8-Bit, 100 MSPS+ Txdac D/A Converter: Linearity
8-Bit, 100 MSPS+ Txdac D/A Converter: Linearity
8-Bit, 100 MSPS+ Txdac D/A Converter: Linearity
APPLICATIONS
Communications Differential current outputs are provided to support single-
Signal Reconstruction ended or differential applications. The current outputs may be
Instrumentation directly tied to an output resistor to provide two complemen-
tary, single-ended voltage outputs. The output voltage compliance
PRODUCT DESCRIPTION range is 1.25 V.
The AD9708 is the 8-bit resolution member of the TxDAC
The AD9708 contains a 1.2 V on-chip reference and reference
series of high performance, low power CMOS digital-to-analog
control amplifier, which allows the full-scale output current to
converters (DACs). The TxDAC family, which consists of pin
be simply set by a single resistor. The AD9708 can be driven by
compatible 8-, 10-, 12-, and 14-bit DACs, was specifically opti-
a variety of external reference voltages. The AD9708’s full-scale
mized for the transmit signal path of communication systems. All
current can be adjusted over a 2 mA to 20 mA range without
of the devices share the same interface options, small outline
any degradation in dynamic performance. Thus, the AD9708
package and pinout, thus providing an upward or downward
may operate at reduced power levels or be adjusted over a 20 dB
component selection path based on performance, resolution and
range to provide additional gain ranging capabilities.
cost. The AD9708 offers exceptional ac and dc performance
while supporting update rates up to 125 MSPS. The AD9708 is available in 28-lead SOIC and 28-lead TSSOP
The AD9708’s flexible single-supply operating range of +2.7 V packages. It is specified for operation over the industrial tem-
to +5.5 V and low power dissipation are well suited for portable perature range.
and low power applications. Its power dissipation can be PRODUCT HIGHLIGHTS
further reduced to 45 mW, without a significant degradation in 1. The AD9708 is a member of the TxDAC product family, which
performance, by lowering the full-scale current output. In addi- provides an upward or downward component selection path
tion, a power-down mode reduces the standby power dissipa- based on resolution (8 to 14 bits), performance and cost.
tion to approximately 20 mW. 2. Manufactured on a CMOS process, the AD9708 uses a pro-
The AD9708 is manufactured on an advanced CMOS process. prietary switching technique that enhances dynamic perfor-
A segmented current source architecture is combined with a mance well beyond 8- and 10-bit video DACs.
proprietary switching technique to reduce spurious components 3. On-chip, edge-triggered input CMOS latches readily interface
and enhance dynamic performance. Edge-triggered input latches to +3 V and +5 V CMOS logic families. The AD9708 can
and a temperature compensated bandgap reference have been inte- support update rates up to 125 MSPS.
grated to provide a complete monolithic DAC solution. Flexible 4. A flexible single-supply operating range of +2.7 V to +5.5 V
supply options support +3 V and +5 V CMOS logic families. and a wide full-scale current adjustment span of 2 mA to
The AD9708 is a current-output DAC with a nominal full-scale 20 mA allows the AD9708 to operate at reduced power levels
output current of 20 mA and > 100 kΩ output impedance. (i.e., 45 mW) without any degradation in dynamic performance.
TxDAC is a registered trademark of Analog Devices, Inc. 5. A temperature compensated, 1.20 V bandgap reference is
included on-chip providing a complete DAC solution. An
external reference may be used.
REV. B 6. The current output(s) of the AD9708 can easily be config-
Information furnished by Analog Devices is believed to be accurate and ured for various single-ended or differential applications.
reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Analog Devices for its
use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties One Technology Way, P.O. Box 9106, Norwood, MA 02062-9106, U.S.A.
