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Assignment 2

This document contains 10 questions about refrigeration systems, compressors, and thermodynamic cycles. It asks the student to calculate things like coefficient of performance, heat transfer rates, mass flow rates, compressor power requirements, and volumetric efficiencies. It also provides two project questions that involve using equations of state software to model refrigeration cycles and investigate the impact of design parameters like evaporator pressure, compressor efficiency, and refrigerant flow rate on COP, power input, and rate of refrigeration.

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Pallav Agrawal
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279 views2 pages

Assignment 2

This document contains 10 questions about refrigeration systems, compressors, and thermodynamic cycles. It asks the student to calculate things like coefficient of performance, heat transfer rates, mass flow rates, compressor power requirements, and volumetric efficiencies. It also provides two project questions that involve using equations of state software to model refrigeration cycles and investigate the impact of design parameters like evaporator pressure, compressor efficiency, and refrigerant flow rate on COP, power input, and rate of refrigeration.

Uploaded by

Pallav Agrawal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ME321 Refrigeration and Air Conditioning 29/01/20

Assignment 2
Q1. A Carnot refrigeration cycle absorbs heat at −12◦ C and rejects it at 40◦ C.
(a) Calculate the coefficient of performance of this refrigeration cycle.
(b) If the cycle is absorbing 15 kW at the −12◦ C temperature, how much power is required?
(c) What is the rate of heat rejection at the 40◦ C temperature if the heat pump absorbs 15
kW at the −12◦ C?
∂T

Q2. For an ideal gas, show that µJ = 0, where µJ = ∂P h
is the Joule-Thomson coeffi-
cient.
Q3. The earth’s polar ice caps contain about 2.50 × 106 m3 of ice. Determine the tons of
refrigeration produced if all this ice were to melt at 0◦ C in a period of 24 hours. The density
of ice at 0◦ C is 917 kg/m3 .
Q4. A refrigeration system using refrigerant R22 is to have a refrigerating capacity of 23 TR.
The cycle is a simple saturated vapour-compression cycle in which the evaporating temperature
is −8◦ C and the condensing temperature 42◦ C.
(a) Determine the volume flow of refrigerant measured in m3 /s at the inlet to the compressor.
(b) Calculate the power required by the compressor.
(c) At the entrance to the evaporator, what is the fraction of vapour in the mixture expressed
both on a mass basis and volume basis?
Q5. Solve problem 4 with the following refrigerants:
(a) R11
(b) R12
(c) R502
Q6. R-134a enters the compressor of a refrigerator as superheated vapour at 0.20 MPa and
−5◦ C at a rate of 0.07 kg/s, and it leaves at 1.2 MPa and 70◦ C. The refrigerant is cooled in
the condenser to 44◦ C and 1.15 MPa, and it is throttled to 0.21 MPa. Disregarding any heat
transfer and pressure drops in the connecting lines between the components, show the cycle
on a T-s diagram and the P-h chart, and determine (a) the rate of heat removal from the
refrigerated space and the power input to the compressor, (b) the isentropic efficiency of the
compressor, and (c) the COP of the refrigerator.
Q7. A single stage reciprocating air compressor has a swept volume of 2000 cm3 and runs at 800
rpm. It operates on a pressure ratio of 8, with a clearance of 5% of the swept volume. Assume
NTP room conditions at inlet, and polytropic compression and expansion with n = 1.25.
Calculate (a) the indicated power, (b) volumetric efficiency, (c) mass flow rate, (d) the free air
delivery FAD, (e) isothermal efficiency, (f) actual power needed to drive the compressor, if the
mechanical efficiency is 0.85. Take free air conditions at inlet as 101.3 kPa, 21◦ C.
ME321 Refrigeration and Air Conditioning 29/01/20

Q8. An ammonia compressor has a 5% clearance volume and a displacement rate of 80 L/s
and pumps against a condensing temperatures of −10 and 10◦ C, compute the refrigerant flow
rate.
Q9. A 4-cylinder single stage air compressor has a bore of 200 mm and a stroke of 300 mm
and runs at 400 rpm. At a working pressure of 620 kPa (gauge) it delivers 3.1 m3 of air per
minute at 270◦ C. Calculate (a) mass flow rate, (b) free air delivery, (c) effective swept volume,
(d) volumetric efficiency. For air, cp = 1.005 kJ/kgK and R = 0.287 kJ/kgK.
Q10. A two-stage air compressor receives 0.238 m3 /s of air at 1 bar and 27◦ C and discharges it
at 10 bar. The polytropic index of compression is 1.35. Determine (a) the minimum power nec-
essary for compression, (b) the power needed for single-stage compression to the same pressure,
(c) the maximum temperature for (a) and (b), and (d) the heat removed in the intercooler.

Project: Part 1
Q1. Consider a refrigeration system that operates on an ideal vapour-compression refrigerant
cycle with RXXX as the working fluid. The refrigerant enters the compressor with flow rate of
0.5 m3 /min as saturated vapour at 140 kPa and is compressed to 800 kPa. Show the cycle on
T − s and P − h charts using EES, and determine (a) the quality of the refrigerant at the end
of the throttling process, (b) the COP, and (c) the power input to the compressor. Investigate
the effect of evaporator pressure on the COP and the power input as it varies from 100 to 400
kPa. Plot them as functions of evaporator pressures and discuss the results.
Q2. Reconsider Question 1 with isentropic efficiency of the compressor varying from 60 to 100
percent and volume flow rate from 0.1 to 1.0 m3 /min and discuss their impact on the COP,
input power and rate of refrigeration using plots.

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