Flood Control Applications PDF

FLOOD CONTROL APPLICATION
COURSE CATEGORY: WASTEWATER TRANSPORT

OBJECTIVE
After this training you will:
• Have general knowledge of flood control pumping system
• Understand what needs to be considered in selecting the correct pump for flood control application
• Able to convince client of Grundfos capabilities in offering total flood pumping solution
CONTENT HIGHLIGHTS
PART 1
• INTRODUCTION
• PLANNING PROCESS
• SYSTEM COMPONENT
• PUMPING STATION
• DESIGN CONSIDERATION
• DESIGN PROCEDURE
• DESIGN TOOL
• CASE STUDIES
• DESIGN ISSUE
PARTICIPANT PROFILE
This training is aimed for SALES, BD, PROJECT personnel who is dealing with designers/consultants of flood mitigation projects
21-05-2020 NAME Confidential 1

FLOOD CONTROL
APPLICATION
Ir. Ana Miraa Mohd Yusof
Area Flood Control Solution Manager – South Asia

SPEAKER
Ir. ANA MIRAA MOHD YUSOF
Area Flood Control Solution Manager – South Asia
1999-2020
EDUCATION
MSc Water Resources Engineering (Civil) – UiTM, Malaysia
Bachelor in Engineering (Mechanical) – QUT, Australia
COMPETENCIES
Flood mitigation
Pumping system design
Rainwater harvesting
Stormwater treatment system
MEMBERSHIP
Association of Environmental Consultants & Companies of Malaysia (AECCOM)
Malaysia Water Association (MWA)
Institution of Engineers, Malaysia (IEM)
Board of Engineer Malaysia (BEM)

CONTENT
1. INTRODUCTION
2. PLANNING PROCESS
3. SYSTEM COMPONENT
4. PUMPING STATION
5. DESIGN CONSIDERATION
6. DESIGN PROCEDURE
7. DESIGN TOOL
8. DESIGN ISSUE
9. CASE STUDIES

INTRODUCTION

THE MOST COMMON CAUSE OF NATURAL DISASTER WORLDWIDE - AND THE FASTEST GROWING
• The number of flooding occurences has

more than doubled since the year 2000
• 2016 was the 40th consecutive year of

above-average global temperatures
• The tendency for flooding caused by

extreme weather is expected to continue
• For the fourth consecutive year,

the costliest disaster scenario in 2016 was
flooding

SOURCES OF FLOODING

FLOODING EVENTS IN ASIAN CITIES Submerged and
destroyed houses at
the site where river
banks were broken
along Suemasa river in
Mabi town in
Kurashiki, Okayama
Prefecture, Japan –
13th July 2018
Flood in Kerala
India killed
420 people –
August 2018
A flooded Floods in Ninh Binh

village in Zoige Vietnam have killed
county, in the at least 19 people,
south-western causing more than
province of 15,000 houses to be
Sichuan, on damaged, swept
Friday - 20th away or submerged –
July 2018 19th July 2018
Stormwater pumping is generally used
only when gravity drainage is not
feasible
Storage in storm drains, wet wells or

ponds can reduce the pumping
capacity required to handle peak flow.
In some cases it is more economical to

pump than to construct gravity
conveyance system.

PLANNING PROCESS

Project Flowchart
SCHEMATIC PLANS
DETAILED
PLANNING SPECIFICATION & CONSTRUCTION O&M RETROFIT
DEVELOPMENT DESIGN
ESTIMATES

Project Flowchart

SYSTEM COMPONENT

Typical Pump Station Component
Gates to avoid backflow during high tides or high flood levels
1. Gates
at the receiving water bodies.
Side-spill weir is to prevent storm water from entering the

2. Side-spill weir
pump sump during normal period.
Attenuate the storm hydrograph peak to reduce the required

3. Sumps and storages
pumping rate, normally with debris removal system.
Pump selection and numbers depend on station layout,

required pump rate, wet well depth, and maintenance
4. Pumps and motors
considerations. The size of each motor depends on the pump
size, flow rate, pressure head, and duty cycle.
5. Power sources and Should have an on-site standby electrical generator and control
controls circuitry for automation of system operation
6. Discharge channels or Direct the pump flows into the receiving water bodies and
conduits should design to avoid any backflow into the pump sump.