which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or Tel: 781/329-4700 World Wide Web Site: http://www.analog.com
otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Analog Devices. Fax: 781/326-8703 © Analog Devices, Inc., 1999
AD9708* PRODUCT PAGE QUICK LINKS
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AD9708–SPECIFICATIONS
DC SPECIFICATIONS (T MIN to TMAX , AVDD = +5 V, DVDD = +5 V, IOUTFS = 20 mA, unless otherwise noted)
Parameter Min Typ Max Units
RESOLUTION 8 Bits
MONOTONICITY GUARANTEED OVER SPECIFIED TEMPERATURE RANGE
1
DC ACCURACY
Integral Linearity Error (INL) –1/2 ± 1/4 +1/2 LSB
Differential Nonlinearity (DNL) –1/2 ± 1/4 +1/2 LSB
ANALOG OUTPUT
Offset Error –0.025 +0.025 % of FSR
Gain Error (Without Internal Reference) –10 ±2 +10 % of FSR
Gain Error (With Internal Reference) –10 ±1 +10 % of FSR
Full-Scale Output Current2 2.0 20.0 mA
Output Compliance Range –1.0 1.25 V
Output Resistance 100 kΩ
Output Capacitance 5 pF
REFERENCE OUTPUT
Reference Voltage 1.08 1.20 1.32 V
Reference Output Current3 100 nA
REFERENCE INPUT
Input Compliance Range 0.1 1.25 V
Reference Input Resistance 1 MΩ
Small Signal Bandwidth (w/o CCOMP1)4 1.4 MHz
TEMPERATURE COEFFICIENTS
Offset Drift 0 ppm of FSR/°C
Gain Drift (Without Internal Reference) ± 50 ppm of FSR/°C
Gain Drift (With Internal Reference) ± 100 ppm of FSR/°C
Reference Voltage Drift ± 50 ppm/°C
POWER SUPPLY
Supply Voltages
AVDD5 2.7 5.0 5.5 V
DVDD 2.7 5.0 5.5 V
Analog Supply Current (IAVDD ) 25 30 mA
Digital Supply Current (IDVDD)6 3 6 mA
Supply Current Sleep Mode (IAVDD) 8.5 mA
Power Dissipation6 (5 V, IOUTFS = 20 mA) 140 175 mW
Power Dissipation7 (5 V, IOUTFS = 20 mA) 190 mW
Power Dissipation7 (3 V, IOUTFS = 2 mA) 45 mW
Power Supply Rejection Ratio—AVDD –0.4 +0.4 % of FSR/V
Power Supply Rejection Ratio—DVDD –0.025 +0.025 % of FSR/V
OPERATING RANGE –40 +85 °C
NOTES
1
Measured at IOUTA, driving a virtual ground.
2
Nominal full-scale current, I OUTFS, is 32 × the I REF current.
3
Use an external buffer amplifier to drive any external load.
4
Reference bandwidth is a function of external cap at COMP1 pin.
5
For operation below 3 V, it is recommended that the output current be reduced to 12 mA or less to maintain optimum performance.
6
Measured at fCLOCK = 50 MSPS and fOUT = 1.0 MHz.
7
Measured as unbuffered voltage output into 50 Ω RLOAD at IOUTA and IOUTB, f CLOCK = 100 MSPS and fOUT = 40 MHz.
Specifications subject to change without notice.
–2– REV. B
AD9708
(TMIN to TMAX , AVDD = +5 V, DVDD = +5 V, IOUTFS = 20 mA, Single-Ended Output, IOUTA, 50 ⍀ Doubly
DYNAMIC SPECIFICATIONS Terminated, unless otherwise noted)
Parameter Min Typ Max Units
DYNAMIC PERFORMANCE
Maximum Output Update Rate (fCLOCK) 100 125 MSPS
Output Settling Time (tST ) (to 0.1%)1 35 ns
Output Propagation Delay (tPD) 1 ns
Glitch Impulse 5 pV-s
Output Rise Time (10% to 90%)1 2.5 ns
Output Fall Time (10% to 90%)1 2.5 ns
Output Noise (I OUTFS = 20 mA) 50 pA/√Hz
Output Noise (I OUTFS = 2 mA) 30 pA/√Hz
AC LINEARITY TO NYQUIST
Signal-to-Noise and Distortion Ratio
fCLOCK = 10 MSPS; fOUT = 1.00 MHz 50 dB
fCLOCK = 50 MSPS; fOUT = 1.00 MHz 50 dB
fCLOCK = 50 MSPS; fOUT = 12.51 MHz 48 dB
fCLOCK = 100 MSPS; fOUT = 5.01 MHz 50 dB
fCLOCK = 100 MSPS; fOUT = 25.01 MHz 45 dB
Total Harmonic Distortion
fCLOCK = 10 MSPS; fOUT = 1.00 MHz –67 dBc
fCLOCK = 50 MSPS; fOUT = 1.00 MHz –67 –62 dBc
fCLOCK = 50 MSPS; fOUT = 12.51 MHz –59 dBc
fCLOCK = 100 MSPS; fOUT = 5.01 MHz –64 dBc
fCLOCK = 100 MSPS; fOUT = 25.01 MHz –48 dBc
Spurious-Free Dynamic Range to Nyquist
fCLOCK = 10 MSPS; fOUT = 1.00 MHz 68 dBc
fCLOCK = 50 MSPS; fOUT = 1.00 MHz 62 68 dBc
fCLOCK = 50 MSPS; fOUT = 12.51 MHz 63 dBc
fCLOCK = 100 MSPS; fOUT = 5.01 MHz 67 dBc
fCLOCK = 100 MSPS; fOUT = 25.01 MHz 50 dBc
NOTES
1
Measured single ended into 50 Ω load.
