ISABELA

Circular bell tower made of white

limestones and red clay festoons
Baroque Architecture
STO.DOMINGO CHURCH
QUEZON CITY

Tallest/ Largest Church in the Philippines

Modern Architecture
PAETE CHURCH
PAETE, LAGUNA – Santiago Apostol
Parish Church
Baroque Architecture
CAGSAWA CHURCH
Baroque Architecture
MANAOAG CHURCH
Romanesque Architecture
OBANDO CHURCH
Romanesque Architecture
BACLAYON CHURCH
BACLAYON, BOHOL
Early Renaissance Architecture
LOBOC CHURCH
ST.PETERS PARISH CHURCH COMPLEX
Biggest number of murals on walls and ceilings
Baroque Architecture
Romanesque Architecture
LAOAG CHURCH
LAOAG, ILOCOS NORTE – with sinking tower 85
meters away Baroque Architecture
UST MAIN BUILDING
Art Deco Architecture
MANILA CATHEDRAL
PRESENT – NEO ROMANESQUE
Fernando Ocampo Sr. – Restore
Immaculate Concepcion
ANTIPOLO CHURCH
Modern Architecture
PACO CHURCH
Neo Classical Architecture
BINONDO CHURCH
High Renaissance Architecture
 LAKE LANAO MOSQUE

LAKE LANAO MOSQUE

LANAO
ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE
GOLDEN MOSQUE
MANILA
ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE
PINK MOSQUE
MAGUINDANAO
ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE
 Nasīr al-Mulk Mosque
or Pink Mosque
Lotf Ali Khan Zand St, Shiraz, Iran

GOLDEN MOSQUE, MANILA

MIAG-AO CHURCH
ILO-ILO CITY
Local botanical motifs at façade reliefs
reminiscent of cookie cutouts (De Gajeta)
BAROQUE
from 16th century Mexican Architectural
Reliefs Baroque/ Romanesque
BASILICA DEL STO.NINO
CEBU CITY
BAROQUE ARCHITECTURE
BASILICA MENORE DEL STO.NINO
CEBU CITY. 2013
BASILICA MENORE DEL STO.NINO
CEBU CITY. 2016
SINULOG FESTIVAL
3RD Sunday of January
PANAY CHURCH
Panay, Capiz, Western Visayas
Neo Classical/ Baroque
PAN-AY BELL
BIGGEST BELL
In asia at 10.40 tons
Made of 70 sacks of silver and
Bronze coins donated by town
people, with 8 smaller bells
All around
National Historical Landmark
By NHCP
RETABLO
Spanish word for
Retro Table or
Behind the Table

RETABLO MENORES
Small Retablo
OUR LADY OF CANDELARIA
PARISH CHURCH
Located in Silang, Cavite and
known as the wedding capital of
the south and believed it has the
oldest retablo in the Philippines
BACLARAN CHURCH
Modern Romanesque Style
IGLESIA NI CRISTO
NEO GOTHIC ARCHITECTURE
CARLOS SANTOS VIOLA
LOKAL NG PUNTA
FIRST LOKAL OF INC IN THE PHILIPPINES

Built in 1914 located in A.Bautista Street

(Now F.Manalo) Punta, Santa Ana,
Manila. Restored in 1990 due to its
deteriorating condition now used as a
Museum for future INC members.
BLACK NAZARENE
QUIAPO CHURCH
Minor Basilica of the Black Nazarene
designed by Franciscans (1574) and
renovated by Juan Nakpil in 1973
Baroque Architecture
SAN SEBASTIAN
CHURCH
PASAJE DEL CARMEN ST. QUIAPO
MANILA

1ST All Iron Church in the World 1991

designed by Genaro Palacios.
Plans were sent to Belgium where
parts are made in sections then
transported to Manila with 8 ships,
52 tons of steel.
Myth Gustave Eiffel participation.

Neo Gothic Architecture

PADUNGAW
PLAZA DEL CARMEN, QUIAPO

A tradition happening during the

procession of the Black Nazarene
every January 9 where the Andas
pass by San Sebastian Church to
meet the image of the Virgin of Mt.
Carmel (400 year anniversary in 2018)
BALANGA CITY CATHEDRAL
BALANGA CITY, BATAAN
BAROQUE ARCHITECTURE
OLD ORANI TOWN PLAZA
OLD BALANGA TOWN PLAZA
ORIONESE CALTEX
The First Gas Station in Orion, Bataan
PROVINCIAL BUILDING AN OLD HOUSE
Balanga Bataan, 1911 Balanga Bataan, 1911
ABUCAY CHURCH HERMOSA CHURCH
Abucay, Bataan, 1911 Hermosa, Bataan, 1911
BALANGA CHURCH ORANI CHURCH
Balanga,, Bataan, 1911 Orani,, Bataan, 1911
DINALUPIHAN CHURCH SAMAL CHURCH
Dinalupihan, Bataan, 1911 Samal, Bataan, 1911
SCHOOL BUILDING
Barrio Limay, Orion, Bataan
SANTA MONICA CHURCH
SARRAT CHURCH
The biggest church in Ilocos Norte
with 14 station of the cross around it
made of bricks, constructed in 1974
by Augustinians.

Sarrat (Edralin House) is the

birthplace of President Ferdinand
Marcos. The church was famed as
the grand wedding place of Irene
Marcos Araneta.

Found on the right side is the Casa

del Palacio Real – Convent (before
town hall, now a museum.
Neo Classical/ Baroque Architecture
SANTA MONICA CHURCH
SARRAT CHURCH
The biggest church in Ilocos Norte
with 14 station of the cross around it
made of bricks, constructed in 1974
by Augustinians.

Sarrat (Edralin House) is the

birthplace of President Ferdinand
Marcos. The church was famed as
the grand wedding place of Irene
Marcos Araneta.

Found on the right side is the Casa

del Palacio Real – Convent (before
town hall, now a museum.
Neo Classical/ Baroque Architecture
Sound travels through walls
Casa del Palacio Real – Convent (before town hall, now a museum)