Typical Layout
1
6
2 3 4
EXAMPLE MSMA II

Typical Layout
55. Power sources and

controls
3
3. Sumps and storages
4
4. Pumps and motors
2 2. Side-spill weir
6
6. Discharge channels or
conduits
1 1. Gates

KG BARU PUMP HOUSE
Pump station components
Electrical
equipment
Mechanical
equipment
PLC &
monitoring
system

Screens and conveyor system for trash removal
• Screen systems
• Conveyor belts

Screens system
• Bar screens for ensuring primary filtration flow

• Mechanical filters to remove large objects at the inflow
Drive shaft Drive unit

Apron
Rake chain
Main screen
Rake
Conveyor
Frame
Front screen

Conveyor system
• Transfer system for trash collected at the primary, mechanical filtration

• Horizontal and inclined conveyors supplied to cover the entire pump inflow channel

Roller gate
• Easy to open and close

• Simplicity of structure
• Various types of lifting device is
available

Stop log
• Easy to dismantle and install

• Relatively low cost
• Simplicity of structure

Back flow prevention – flap gate
• Installation at the end of outlets

• Purpose: To stop back flow more
efficiently
• To protect against any foreign
substances or animals

Valves
Butterfly valve Check valve
• Isolating or regulating flow • Prevention of counter flow

• Motorised/manual type • Type: Slow shutter/direct
shutter

Expansion joints
• Noise absorption
• Absorbing expansion and contraction of pipes
• Anti-vibration, earthquake movement and building
settlement
• Correcting or offsetting up and down transition or
eccentricity of pipes
• Also known as compensator, as they compensate for
the thermal movement

Switch gear and switchboards
• Local incoming panel

• Switch gear and
switchboard
• Motor starting panel
• Variable speed control (VFD)

Generator set
Standard
• Generator set
• Mounted radiator
• Industrial silencers
• Flexible connector
• Battery
• Spare filter (fuel, lubricating
oil)
Optional
• Mounted fuel tank
• Free-standing fuel tank
• Residential silencer
• Weather-proof canopy
• Sound-proof canopy
• Trailer type

Controller
Flood mitigation controls Dedicated controls
Description Flood mitigation controls Dedicated controls

Main product PLC CU362
Pump, Generator, Conveyor,
Pump
Operation range Automatic Trash remover, Butterfly valve
(Limited : only 6 pumps)
(Unlimited : All products related to pump station)
Dedicated controls, Grundfos
Operating device FMC, PC, Mobile phone, Tablet PC…
iSOLUTIONS CLOUD
Remote manual control √ X
Remote automatic control √ √
Customize display √ X
Radio Communication √ X
Apply Pump station control Small pump control

PUMPING STATION

Sump Type
• Main advantage – the availability of a dry

Wet-pit
area for personnel to perform routine and
emergency pump and pipe maintenance
• Most often used
• 60 % more expensive than wet-pit stations

Dry-pit
• Dry-pit stations are more appropriate for
handling sewage because of the potential
health hazards to maintenance personnel

AXIAL /MIXED SUBMERSIBLE
Pump Type FLOW PUMP PUMP
ARCHIMEDEAN
SCREW PUMP
GATE PUMP

Pump Type
Pump Types/Description
CENTRIFUGAL SUBMERSIBLE
❑ High head applications

❑ Efficiency depending on
flow and head (50-70%)
❑ The impellers can be
designed with large opening
to avoid clogging
AXIAL PROPELLER
❑ Low head
❑ High discharge
❑ High efficiency (>80%)
❑ Debris causes damage and
jam the propellers.