Specifications subject to change without notice.
DIGITAL SPECIFICATIONS (T MIN to TMAX, AVDD = +5 V, DVDD = +5 V, IOUTFS = 20 mA unless otherwise noted)
Parameter Min Typ Max Units
DIGITAL INPUTS
Logic “1” Voltage @ DVDD = +5 V 3.5 5 V
Logic “1” Voltage @ DVDD = +3 V 2.1 3 V
Logic “0” Voltage @ DVDD = +5 V 0 1.3 V
Logic “0” Voltage @ DVDD = +3 V 0 0.9 V
Logic “1” Current –10 +10 µA
Logic “0” Current –10 +10 µA
Input Capacitance 5 pF
Input Setup Time (tS) 2.0 ns
Input Hold Time (tH) 1.5 ns
Latch Pulsewidth (t LPW) 3.5 ns
Specifications subject to change without notice.
DB0–DB7
tS tH
CLOCK
tLPW
tPD
tST
IOUTA
OR 0.1%
IOUTB
0.1%
REV. B –3–
AD9708
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS* PIN FUNCTION DESCRIPTIONS
With Pin No. Name Description
Parameter Respect to Min Max Units
1 DB7 Most Significant Data Bit (MSB).
AVDD ACOM –0.3 +6.5 V 2–7 DB6–DB1 Data Bits 1–6.
DVDD DCOM –0.3 +6.5 V 8 DB0 Least Significant Data Bit (LSB).
ACOM DCOM –0.3 +0.3 V 9–14, 25 NC No Internal Connection.
AVDD DVDD –6.5 +6.5 V 15 SLEEP Power-Down Control Input. Active
CLOCK, SLEEP DCOM –0.3 DVDD + 0.3 V High. Contains active pull-down circuit,
Digital Inputs DCOM –0.3 DVDD + 0.3 V thus may be left unterminated if not
IOUTA, IOUTB ACOM –1.0 AVDD + 0.3 V used.
COMP1, COMP2 ACOM –0.3 AVDD + 0.3 V 16 REFLO Reference Ground when Internal 1.2 V
REFIO, FSADJ ACOM –0.3 AVDD + 0.3 V Reference Used. Connect to AVDD to
REFLO ACOM –0.3 +0.3 V disable internal reference.
Junction Temperature +150 °C 17 REFIO Reference Input/Output. Serves as
Storage Temperature –65 +150 °C reference input when internal reference
Lead Temperature disabled (i.e., Tie REFLO to AVDD).
(10 sec) +300 °C Serves as 1.2 V reference output when
*Stresses above those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause perma- internal reference activated (i.e., Tie
nent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only; functional operation of the REFLO to ACOM). Requires 0.1 µF
device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational
capacitor to ACOM when internal
sections of this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum
ratings for extended periods may effect device reliability. reference activated.
18 FS ADJ Full-Scale Current Output Adjust.
THERMAL CHARACTERISTICS 19 COMP1 Bandwidth/Noise Reduction Node.
Thermal Resistance Add 0.1 µF to AVDD for optimum
28-Lead 300 mil SOIC performance.
θJA = 71.4°C/W 20 ACOM Analog Common.
θJC = 23°C/W 21 IOUTB Complementary DAC Current Output.
Full-scale current when all data bits
28-Lead TSSOP are 0s.
θJA = 97.9°C/W 22 IOUTA DAC Current Output. Full-scale
θJC = 14.0°C/W current when all data bits are 1s.
23 COMP2 Internal Bias Node for Switch Driver
PIN CONFIGURATION
Circuitry. Decouple to ACOM with
0.1 µF capacitor.
(MSB) DB7 1 28 CLOCK 24 AVDD Analog Supply Voltage (+2.7 V to
DB6 2 27 DVDD +5.5 V).
DB5 3 26 DCOM 26 DCOM Digital Common.
DB4 4 25 NC 27 DVDD Digital Supply Voltage (+2.7 V to
DB3 5 24 AVDD +5.5 V).
AD9708
DB2 6 TOP VIEW 23 COMP2
28 CLOCK Clock Input. Data latched on positive
DB1 7 (Not to Scale) 22 IOUTA edge of clock.
DB0 8 21 IOUTB
NC 9 20 ACOM
ORDERING GUIDE
NC 10 19 COMP1
NC 11 18 FS ADJ Temperature Package Package
NC 12 17 REFIO Model Range Descriptions Options*
NC 13 16 REFLO
AD9708AR –40°C to +85°C 28-Lead 300 Mil SOIC R-28
NC 14 15 SLEEP
AD9708ARU –40°C to +85°C 28-Lead TSSOP RU-28
NC = NO CONNECT AD9708-EB Evaluation Board
*R = Small Outline IC; RU = Thin Small Outline IC.
