INTRODUCTION

1
 CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 CONCEPT OF MULTI SPINDLE DRILLING HEAD
In the conventional drilling machine only one workpiece can be drilled at a
time. To improve productivity, a special purpose attachment is required which drill the
holes more than one at a time.
Now a day, the customer demands the product of right quality, right quantity,
and right cost & at right time. Therefore it is necessary to improve productivity as
well as quality. This is achieved by multi spindle drilling attachment to conventional
drilling machine.
1.2 VARIOUS METHODS OF MULTI SPINDLE
The various methods of multi spindle drilling head are 1
1.3 ADJUSTABLE MULTI SPINDLE DRILLING HEAD
In this attachment the centre distance between drilling spindle can be vary
according to requirement.
1.4 FIXED MULTISPINDLE DRILLING HEAD
In this attachment centre distance cannot change.
Features of both the type multi spindle drilling head are:
1. By using these multi spindle drilling heads, increase the productivity.
2. Time for drilling one hole is equal to the time for drilling multiple no. of holes.
3. Multi spindle drilling ensures the positional accuracy. Multi spindle heads can
be of fixed centre construction for mass and large batch production and for
batch production, adjustable centre type design is offered. Planetary gear train
type adjustable multi spindle drilling head is used 1, 2, and 3.
Conventional drilling machine carries out operations as listed below,
1. Drilling
2. Reaming
3. Countersinking
4. Spot facing, etc.

2
 In this paper the following studies are carried out Time saved by component
handling (loading and unloading), using hydraulic clamping, increase in productivity
both qualitative and quantitative, less human intervention, indirectly reduction in
operator fatigue, Increase the profit of company. Special purpose machine is part of
multi-tasking machine. This is new approach to increase the productivity of
organization.
If we compare between ordinary machine and special purpose machine in terms
of time, costs, number of steps involved, etc. The multi-tasking machine is preferred
choice. The most noteworthy aspect when using multi-spindle machines is the cycle
time, due to parallel machining the total operating time is dramatically decreased.
In the conventional manner only one job can be worked at a time for either of
the above operations, but with increase in productivity demands a special purpose
device or attachments is need which will increase productivity by,
1. Performing operations on more than one job at a time,
2. Performing multiple operations in one cycle
3. Indexing capability to sequence operations one after another.
An effort is taken to design and develop a Special purpose machine for Multi
spindle drilling of cylinder head. The machine is meant for drilling 12 holes at bottom
faces of the cylinder head, and the provision is made to accommodate two jobs in
single setup. The component fits in the assembly of diesel engines manufactured by
John Deere Pune. The report presented here gives detailed overview of making of the
Special purpose machine from scratch and its installation. The report touches to
numerous aspects of engineering, which has been covered in the curriculum of UG
programs of Mechanical engineering. The report is compiled with a simple and easy to
follow approach for building up of a machine. The Special purpose machine assembly
and subassemblies are elaborated using photographs and video clips whenever
required during the process. The machine consists of fifty plus components along with
its process charts. Report covers detailed design and manufacturing scheme of
selected critical components. The testing of assembly consists of numerous
mechanisms, hydraulic power pack and actuators, a programmable logic controller
circuit for auto control of machining cycle. Total cost of production is been calculated

3
as per the available rates of labour and materials of standard and bought out items.
The report is a complete reference manual for design and manufacturing of the
machine. We have also given my suggestions to future development of machine and
some findings which may be helpful for the customer using the set-up. Reader’s
views, observations, constructive criticism and suggestions are welcome.
Multiple-spindle drilling machines are used for mass production, a great time
saver where many pieces of jobs having many holes are to be drilled. Multi-spindle
head machines are used in mechanical industry in order to increase the productivity of
machining systems. The multiple spindle drilling machines is a production type of
machine. It is used to drill two holes in a work piece simultaneously, in one setting.
The holes are drilled on number of work pieces with the same accuracy, so as to make
them interchangeable. This machine has two spindles driven by a single motor and all
the spindles are fed in to the work piece simultaneously. Feeding motions are obtained
either by raising the work table or by lowering the drills head. The centre distance
between the spindles can be adjusted in any position as required by the different jobs.
For adjusting the centre distance between the drill spindles they are connected to the
main spindle by universal joints. In mass production work drill jigs are used for
guiding the drills in the work piece so as to achieve accurate results.
In today’s market the customer demands the product of right quality, right
quantity, right cost, & at right time. Therefore it is necessary to improve productivity
as well as quality. One way to achieve this is by using multi spindle drilling head. On
the other hand, in order to meet quality requirements of final product.

