Ref. Simple Biostatistics by Indrayan and Indrayan, 1/e p58
Ref. Simple Biostatistics by Indrayan and Indrayan, 1/e p58
Ref. Simple Biostatistics by Indrayan and Indrayan, 1/e p58
300
– Sensitivity = × 100 = 92%
300 + 25
d TN
• Specificity = 100
×= × 10
b+d TN + FP
75
– Specificity: × 100 =
43%
75 + 100
a TP
• Positive predictive value (PPV) = × 100
= × 100
a+b TP + FP
300
– PPV = × 100 =
75%
300 + 100
d TN
• Negative predictive value (NPV) = 100
×= × 100
c+d FN + TN
75
– NPV = × 100 =
75%
25 + 75
Therefore,
– Sensitivity > PPV OR NPV > Specificity
– PPV = NPV
24. Ans. (a) Prevalence [Ref. Simple Biostatistics by Indrayan and Indrayan, 1/e p58]
• Baye’s Theorm: Gives relationship between PPV of a screening test and Sensitivity, Specificity and Prevalence
of disease in a population
Screening of Disease
Sensitivity × pTP
PTP = × 100
Sensitivity × pTP + ( 1 − Specificity ) ( 1 − pTP )
## Also Remember
25. Ans. (c) 50% [Ref. Simple Biostatistics by Indrayan and Indrayan, 1/e p58]
In the given question,
Sensitivity = 0.90 = 90%
Specificity = 0.90 = 90%
Prevalence = 10%
Thus,
90 × 10
PPV = × 100 =
50%(0.50) = 50% (0.50)
[90 × 10] + [(100 − 90)(100 − 10)]
• Alternate way of solving such questions: Construct a hypothetical table of screening test (FOLLOW RULES: Disease
on top of table, screening test results on left side of table). Always take round values (for e.g. 100, 1000, etc as total
population)
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