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    What Is Negative Skin Friction

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    aldeto71
    Negative skin friction occurs when compressible soil surrounding piles consolidates downward relative to the piles, inducing a drag load on the piles. This can happen due to placement of fill on compressible soils or lowering the water table, causing under-consolidated soils to compress. Downward soil movement of as little as 15mm can fully mobilize negative skin friction. While it does not affect geotechnical capacity, down-drag increases pile and pile cap stresses and changes axial force distribution along piles. Negative skin friction is calculated based on soil properties and pile perimeter or group area and treated as a service load rather than strength limit state.

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    What Is Negative Skin Friction

    Uploaded by

    aldeto71
    291 views4 pages
    Negative skin friction occurs when compressible soil surrounding piles consolidates downward relative to the piles, inducing a drag load on the piles. This can happen due to placement of fill on compressible soils or lowering the water table, causing under-consolidated soils to compress. Downward soil movement of as little as 15mm can fully mobilize negative skin friction. While it does not affect geotechnical capacity, down-drag increases pile and pile cap stresses and changes axial force distribution along piles. Negative skin friction is calculated based on soil properties and pile perimeter or group area and treated as a service load rather than strength limit state.

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    What is Negative Skin Friction

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    Negative skin friction occurs when compressible soil surrounding piles consolidates downward relative to the piles, inducing a drag load on the piles. This can happen due to placement of fill on compressible soils or lowering the water table, causing under-consolidated soils to compress. Downward soil movement of as little as 15mm can fully mobilize negative skin friction. While it does not affect geotechnical capacity, down-drag increases pile and pile cap stresses and changes axial force distribution along piles. Negative skin friction is calculated based on soil properties and pile perimeter or group area and treated as a service load rather than strength limit state.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    291 views4 pages

    What Is Negative Skin Friction

    Uploaded by

    aldeto71
    Negative skin friction occurs when compressible soil surrounding piles consolidates downward relative to the piles, inducing a drag load on the piles. This can happen due to placement of fill on compressible soils or lowering the water table, causing under-consolidated soils to compress. Downward soil movement of as little as 15mm can fully mobilize negative skin friction. While it does not affect geotechnical capacity, down-drag increases pile and pile cap stresses and changes axial force distribution along piles. Negative skin friction is calculated based on soil properties and pile perimeter or group area and treated as a service load rather than strength limit state.

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    What is Negative Skin Friction?

    Negative skin friction is usually a downward shear drag acting on a pile or pile group due to
    downward sinking of surrounding soil relative to the piles. This shear drag movements are
    expected to occur when a segment of the pile penetrates a compressible soil stratum that can
    consolidate. Downward drag may be caused by

    1. Placement of fill on compressible soils, lowering of the groundwater table.


    2. Placement of fill on Under-consolidated natural or compacted soils.

    These situations in the site can cause the compressible soils surrounding the piles to
    consolidate. When the tip of pile is bearing in a relatively stiff stratum, the upper
    compressible soil will move down relative to the pile this will induce a drag load on the pile/pile
    group. This induced drag load can be quite large and it should be added to the design load for
    assessing the stresses in the pile.

    PILE SLEEVES – REDUCE NEGATIVE SKIN FRICTION


    Vesic found that a relative downward drop of as slight as 15mm of the soil with respect to the pile
    may be ample to mobilize full negative skin friction. Though the geotechnical capacity of the pile
    is unaffected by down-drag, it does serve to increase the stresses & increase settlement in the
    pile/pile cap. It changes the axial force distribution pattern along the pile shaft.
    From geotechnical point of view, it is a Service State problem.

    Calculating Negative Skin Friction


    HOW TO MEASURE DOWNDRAG LOAD – VIBRATING WIRE GAGES
    For pile groups, it can be presumed that there is no relative displacement between the piles and
    the soil in-between the piles. Thus, the total force acting down is equal to the weight of the block
    of soil held between the piles, plus the shear adjacent to the pile group perimeter due to negative
    skin friction. The avg. downward load transferred to a pile in a pile group can be estimated by
    Q = 1/N [A x g x L + s x L x P]
    Where,

     Q = Average downward load transferred to a pile in a pile group


     A = horizontal area bounded by the pile group or cross-sectional area of piles and enclosed
    soil
     N = no. of piles in pile group
     g = unit weight of fill or compressible soil layers
     L = length of embedment above the bottom of the compressible soil layers
     s = shear resistance of the soil
     P = perimeter of the area A
    Field example for Negative Skin Friction – Pile Detached from pile Cap
    For a single pile, the downward load transferred to the pile is equal to the shearing resistance
    along the pile as
    Q = s x L x P’
    Where,

     P’ = perimeter of pile.

    The total applied load (QT) on a pile group or single pile is the live load, dead load, and the drag
    load due to negative skin friction.
    QT = Q + A x g x L + s x L x P for pile group
    QT = Q + s x L x P’ – for single pile
    Where,

     Q = LL+DL
    GAGES INSTALLED AFTER DRIVING

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