Pump Type
Pump Types/Description
MIXED-FLOW
❑ Combination of the above two
types and they are used for
intermediate head and discharge
applications
❑ Medium to high efficiency (70-80%)
❑ Handle debris slightly better than
propellers.
SCREW
❑ Slow Speed, Simple and Robust
design
❑ Can tolerate certain amount of
debris in pumping medium
❑ Low to medium efficiency (60-70%)
❑ Larger footprint, costlier

Number of pumps
Establish a load profile

• Q/H/time
• Ideal situation: operation as long as
possible close to best efficiency point
• Typical situation: duty/load profile is
constantly changing

Pump sump and intake design
Pump positions in the sump
should be as recommended
by the manufacturer
specification or even through
physical modeling if
recommended standards and
specifications cannot be met.
The primary function of the

intake structure is to supply
an even distribution of flow
to the pumps to avoid
reduced pump efficiency and
undesirable operational
characteristics.






Discharge layout

Discharge layout

DESIGN CONSIDERATION

Hydrology Assessment
The design standard and procedure to

derive the design flood hydrographs for
a stormwater pumping station should
be the same as for the major drainage
system.
Hydrologic design should be based on

the ultimate development of the area,
which must drain to the station.

Pump and storage sizing
Storage capacity usually required part of

station design to permit the use of
smaller more economical pumps
Comparing the inflow hydrograph to the

controlling pump discharge rate as
below gives an estimate of the required
storage volume. If storage is used to
reduce peak flow rates, a routing
procedure must be used to design
system.

Pumping Head
Hv Velocity Head
Hf Friction Losses
Ht Minor Losses
Hs Static Head
To ensure sufficient
head, it is important to
include the dynamic
head, velocity head

Static Head
hs
Hs Static Head hs

Friction Head / Friction Losses
hf Friction losses can be derived from :

•Nomogram for pressure drop in straight pipes
•Table of fitting head losses
•Hazen William Formula, Hf =
Hf Friction Loss 1.85
L V
6.78 x x 
D1.165 C
L : Straight Pipe Length in m
D : Pipe Diameter in m
V : Velocity ; 0.8 to 2.5 m/s
C : Co-efficient Factor;
90-140

Minor Losses
Ht Minor Loss
Losses trough the

fitting, valve etc.

Velocity Head
hv Velocity Head is used when

• When discharging to an open
canal where the water flows
over a weir
• Where the head contribution
Hv Velocity Head Hw from the increased water
level is created by the flow
velocity
2
H ≈ Hgeod + ( V ) + Hw
2g
Hw = 0.6 x ( Q ) 0.7 weir edge rounded
b
Hw = 0.8 x (Q )0.7 weir sharp edged
b

System Curve
The TDH must be determined for Head

Pump
sufficient number of points to
curve
draw the system head curve
where the system curve (Q vs
TDH) can be plotted. When System-head
overlaid with the pump curve
Friction
losses
performance curves provided by
manufacturer, it will yield the
pump operating points.
Pumps should be selected to Static

Static head + Friction
operate with the best efficiency at head
losses
the design operating point.
Flow

System Curve
Head (m)
The TDH must be determined for

sufficient number of points to LWL / Max static head
system-head curve
draw the system head curve
where the system curve (Q vs
HWL / Min static head
TDH) can be plotted. When
range
system-head curve
Head
overlaid with the pump
performance curves provided by
manufacturer, it will yield the
pump operating points. Max static
Pumps should be selected to Min static

operate with the best efficiency at
the design operating point.
Flow Flow(m3/h)
range
Net Positive Suction Head (NPSH)
NPSHA ≥ NPSHR + safety margin (in all duty points)

NPSH available
Full formula
NPSHav = Hatm – Hvapor + S - Hloss Site Dependent!
• Reference for NPSH is always pump inlet for KPL/KWM

• Hatm-Hvapor= 10,1m (at 20C and sea level)
• Inlet losses included in performance curve
Simplified
NPSHav = 10 + S
Assuming 20℃ and sea level NPSHref

NPSH required
NPSHA ≥ NPSHR + safety margin Pump Dependent!

Remember to consider the full duty range!

