PROJECT : PAGE :

CLIENT : DESIGN BY :
JOB NO. : DATE : REVIEW BY :
Concrete Silo / Chimney / Tower Design Based on ASCE 7-16, ACI 318-19 & ACI 313-16
INPUT DATA
BIN DEPTH H= 150 ft, (45.72 m)
BIN OUTSIDE DIAMETER dia = 30 ft, (9.14 m)
BIN CONCRETE THICKNESS t= 12 in, (305 mm), at bottom
[ 8 in, (203 mm), at top ]
FOOTING DIAMETER D= 61 ft, (18.59 m)
FOOTING THICKNESS T= 48 in, (1219 mm)
SOIL DEPTH TO BOTTOM Hp = 24 in, (610 mm)
WT OF BIN MAX CONTENTS Wbin = 5763.44 kips, (25637 kN), (input zero for chimney)

WT OF TOP CAP Wcap = 180.956 kips, (805 kN)

MAX HORIZONTAL PRESSURE p= 9360 psf, (448 kPa)

(gH for water, or from ACI 313 6.3)
ALLOWABLE SOIL PRESSURE Qa = 5.5 ksf, (263 kPa)
PASSIVE PRESSURE Pp = 450 psf / ft, ( 71 kN/m3)
SOIL FRICTION COEFFICIENT m= 0.35
CONCRETE STRENGTH fc' = 5 ksi, (34 MPa), (4 ksi min., ACI 313 4.2.2)
REBAR YIELD STRESS fy = 60 ksi, (414 MPa)
FOOTING REBAR 2 Layers # 10
@ 14 in, (356 mm),in o.c. each way, at top & bot.
DOWEL / BIN VERTICAL REBARS # 8 @ 12 in. (305 mm), o.c.
REBAR LOCATION (1=at middle, 2=at each face) 2 at each face
BIN HORIZONTAL REBARS # 6 @ 12 in. (305 mm), o.c.
WALL HORIZONTAL PRESTRESSING TENDONS, (input strands zero for non-prestress)
11 strands @ 24 in. (610 mm), o.c.
(each 0.5 in diameter & 0.153 in2 area )
( 13 mm ) ( 99 mm2)
TENDON YIELD STRENGTH fpy = 243 ksi, (1675 MPa) THE CONCRETE DESIGN IS ADEQUATE.
EFFECTIVE PRESTRESS AFTER ALL LOSSES fe = 174 ksi, (1200 MPa)

DESIGN SUMMARY
FOOTING 61 ft DIA x 48 in THK. w/ # 10 @ 14" o.c. EACH WAY, AT TOP & BOT.
CONCRETE BIN 12 in THK. w/ # 8 @ 12 in o.c.DOWEL / VERT. BARS AT AT EACH FACE
BIN HORIZONTAL # 6 @ 12 in o.c. AT EACH FACE, AND (11) - STANDS @ 24 in. (610 mm), o.c. (THE SECTION UNCRACKED.)

ANALYSIS
DETERMINE LATERAL LOADS
F = Max (0.8 S1 I / R , 0.03) W / 1.4 = 0.10 W , ASD (ASCE 7-16 15.4.1.2)
Fcap = 0.10 Wcap = 18.96 kips, at top
Fbin & wall = 0.10 (Wcap + Wwall) = 783.78 kips, at 2/3 H
Where S1 = 0.55 (from soil report, ASCE 7-16, 11.4.1)
I = 1.00 (ASCE 7-16 15.4.1.1)
R = 3 (ASCE 7-16 Table 15.4-2)
Wwall = 1718.06 kips