4
VARIOUS METHODS OF MULTISPINDLE

5
 CHAPTER 2
VARIOUS METHODS OF MULTISPINDLE
The various methods of multispindle drilling head are:
2.1 MULTI SPINDLE DRILLING MACHINE
As the name indicates multiple spindle drilling machines have two spindles
driven by a single power head, and these two spindles holding the drill bits are fed
into the workpiece simultaneously. The spindles are so constructed that their centre
distance can be adjusted in any position within the drill head depending on the job
requirement. For this purpose, the drill spindles are connected to the main drive by
means of universal joints.
The rotation of the drills are derived from the main spindle and the central gear
through a number of planetary gears in mesh with the central gear) and the
corresponding flexible shafts. The positions of those parallel shafts holding the drills
are adjusted depending upon the locations of the holes to be made on the job.
2.2 MESHING GEAR PAIR DESIGN
The motor which is selected on the basis of power require driving all
mechanism and it transmits to driven gear. The motor speed is comparatively more
than speed required for drill tools, so it is need to reduce the speed of motor and which
is achieved by speed reduction gear box.
There are total 24 numbers of spindles rotating with same speed of 400 rpm
with the help of central main gear. Hence we have considered the diameter of 2 gears.

6
DRILL BITS

7
 CHAPTER 3
DRILL BITS
Drill bits are cutting tools used to remove material to create holes, almost
always of circular cross-section. Drill bits come in many sizes and shapes and can
create different kinds of holes in many different materials. In order to create holes drill
bits are usually attached to a drill, which powers them to cut through the workpiece,
typically by rotation. The drill will grasp the upper end of a bit called the shank in
the chuck.
Drill bits come in standard sizes, described in the drill bit sizes article. A
comprehensive drill bit and tap size chart lists metric and imperial sized drill bits
alongside the required screw tap sizes. There are also certain specialized drill bits that
can create holes with a non-circular cross-section
While the term drill may refer to either a drilling machine or a drill bit for use
in a drilling machine, in this article, for clarity, drill bit or bit is used throughout to
refer to a bit for use in a drilling machine, and drill refers always to a drilling machine.
3.1 CHARACTERISTICS
Drill bit geometry has several characteristics,
1. The spiral (or rate of twist) in the drill bit controls the rate of chip removal. A
fast spiral (high twist rate or "compact flute") drill bit is used in high feed rate
applications under low spindle speeds, where removal of a large volume of
chips is required. Low spiral (low twist rate or "elongated flute") drill bits are
used in cutting applications where high cutting speeds are traditionally used,
and where the material has a tendency to gall on the bit or otherwise clog the
hole, such as aluminium or copper.
2. The point angle, or the angle formed at the tip of the bit, is determined by the
material the bit will be operating in. Harder materials require a larger point
angle, and softer materials require a sharper angle. The correct point angle for
the hardness of the material influences wandering, chatter, hole shape, and
wear rate.

8
 3. The lip angle determines the amount of support provided to the cutting edge. A
greater lip angle will cause the bit to cut more aggressively under the same
amount of point pressure as a bit with a smaller lip angle. Both conditions can
cause binding, wear, and eventual catastrophic failure of the tool. The proper
amount of lip clearance is determined by the point angle.
Most drill bits for consumer use have straight shanks. For heavy duty drilling in
industry, bits with tapered shanks are sometimes used. Other types of shank used
include hex-shaped, and various proprietary quick release systems.
The diameter-to-length ratio of the drill bit is usually between 1:1 and 1:10.
Much higher ratios are possible (e.g., "aircraft-length" twist bits, pressured-oil gun
drill bits, etc.), but the higher the ratio, the greater the technical challenge of
producing good work.
The best geometry to use depends upon the properties of the material being
drilled. The following table lists geometries recommended for some commonly drilled
materials.