CAUTION
ESD (electrostatic discharge) sensitive device. Electrostatic charges as high as 4000 V readily
accumulate on the human body and test equipment and can discharge without detection. WARNING!
Although the AD9708 features proprietary ESD protection circuitry, permanent damage may
occur on devices subjected to high energy electrostatic discharges. Therefore, proper ESD
ESD SENSITIVE DEVICE
precautions are recommended to avoid performance degradation or loss of functionality.
–4– REV. B
AD9708
DEFINITIONS OF SPECIFICATIONS offset and gain drift, the drift is reported in ppm of full-scale
Linearity Error (Also Called Integral Nonlinearity or INL) range (FSR) per degree C. For reference drift, the drift is
Linearity error is defined as the maximum deviation of the reported in ppm per degree C.
actual analog output from the ideal output, determined by a
Power Supply Rejection
straight line drawn from zero to full scale.
The maximum change in the full-scale output as the supplies
Differential Nonlinearity (or DNL) are varied from nominal to minimum and maximum specified
DNL is the measure of the variation in analog value, normalized voltages.
to full scale, associated with a 1 LSB change in digital input code.
Settling Time
Monotonicity The time required for the output to reach and remain within a
A D/A converter is monotonic if the output either increases or specified error band about its final value, measured from the
remains constant as the digital input increases. start of the output transition.
Offset Error Glitch Impulse
The deviation of the output current from the ideal of zero is Asymmetrical switching times in a DAC give rise to undesired
called offset error. For IOUTA, 0 mA output is expected when output transients that are quantified by a glitch impulse. It is
the inputs are all 0s. For IOUTB, 0 mA output is expected specified as the net area of the glitch in pV-s.
when all inputs are set to 1s.
Spurious-Free Dynamic Range
Gain Error The difference, in dB, between the rms amplitude of the output
The difference between the actual and ideal output span. The signal and the peak spurious signal over the specified bandwidth.
actual span is determined by the output when all inputs are set
Signal-to-Noise and Distortion (S/N+D, SINAD) Ratio
to 1s minus the output when all inputs are set to 0s.
S/N+D is the ratio of the rms value of the measured output
Output Compliance Range signal to the rms sum of all other spectral components below the
The range of allowable voltage at the output of a current-output Nyquist frequency, including harmonics but excluding dc. The
DAC. Operation beyond the maximum compliance limits may value for S/N+D is expressed in decibels.
cause either output stage saturation or breakdown resulting in
Total Harmonic Distortion
nonlinear performance.
THD is the ratio of the rms sum of the first six harmonic
Temperature Drift components to the rms value of the measured output signal. It is
Temperature drift is specified as the maximum change from the expressed as a percentage or in decibels (dB).
ambient (+25°C) value to the value at either TMIN or TMAX . For
+5V
0.1mF
REV. B –5–
AD9708
Typical AC Characterization Curves (AVDD = +5 V or +3 V, DVDD = +5 V or +3 V, 50 ⍀ Doubly Terminated Load,
Single-Ended Output, IOUTA, IOUTFS = 20 mA, TA = +25ⴗC, unless otherwise noted)
70 70 55
THD @ 50MSPS THD @ 10MSPS
THD @ 10MSPS IOUTFS = 20mA
65 65
THD THD 50
@ 100MSPS IOUTFS = 10mA
@ 100MSPS
SINAD/THD – dB
SINAD/THD – dB
60 60
SINAD – dB
45 IOUTFS = 5mA
THD @ 50MSPS
55 55
40 IOUTFS = 2.5mA
50 50
SINAD @ 10MSPS SINAD @ 10MSPS
Figure 3. SINAD/THD vs. fOUT (AVDD Figure 4. SINAD/THD vs. f OUT (Differ- Figure 5. SINAD vs. IOUTFS
and DVDD = 5.0 V) ential Output, AVDD and DVDD = 5.0 V) @ 100 MSPS
70 70 52
THD IOUTFS = 20mA
@ 10MSPS
65 THD @ 10MSPS 65 THD
THD @ 50MSPS 50 IOUTFS = 10mA
@ 100MSPS
IOUTFS = 5mA
SINAD/THD – dB
SINAD/THD – dB
60 60
SINAD – dB
48
THD @ 50MSPS
55 55
THD @ 100MSPS IOUTFS = 2.5mA
46
50 50
SINAD @ 10MSPS SINAD @ 10MSPS
Figure 6. SINAD/THD vs. fOUT (AVDD Figure 7. SINAD/THD vs. f OUT (Differ- Figure 8. SINAD vs. IOUTFS