V= 802.73 kips, total shear at top of footing

M= 81221 ft-kips, total moment at top of footing

COMBINED LOADS AT TOP FOOTING (2018 IBC 1605.3.2 & ACI 318-19 5.3)
CASE 1: DL + LL P = 7662 kips 1.2 DL + 1.6 LL Pu = 11500 kips
M = 0 ft-kips Mu = 0 ft-kips
e = 0.0 ft, fr cl ftg eu = 0.0 ft, fr cl ftg
CASE 2: DL + LL + E / 1.4 P = 7662 kips 1.2 DL + 1.0 LL + 1.0 E Pu = 8042 kips
M = 81221 ft-kips Mu = 113710 ft-kips
e = 10.6 ft, fr cl ftg eu = 14.1 ft, fr cl ftg
CASE 3: 0.9 DL + E / 1.4 P = 5350 kips 0.9 DL + 1.0 E Pu = 5350 kips
M = 63222 ft-kips Mu = 88511 ft-kips
e = 11.8 ft, fr cl ftg eu = 16.5 ft, fr cl ftg
 (cont'd)
CHECK OVERTURNING FACTOR AT FOOTING EDGE BOTTOM (2018 IBC 1605.2.1, 1808.3.1, & ASCE 7-16 12.13.4)
MR / MO = 3.4 > 1.5 [Satisfactory]
Where MO = M+VT= 84432 k-ft , MR = S(W) 0.5 D = 287186 k-ft
Wftg = (0.15 kcf) T D2 p / 4 = 1753.48 kips, footing weight.

CHECK SOIL BEARING CAPACITY (ACI 318-19 13.3.1.1)

gs = 0.11 kcf, soil weight

Service Loads CASE 1 CASE 2 CASE 3

P 7662.45 7662.45 5350 k
e 0 10.5999 11.8174 ft (from center of footing)
Pftg - Psoil 1110.54 1110.54 999.484 k, (footing increasing)
SP 8773 8773 6349.44 k, (net loads)
e 0 9.2581 9.95718 ft
qmin 3.00191 0 0 ksf
x @ 9.15 ft from edge @ 9.15 ft from edge
qmax 3.00191 6.88821 5.24528 ksf
qallowable 5.5 7.33333 7.33333 ksf

[Satisfactory]

CHECK ENTIRE FLEXURE & SHEAR OF FOOTING

(ACI 318-19 13, 21, & 22) '
0.85  1 f c
 T 4  u
MIN  MIN 0.0018 ,     MAX
 d 3  f y u t
 Mu 
0.85 f c' 1  1  
 0.383b d
2 ' 
f
  c 
fy

FACTORED SOIL PRESSURE

Factored Loads CASE 1 CASE 2 CASE 3
Pu 11500 8042.26 5350 k
eu 0 14.139 16.5443 ft
g (0.15 T) A 2104.18 2104.18 1578.13 k, (factored footingloads)
S Pu 13604 10146 6928.09 k
eu 0 11.2069 12.7757 ft
qu, min 4.65514 0 0 ksf
x @ 12.20 ft from edge @ 15.25 ft from edge
qu, max 4.66 9.22 7.10 ksf