Workpiece material Point angle Helix angle Lip relief angle

Aluminum 90 to 135 32 to 48 12 to 26

Brass 90 to 118 0 to 20 12 to 26

Cast iron 90 to 118 24 to 32 7 to 20

Mild steel 118 to 135 24 to 32 7 to 24

Stainless steel 118 to 135 24 to 32 7 to 24

Plastics 60 to 90 0 to 20 12 to 26

Table 1; Tool materials

9
3.2 UNIVERSAL DRILL BITS
General-purpose drill bits can be used in wood, metal, plastic, and most other
materials.
3.3 TWIST DRILL BITS
The twist drill bit is the type produced in largest quantity today. It comprises a
cutting point at the tip of a cylindrical shaft with helical flutes; the flutes act as
an Archimedean screw and lift swarf out of the hole.
The twist drill bit was invented by Steven A. Morse of East Bridgewater,
Massachusetts in 1861.[3][4] The original method of manufacture was to cut two
grooves in opposite sides of a round bar, then to twist the bar (giving the tool its
name) to produce the helical flutes. Nowadays, the drill bit is usually made by rotating
the bar while moving it past a grinding wheel to cut the flutes in the same manner
as cutting helical gears.
Twist drill bits range in diameter from 0.002 to 3.5 in (0.051 to 88.900 mm)
[5]
 and can be as long as 25.5 in (650 mm).
The geometry and sharpening of the cutting edges is crucial to the performance
of the bit. Small bits that become blunt are often discarded because sharpening them
correctly is difficult and they are cheap to replace. For larger bits, special grinding jigs
are available. A special tool grinder is available for sharpening or reshaping cutting
surfaces on twist drill bits in order to optimize the bit for a particular material.
Manufacturers can produce special versions of the twist drill bit, varying the
geometry and the materials used, to suit particular machinery and particular materials
to be cut. Twist drill bits are available in the widest choice of tooling materials.
However, even for industrial users, most holes are drilled with standard high speed
steel bits
3.4 STEP DRILL BITS
A step drill bit is a drill bit that has the tip ground down to a different diameter.
The transition between this ground diameter and the original diameter is either
straight, to form a counter bore, or angled, to form a countersink. The advantage to
this style is that both diameters have the same flute characteristics, which keeps the bit
from clogging when drilling in softer materials, such as aluminium; in contrast, a drill

10
bit with a slip-on collar does not have the same benefit. Most of these bits are custom-
made for each application, which makes them more expensive.

3.5 UNIBIT
A unibit (often called a step drill bit) is a roughly conical bit with
a stairstep profile. Due to its design, a single bit can be used for drilling a wide range
of hole sizes. Some bits come to a point and are thus self-starting. The larger-size bits
have blunt tips and are used for hole enlarging.
Unibits are commonly used on sheet metal and in general construction. One
drill bit can drill the entire range of holes necessary on a countertop, speeding up
installation of fixtures. They are most commonly used on softer materials, such as
plywood, particle board, drywall, acrylic, and laminate. They can be used on very thin
sheet metal, but metals tend to cause premature bit wear and dulling.
Unibits are ideal for use in electrical work where thin steel, aluminium or
plastic boxes and chassis are encountered. The short length of the unibit and ability to
vary the diameter of the finished hole is an advantage in chassis or front panel work.
The finished hole can often be made quite smooth and burr-free, especially in plastic.
3.6 CENTER AND SPOTTING DRILL BITS
Center drill bits, occasionally known as Slocombe drill bits, are used
in metalworking to provide a starting hole for a larger-sized drill bit or to make a
conical indentation in the end of a workpiece in which to mount a lathe center. In
either use, the name seems appropriate, as the bit is either establishing the center of a
hole or making a conical hole for a lathe center. However, the true purpose of a center
drill bit is the latter task, while the former task is best done with a spotting drill bit (as
explained in detail below). Nevertheless, because of the frequent lumping together of
both the terminology and the tool use, suppliers may call center drill bits combined-
drill-and-countersinks in order to make it unambiguously clear what product is being
ordered. They are numbered from 00 to 10 (smallest to largest).
3.7 USE IN MAKING HOLES FOR LATHE CENTERS
Center drill bits are meant to create a conical hole for "between centers"
manufacturing processes (typically lathe or cylindrical-grinder work). That is, they
provide a location for a (live, dead, or driven) center to locate the part about an axis. A

