Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 58 views

    Tutorial Week 9 WM

    Uploaded by

    iwaa
    The document discusses solving a chemical reaction problem using the Wegstein iterative method. [1] The problem involves determining the reactor temperature of an exothermic reaction in a continuous stirred tank reactor. [2] The Wegstein method is applied by iteratively guessing the temperature, calculating conversion using rate equations, and determining the new temperature from an energy balance equation until convergence within 0.00001 is reached. [3] The final determined reactor temperature using this method is 310.0008K.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Tutorial Week 9 WM

    Uploaded by

    iwaa
    58 views15 pages
    The document discusses solving a chemical reaction problem using the Wegstein iterative method. [1] The problem involves determining the reactor temperature of an exothermic reaction in a continuous stirred tank reactor. [2] The Wegstein method is applied by iteratively guessing the temperature, calculating conversion using rate equations, and determining the new temperature from an energy balance equation until convergence within 0.00001 is reached. [3] The final determined reactor temperature using this method is 310.0008K.

    Original Description:

    .

    Original Title

    TUTORIAL WEEK 9 WM

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    The document discusses solving a chemical reaction problem using the Wegstein iterative method. [1] The problem involves determining the reactor temperature of an exothermic reaction in a continuous stirred tank reactor. [2] The Wegstein method is applied by iteratively guessing the temperature, calculating conversion using rate equations, and determining the new temperature from an energy balance equation until convergence within 0.00001 is reached. [3] The final determined reactor temperature using this method is 310.0008K.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    58 views15 pages

    Tutorial Week 9 WM

    Uploaded by

    iwaa
    The document discusses solving a chemical reaction problem using the Wegstein iterative method. [1] The problem involves determining the reactor temperature of an exothermic reaction in a continuous stirred tank reactor. [2] The Wegstein method is applied by iteratively guessing the temperature, calculating conversion using rate equations, and determining the new temperature from an energy balance equation until convergence within 0.00001 is reached. [3] The final determined reactor temperature using this method is 310.0008K.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    You are on page 1of 15

    TUTORIAL WEEK 6

    Iterative Methods
    ▪ Wegstein Method

    Prepared : Suffiyana Akhbar


    TUTORIAL WEEK 6

    3.0 Applied Numerical Method with Application

    CLO 6 Identify the types of iterative methods available: Wegstein


    Method
    CLO 7 Apply Wegstein method to solve chemical engineering problems
    EXAMPLE 1
    The elementary reaction of component A to produce desired
    product, B and byproduct, C is carried out in a jacketed continuous
    stirred tank reactor (CSTR) with 1st order reaction, k. Pure of A enters
    reactor at a flow rate of 12 mol/s and a temperature of 298 K. The
    reaction is exothermic and cooling water at 323 K is used to absorb
    the heat generated. By assuming constant heat capacity and equal
    heat capacity of both sides of the reaction, energy balance of this
    system can be written as

    −𝐹𝐴𝑂 𝑋∆𝐻𝑅 = 𝐹𝐴𝑂 𝐶𝑝𝐴 𝑇 − 𝑇𝑂 + 𝑈𝐴(𝑇 − 𝑇𝑎 )

    Where
    𝐹𝐴𝑂 = molar flow rate, mol/s
    X = conversion
    ∆𝐻𝑅 = heat of reaction, J/mol A
    𝐶𝑝𝐴 = heat capacity of A, J/mol A. K
    T = reactor temperature, K
    𝑇𝑎 = cooling water temperature, K
    𝑇𝑜 = inlet reactor stream temperature, K
    U = overall heat transfer coefficient, W/m2.K
    A = heat transfer area, m2
    EXAMPLE 2
    For first order reaction, the conversion can be calculated from

    10𝑘
    𝑋=
    1 + 10𝑘

    Where k is the specific reaction rate in s -1 defined by the Arrhenius


    formula

    𝑘 = 650𝑒𝑥𝑝 −3800Τ𝑇

    With additional data in Table 1:

    Parameters Values
    ∆𝐻𝑅 -1500 kJ/mol
    𝐶𝑝𝐴 4500 J/mol.K
    UA/𝐹𝐴𝑂 700 W.s/mol.K
    EXAMPLE 2
    a) Prove that the equation of reactor temperature, T(x) from the
    energy balance lead as follows:

    1500000𝑋 + 1567100
    𝑇 𝑋 =
    5200

    b) Determine the root of temperature that satisfied the energy


    balance for this system using Wegstein’s method. Start with
    initial estimated value of 330 K, with an error tolerance of 10-4.
    SOLUTION (a):
    Step 1: Simplified the energy balance equation given

    −𝐹𝐴𝑂 𝑋∆𝐻𝑅 = 𝐹𝐴𝑂 𝐶𝑝𝐴 𝑇 − 𝑇𝑂 + 𝑈𝐴(𝑇 − 𝑇𝑎 )

    𝐹𝐴𝑂 𝐶𝑝𝐴 𝑈𝐴
    𝑋∆𝐻𝑅 = 𝑇 − 𝑇𝑂 + (𝑇 − 𝑇𝑎 )
    −𝐹𝐴𝑂 −𝐹𝐴𝑂

    𝑈𝐴
    𝑋∆𝐻𝑅 = −𝐶𝑝𝐴 𝑇 − 𝑇𝑂 − (𝑇 − 𝑇𝑎 )
    𝐹𝐴𝑂

    Step 2: Substitute all the given data into the EB equation and
    simplified

    𝑘𝐽 𝐽 𝐽. 𝑠
    𝑋 −1500 = −4500 𝑇 − 298 − 700 (𝑇 − 323
    𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑚𝑜𝑙. 𝐾 𝑠. 𝑚𝑜𝑙. 𝐾

