Common Name: ISOOCTANE

CAS Number: 540-84-1 RTK Substance number: 1061

DOT Number: UN 1262 Date: April 1997 Revision: March 2004
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HAZARD SUMMARY WORKPLACE EXPOSURE LIMITS

* Isooctane can affect you when breathed in. ACGIH: The recommended airborne exposure limit is
* Contact can irritate the skin and eyes. 300 ppm averaged over an 8-hour workshift.
* Repeated exposure can cause rash, dryness, and redness of
the skin. WAYS OF REDUCING EXPOSURE
* Breathing Isooctane can irritate the nose, throat and lungs * Where possible, enclose operations and use local exhaust
causing coughing, wheezing and/or shortness of breath. ventilation at the site of chemical release. If local exhaust
* Exposure can cause headache, nausea, reduced alertness, ventilation or enclosure is not used, respirators should be
poor coordination, and feeling dizzy or lightheaded. worn.
* Isooctane is a FLAMMABLE LIQUID and a * Wear protective work clothing.
DANGEROUS FIRE HAZARD. * Wash thoroughly immediately after exposure to Isooctane.
* Post hazard and warning information in the work area. In
IDENTIFICATION addition, as part of an ongoing education and training
Isooctane is a clear, colorless liquid which smells like effort, communicate all information on the health and
Gasoline. It is used as a solvent, in making other chemicals, safety hazards of Isooctane to potentially exposed
in motor fuels, and to determine the Octane number of fuels. workers.

REASON FOR CITATION

* Isooctane is on the Hazardous Substance List because it is
cited by ACGIH, DOT, IRIS, NFPA and EPA.
* This chemical is on the Special Health Hazard Substance
List because it is FLAMMABLE.
* Definitions are provided on page 5.

HOW TO DETERMINE IF YOU ARE BEING

EXPOSED
The New Jersey Right to Know Act requires most employers
to label chemicals in the workplace and requires public
employers to provide their employees with information and
training concerning chemical hazards and controls. The
federal OSHA Hazard Communication Standard, 1910.1200,
requires private employers to provide similar training and
information to their employees.

* Exposure to hazardous substances should be routinely

evaluated. This may include collecting personal and area
air samples. You can obtain copies of sampling results
from your employer. You have a legal right to this
information under OSHA 1910.1020.
* If you think you are experiencing any work-related health
problems, see a doctor trained to recognize occupational
diseases. Take this Fact Sheet with you.
 ISOOCTANE page 2 of 6