11
workpiece machined between centers can be safely removed from one process
(perhaps turning in a lathe) and set up in a later process (perhaps a grindingoperation)
with a negligible loss in the co-axiality of features (usually TIR < 0.002 in (0.05 mm);
and TIR < 0.0001 in (0.003 mm) is held in cylindrical grinding operations, as long as
conditions are correct).
3.8 USE IN SPOTTING HOLE CENTERS
Traditional twist drill bits may tend to wander when started on an unprepared
surface. Once a bit wanders off course it is difficult to bring it back on center. A
center drill bit frequently provides a reasonable starting point as it is short and
therefore has a reduced tendency to wander when drilling is started.
While the above is a common use of centre drill bits, it is a technically
incorrect practice and should not be considered for production use. The correct tool to
start a traditionally drilled hole (a hole drilled by a high-speed steel (HSS) twist drill
bit) is a spotting drill bit (or a spot drill bit, as they are referenced in the U.S.). The
included angle of the spotting drill bit should be the same as, or greater than, the
conventional drill bit so that the drill bit will then start without undue stress on the
bit's corners, which would cause premature failure of the bit and a loss of hole quality.
Most modern solid-carbide bits should not be used in conjunction with a spot
drill bit or a center drill bit, as solid-carbide bits are specifically designed to start their
own hole. Usually, spot drilling will cause premature failure of the solid-carbide bit
and a certain loss of whole quality. If it is deemed necessary to chamfer a hole with a
spot or center drill bit when a solid-carbide drill bit is used, it is best practice to do so
after the hole is drilled.
When drilling with a hand-held drill the flexibility of the bit is not the primary
source of inaccuracy it is the users hands. Therefore, for such operations, a centre
punch is often used to spot the hole centre prior to drilling a pilot hole.

3.9 CORE DRILL BIT

12
comes from its first use, for drilling out the hole left by a foundry core, a cylinder
placed in a mould for a casting that leaves an irregular hole in the product. This core
drill bit is solid.
These core drill bits are similar in appearance to reamers as they have no
cutting point or means of starting a hole. They have 3 or 4 flutes which enhance the
finish of the hole and ensures the bit cuts evenly. Core drill bits differ from reamers in
the amount of material they are intended to remove. A reamer is only intended to
enlarge a hole a slight amount which, depending on the reamers size, may be anything
from 0.1 millimetre to perhaps a millimetre. A core drill bit may be used to double the
size of a hole.
Using an ordinary two-flute twist drill bit to enlarge the hole resulting from a
casting core will not produce a clean result, the result will possibly be out of round,
off center and generally of poor finish. The two fluted drill bit also has a tendency to
grab on any protuberance (such as flash) which may occur in the product.
3.11 EXTRACTING CORE
A hollow cylindrical bit which will cut a hole with an annular cross-section and
leave the inner cylinder of material (the "core") intact, often removing it, is also called
a core drill bit or annular cutter. Unlike other drills, the purpose is often to retrieve the
core rather than simply to make a hole. A diamond core drill bit is intended to cut an
annular hole in the workpiece. Large bits of similar shape are used for geological
work, where a deep hole is drilled in sediment or ice and the drill bit, which now
contains an intact core of the material drilled with a diameter of several centimetres, is
retrieved to allow study of the strata.
3.12 COUNTERSINK BIT
A countersink is a conical hole cut into a manufactured object; a countersink
bit (sometimes called simply countersink) is the cutter used to cut such a hole. A
common use is to allow the head of a bolt or screw, with a shape exactly matching the
countersunk hole, to sit flush with or below the surface of the surrounding material.
(By comparison, a counterbore makes a flat-bottomed hole that might be used with a
hex-headed capscrew.) A countersink may also be used to remove the burr left from a
drilling or tapping operation.

