Design Parameters BS8110

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Design Parameters for Longitudinal Bars

For each of these parameters, the user defined limits (specified in Design Options > Beam >
Reinforcement Settings) are considered in addition to any BS 8110 recommendations.

Minimum Distance between Bars


To allow you to make decisions regarding access for concrete compaction or size of aggregate, a
value for the minimum clear distance between bars is specified in Design Options > Beam >
Reinforcement Settings - separate values being set for bars in the top of the beam and for those in
the bottom of the beam.
The minimum clear horizontal distance between individual parallel bars, scl,min, is given by;1
scl,min ≥ MAX[hagg + 5mm, scl,u,min]
where    
hagg = maximum size of coarse aggregate
scl,u,min = user specified minimum clear distance between bars

The minimum clear vertical distance between horizontal layers of parallel bars, scl,min, is given by;
scl,min ≥ 2hagg/3
IF    
φ > hagg + 5mm,
THEN    
scl,min  > φ
where    
φ = the maximum diameter of bar
Maximum Spacing of Tension Bars
When the maximum crack width is limited to 0.3mm and nominal cover to reinforcement does not
exceed 50 mm,
scl,max  ≤ 47000/fs ≤ 300mm
where    
scl,max  = maximum clear horizontal distance between bars in tension
fs = the design service stress in the tension reinforcement of a
memberA
fs = (5*fy *As req)/(8*As prov) * (1/βb)
As req = required area of tension reinforcement
As prov = provided area of tension reinforcement
βb = (moment at the section after redistribution) / (moment at the
section before redistribution)

Minimum Area of Reinforcement


The minimum area of longitudinal tension reinforcement, As,min, is given by;A
a) For rectangular sections:
  As,min ≥ 0.0024*b*h (For fy = 250 N/mm2)
  As,min ≥ 0.0013*b*h (For fy = 500 N/mm2)
b) For flanged beams, web in tension:
i) bw/b ˂ 0.4
  As,min ≥ 0.0032*bw*h (For fy = 250 N/mm2)
  As,min ≥ 0.0018*bw*h (For fy = 500 N/mm2)
ii) bw/b ≥ 0.4
  As,min ≥ 0.0024*bw*h (For fy = 250 N/mm2)
  As,min ≥ 0.0013*bw*h (For fy = 500 N/mm2)
c) For flanged beams, flange in tension:
i) T beam
  As,min ≥ 0.0048*bw*h (For fy = 250 N/mm2)
  As,min ≥ 0.0026*bw*h (For fy = 500 N/mm2)
ii) L beam
  As,min ≥ 0.0036*bw*h (For fy = 250 N/mm2)
  As,min ≥ 0.002*bw*h (For fy = 500 N/mm2)

A
 BS 8110-1:1997 3.12.5.3, Table 3.25

The minimum area of longitudinal compression reinforcement, As’,min, is given by;


a) For rectangular sections:
  As’,min ≥ 0.002*b*h (For fy = 250 N/mm2)
  As’,min ≥ 0.002*b*h (For fy = 500 N/mm2)
b) For flanged beam:
i) Flange in compression
  As’,min ≥ 0.004*b*hf (For fy = 250 N/mm2)
  As’,min ≥ 0.004*b*hf (For fy = 500 N/mm2)
ii) Web in compression
  As’,min ≥ 0.002*bw*h (For fy = 250 N/mm2)
  As’,min ≥ 0.002*bw*h (For fy = 500 N/mm2)
  where      
  b = breadth of section
  bw = breadth or effective breadth of the rib for T or L section, average
breadth of the concrete below the flange
 
  fy = characteristic strength of reinforcement
  h = overall depth of the cross-section of a reinforced member
  hf = depth of flange  

Maximum Area of Reinforcement


The maximum area of longitudinal tension reinforcement, As,max, is given by2;
As,max ≤ 0.04*Ac    

The maximum area of longitudinal compression reinforcement, As’,max, is given by;


As’,max ≤ 0.04*Ac    
where        
Ac = the cross sectional area of the beam
  = h*b (For rectangular section)
  = h*bw (For flanged section)

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