PART G – DRAINAGE

ITEM 501 – UNDERDRAINS

501.1 Description

This item shall consist of furnishing and installing underdrains using corrugated
high-density polyethylene pipe, including all other necessary incidentals and equipment,
in accordance with this Specification and in reasonably close conformity with the lines
and grades shown on the Plans or as established by the Engineer.

501.2 Material Requirements

501.2.1 Pipe and Fittings

High-density polyethylene culvert pipe, couplings, and fittings shall be in

accordance with AASHTO M 252 and AASHTO M 294, for 100–250mm and 300–
900mm diameter pipes, respectively.

501.2.1.1 The pipe shall be Type S and not be perforated unless specified
otherwise.

501.2.1.2 Pipe tolerances will be in accordance with AASHTO M 252 or

AASHTO M 294.

501.2.1.3 Field joints shall provide circumferential and longitudinal strength

to maintain the pipe alignment, prevent separation of pipe and prevent
infiltration of fill material. Coupling bands, if used, shall be of the same base
material as the pipe. Corrugations in the bands shall have the same
configuration as the corrugations in the pipe ends being connected. Prior to
use, the design of coupling bands and fastening devices shall be submitted
to and approved by the Engineer. Final acceptance of coupling bands and
fastening devices will be based on field performance.

501.2.1.4 All pipes will be subject to inspection by the engineer at the source
of manufacture, at an intermediate shipping terminal, or at destination. The
engineer shall be allowed unlimited access to all facilities and records as
required to conduct inspection and sampling.

501.2.1.5 Random sampling of the pipe will be conducted by the Engineer

to verify pipe and material is in accordance with this specification. Samples
of polyethylene pipe will be obtained from fabricated culvert sections in
accordance with AASHTO M 252 or AASHTO M 294 at a frequency
determined by the Engineer.

501.2.1.6 Inspection will include an examination of the pipe for markings,

deficiency in specified diameter, net length of fabricated pipe and evidence
of poor workmanship. The inspection may include taking samples.

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 501.2.1.7 Specimen testing size and method of tests shall be in accordance
with AASHTO M 252 or AASHTO M 294. The contractor or manufacturer
shall provide the equipment and personnel to cut a sample from a section of
pipe. The sample shall include the markings or a record of the markings for
that section of pipe.

501.2.1.8 Acceptance of polyethylene culvert pipe will be based on the pipe

being provided by a qualified manufacturer, certification, manufacturer
quality control documentation, identification markings and tests on samples
of the material as required by the engineer.

501.2.1.9 The manufacturer shall provide to the engineer an itemized

statement of the sizes, section properties and lengths of pipe in each
shipment. Delivery receipt, inspection reports and certifications shall also be
provided to the Engineer.

501.2.2 Slot Riser with Grating

501.2.2.1 Slot riser shall be manufactured from 0.063-inch. tempered

aluminum meeting the requirements of ASTM B 209, Standard Specification
for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Sheet and Plate.

501.2.2.2 Grating shall be made of fabricated mild steel or iron provided with
hot-dip galvanized in accordance with ASTM A 153 or AASHTO M 232 for
superior corrosion protection.

501.2.3 Recessed Access Box

501.2.3.1 Concrete shall be designed to have a minimum compressive

strength of 21 MPa at 28th day strength. It shall conform to the requirements
of Item 405, Structural Concrete.

501.2.3.2 Steel reinforcements shall be Grade 40 steel bars. It shall conform

top the requirements of Item 710, Reinforcing Steel and Wire Rope.

501.2.4 Bed Course

Bed course for the pipe shall be composed of granular backfill filter
material. It shall be permeable and shall meet the requirements of AASHTO M 6,
except that soundness tests will not be required and minor variations in grading
and content of deleterious substances may be approved by the Engineer.

The maximum size of backfill filter material shall be 2-inches (50mm).

501.2.5 Concrete Encasement

Concrete encasement of pipe shall conform to the requirements of Item

405, Structural Concrete. It shall be designed to have a 21 MPa at 28th day
compressive strength.

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501.3 Construction Requirements

501.3.1 Trenches shall be excavated to the dimensions and grades required by

the Plans or as directed by the Engineer. A minimum of 150 mm bedding granular
backfill material shall be placed and compacted at the bottom of the trench for its
full width and length.

501.3.2 Any underdrain trenching that results in an uneven trench bottom or

exposes soft, yielding or unstable ground in the trench bottom shall be undegraded
and backfilled with drainage approved granular material of sufficient thickness to
ensure maintenance of proper alignment and gradient for all subsequent
operations.

501.3.3 All pipes shall be firmly bedded and carefully aligned. The pipe shall be
laid with perforations down if the perforations are not uniformly distributed around
the circumference of the pipe, unless otherwise shown on the plans. Sections shall
be jointed with approved coupling fittings or bands. Dead ends of pipe shall be
completely closed by means of caps or plugs. Outlet pipe openings that are not
exposed shall be connected to drain as shown on the plans or directed by the
engineer.