FOOTING MOMENT & SHEAR FOR CASE 1

Section 0 L Edge 1/8 d 2/8 d 3/8 d Center 5/8 d 6/8 d 7/8 d R Edge D
Xu (ft, dist. from left of footing) 0 15.50 19.25 23.00 26.75 30.50 34.25 38.00 41.75 45.50 61.00
Tangent (ft) 0.00 53.11 56.70 59.13 60.54 61.00 60.54 59.13 56.70 53.11 0.00
qu,tank (ksf) 0.00 16.27 16.27 16.27 16.27 16.27 16.27 16.27 16.27 16.27 0.00
Mu,tank (ft-k) 0 0 3426.12 10857 23531 42067 66657 97109 132805 172505 350760
Vu,tank (k) 0 0 914 1,982 3,380 6,557 8,121 9,519 10,587 11,500 11,500
qu,ftg (ksf) 0.72 0.72 0.72 0.72 0.72 0.72 0.72 0.72 0.72 0.72 0.72
Mu,ftg (ft-k) 0 3,952 6,095 8,733 11,885 15,565 19,776 24,514 29,767 35,515 64,177
Vu,ftg (k) 0 255 572 703 841 1,123 1,264 1,401 1,533 1,849 2,104
qu,soil (ksf) -4.66 -4.66 -4.66 -4.66 -4.66 -4.66 -4.66 -4.66 -4.66 -4.66 -4.66
Mu,soil (ft-k) 0 -25551 -39409 -56461 -76843 -100634 -127860 -158495 -192460 -229618 -414937
Vu,soil (k) 0 -1,648 -3,696 -4,547 -5,435 -7,260 -8,169 -9,057 -9,909 -11,956 -13,604
S Mu (ft-k) 0 -21599 -29888 -36872 -41427 -43002 -41427 -36872 -29888 -21599 0
S Vu (kips) 0 -1,393 -2,210 -1,862 -1,215 420 1,215 1,862 2,210 1,393 0
 (cont'd)
FOOTING MOMENT & SHEAR FOR CASE 2
Section 0 L Edge 1/8 d 2/8 d 3/8 d Center 5/8 d 6/8 d 7/8 d R Edge D
Xu (ft, dist. from left of footing) 0 15.50 19.25 23.00 26.75 30.50 34.25 38.00 41.75 45.50 61.00
Tangent (ft) 0.00 53.11 56.70 59.13 60.54 61.00 60.54 59.13 56.70 53.11 0.00
qu,tank (ksf) 0.00 -33.59 70.58 81.83 93.07 104.31 115.55 126.79 138.03 56.34 0.00
Mu,tank (ft-k) 0 0 -526.47 240.149 2969.46 8194.61 16309 27522 41776 58559 131579
Vu,tank (k) 0 0 -240 349 1,242 3,694 5,105 6,489 7,640 8,042 8,042
qu,ftg (ksf) 0.72 0.72 0.72 0.72 0.72 0.72 0.72 0.72 0.72 0.72 0.72
Mu,ftg (ft-k) 0 3,952 6,095 8,733 11,885 15,565 19,776 24,514 29,767 35,515 64,177
Vu,ftg (k) 0 255 572 703 841 1,123 1,264 1,401 1,533 1,849 2,104
qu,soil (ksf) 0.00 -0.62 -1.33 -2.04 -2.75 -3.46 -4.16 -4.87 -5.58 -6.29 -9.22
Mu,soil (ft-k) 0 0 -1362.8 -3936.4 -8444.4 -15621 -26178 -40780 -60002 -84300 -195757
Vu,soil (k) 0 0 -363 -686 -1,202 -2,815 -3,894 -5,126 -6,479 -10,146 -10,146
S Mu (ft-k) 0 3952 4206 5037 6410 8139 9906 11256 11541 9774 0
S Vu (kips) 0 255 -31 366 881 2,001 2,474 2,764 2,693 -255 0

FOOTING MOMENT & SHEAR FOR CASE 3

Section 0 L Edge 1/8 d 2/8 d 3/8 d Center 5/8 d 6/8 d 7/8 d R Edge D
Xu (ft, dist. from left of footing) 0 15.50 19.25 23.00 26.75 30.50 34.25 38.00 41.75 45.50 61.00
Tangent (ft) 0.00 53.11 56.70 59.13 60.54 61.00 60.54 59.13 56.70 53.11 0.00
qu,tank (ksf) 0.00 -27.43 53.65 62.41 71.16 79.91 88.66 97.41 106.16 42.57 0.00
Mu,tank (ft-k) 0 0 -374.39 107.08 1891.87 5338.16 10711 18155 27633 38804 74662
Vu,tank (k) 0 0 -170 219 813 2,446 3,389 4,315 5,085 5,350 5,350
qu,ftg (ksf) 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54
Mu,ftg (ft-k) 0 2,964 4,572 6,550 8,914 11,674 14,832 18,386 22,326 26,636 48,133
Vu,ftg (k) 0 191 429 527 630 842 948 1,051 1,149 1,387 1,578
qu,soil (ksf) 0.00 -0.04 -0.62 -1.20 -1.78 -2.37 -2.95 -3.53 -4.11 -4.69 -7.10
Mu,soil (ft-k) 0 0 -84.591 -732.1 -2517 -6029.8 -11852 -20528 -32544 -48289 -122795
Vu,soil (k) 0 0 -23 -173 -476 -1,552 -2,314 -3,204 -4,199 -6,928 -6,928
S Mu (ft-k) 0 2964 4113 5925 8289 10982 13692 16012 17414 17151 0
S Vu (kips) 0 191 236 574 967 1,736 2,022 2,161 2,036 -191 0

