XC-77 (EIA), XC-77CE (CCIR) : 1. Outline

XC-77 (EIA), XC-77CE (CCIR)
Monochrome machine vision video camera modules.
1. Outline
The XC-77/77CE is a monochrome video • Square pixels, 11×11 µm (XC-
camera module designed for the industrial 77CE only)
market. The camera is equipped with 2/3- • High resolution: 768×493 (EIA),
inch IT CCD and provides a high 756×581 (CCIR)
resolution video signal according to EIA • High sensitivity: 400 lux F4 (min 3
(60 field)/CCIR (50 field) standard. lux F1.4)
Camera XC-77 works in accordance with • High S/N ratio (>50 dB)
EIA, the XC-77CE with CCIR video norm. • Frame and field integration
• Restart Reset function
• Compact, lightweight: 44×29×107
mm, 190 g
2. Main features
Internal/External synchronization
Except the internal sync (provided by internal electronics), the camera can accept
external sync information as well. Three types of sync signals are possible:
HD/VD (horizontal drive/vertical drive) signals

The camera determines whether to operate in interlaced or noninterlaced
modes from the phase relation between HD and VD (see Scanning system).
VBS (composite video signal)
The camera is synchronized by supplying a composite video signal (for
example from another image sensor).
SYNC (composite sync signal)
Synchronization is performed by means of composite sync input signal.
The unit switches automatically between all sync types mentioned above. If no sync
signal is input, it operates with internal sync and 2:1 interlace mode.
Restart Reset function
The Restart Reset function enables to start new image integration at any time
(specified by external trigger pulse). While HD signal must be supplied all the time, V
reset pulses are generated from the trigger signal. Meaningful video signal (being
stored after the trigger) is output since the second (in the field integration mode) or
the third (in the frame integration mode) field.
The other kind of the restart reset function (which requires further internal setting in
the camera) assures the slow speed shutter operation. The image data, integrated
since the first reset input signal, is taken out as video signal after the second reset.
This is used for capturing dark objects.
Scanning system (interlaced/noninterlaced)
The camera can operate either in interlaced or noninterlaced mode (depending on

phase relation between HD and VD pulses).
Interlace mode
Full frame image is split into two fields: odd (lines 1-3-5...) and even (2-4-6...).
It enables higher image resolution, but two steps (2 · 1/60 = 1/30 sec for EIA
or 2 · 1/50 = 1/25 sec for CCIR) are necessary to read out full frame data.
Period of VD signal is V = (A + 1/2)H in this mode, A is an integer.
Noninterlace mode
The camera reads just the odd lines (1-3-5...). That's why full frame data is
output every 1/60 or 1/50 sec, however the resolution is half when compared
to the interlace mode. Period of VD signal is V = (A)H, A is an integer.
Integration modes
The charge accumulated in the CCD can be presented as output on two different
ways.
Field integration mode

The data of any line in the output is a result of mixture of two adjacent lines - in
the odd field charge from lines 1 and 2 is mixed and output as line 1, data from
lines 3 and 4 becomes line number 3 in output and so on (in the even field
lines 2 and 3 are mixed and read out as line 2). This method minimizes motion
blur when shooting a moving target. The disadvantage lies in lower vertical
resolution.
Frame integration mode
The data for every output line is read out from a single line in the CCD chip.
This results in a higher vertical resolution, however when shooting fast moving
objects the two fields (odd and even) of an image are shifted each other and
the image quality is degraded.
Note: The differences between field and frame integration were explained for the
case of an interlaced image scanning. The situation is similar for noninterlaced
images.
Square pixels
The XC-77CE (not XC-77) employs a square pixel CCD (cell size 11×11 µm). The
square pixels are needed in image processing systems and accurate measuring
tasks, because the aspect ratio (the ratio width/height of an image) doesn't require
adjustment. Picture elements are equally arrayed in both directions, and allow easy
addressing. In case of rectangular pixels one have to maintain the aspect ratio when
measuring objects, because the dimensions of stored frame aren't equal to true
dimensions; resolutions along x and y axis aren't the same.
Output
Video signal (1.0 Vp-p/75 ohm), generated by the camera electronics, can be output
to one of two available connectors - either to a BNC connector or to a special 12-pin
multiconnector. Using this 12-pin connector, internal sync signals of the camera (pixel
clock, HD and field index/VD) can be output as well.
The third connector of the camera allows to connect and automatically adjust an auto
iris lens.
3. Comprehensive specifications
Note: The following table tries to describe all known features and parameters of the camera. When a
times mark (×) is filled in a cell, it means that the camera doesn't employ accordant feature or
specifying such parameter doesn't make any sense for this camera type.
SONY XC-77 SONY XC-77CE