13
3.13 EJECTOR DRILL BIT
Used almost exclusively for deep hole drilling of medium to large diameter
holes (approximately 3⁄4–4 in or 19–102 mm diameter). An ejector drill bit uses a
specially designed carbide cutter at the point. The bit body is essentially a tube within
a tube. Flushing water travels down between the two tubes. Chip removal is back
through the center of the bit.
3.14 GUN DRILL BIT
Gun drills are straight fluted drills which allow cutting fluid (either compressed
air or a suitable liquid) to be injected through the drill's hollow body to the cutting
face.
3.15 INDEXABLE DRILL BIT
Indexable drill bits are primarily used in CNC and other high precision or
production equipment, and are the most expensive type of drill bit, costing the most
per diameter and length. Like indexable lathe tools and milling cutters, they use
replaceable carbide or ceramic inserts as a cutting face to alleviate the need for a tool
grinder. One insert is responsible for the outer radius of the cut, and another insert is
responsible for the inner radius. The tool itself handles the point deformity, as it is a
low-wear task. The bit is hardened and coated against wear far more than the average
drill bit, as the shank is non-consumable. Almost all indexable drill bits have multiple
coolant channels for prolonged tool life under heavy usage. They are also readily
available in odd configurations, such as straight flute, fast spiral, multiflute, and a
variety of cutting face geometries.
Typically indexable drill bits are used in holes that are no deeper than about 5
times the bit diameter. They are capable of quite high axial loads and cut very fast.
3.16 LEFT-HAND BIT
Left-hand bits are almost always twist bits and are predominantly used in
the repetition engineering industry on screw machines or drilling heads. Left-handed
drill bits allow a machining operation to continue where either the spindle cannot be
reversed or the design of the machine makes it more efficient to run left-handed. With
the increased use of the more versatile CNC machines, their use is less common than
when specialized machines were required for machining tasks.

14
 Screw extractors are essentially left-hand bits of specialized shape, used to
remove common right-hand screws whose heads are broken or too damaged to allow a
screwdriver tip to engage, making use of a screwdriver impossible. The extractor is
pressed against the damaged head and rotated counter-clockwise and will tend to jam
in the damaged head and then turn the screw counter-clockwise, unscrewing it. For
screws that break off deeper in the hole, an extractor set will often include left handed
drill bits of the appropriate diameters so that grab holes can be drilled into the screws
in a left handed direction, preventing further tightening of the broken piece.
3.17 METAL SPADE BIT
A spade drill bit for metal is a two part bit with a tool holder and an insertable
tip, called an insert. The inserts come in various sizes that range from 7⁄16 to 2.5 inches
(11 to 64 mm). The tool holder usually has a coolant passage running through it.
[9]
 They are capable of cutting to a depth of about 10 times the bit diameter. This type
of drill bit can also be used to make stepped holes.
3.18 STRAIGHT FLUTED BIT
Straight fluted drill bits do not have a helical twist like twist drill bits do. They
are used when drilling copper or brass because they have less of a tendency to "dig in"
or grab the material.
A trepan, sometimes called a BTA drill bit (after the Boring and Trepanning
Association), is a drill bit that cuts an annulus and leaves a center core. Trepans
usually have multiple carbide inserts and rely on water to cool the cutting tips and to
flush chips out of the hole. Trepans are often used to cut large diameters and deep
holes. Typical bit diameters are 6–14 in (150–360 mm) and hole depth from 12 in
(300 mm) up to 71 feet (22 m)