FOOTING MOMENT & SHEAR SUMMARY

Section 0 L Edge 1/8 d 2/8 d 3/8 d Center 5/8 d 6/8 d 7/8 d R Edge D
Xu (ft, dist. from left of footing) 0 15.50 19.25 23.00 26.75 30.50 34.25 38.00 41.75 45.50 61.00
Tangent (ft) 0.00 53.11 56.70 59.13 60.54 61.00 60.54 59.13 56.70 53.11 0.00
Case Mu, (ft-k / ft) 0.0 -406.7 -527.1 -623.6 -684.3 -705.0 -684.3 -623.6 -527.1 -406.7 0.0
Uniform Loads

1 Vu, (k / ft) 0.0 -26.2 -39.0 -31.5 -20.1 6.9 20.1 31.5 39.0 26.2 0.0
Case Mu, (ft-k / ft) 0.0 74.4 74.2 85.2 105.9 133.4 163.6 190.4 203.6 184.0 0.0
2 Vu, (k / ft) 0.0 4.8 -0.6 6.2 14.6 32.8 40.9 46.7 47.5 -4.8 0.0
Case Mu, (ft-k / ft) 0.0 55.8 72.5 100.2 136.9 180.0 226.2 270.8 307.1 322.9 0.0
3 Vu, (k / ft) 0.0 3.6 4.2 9.7 16.0 28.5 33.4 36.6 35.9 -3.6 0.0

CHECK FLEXURE
Location Mu,max d (in) r min rreqD rmax smax rprovD
Top Slab 322.9 ft-k / ft 45.37 0.0019 0.0030 0.0243 no limit 0.0020
Bottom Slab -705.0 ft-k / ft 44.37 0.0019 0.0070 0.0243 18 0.0020 [Satisfactory]

CHECK FLEXURE SHEAR

Vu,max fVc = 2 f b d (fc')0.5 check Vu < f Vc

47.5 k / ft 56 k [Satisfactory]
     2
  f C'  2   c     c   , for 0   c   o
  s E s , for  s   ty 
CHECK e
f C   BIN VERTICAL FLEXURAL & AXIAL CAPACITY
   o    o   , fS 
 '
 f y , for  s   ty
  e f C , for  c   o


2 e f C
'
 fy  ty , for compression controlled 
o  ,  ty  , t  
Ec Es  ty  0.003 , for tension controlled
'
E c  57 f C , E s  29000ksi ,  e  0.85 ,  cu  0.003
4

0
0 5 10 15 20 25

-1
 4

(cont'd)
3
Note:
1. Between compression & tension controlled is
2 Transition, which the f should be by linear
interpolation. (ACI 318-19 Tab. 21.2.2 & Fig. R10.4.2.1)
f Pn (k) 1 2. ACI 318-19 changed f (Fig.R21.2.2b) and keeps
be (22.2.2.4.1) and ecu (Fig. R21.2.2a) the same.

0
But AISC 360/341-16 has different f (0.9 only) and
0 5 10 15 20 25 be (1.0 or 0.7).

-1

Pu = 8042 kips
Mu = 113710 ft-kips, max at bottom
(from load combinations)
f Mn (ft-k) Solid Black Line - Tension Controlled
Solid Red Line - Transition
Dash Line - Compression Controlled

f Pmax =0.85 f [ 0.85 fc' (Ag - Ast) + fy Ast] = 34748 kips., (at max axial load, ACI 318-19 22.4.2)
where f = 0.70 (ACI 318-19 21.2.2) > Pu [Satisfactory]
Ag = 13119 in . 2
in . 2 Ast = 47.40 in . 2

f Mn = 134549 ft-kips @ Pu = 8042 kips > Mu [Satisfactory]

rmax = 0.08 (ACI 318-19 10.6.1.1) rprovd = 0.004
rmin = 0.004 (ACI 318-19 9.6.1 or 10.6.1.1) [Satisfactory]