501.3.4 Pipe laying shall begin at the downstream end of the pipe line. The lower
bedding of the pipe shall be in contact with the shaped bedding throughout its full
length and width.

501.3.5 Prior to placing of concrete for recessed access box, the Engineer shall
approve its location, line, grade, and section details as shown on the Plans or as
directed by the Engineer.

501.3.6 After the pipe installation has been inspected and approved, concrete
encasement shall be placed to the grade established by the Engineer as shown
on the Plans. Care shall be taken not to displace the pipe or the covering at open
joints.

501.3.7 Sampling and testing of concrete shall conform to the requirements of Item
405, Structural Concrete.

501.4 Method of Measurement

This Item will be paid for at the contract lump sum price and shall be full
compensation for furnishing, fabricating, and installing materials, and for all work herein
before prescribed in connection therewith, including all labor, equipment, tools, and
incidentals necessary to complete the work.

501.5 Basis of Payment

The accepted quantities determined as provided in Section 501.4, Method of

Measurement, shall be paid for at the contract lump sum price.

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 Payment will be made under:

Pay Item Number Description Unit of Measurement

501 (4) Underdrain Lump Sum

ITEM 502 – MANHOLES, INLETS, AND CATCH BASINS

502.1 Description

This item shall consist of adjustment or reconstruction of manholes, inlets, and

catch basins as directed by the Engineer in accordance with this Specification and in
reasonably close conformity with the lines and grades shown on the Plans or as
established by the Engineer.

502.2 Material Requirements

502.2.1 Concrete for these structures if needed shall meet the requirements of
Item 405, Structural Concrete.

502.2.2 Joint mortar shall consist of one-part portland cement and two parts fine
aggregates by volume, to which hydrated lime shall be added in an amount equal
to 10 percent of the cement by weight. All materials for mortar shall meet the
requirements of Item 405, Structural Concrete.

502.2.3 Metal Frames and Grating

The metal frames and grating to be installed on existing catch basins shall
conform to the requirements of Subsection 503.3.

502.3 Construction Requirements

502.3.1 An opening for the new pipe shall be made through the walls of the existing
structure or pipe at the proper location and grade. The new pipe shall be properly
fitted into place, flush with the inner face of the existing masonry, or as nearly so
as the engineer determines is practical. After the pipe is in place, the opening
around the pipe shall be sealed watertight in a manner approved by the engineer.

502.3.2 Any portion of an existing structure that is damaged in joining the new pipe
shall be repaired or replaced, at the contractor’s expense, with new material of a
type matching the old.

502.3.3 Salvageable frames and gratings shall be reused as permitted by the

Engineer.

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 502.4 Method of Measurement

The number of existing manholes, inlets and catch basins adjusted as directed
will be measured as acceptably completed.

The number of metal frames and gratings will be measured as acceptably

completed.

Any additional concrete, or reinforcing steel if needed in this item will be

measured and paid for under Item 405, Structural Concrete and Item 404, Reinforcing
Steel, as applicable.

502.5 Basis of Payment

The accepted quantities, determined as provided in Section 502.4, Method of

Measurement of the Pay Items in the Bill of Quantities will be paid for at the contract unit
prices, which shall constitute full compensation for adjusting manholes, inlets, and catch
basins, including all labor, equipment, tools and incidentals necessary to complete the
Item.

Furnished and installed metal frames and grating shall be measured and paid by
each pair completed and accepted.

Excavation and backfill will be measured and paid for as provided in Item 103,
Structure Excavation.

Payment will be made under:

Pay Item Number Description Unit of Measurement

502 (5) Metal Frames and Gratings, Type Pair

502 (7) Adjusting Manholes Each

502 (8) Adjusting Catch Basins Each

ITEM 503 – DRAINAGE STEEL GRATING WITH FRAME

503.1 Description

This item shall consist of furnishing all materials, tools, and equipment including
labor requirements undertaking the proper application of metal grating with frame for
new drainage structure as shown on the plans or directed by the Engineer and in
accordance with this specification.

503.2 Strength Classification of Grates

Grates shall be classified as Class D – Test Load 210 kN.

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503.3 Material Requirements

Welds shall be of full section and sound throughout. Obvious dimensional defects
and structural discontinuity of welds will be cause for rejection. All welding residue shall
be removed.

503.3.1 Metal Grating

Grating shall be made of fabricated mild iron provided with hot dip
galvanized in accordance with ASTM A 153 or AASHTO M 232 for superior
corrosion protection. It shall be machine-made grating comprised of iron flat bars
standing on edge equispaced from each other. To prevent them from falling over
and to provide restraint in buckling, a twisted cross rod (6mm) is forge-welded into
the top of the flat bars.

503.3.2 Metal Frame

The frame clear openings of drainage grates shall be 15mm larger than
nominal sizes of industry standard sized pits. These pits increase in size in
increments of 150mm. This shall be done to allow frames to be placed over
standard panel formwork and cast in while pouring the pit walls, to speeds up
installation and ensure the frame is fully embedded in the concrete.

