Gliclazide is an antidiabetic drug used to control blood sugar in type 2 diabetes when diet and exercise are not enough. It works by stimulating the pancreas to release insulin and making cells more sensitive to insulin. Common side effects include hypoglycemia and gastrointestinal issues. It should not be used in pregnancy, lactation, or with other medications that can also lower blood sugar such as alcohol. Nurses monitor patients for hypoglycemia and educate them about signs, diet, exercise and medication adherence.
Gliclazide is an antidiabetic drug used to control blood sugar in type 2 diabetes when diet and exercise are not enough. It works by stimulating the pancreas to release insulin and making cells more sensitive to insulin. Common side effects include hypoglycemia and gastrointestinal issues. It should not be used in pregnancy, lactation, or with other medications that can also lower blood sugar such as alcohol. Nurses monitor patients for hypoglycemia and educate them about signs, diet, exercise and medication adherence.
Gliclazide is an antidiabetic drug used to control blood sugar in type 2 diabetes when diet and exercise are not enough. It works by stimulating the pancreas to release insulin and making cells more sensitive to insulin. Common side effects include hypoglycemia and gastrointestinal issues. It should not be used in pregnancy, lactation, or with other medications that can also lower blood sugar such as alcohol. Nurses monitor patients for hypoglycemia and educate them about signs, diet, exercise and medication adherence.
Gliclazide is an antidiabetic drug used to control blood sugar in type 2 diabetes when diet and exercise are not enough. It works by stimulating the pancreas to release insulin and making cells more sensitive to insulin. Common side effects include hypoglycemia and gastrointestinal issues. It should not be used in pregnancy, lactation, or with other medications that can also lower blood sugar such as alcohol. Nurses monitor patients for hypoglycemia and educate them about signs, diet, exercise and medication adherence.
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Generic Name: Gliclazide
Brand Name: Diamicron
Classification: Antidiabetics
Mode of Action: Lowers blood glucose by stimulating the release of insulin
from the pancreas and increasing sensitivity to insulin at receptor sites.
Dose and Route:
Actual Dose:
Recommended Dose: PO (Adults) Tablets– 80–320 mg/day, doses >160 mg/day
should be divided and given twice daily; modified-release tablets– 30 mg daily, may be ↑ in 30–mg increments every 2 wk until blood sugar is controlled up to 120 mg/day.
Indication: Control of blood sugar in type 2 diabetes mellitus when control of diet and exercise fails or when insulin is not an option. Requires some pancreatic function.
Contraindication: Hypersensitivity; cross sensitivity with other sulfonylureas may occur; Unstable diabetes, type 1 diabetes mellitus, diabetic ketoacidosis, diabetic coma or pre-coma; Severe hepatic or renal impairment; Concurrent use of oral/oromucosal miconazole, alcohol or alcohol-containing medications, or systemic phenylbutazone; OB: Should not be used during pregnancy, insulin is preferred; Lactation: Should not be used during lactation, insulin is perferred.
Concurrent use of alcohol, angiotensin converting-enzyme inhibitors, antituberculars, azole
antifungals, beta-blockers, clarithromycin, clofibrate, disopyramide, H2–receptor antagonists, MAO inhibitors, NSAIDs, phenylbutazone, salicylates, long-acting sulfonamides, warfarin , may ↑ risk of hypoglycemia. ↑ risk of hypoglycemia with other antidiabetic agents including alpha glucosidase inhibitors, biguanides, and insulin . Concurrent use of chlorpromazine, corticosteroids, danazol, diuretics, (including thiazides, and furosemide), hormonal contraceptives ( estrogen and progestogen ), nicotinic acid (pharmacologic doses), ritodrine, salbutamol, terbutaline, or tetracosactrin may ↑ risk of hyperglycemia and lead to loss of diabetic control. May ↑ risk of bleeding with warfarin . Concurrent use with alcohol may result in a disulfiram-like reaction and should be avoided. Beta-blockers may ↓ some symptoms of hyperglycemia.
Nursing Responsibilities:
Observe for signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia (hunger, weakness, sweating, dizziness, tachycardia, anxiety). Assess patient for allergy to sulfonyureas. Monitor serum glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin periodically during therapy to evaluate effectiveness of treatment. Monitor liver function periodically in patients with mild to moderate liver dysfunction. May cause ↑ AST, ALT, alkaline phosphatase and LDH. Monitor renal function periodically in patients with mild to moderate renal dysfunction. May cause ↑ creatinine and hyponatremia. Patients on a diabetic regimen exposed to stress, fever, infection, trauma, or surgery may require administration of insulin. PO Administer with meals at the same time every day.
Instruct patient to take gliclazides as directed at the same time every day. Explain to patient that this medication does not cure diabetes and must be used in conjunction with a prescribed diet, exercise regimen, to prevent hypoglycemic and hyperglycemic events. Instruct patient on proper technique for home glucose monitoring. Monitor closely during periods of stress or illness and health care professional notified if significant changes occur. Review signs of hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia with patient. If hypoglycemia occurs, advise patient to drink a glass of orange juice or ingest 2–3 tsp of sugar, honey, or corn syrup dissolved in water or an appropriate number of glucose tablets and notify health care professional. Encourage patient to follow prescribed diet, medication, and exercise regimen to prevent hypoglycemic or hyperglycemic episodes. Concurrent use of alcohol may cause a disulfiram-like reaction (abdominal cramps, nausea, flushing, headaches, and hypoglycemia).