Signal system
Video norm EIA (60 field) CCIR (50 field)
Color coding × ×
Scanning frequency (field) 59.94 Hz 50 Hz
Scanning frequency 15.734 kHz 15.625 kHz
(vertical)
Scanning frequency 14.31818 MHz 14.1875 MHz
(horizontal)
Sensor
Pickup device 2/3-inch IT CCD 2/3-inch IT CCD
Total picture elements
Effective picture elements 768×493 756×581
Elements in video out 756×485 739×575
Cell size 11.0×13.0 µm 11.0×11.0 µm
Sensing area 8.8×6.6 mm 8.8×6.6 mm
Chip dimensions 10.0×8.2 mm 10.0×9.3 mm
Optical black (H) 50 pixels 60 pixels
Optical black (V)
Dummy bits (H) 22 pixels 22 pixels
Dummy bits (V)
Operating modes
Output modes 2:1 interlaced, 2:1 interlaced,
noninterlaced noninterlaced
Scan. system 2:1 525 lines, 2 fields 625 lines, 2 fields
interlaced
Scan. system 244 to 1023 lines, 1 frame 289 to 1023 lines, 1 frame
noninterlaced
Charge accumulation field - frame field - frame
Serial control interface × ×
Timing
Shutter types none none
Normal shutter × ×
Special shutter × ×
Donpisha × ×
Low speed shutter × ×
High speed shutter × ×
Trigger shutter × ×
Synchronization internal - external internal - external
External sync system HD/VD, VBS, SYNC HD/VD, VBS, SYNC
Restart/Reset 2 modes 2 modes
Optical parameters
Sensitivity 400 lux F4 (3200 K, with IR 400 lux F4 (3200 K, with IR
filter) filter)
Minimum illumination 3 lux F1.4 (AGC = ON, with 3 lux F1.4 (AGC = ON, with
IR filter) IR filter)
0.5 lux (without IR filter) 0.5 lux (without IR filter)
Signal/noise better than 50 dB better than 50 dB
Technical specifications
General
Video output 1.0 Vp-p sync negative, 75 1.0 Vp-p sync negative, 75
ohm, unbalanced ohm, unbalanced
Dimensions 44×29×107 mm 44×29×107 mm
Weight 190 g 190 g
Power consumption 2.2 W 2.2 W
Lens mount C-mount C-mount
Flange back length 17.526 mm 17.526 mm
Connectors BNC for video out, BNC for video out,
12-pin for video out, sync 12-pin for video out, sync
i/o, power in, i/o, power in,
4-pin lens connector 4-pin lens connector
In/Out requirements
Power DC12 V ±10 % DC12 V ±10 %
Power voltage tolerance 10.5 to 15.0 V 10.5 to 15.0 V
External sync allowable ±1 % ±1 %
frequency
External sync in HD/VD (4.0 Vp-p), VBS or HD/VD (4.0 Vp-p), VBS or
SYNC (0.3 Vp-p), 75 ohm SYNC (0.3 Vp-p), 75 ohm
Internal sync out
Trigger in × ×
Trigger in duration × ×
Environment
Vibrations resistance 7 g (11 to 200 Hz) 7 g (11 to 200 Hz)
Shock resistance 70 g 70 g
Temperature of guaranteed 0 to 40 °C 0 to 40 °C
performance
Operating temperature -5 to 50 °C -5 to 50 °C
Operating humidity 30 to 70 % 30 to 70 %
Storage temperature -30 to 60 °C -30 to 60 °C
Storage humidity 25 to 90 % 25 to 90 %
Controls and functions
Gamma correction ON - OFF ON - OFF
Gain mode auto - fix auto - fix
Manual gain × ×
Field invert normal - inverse normal - inverse

XC-77 (EIA), XC-77CE (CCIR) : 1. Outline

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What are the different scanning modes of the camera?

What are the different integration modes of the camera?

XC-77 (EIA), XC-77CE (CCIR)

Monochrome machine vision video camera modules.

HD/VD (horizontal drive/vertical drive) signals

Restart Reset function

Scanning system (interlaced/noninterlaced)

The camera can operate either in interlaced or noninterlaced mode (depending on

Field integration mode

SONY XC-77 SONY XC-77CE

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