    1500000𝑋 = 4500 𝑇 − 298 + 700(𝑇 − 323)


    SOLUTION (a):
    1500000𝑋 = 5200𝑇 − 1567100

    5200𝑇 = 1500000𝑋 + 1567100

    1500000𝑋 + 1567100 Proven


    𝑇 𝑋 =
    5200
    SOLUTION (b):
    1500000𝑋 + 1567100
    𝑇 𝑋 = Equation 1
    5200

    Where; 10𝑘
    𝑋=
    1 + 10𝑘 Equation 2

    𝑘 = 650𝑒𝑥𝑝 −3800Τ𝑇 Equation 3


    SOLUTION (b):
    Step 3: Solving using Wegstein method; (i)determine the T1 calculate
    (T1c) by substitute T1g into Equation 3, 2 and 1.

    Given; T1 guess (T1g) = 300K

    (i) substitute T1g 𝑘 = 650𝑒𝑥𝑝 −3800Τ𝑇


    into Equation 3 𝑘 = 650𝑒𝑥𝑝 −3800Τ300
    to find k value
    𝑘 = 0.006486
    10𝑘
    𝑋=
    1 + 10𝑘
    (ii) substitute k
    10(0.006486) into Equation 2
    𝑋=
    1 + 10(0.006486) to find X value
    (iii) substitute X
    into Equation 1 𝑋 = 0.060905
    to find T value
    SOLUTION (b):
    1500000𝑋 + 1567100
    𝑇 𝑋 =
    5200
    1500000(0.060905) + 1567100
    𝑇 𝑋 =
    5200
    𝑇 𝑋 = 318.9343𝐾 T1c

    Step 4: Solving using Wegstein method; (i)determine the T2 calculate


    (T2c) by substitute T2g into Equation 3, 2 and 1.

    T2g is not given. Assume T2c as T2g

    Assume; T2 guess (T2g) = 318.9343K


    SOLUTION (b):
    Assume; T2 guess (T2g) = 318.9343K

    (i) substitute T2g 𝑘 = 650𝑒𝑥𝑝 −3800Τ𝑇


    into Equation 3
    to find k value 𝑘 = 650𝑒𝑥𝑝 −3800Τ318.9343

    𝑘 = 0.004349

    10𝑘
    𝑋=
    1 + 10𝑘
    (ii) substitute k
    10(0.004349 )
    𝑋= into Equation 2
    1 + 10(0.004349 ) to find X value
    𝑋 = 0.041677

    (iii) substitute X
    into Equation 1
    to find T value
    SOLUTION (b):
    1500000𝑋 + 1567100
    𝑇 𝑋 =
    5200

    1500000(0.041677 ) + 1567100
    𝑇 𝑋 =
    5200

    𝑇 𝑋 = 313.3876 T2c

    Step 5: Solving using Wegstein method; (ii)determine Tnew using


    Wegstein formula
    𝑇1 𝑔 𝑇2 𝑐 − 𝑇1 𝑐 𝑇2 𝑔
    𝑇 𝑛𝑒𝑤 = 𝑔
    𝑇1 − 𝑇2 𝑔 + 𝑇2 𝑐 − 𝑇1 𝑐
    300(313.3876) − 318.9343(318.9343)
    𝑇 𝑛𝑒𝑤 =
    300 − 318.9343 + 313.3876 − 318.9343

    𝑇 𝑛𝑒𝑤 = 307.8131
    SOLUTION (b):
    Step 6: Determine the Tnew calculate (Tnewc )

    𝑇 𝑛𝑒𝑤 = 307.8131 Tnewg

    Calculate the Tnew calculate (Tnewc ) by substitute Tnewg into Equation


    3, 2 and 1.

    𝑘 = 650𝑒𝑥𝑝 −3800Τ307.8131 (i) substitute Tnewg into


    Equation 3 to find k value
    𝑘 = 0.002828
    10(0.002828 )
    𝑋=
    1 + 10(0.002828 ) (ii) substitute k into Equation 2
    to find X value
    𝑋 = 0.027502

    1500000(0.027502 ) + 1567100 (iii) substitute X into


    𝑇 𝑋 = Equation 1 to find
    5200
    Tnewc value
    𝑇 𝑋 = 309.2987𝐾 Tnewc
    SOLUTION (b):
    Step 7: Calculate the tolerance error

    𝑇1 𝑐 − 𝑇1 𝑔 309.2987 − 307.8131
    𝑇𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑒𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑟 = =
    𝑇1 𝑐 309.2987

    𝑇𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑒𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑟 = 0.004803 > 1x10-4

    Step 8: Continue the iterative until Tguess = Tcalculate with tolerance error
    1x10-4
    SOLUTION (b):
    𝑔
    𝑇1 𝑐 − 𝑇1
    ԑ=
    𝑇1 𝑐

    Tguess (K) k X Tcalculate (K) Tolerance


    error
    No of
    iteration

    330 0.006486 0.060905 318.9343 0.03470


    1
    318.9343 0.004349 0.041677 313.3876 0.0177
    2
    307.8131 0.002828 0.027502 309.2987 0.004803
    3 310.1625 0.003105 0.030115 310.0524 0.000355
    310.0004 0.003087 0.029936 310.0008 0.0000013

    < 1x10-4
    Therefore; T= 310.0008K Final answer

    You might also like