DESIGN PROCEDURE

Design Flowchart

Sump dimensioning

TDH - Defining Levels

TDH - Losses from fittings

TDH – summation of all losses

Pump selection

System curve
Site
Dependent! Pump curve
NPSH curve
Npsh
LWL
Head
HWL

Flow
Verify Power Requirement
Flow Rate (m3/s)
Head (m)
Gravity (m/s2)
Power = H x Q x g
η Efficiency
Head (m)
H (m)
Volume (m)
Q (m3/s)
Pump η Flow Rate (m3/s)

Efficiency
520
Flow range
Check NPSH

Check pump start/stop level
PUMP STOP!

Check Operation Sequence
Elevation Position P1 P2 P3 P4 P5 P6
13.4 H.W.L
11.5 W.L 4 RUN
10.5 W.L 3 RUN RUN
9.5 W.L 2 RUN RUN
8.5 W.L 1 RUN
8.0 M.W.L
6.5 Sump bottom
Elevation Position P1 P2 P3 P4 P5 P6
13.4 H.W.L
11.5 W.L 4
10.5 W.L 3
9.5 W.L 2
8.5 W.L 1
8.0 M.W.L
6.5 Sump bottom stop

Typical Operation Sequence
STEP1 STEP 2 STEP 3
LOCAL COMMERCIAL POWER ALARM ACTIVATE MAIN GENERATOR OPERATION
for [PLC panel / Sensors / Light / When ultrasonic sensor detect by P/S staff manually
Computer / General usage] the W/L and gives signal to PLC
STEP 6 STEP 5 STEP 4

HORIZONTAL CONVEYOR 2 INCLINED CONVEYOR 1 ALL GATE CLOSE
PLC gives signal when M/G is
under operation.
STEP 7 STEP 8 STEP 9

HORIZONTAL CONVEYOR 1 SCREEN ACTIVATE PUMP OPERATION
BASE ON PUMP OPERATION BASE ON SPECIFIED SEQUENCE

7. DESIGN TOOL

A PARAMETRIC MODELLING

DESIGN TEMPLATE
• Creates parameters for any engineering purpose(Length, Area, Mass, Angle, Temperature, etc.)
• Easily creates formulas
• Defines mathematical Laws

DESIGN TEMPLATE
Design Drawings
parameters
Design Drawings
parameters
Design Drawings
parameters

DESIGN TEMPLATE

PUMP STATION DESIGN

PUMP STATION DESIGN

PUMP STATION DESIGN

PUMP STATION DESIGN

B COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMIC ANALYSIS (CFD)

Solving problems before they happen
We apply advanced solution tools for designing and

validating flood control system designs
Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations.
Worldwide test facilities geared to the precise

applications for which our pump systems are
manufactured

PRE-WHIRL ANGLE

UNEVEN VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION

WHIRLPOOLS

AIR ENTRAPMENT AND SURFACE BUBBLES

LOCAL DEPOSITION

PUMP STATION DESIGN

C FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS (FEA)

STRUCTURE ANALYSIS

WEAK POINTS IN STRUCTURE

KEY STRESS-POINTS

KEY STRESS-POINTS

8. TYPICAL DESIGN ISSUE

1. Incorrect sump design
Not adhering
to ANSI/HI
design
guideline.

2. Incorrect pump positioning
Can happen in
retrofit cases.
Pump
performance
will drop due
to non-
uniform flow
condition i.e
high swirl
angle, high
velocity
variation,
vortex
formation

3. Incorrect pump selection
Levels not
properly
defined. LLWL
Pump can
cavitate and
vibrate at
HHWL and
LLWL
HHWL

4. Insufficient submergence
Create vortices
and air
entrapment.
Loss pump
performance.

5. NPSHA < NPSHR
LWL
Check NPSHA
and compare HWL
against NPSHR
from pump
curve at LWL
and HWL range!
Insufficient
NPSH can cause
pump
cavitation.

6. Insufficient motor kW rating
LWL
Pay attention
to power HWL
requirement
at LWL!
Take note of
power curve
for propeller
pump.