503.3.3 Drainage Grate Sizes

The drainage grates shall be identified by their internal clear opening

dimensions of the frame. For square and rectangular grates, the normal
convention shall be the width x length. Metal units shall conform to the approved
plan dimensions and specifications requirement for the designated materials.

Grates shall consist of 25mm to 65mm x 3mm, 4.5mm or 5mm thick flat
bars with length of not more than 6.1m spaced at 30mm o.c. with 6mm twisted rod
spaced at 100mm o.c.. Angular frame (L 75mm x 75mm x 9mm thick) shall be
coated with hot dipped galvanized for superior corrosion protection finish and
extended life. If required, I-Beam support shall be provided in the grates in
accordance with the approved plan. It shall also conform to the requirements of
ASTM A 153 or its equivalents AASHTO M 232.

503.3.4 The metal unit shall conform to ASTM A 36 / AASHTO M 183.

Dimension Tolerances:

Thickness = ± 0.20 mm

Width = ± 0.80 mm

Length = + 50 mm/NIL mm

Straightness = 6 mm in each 1.5 m length

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503.4 Construction Requirements

Metal gratings which are to rest on frames shall bear on them evenly and fit. They
shall be assembled before shipment and so marked that the same pieces may be
reassembled readily in the same position when installed. Inaccuracy of bearings shall
be corrected by machining, if necessary. The metal grating and its corresponding frame
shall constitute one pair.

Metal frames shall be set securely as shown on the plans to prevent

displacement during the placing of concrete. All concrete placed adjacent to the fixture
shall be thoroughly vibrated.

Excavation and backfill shall be done in accordance with Item 102, Excavation.

503.5 Acceptance Requirement

The metal grating plants will be inspected periodically for compliance with
specified manufacturing and fabricating methods and bars samples will be obtained for
laboratory testing for compliance with material quality requirements.

All draining grates materials shall be subjected to inspection for acceptance as

to condition at the latest practicable time the Engineer has the opportunity to check for
compliance prior to or during incorporation of materials into the work.

503.6 Method of Measurement

The quantity to be measured and paid for will be the number of pairs of metal
frames and gratings completed and accepted.

503.7 Basis of Payment

The accepted quantities, determined as provided in Section 503.6, Method of

Measurement of the Pay Items in the Bill of Quantities will be paid for at the contract unit
prices, which shall constitute full compensation for furnishing and placing all materials
and for all labor, equipment, tools and incidentals necessary to complete the item.

Payment will be made under:

Pay Item Number Description Unit of Measurement

503 (1) Metal Frames and Grating Set

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ITEM 504 – CLEANING AND RECONDITIONING OF EXISTING DRAINAGE STRUCTURES

504.1 Description

This item shall consist of cleaning and reconditioning existing pipes and
appurtenant structures in reasonably close conformity with this Specification and as
shown on the Plans.

504.2 Material Requirements

Materials used for repair or replacement under the various Pay Items shall
conform the requirements of the applicable Items of this Specification.

504.3 Construction Requirements

Pipe Cleaned in Place – All foreign materials within the barrel shall be removed
and disposed off by methods which will prevent damage to the pipe.

If approved by the Engineer, all or part of the pipe designated to be cleaned in

place may be removed, cleaned, and relaid in accordance with the applicable Items. In
such cases, the Contractor shall furnish all materials required to replace damaged pipes
and joints, perform all excavation and backfill, and relay the pipe, all at the contract bid
price for this Item.

Reconditioning Drainage Structures – Structures such as manholes, inlets, and

the likes, designated on the Plans or as directed by the Engineer to be reconditioned
shall have all debris removed, leaks repaired, missing or broken metalwork replaced,
and each structure left in operating condition.

504.4 Method of Measurement

Measurement will be made by the linear meter of pipe acceptably cleaned as

designated in the Bill of Quantities, irrespective of the kind or size involved.

Pipe cleaned in place will be measured along the flow line of the pipe line
acceptably cleaned a directed.

Measurement of drainage structures reconditioned will be made by actual count

of the total number of units of each type acceptably completed.

504.5 Basis of Payment

The quantities as provided in Section 504.4, Method of Measurement, shall be

paid for at the contract price bid per unit of measurement for each of the Pay Items listed
below that appear in the Bid Schedule, which price and payment shall be full
compensation for the work of this item except excavation and backfill which is paid for
under Item 103, Structure Excavation.

Excavation and backfill necessary for pipe removal operations shall be done as
part of the work of this Item.

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 The Contractor shall remove and replace without added compensation any pipe
damaged by these operations and which cannot be acceptably repaired in place.

Payment will be made under:

Pay Item Number Description Unit of Measurement

504 (3) Cleaning Culvert Pipe in Place Linear Meter

504 (5) Cleaning/Reconditioning of Each

Drainage Structures

----------End of DRAINAGE CONSTRUCTION Standard Specifications----------

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