and DVDD = 3.0 V) ential Output, AVDD and DVDD = 3.0 V) @ 20 MSPS
0 0 0.6
fCLOCK = 25MSPS fCLOCK = 125MSPS
fOUT = 7.81MHz fOUT = 27.0MHz 0.5
SFDR = +60.7dBc SFDR = +52.7dBc
AMPLITUDE = 0dBFS AMPLITUDE = 0dBc 0.4
0.3
10dB – Div
10dB – Div
VOLTS
0.2
0.1
0.0
–0.1
Figure 9. Single-Tone Spectral Plot Figure 10. Single-Tone Spectral Figure 11. Step Response
@ 25 MSPS Plot @ 125 MSPS
–6– REV. B
AD9708
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION As previously mentioned, IOUTFS is a function of the reference
Figure 12 shows a simplified block diagram of the AD9708. The current IREF, which is nominally set by a reference voltage
AD9708 consists of a large PMOS current source array capable of VREFIO and external resistor RSET. It can be expressed as:
providing up to 20 mA of total current. The array is divided into IOUTFS = 32 × IREF (3)
31 equal currents that make up the five most significant bits
(MSBs). The remaining 3 LSBs are also implemented with equally where
weighted current sources whose sum total equals 7/8th of an IREF = VREFIO /RSET (4)
MSB current source. Implementing the upper and lower bits The two current outputs will typically drive a resistive load
with current sources helps maintain the DAC’s high output directly. If dc coupling is required, IOUTA and IOUTB should
impedance (i.e. > 100 kΩ). All of these current sources are be directly connected to matching resistive loads, RLOAD, which
switched to one or the other of the two output nodes (i.e., IOUTA are tied to analog common, ACOM. Note, RLOAD may repre-
or IOUTB) via PMOS differential current switches. The switches sent the equivalent load resistance seen by IOUTA or IOUTB
are based on a new architecture that drastically improves as would be the case in a doubly terminated 50 Ω or 75 Ω cable.
distortion performance. The single-ended voltage output appearing at the IOUTA and
The analog and digital sections of the AD9708 have separate IOUTB nodes is simply:
power supply inputs (i.e., AVDD and DVDD) that can operate VOUTA = IOUTA × R LOAD (5)
independently over a 2.7 volt to 5.5 volt range. The digital section,
V OUTB = IOUTB × R LOAD (6)
which is capable of operating up to a 125 MSPS clock rate,
consists of edge-triggered latches and segment decoding logic Note the full-scale value of VOUTA and VOUTB should not exceed
circuitry. The analog section includes the PMOS current the specified output compliance range to maintain specified
sources, the associated differential switches, a 1.20 V bandgap distortion and linearity performance.
voltage reference and a reference control amplifier. The differential voltage, VDIFF , appearing across IOUTA and
The full-scale output current is regulated by the reference con- IOUTB is:
trol amplifier and can be set from 2 mA to 20 mA via an exter- VDIFF = (IOUTA – IOUTB) × RLOAD (7)
nal resistor, RSET. The external resistor, in combination with
both the reference control amplifier and voltage reference Substituting the values of IOUTA , IOUTB, and IREF; VDIFF can be
VREFIO, sets the reference current I REF, which is mirrored over to expressed as:
the segmented current sources with the proper scaling factor. VDIFF = {(2 DAC CODE – 255)/256}/ × (32 RLOAD /RSET)
The full-scale current, IOUTFS, is thirty-two times the value of IREF. × VREFIO (8)
0.1mF
REV. B –7–
AD9708
+5V The small signal bandwidth of the reference control amplifier is
0.1mF approximately 1.8 MHz and can be reduced by connecting an
OPTIONAL
EXTERNAL external capacitor between COMP1 and AVDD. The output of
REF BUFFER
REFLO COMP1 AVDD the control amplifier, COMP1, is internally compensated via a
+1.2V REF
50pF
50 pF capacitor that limits the control amplifier small-signal
REFIO bandwidth and reduces its output impedance. Any additional
CURRENT
ADDITIONAL
FS ADJ SOURCE external capacitance further limits the bandwidth and acts as
LOAD 0.1mF ARRAY
a filter to reduce the noise contribution from the reference
2kV AD9708 amplifier. If IREF is fixed for an application, a 0.1 µF ceramic chip
capacitor is recommended.