CHECK BIN HORIZONTAL SHEAR CAPACITY

f Vn = f (Vc) = 1235 kips, (ACI 318-19 22.5.1.1)
> Vu = 1.4 V = 1123.83 kips, max at bottom [Satisfactory]
where f = 0.75 (ACI 318-19 21.2)
A0 = 11640 in2.
Vc = 2requird =  ed b 1646.2
(fc')0.5A0.02 fy 
kips, (ACI 318-19 22.5.5.1)
L dh  MAX  , 8d b , 6 in  
0

  provided
CHECK DOWEL DEVELOPMENT  '
fc 
 

12 db = 12 in, (ACI 318-19 25.4.3) < 44 in

[Satisfactory]
where Bar size # 8
db = 1 in
r required / r provided = 1 ( A s,reqd / A s,provd , ACI 318-19 25.4.10)
fy = 60 ksi
f'c = 5 ksi
yt = 1.0
ye = 1.0 (1.2 for epoxy-coated, ACI 318-19 25.4.2.4)
ys = 1.0 (0.8 for # 6 or smaller, 1.0 for other)
l = 1.0
h = 0.7 (#11 or smaller, cover > 2.5" & side >2.0", ACI 318-19 25.4.2.3)

CHECK BIN LOCAL SHEAR STRESS ON A SQUARE FOOT

f vn = f (vc) = 77.28 kips, (ACI 318-19 22.5.1.1)
> vu = 1.4 p = 13.10 kips [Satisfactory]
where f = 0.75 (ACI 318-19 22.2)
A0 = 4 x (1'-0") x (0.5 x T) = 288 in2.
vc = 4 (fc')0.5A0 = 103.0 kips, (ACI 318-19 22.6)
p= 9360 psf, (the max perpendicular wall pressure)
 (cont'd)
CHECK BIN WALL TENSION STRESS & CRACKING AT HORIZONTAL SERVICE INSIDE PRESSURE
p= 9360 psf, (the max perpendicular wall pressure)
T= 940 lbs / in2 , by pure math method
Tfe = -1017 lbs / in2 , effective prestressing > 0.8 ( 0.6 fc') = -2400 lbs / in2
[Satisfactory] (ACI 318 24.5.3)
T + Tfe = -77 lbs / in2 < 7.5 (fc')0.5 = 530 lbs / in2, (ACI 318 19.2.3.1 & 24.5.2)
[Uncracked]

CHECK BIN WALL HORIZONTAL TENSION CAPACITY

1.6 T = 1504 lbs / in2 < f (fy As / Ac + fpy Aps / Apc) = 1608 lbs / in2
[Satisfactory]
Where f = 0.90 , (ACI 318-19 22.2)
As / Ac = 0.0061
Aps / Apc = 0.0058
 PROJECT : PAGE :
CLIENT : DESIGN BY :
JOB NO. : DATE : REVIEW BY :
Pipe Concrete Column Design Based on ACI 350-06 & 318-05

INPUT DATA & DESIGN SUMMARY

CONCRETE STRENG fc' = 5 ksi
REBAR YIELD STRES fy = 60 ksi
COLUMN OUTSIDE D D = 360 in
CONCRETE WEB THI T = 12 in
FACTORED AXIAL LO Pu = 8042 k
FACTORED MAGNIFI Mu = 113710 ft-k
FACTORED SHEAR L Vu = 1123.83 k
COLUMN VERT. REI 60 # 8
LATERAL REINF. OPTION (0=Spirals, 1= 1 Ties
LATERAL REINF # 5 @ 4 in o.c.

THE COLUMN DESIGN IS ADEQUATE.

smax = 16 (ACI 318-05, Section 7.10.5.2) sprovd = 4 in

smin = 1 [Satisfactory]