This Fact Sheet is a summary source of information of all WORKPLACE CONTROLS AND PRACTICES
potential and most severe health hazards that may result from
exposure. Duration of exposure, concentration of the substance Unless a less toxic chemical can be substituted for a hazardous
and other factors will affect your susceptibility to any of the substance, ENGINEERING CONTROLS are the most
potential effects described below. effective way of reducing exposure. The best protection is to
--------------------------------------------------------------------------- enclose operations and/or provide local exhaust ventilation at
the site of chemical release. Isolating operations can also
HEALTH HAZARD INFORMATION reduce exposure. Using respirators or protective equipment is
less effective than the controls mentioned above, but is
Acute Health Effects sometimes necessary.
The following acute (short-term) health effects may occur
immediately or shortly after exposure to Isooctane: In evaluating the controls present in your workplace, consider:
(1) how hazardous the substance is, (2) how much of the
* Contact can irritate the skin and eyes. substance is released into the workplace and (3) whether
* Breathing Isooctane can irritate the nose, throat and lungs harmful skin or eye contact could occur. Special controls
causing coughing, wheezing and/or shortness of breath. should be in place for highly toxic chemicals or when
* Exposure can cause headache, nausea, reduced alertness, significant skin, eye, or breathing exposures are possible.
poor coordination, and feeling dizzy or lightheaded.
In addition, the following controls are recommended:
Chronic Health Effects
The following chronic (long-term) health effects can occur at * Where possible, automatically pump liquid Isooctane from
some time after exposure to Isooctane and can last for months drums or other storage containers to process containers.
or years: * Before entering a confined space where Isooctane may be
present, check to make sure that an explosive concentration
Cancer Hazard does not exist.
* According to the information presently available to the New
Jersey Department of Health and Senior Services, Good WORK PRACTICES can help to reduce hazardous
Isooctane has not been tested for its ability to cause cancer exposures. The following work practices are recommended:
in animals.
* Workers whose clothing has been contaminated by
Reproductive Hazard Isooctane should change into clean clothing promptly.
* According to the information presently available to the New * Contaminated work clothes should be laundered by
Jersey Department of Health and Senior Services, individuals who have been informed of the hazards of
Isooctane has not been tested for its ability to affect exposure to Isooctane.
reproduction. * Eye wash fountains should be provided in the immediate
work area for emergency use.
* If there is the possibility of skin exposure, emergency
Other Long-Term Effects
shower facilities should be provided.
* Repeated exposure can cause rash, dryness, and redness of
* On skin contact with Isooctane, immediately wash or
the skin.
shower to remove the chemical.
* Do not eat, smoke, or drink where Isooctane is handled,
MEDICAL processed, or stored, since the chemical can be swallowed.
Wash hands carefully before eating, drinking, smoking, or
Medical Testing using the toilet.
There is no special test for this chemical. However, if illness
occurs or overexposure is suspected, medical attention is PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
recommended.
WORKPLACE CONTROLS ARE BETTER THAN
Any evaluation should include a careful history of past and PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT. However, for
present symptoms with an exam. Medical tests that look for some jobs (such as outside work, confined space entry, jobs
damage already done are not a substitute for controlling done only once in a while, or jobs done while workplace
exposure. controls are being installed), personal protective equipment
may be appropriate.
Request copies of your medical testing. You have a legal right
to this information under OSHA 1910.1020. OSHA 1910.132 requires employers to determine the
appropriate personal protective equipment for each hazard and
to train employees on how and when to use protective
equipment.
 ISOOCTANE page 3 of 6

The following recommendations are only guidelines and may QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
not apply to every situation.
Q: If I have acute health effects, will I later get chronic
Clothing health effects?
* Avoid skin contact with Isooctane. Wear solvent-resistant A: Not always. Most chronic (long-term) effects result from
gloves and clothing. Safety equipment suppliers/ repeated exposures to a chemical.
manufacturers can provide recommendations on the most
protective glove/clothing material for your operation. Q: Can I get long-term effects without ever having short-
* All protective clothing (suits, gloves, footwear, headgear) term effects?
should be clean, available each day, and put on before A: Yes, because long-term effects can occur from repeated
work. exposures to a chemical at levels not high enough to make
* Safety equipment manufacturers recommend Nitrile Rubber you immediately sick.
or Viton as protective materials.
Q: What are my chances of getting sick when I have been
Eye Protection exposed to chemicals?
* Wear indirect-vent, impact and splash resistant goggles A: The likelihood of becoming sick from chemicals is
when working with liquids. increased as the amount of exposure increases. This is
* Wear a face shield along with goggles when working with determined by the length of time and the amount of
corrosive, highly irritating or toxic substances. material to which someone is exposed.

Respiratory Protection Q: When are higher exposures more likely?

IMPROPER USE OF RESPIRATORS IS DANGEROUS. A: Conditions which increase risk of exposure include
Such equipment should only be used if the employer has a physical and mechanical processes (heating, pouring,
written program that takes into account workplace conditions, spraying, spills and evaporation from large surface areas
requirements for worker training, respirator fit testing and such as open containers), and "confined space" exposures
medical exams, as described in OSHA 1910.134. (working inside vats, reactors, boilers, small rooms, etc.).
* Where the potential exists for exposure over 300 ppm, use Q: Is the risk of getting sick higher for workers than for
a NIOSH approved supplied-air respirator with a full community residents?
facepiece operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-
A: Yes. Exposures in the community, except possibly in
pressure mode. For increased protection use in combination
cases of fires or spills, are usually much lower than those
with an auxiliary self-contained breathing apparatus
found in the workplace. However, people in the
operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure
community may be exposed to contaminated water as well
mode.
as to chemicals in the air over long periods. This may be
a problem for children or people who are already ill.
HANDLING AND STORAGE
* Prior to working with Isooctane you should be trained on
its proper handling and storage.
* Isooctane is not compatible with REDUCING AGENTS;
OXIDIZING AGENTS (such as PERCHLORATES,
PEROXIDES, PERMANGANATES, CHLORATES,
NITRATES, CHLORINE, BROMINE and FLUORINE);
STRONG ACIDS (such as HYDROCHLORIC,
SULFURIC and NITRIC); and STRONG BASES (such as
SODIUM HYDROXIDE and POTASSIUM
HYDROXIDE).
* Store in tightly closed containers in a cool, well-ventilated
area.
* Sources of ignition, such as smoking and open flames, are
prohibited where Isooctane is used, handled, or stored.
* Metal containers involving the transfer of Isooctane should
be grounded and bonded.
* Use only non-sparking tools and equipment, especially
when opening and closing containers of Isooctane.
ISOOCTANE page 4 of 6