Figure 13. Internal Reference Configuration IREF can be varied for a fixed RSET by disabling the internal
The internal reference can be disabled by connecting REFLO to reference and varying the common-mode voltage over its
AVDD. In this case, an external reference may then be applied compliance range of 1.25 V to 0.10 V. REFIO can be driven by
to REFIO as shown in Figure 14. The external reference may a single-supply amplifier or DAC, thus allowing IREF to be var-
provide either a fixed reference voltage to enhance accuracy and ied for a fixed RSET. Since the input impedance of REFIO is
drift performance or a varying reference voltage for gain control. approximately 1 MΩ, a simple R-2R ladder DAC configured in
Note that the 0.1 µF compensation capacitor is not required the voltage mode topology may be used to control the gain. This
since the internal reference is disabled, and the high input circuit is shown in Figure 15 using the AD7524 and an external
impedance (i.e., 1 MΩ) of REFIO minimizes any loading of the 1.2 V reference, the AD1580. Note another AD9708 could also
external reference. be used as the gain control DAC since it can also provide a
programmable unipolar output up to 1.2 V.
AVDD
ANALOG OUTPUTS AND OUTPUT CONFIGURATIONS
0.1mF The AD9708 produces two complementary current outputs,
IOUTA and IOUTB , which may be converted into complementary
AVDD
REFLO COMP1 AVDD single-ended voltage outputs, VOUTA and VOUTB, via a load resistor,
+1.2V REF RLOAD, as described in the DAC TRANSFER FUNCTION
50pF
VREFIO REFIO
section. Figure 16 shows the AD9708 configured to provide a
EXTERNAL CURRENT positive unipolar output range of approximately 0 V to +0.5 V
REF SOURCE
FS ADJ
ARRAY for a double terminated 50 Ω cable for a nominal full-scale
RSET IREF = current, IOUTFS, of 20 mA. In this case, RLOAD represents the
VREFIO/RSET REFERENCE
AD9708 CONTROL equivalent load resistance seen by IOUTA or IOUTB and is
AMPLIFIER
equal to 25 Ω. The unused output (IOUTA or IOUTB) can be
connected to ACOM directly or via a matching RLOAD. Different
Figure 14. External Reference Configuration values of IOUTFS and RLOAD can be selected as long as the posi-
The AD9708 also contains an internal control amplifier that is tive compliance range is adhered to.
used to regulate the DAC’s full-scale output current, IOUTFS.
The control amplifier is configured as a V-I converter, as shown AD9708 IOUTFS = 20mA
VOUTA = 0 TO +0.5V
in Figure 14, such that its current output, IREF, is determined by IOUTA 22
the ratio of the VREFIO and an external resistor, RSET, as stated 50V 50V
in Equation 4. The control amplifier allows a wide (10:1) IOUTB 21
adjustment span of IOUTFS over a 2 mA to 20 mA range by setting 25V
IREF between 62.5 µA and 625 µA. The wide adjustment span of
IOUTFS provides several application benefits. The first benefit
relates directly to the power dissipation of the AD9708, which is Figure 16. 0 V to +0.5 V Unbuffered Voltage Output
proportional to IOUTFS (refer to the POWER DISSIPATION Alternatively, an amplifier could be configured as an I-V converter
section). The second benefit relates to the 20 dB adjustment, thus converting IOUTA or IOUTB into a negative unipolar
which is useful for system gain control purposes.
AVDD
AVDD OPTIONAL
BANDLIMITING
CAPACITOR
–8– REV. B
AD9708
voltage. Figure 17 shows a buffered singled-ended output con- over a digital supply range of 2.7 V to 5.5 V. As a result, the
figuration in which the op amp, U1, performs an I-V conversion digital inputs can also accommodate TTL levels when DVDD is
on the AD9708 output current. U1 provides a negative unipolar set to accommodate the maximum high level voltage, VOH(MAX) ,
output voltage and its full-scale output voltage is simply the of the TTL drivers. A DVDD of 3 V to 3.3 V will typically
product of RFB and IOUTFS. The full-scale output should be set ensure upper compatibility of most TTL logic families.
within U1’s voltage output swing capabilities by scaling IOUTFS
and/or RFB . An improvement in ac distortion performance may DVDD
RFB
200V Figure 18. Equivalent Digital Input
AD9708 IOUTFS = 10mA
Since the AD9708 is capable of being updated up to 125 MSPS,
IOUTA 22 the quality of the clock and data input signals are important in
U1 VOUT = IOUTFS 3 RFB achieving the optimum performance. The drivers of the digital
IOUTB 21 data interface circuitry should be specified to meet the minimum
200V
setup-and-hold times of the AD9708 as well as its required min/
max input logic level thresholds. Typically, the selection of the
Figure 17. Unipolar Buffered Voltage Output slowest logic family that satisfies the above conditions will result
in the lowest data feedthrough and noise.