15
MATERIALS

16
 CHAPTER 4
MATERIALS
Many different materials are used for or on drill bits, depending on the required
application. Many hard materials, such as carbides, are much more brittle than steel,
and are far more subject to breaking, particularly if the drill is not held at a very
constant angle to the workpiece; e.g., when hand-held.
4.1 STEELS
1. Soft low-carbon steel bits are inexpensive, but do not hold an edge well and
require frequent sharpening. They are used only for drilling wood; even
working with hardwoods rather than softwoods can noticeably shorten their
lifespan.
2. Bits made from high-carbon steel are more durable than low-carbon steel bits
due to the properties conferred by hardening and tempering the material. If they
are overheated (e.g., by frictional heating while drilling) they lose their temper,
resulting in a soft cutting edge. These bits can be used on wood or metal.
3. High-speed steel (HSS) is a form of tool steel; HSS bits are hard and much
more resistant to heat than high-carbon steel. They can be used to drill metal,
hardwood, and most other materials at greater cutting speeds than carbon-steel
bits, and have largely replaced carbon steels.
4. Cobalt steel alloys are variations on high-speed steel that contain more cobalt.
They hold their hardness at much higher temperatures and are used to
drill stainless steel and other hard materials. The main disadvantage of cobalt
steels is that they are more brittle than standard HSS.
4.2 OTHERS
1. Tungsten carbide and other carbides are extremely hard and can drill virtually
all materials, while holding an edge longer than other bits. The material is
expensive and much more brittle than steels; consequently they are mainly used
for drill-bit tips, small pieces of hard material fixed or brazed onto the tip of a
bit made of less hard metal. However, it is becoming common in job shops to
use solid carbide bits. In very small sizes it is difficult to fit carbide tips; in

17
 some industries, most notably PCB manufacturing, requiring many holes with
diameters less than 1 mm, solid carbide bits are used.
2. Polycrystalline diamond (PCD) is among the hardest of all tool materials and is
therefore extremely resistant to wear. It consists of a layer of diamond particles,
typically about 0.5 mm (0.020 in) thick, bonded as a sintered mass to a
tungsten-carbide support. Bits are fabricated using this material by either
brazing small segments to the tip of the tool to form the cutting edges or
by sintering PCD into a vein in the tungsten-carbide "nib". The nib can later be
brazed to a carbide shaft; it can then be ground to complex geometries that
would otherwise cause braze failure in the smaller "segments". PCD bits are
typically used in the automotive, aerospace, and other industries to drill
abrasive aluminium alloys, carbon-fibre reinforced plastics, and other abrasive
materials, and in applications where machine downtime to replace or sharpen
worn bits is exceptionally costly.
4.3 COATINGS
1. Black oxide is an inexpensive black coating. A black oxide coating provides
heat resistance and lubricity, as well as corrosion resistance. Coating increases
the life of high-speed steel bits.
2. Titanium nitride (TiN) is a very hard ceramic material that can be used to coat a
high-speed steel bit (usually a twist bit), extending the cutting life by three or
more times. Even after sharpening, the leading edge of coating still provides
improved cutting and lifetime.
3. Titanium aluminum nitride (TiAlN) is a similar coating that can extend tool life
five or more times.
4. Titanium carbon nitride (TiCN) is another coating also superior to TiN.
5. Diamond powder is used as an abrasive, most often for cutting tile, stone, and
other very hard materials. Large amounts of heat are generated by friction, and
diamond-coated bits often have to be water-cooled to prevent damage to the bit
or the workpiece.
6. Zirconium nitride has been used as a drill-bit coating for some tools under
the Craftsman brand name

18
WORKING

19
 CHAPTER 5
WORKING PRINCIPLE

5.1; Multi drill holder

5.1 PARTS
The main parts are,
1. Attachment head in drilling machine
2. Top bearing with cap
3. Bottom bearings with cap
4. Spindle gear wheel
5. Top plate
6. Bottom plate
7. Drill chuck
8. Center gear wheel
5.2 WORKING
The multi drill holder (Eccentric Drive) is one which can be used to drill a
number of holes at various large and even unsymmetrical layouts according to our
requirements, where the conventional Multi spindle Drill Heads cannot be used. This
is an improvement over geared drill heads and drill heads adopted with universal
joints. The drill head is mounted on the drilling machine table. It is used to drill a
number of holes in different layouts according deals with a proper idea of usage of
eccentrics in the field of drilling. The report furnishes a cost estimation of all the