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The following information is available from:

New Jersey Department of Health and Senior Services

Occupational Health Service
PO Box 360
Trenton, NJ 08625-0360
(609) 984-1863
(609) 984-7407 (fax)

Web address: http://www.state.nj.us/health/eoh/odisweb/

Industrial Hygiene Information

Industrial hygienists are available to answer your questions
regarding the control of chemical exposures using exhaust
ventilation, special work practices, good housekeeping, good
hygiene practices, and personal protective equipment including
respirators. In addition, they can help to interpret the results of
industrial hygiene survey data.

Medical Evaluation
If you think you are becoming sick because of exposure to
chemicals at your workplace, you may call personnel at the
Department of Health and Senior Services, Occupational
Health Service, who can help you find the information you
need.

Public Presentations
Presentations and educational programs on occupational health
or the Right to Know Act can be organized for labor unions,
trade associations and other groups.

Right to Know Information Resources

The Right to Know Infoline (609) 984-2202 can answer
questions about the identity and potential health effects of
chemicals, list of educational materials in occupational health,
references used to prepare the Fact Sheets, preparation of the
Right to Know Survey, education and training programs,
labeling requirements, and general information regarding the
Right to Know Act. Violations of the law should be reported to
(609) 984-2202.
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 ISOOCTANE page 5 of 6

DEFINITIONS
ACGIH is the American Conference of Governmental NAERG is the North American Emergency Response
Industrial Hygienists. It recommends upper limits (called Guidebook. It was jointly developed by Transport Canada, the
TLVs) for exposure to workplace chemicals. United States Department of Transportation and the Secretariat
of Communications and Transportation of Mexico. It is a
A carcinogen is a substance that causes cancer. guide for first responders to quickly identify the specific or
generic hazards of material involved in a transportation
The CAS number is assigned by the Chemical Abstracts incident, and to protect themselves and the general public
Service to identify a specific chemical. during the initial response phase of the incident.

CFR is the Code of Federal Regulations, which consists of the NFPA is the National Fire Protection Association. It classifies
regulations of the United States government. substances according to their fire and explosion hazard.

A combustible substance is a solid, liquid or gas that will burn. NIOSH is the National Institute for Occupational Safety and
Health. It tests equipment, evaluates and approves respirators,
A corrosive substance is a gas, liquid or solid that causes conducts studies of workplace hazards, and proposes standards
irreversible damage to human tissue or containers. to OSHA.

DEP is the New Jersey Department of Environmental NTP is the National Toxicology Program which tests
Protection. chemicals and reviews evidence for cancer.

DOT is the Department of Transportation, the federal agency OSHA is the Occupational Safety and Health Administration,
that regulates the transportation of chemicals. which adopts and enforces health and safety standards.

EPA is the Environmental Protection Agency, the federal PEL is the Permissible Exposure Limit which is enforceable by
agency responsible for regulating environmental hazards. the Occupational Safety and Health Administration.