7. Inadequate screening before pump sump
Clogged pumps are

as good as no
pump!
Pump will overload

and trip during
prolonged
clogging.
Sometimes may
need 2-stage
screening i.e
coarse and fine
screens

CASE STORIES

MMDA Manila, Phillipines

Introduction
✓ Project location: Manila in the Philippines ✓ Scope: All new KPL pumps, Generators,
✓ Project period: 2012Y ~ 2015Y Panels, Valves, columns, Auto-trash
✓ Project type: Design and Build screens, Conveyors.
(Refurbishment project) ✓ Installation works.
✓ Number of PS: 2 (Binondo PS & Quiapo PS) ✓ Quiapo PS : 53% pump capacity increased.
✓ Age of pumping station: 30 years ✓ Binondo PS : 25% pump capacity increased.
✓ Project requirement: 25% pump capacity ✓ Grundfos Remote Management supplied.
increase and a computerized control
system

New vs Existing
Advantages of
submersible pumps
• No loss of power through
Transmissions.
• Close coupled compact

pump/motor.
• Faster repair times.
• Submersible Pumps is
standard.
• Far less moving parts.

Total Solution
Conveyor
Monitoring Auto Trash

system Remover
Control panel
Generator
Pipes &
Valves
Submersible
Axial Flow
pump
Stop log

Before & After
1. Engine driven vertical pump 1. Submersible axial flow pump - KPL
2. Old emergency generator set 2. New Emergency generator set

Before & After
3. Old low voltage panel & switch gear 3. New low voltage panel & switch gear
4. Old steel screen & conveyor system 4. New Stainless steel screen & conveyor system

Project Documentation

Inauguration Ceremony, July 2015
Quiapo PS Binondo PS

CNN Coverage

Sponge City, China – Gate Pump

Overview
Sponge City, China

Black and Odorous Water
Sponge City, China

Pump Station
Pump gate system of

GuangmingPort No. 2 branch
Pump gate system of
Luzhuang River
Pump gate system of
Dongxi River
Pump gate system of Chating
River
Pump gate system of
Fangqin River
Sponge City, China

Pumping Philosophy
Outer river Inner river
Outer river Inner river

Key Components

Chating River Pump Station
Sponge City, China

Q&A
THANK YOU!

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FLOOD CONTROL APPLICATION

COURSE CATEGORY: WASTEWATER TRANSPORT

21-05-2020 NAME Confidential 1

21-05-2020 NAME Confidential 2

21-05-2020 NAME Confidential 3

21-05-2020 NAME Confidential 4

21-05-2020 NAME Confidential 5

• The number of flooding occurences has

• 2016 was the 40th consecutive year of

• The tendency for flooding caused by

• For the fourth consecutive year,

21-05-2020 NAME Confidential 6

21-05-2020 NAME Confidential 7

A flooded Floods in Ninh Binh

Storage in storm drains, wet wells or

In some cases it is more economical to

21-05-2020 NAME Confidential 9

21-05-2020 NAME Confidential 10

21-05-2020 NAME Confidential 11

21-05-2020 NAME Confidential 12

21-05-2020 NAME Confidential 13

Side-spill weir is to prevent storm water from entering the

Attenuate the storm hydrograph peak to reduce the required

Pump selection and numbers depend on station layout,

21-05-2020 NAME Confidential 14

21-05-2020 NAME Confidential 15

55. Power sources and

21-05-2020 NAME Confidential 16

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• Bar screens for ensuring primary filtration flow

Drive shaft Drive unit

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• Transfer system for trash collected at the primary, mechanical filtration

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• Easy to open and close

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• Easy to dismantle and install

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• Installation at the end of outlets

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Butterfly valve Check valve

• Isolating or regulating flow • Prevention of counter flow

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• Local incoming panel

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Flood mitigation controls Dedicated controls

Description Flood mitigation controls Dedicated controls

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• Main advantage – the availability of a dry

• Most often used

• 60 % more expensive than wet-pit stations

21-05-2020 NAME Confidential 30

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❑ High head applications

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