20
components of the equipment by careful considerations of all factors such as cost of
material, labour, machining and purchased components.
A Multi spindle drilling machine will drill a number of parallel holes
simultaneously in a work piece. Multi spindle drilling machines are employed for
work of a light character, especially repetition work, such as drilling small
components for the Automobile and Aircraft industries. A Multi spindle drilling
machine has a number of drill spindles driven by a single motor. All the spindles
holding the drills are fed in to the work piece at the same time. For this purpose,
either the drill heads can be lowered onto the work piece or the work table is raised.
The Main eccentric is driven by the drilling machine spindle which is driven by a
single motor. Eccentric is a mechanism which is usually used to convert rotary motion
into sliding motion. It shall be noted that an Eccentric cannot convert reciprocating
motion into rotary motion. Here we are converting the rotary motion into
revolutionary motion and in to rotary motion. (ie) when the main spindle rotates, the
rotary motion of the spindle is converted into revolutionary motion of the Revolving
plate. Through the Main Eccentric and the revolutionary motion of the Revolving
plate is converted into rotary motion of the Drill holding Eccentrics. Drill bits can be
fed by lowering the Drill head. The pillars provided with springs guide the Driller
head in motion. Springs secure the Drill head with drill bits, from a rapid fall, while
releasing the Drill head from the machine spindle. It is designed to drill five holes of
various diameters in unsymmetrical layouts. The art of eccentricity plays a major role
in this principle.

21
ADVANTAGES

22
 CHAPTER 6
ADVANTAGES
1. Can be used for very centre distances.
2. Pre-setting for definite depth is possible prior to mounting on machine.
3. Outputs shall be obtained at high precision.
4. Outputs shall be obtained at high precision.
5. High Productivity can be achieved.
6. This drill head shall be applied in Mass production process and mostly
suited for drilling Printed Circuit Boards, Pipe Flanges, Pump housings.

23
DISADVANTAGES

24
 CHAPTER 7
DISADVANTAGES
1. This Special Purpose Machine will be used only for one type of component.
2. The initial investment is high.
3. The cost of this machine affordable only when the production is in large
quantity.
4. Noise generation during drilling process.
5. High electricity required

25
BILL OF MATERIALS

26
 CHAPTER 8
BILL OF MATERIALS
Table 2; Bill of materials

SL.NO DESCRIPTION QUANTITY

1 Attachment head 1

2 Top bearing with cap 1

3 Bottom bearing with cap 1

4 Spindle gear wheel 1

5 Top plate 1

6 Bottom plate 1

7 Drill chuck 1

8 Center gear wheel 1

27
COST OF PROJECT

CHAPTER 9

28
 COST OF PROJECT
Table 3; Cost of project

SL.NO DESCRIPTION COST

1 Attachment head 2800

2 Top bearing with cap 225

3 Bottom bearing with cap 225

4 Spindle gear wheel 650

5 Top plate 400

6 Bottom plate 400

7 Drill chuck 1700

8 Center gear wheel 750

Total 7150

29
CONCLUSION

CHAPTER 10

30
 CONCLUSION
With the help of this machine we can drill two holes at a time. The size of
machine is smaller than the older machine so it is very simple to move from one
place to another. So this machine can be easily transported. The overall space
required is also minimum. The efficiency of this machine is better than the older
machine. Large saving in power have been achieved. The machine is very simple to
operate.

31
REFERENCES

CHAPTER 11

32
 REFERENCES
1. A.S.Udgave and Prof.V.J.Khot," Design and development of multiple spindle
drilling head”, Second International Conference on Emerging Trends in
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PHOTOGRAPHY

CHAPTER 12

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PHOTOGRAPHY

12.1; Photography

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