IOUTA and IOUTB also have a negative and positive voltage
compliance range that must be adhered to in order to achieve Digital signal paths should be kept short and run lengths matched
optimum performance. The positive output compliance range is to avoid propagation delay mismatch. The insertion of a low
slightly dependent on the full-scale output current, IOUTFS. It value resistor network (i.e., 20 Ω to 100 Ω) between the AD9708
degrades slightly from its nominal 1.25 V for an IOUTFS = 20 mA digital inputs and driver outputs may be helpful in reducing any
to 1.00 V for an IOUTFS = 2 mA. Applications requiring the overshooting and ringing at the digital inputs that contribute to
AD9708’s output (i.e., VOUTA and/or VOUTB) to extend up to its data feedthrough. For longer run lengths and high data update
output compliance range should size RLOAD accordingly. Operation rates, strip line techniques with proper termination resistors
beyond this compliance range will adversely affect the AD9708’s should be considered to maintain “clean” digital inputs. Also,
linearity. operating the AD9708 with reduced logic swings and a corre-
sponding digital supply (DVDD) will also reduce data feedthrough.
The differential voltage, VDIFF , existing between VOUTA and
VOUTB may also be converted to a single-ended voltage via a The external clock driver circuitry should provide the AD9708
transformer or differential amplifier configuration. Refer to the with a low jitter clock input meeting the min/max logic levels
DIFFERENTIAL OUTPUT CONFIGURATION section for while providing fast edges. Fast clock edges will help minimize
more information. any jitter that will manifest itself as phase noise on a recon-
structed waveform. However, the clock input could also be
DIGITAL INPUTS driven by via a sine wave, which is centered around the digital
The AD9708’s digital input consists of eight data input pins and threshold (i.e., DVDD/2), and meets the min/max logic threshold.
a clock input pin. The 8-bit parallel data inputs follow standard This may result in a slight degradation in the phase noise, which
positive binary coding where DB7 is the most significant bit becomes more noticeable at higher sampling rates and output
(MSB) and DB0 is the least significant bit (LSB). The digital frequencies. Note, at higher sampling rates the 20% tolerance
interface is implemented using an edge-triggered master slave of the digital logic threshold should be considered since it will
latch. The DAC output is updated following the rising edge of affect the effective clock duty cycle and subsequently cut into
the clock as shown in Figure 1 and is designed to support a the required data setup-and-hold times.
clock rate as high as 125 MSPS. The clock can be operated at
any duty cycle that meets the specified latch pulsewidth. The SLEEP MODE OPERATION
setup-and-hold times can also be varied within the clock cycle as The AD9708 has a power-down function that turns off the
long as the specified minimum times are met; although the output current and reduces the supply current to less than 8.5 mA
location of these transition edges may affect digital feedthrough over the specified supply range of 2.7 V to 5.5 V and tempera-
and distortion performance. ture range. This mode can be activated by applying a logic level
“1” to the SLEEP pin. This digital input also contains an active
The digital inputs are CMOS compatible with logic thresholds,
pull-down circuit that ensures the AD9708 remains enabled if
VTHRESHOLD set to approximately half the digital positive supply
this input is left disconnected. The SLEEP input with active
(DVDD) or
pull-down requires <40 µA of drive current.
VTHRESHOLD = DVDD/2 (±20%)
The power-up and power-down characteristics of the AD9708
Figure 18 shows the equivalent digital input circuit for the data
are dependent on the value of the compensation capacitor con-
and clock inputs. The sleep mode input is similar, except that
nected to COMP2 (Pin 23). With a nominal value of 0.1 µF, the
it contains an active pull-down circuit, thus ensuring that the
AD9708 takes less than 5 µs to power down and approximately
AD9708 remains enabled if this input is left disconnected. The
3.25 ms to power back up.
internal digital circuitry of the AD9708 is capable of operating
REV. B –9–
AD9708
30 18 8
125MSPS 125MSPS
16
25
14 100MSPS 100MSPS
6
20 12
IDVDD – mA
IAVDD – mA
IDVDD – mA
10
15 4
8
50MSPS 50MSPS
10 6
25MSPS 2 25MSPS
4
5
2 5MSPS 5MSPS
0 0 0
2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 0.01 0.1 1 0.01 0.1 1
IOUTFS – mA RATIO (fOUT/fCLK) RATIO (fOUT/fCLK)
Figure 19. IAVDD vs. IOUTFS Figure 20. IDVDD vs. Ratio Figure 21. IDVDD vs. Ratio
@ DVDD = 5 V @ DVDD = 3 V
–10– REV. B
AD9708
should be considered. The necessity and value of this resistor 500V
MINI-CIRCUITS
T1-1T
IOUTA 22 Figure 25. Single-Supply DC Differential Coupled Circuit
AD9708 RLOAD
AD9708 EVALUATION BOARD
IOUTB 21
General Description
OPTIONAL RDIFF
The AD9708-EB is an evaluation board for the AD9708 8-bit
D/A converter. Careful attention to layout and circuit design,
Figure 23. Differential Output Using a Transformer combined with a prototyping area, allows the user to easily and
An op amp can also be used to perform a differential to single- effectively evaluate the AD9708 in any application where high
ended conversion as shown in Figure 24. The AD9708 is resolution, high speed conversion is required.