A fetus is an unborn human or animal. PIH is a DOT designation for chemicals which are Poison
Inhalation Hazards.
A flammable substance is a solid, liquid, vapor or gas that will
ignite easily and burn rapidly. ppm means parts of a substance per million parts of air. It is a
measure of concentration by volume in air.
The flash point is the temperature at which a liquid or solid
gives off vapor that can form a flammable mixture with air. A reactive substance is a solid, liquid or gas that releases
energy under certain conditions.
IARC is the International Agency for Research on Cancer, a
scientific group that classifies chemicals according to their STEL is a Short Term Exposure Limit which is usually a 15-
cancer-causing potential. minute exposure that should not be exceeded at any time during
a work day.
IRIS is the Integrated Risk Information System database of the
federal EPA. A teratogen is a substance that causes birth defects by
damaging the fetus.
A miscible substance is a liquid or gas that will evenly dissolve
in another. TLV is the Threshold Limit Value, the workplace exposure
limit recommended by ACGIH.
mg/m3 means milligrams of a chemical in a cubic meter of air.
It is a measure of concentration (weight/volume). The vapor pressure is a measure of how readily a liquid or a
solid mixes with air at its surface. A higher vapor pressure
A mutagen is a substance that causes mutations. A mutation is indicates a higher concentration of the substance in air and
a change in the genetic material in a body cell. Mutations can therefore increases the likelihood of breathing it in.
lead to birth defects, miscarriages, or cancer.
 page 6 of 6
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> E M E R G E N C Y I N F O R M A T I O N <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<
Common Name: ISOOCTANE =============================================
DOT Number: UN 1262 FOR LARGE SPILLS AND FIRES immediately call your fire
NAERG Code: 128 department. You can request emergency information from the
CAS Number: 540-84-1 following:

CHEMTREC: (800) 424-9300

Hazard rating NJDHSS NFPA NJDEP HOTLINE: 1-877-WARN-DEP
FLAMMABILITY - 3 =============================================
REACTIVITY - 0
HANDLING AND STORAGE (See page 3)
FLAMMABLE
POISONOUS GASES ARE PRODUCED IN FIRE
FIRST AID
CONTAINERS MAY EXPLODE IN FIRE
For POISON INFORMATION call 1-800-222-1222
Hazard Rating Key: 0=minimal; 1=slight; 2=moderate;
3=serious; 4=severe Eye Contact
* Immediately flush with large amounts of water for at least
FIRE HAZARDS 15 minutes, occasionally lifting upper and lower lids.
* Isooctane is a FLAMMABLE LIQUID.
Skin Contact
* Use dry chemical, CO2, alcohol or polymer foam
* Remove contaminated clothing. Wash contaminated skin
extinguishers, as water may not be effective in fighting
with soap and water.
fires.
* POISONOUS GASES ARE PRODUCED IN FIRE.
Breathing
* CONTAINERS MAY EXPLODE IN FIRE.
* Remove the person from exposure.
* Use water spray to keep fire-exposed containers cool.
* Begin rescue breathing (using universal precautions) if
* Vapors may travel to a source of ignition and flash back.
breathing has stopped and CPR if heart action has stopped.
* Vapor is heavier than air and may travel a distance to cause
* Transfer promptly to a medical facility.
a fire or explosion far from the source.
* If employees are expected to fight fires, they must be
PHYSICAL DATA
trained and equipped as stated in OSHA 1910.156.

SPILLS AND EMERGENCIES Vapor Pressure: 40.6 mm Hg at 68oF (20oC)

Flash Point: 10oF (-12oC)
If Isooctane is spilled or leaked, take the following steps: Water Solubility: Insoluble
* Evacuate persons not wearing protective equipment from OTHER COMMONLY USED NAMES
area of spill or leak until clean-up is complete.
* Remove sources of ignition. Chemical Name:
* Cover with an activated charcoal adsorbent and place in Pentane, 2,2,4-Trimethyl-
covered containers for disposal. Other Names:
* Ventilate and wash area after clean-up is complete.
Isobutyltrimethylmethane
* Keep Isooctane out of a confined space, such as a sewer,
because of the possibility of an explosion, unless the sewer
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is designed to prevent the build-up of explosive
concentrations. Not intended to be copied and sold for commercial
* It may be necessary to contain and dispose of Isooctane as purposes.
a HAZARDOUS WASTE. Contact your state Department --------------------------------------------------------------------------
of Environmental Protection (DEP) or your regional office NEW JERSEY DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND
of the federal Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) for SENIOR SERVICES
specific recommendations. Right to Know Program
* If employees are required to clean-up spills, they must be PO Box 368, Trenton, NJ 08625-0368
properly trained and equipped. OSHA 1910.120(q) may be (609) 984-2202
applicable. --------------------------------------------------------------------------