configured with two equal load resistors, RLOAD, of 25 Ω. The This board allows the user the flexibility to operate the AD9708
differential voltage developed across IOUTA and IOUTB is in various configurations. Possible output configurations include
converted to a single-ended signal via the differential op amp transformer coupled, resistor terminated, inverting/noninverting
configuration. An optional capacitor can be installed across and differential amplifier outputs. The digital inputs are
IOUTA and IOUTB forming a real pole in a low-pass filter. designed to be driven directly from various word generators,
The addition of this capacitor also enhances the op amps distortion with the on-board option to add a resistor network for proper
performance by preventing the DACs high slewing output from load termination. Provisions are also made to operate the
overloading the op amp’s input. AD9708 with either the internal or external reference, or to
exercise the power-down feature.
Refer to the application note AN-420 “Using the AD9760/
AD9762/AD9764-EB Evaluation Board” for a thorough
description and operating instructions for the AD9708 evalua-
tion board.
REV. B –11–
DVDD DGND AVDD AGND AVEE AVCC
B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6
AD9708
TP19
TP3 TP2 TP4 TP6 TP7
TP18
TP5 CLK
J1 TP1
C3 C4 A C5 A C6 A JP1
10mF 10mF 10mF 10mF A B
EXTCLK
R15 1 2 3
DVDD DVDD 49.9V
R1 R5 R3 R7
16 PINDIP
1 1 1 1 U1 AVDD TP8
RES PK
C7 C8 C9
P1
AD9708 1mF 0.1mF 0.1mF
2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 C19 1 16 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1 28
DB13 CLOCK A
4 3 C1 2 15 2 27
DB12 DVDD
6 5 C2 3 14 3 26
DB11 DCOM
8 7 C25 4 13 4 25
DB10 NC
10 9 C26 5 12 5 24
DB9 AVDD AVDD
12 11 C27 6 11 6 23
DB8 COMP2 OUT 1
14 13 C28 7 10 7 22
DB7 IOUTA OUT 2
16 15 C29 8 9 8 21
DB6 IOUTB
18 17 9 20
DB5 ACOM
20 19 10 19
DB4 COMP1
22 21 11 18
DB3 FS ADJ
24 23 16 PINDIP 12 17
25 RES PK DB2 REFIO
26 13 16
DB1 REFLO
28 27 14 15
29 DB0 SLEEP TP11 TP10 TP9 TP13
30 C30 1 16
32 31 A
C31 2 15 R16
34 33 CT1 AVDD
C32 3 14 2kV
36 35 C33 4 13 C11 C10
38 37 A TP14
C34 5 12 1 0.1mF 0.1mF
40 39 C35 6 11
C36 7 10 2
JP4
JP2 3
–12–
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 PDIN
TP12 J2 A A A
AVDD
1 1 1 1
R2 R6 R4 R8 R17
DVDD DVDD 49.9V
AVCC
R18
A A
REV. B
AD9708
REV. B –13–
AD9708
–14– REV. B
AD9708
REV. B –15–
AD9708
OUTLINE DIMENSIONS
Dimensions shown in inches and (mm).
C2979b–1–4/99
0.7125 (18.10)
0.6969 (17.70)
28 15
0.2992 (7.60)
0.2914 (7.40)
0.4193 (10.65)
1 14
0.3937 (10.00)
88
0.0118 (0.30) 0.0500 0.0192 (0.49) SEATING 08 0.0500 (1.27)
(1.27) PLANE 0.0125 (0.32)
0.0040 (0.10) 0.0138 (0.35) 0.0157 (0.40)
BSC 0.0091 (0.23)
28-Lead TSSOP
(RU-28)
0.386 (9.80)
0.378 (9.60)
28 15
0.177 (4.50)
0.169 (4.30)
0.256 (6.50)
0.246 (6.25)
1
14
PIN 1
0.006 (0.15)
0.002 (0.05)
0.0433
(1.10)
MAX 0.028 (0.70)
8°
0.0256 (0.65) 0.0118 (0.30) 0° 0.020 (0.50)
SEATING 0.0079 (0.20)
BSC 0.0075 (0.19)
PLANE 0.0035 (0.090)
PRINTED IN U.S.A.
–16– REV. B