ADMINISTRATION

AND EMERGENCY
BUILDING
COMPUTATIONS
DESIGN OF ROOF
TRUSS & WIND
LOADS
A. Wind Load Analysis

Wind Load Analysis of Proposed Three Storey Administration and Emergency

Building (based on NSCP 2015)

Using Table 207B.2-1, NSCP 2015, Determining MWFRS Wind Loads for

Enclosed Building

Occupancy Category:

Category III- Standard Occupancy Structures (Table 103-1, NSCP 2015)

Basic Wind Speed:

Location: Laguna, V = 250 kilometers per hour (Figure 207A.5-1A, NSCP 2015)

Exposure Category:

Exposure C: Exposure C shall apply for all cases where Exposures B or D do not

apply. (Section 207A.7.3, NSCP 2015)

Mean roof height = 10 meters

Topographic Factor:

Kzt = 1.0, site conditions and locations do not meet all the conditions specified in

the Wind Speed-Up over Hills, Ridges and Escarpments (Section 207A.8.2, NSCP

2015)

Wind Directionality Factor:

Kd = 0.85, for Main Wind Force Resisting System (Table 207A.6-1, NSCP 2015)
 Enclosure Classification:

Building Enclosed (Section 207A.10, NSCP 2015)

Gust Effect Factor:

G = 0.85, permitted value of gust effect factor for a rigid building or other

structure (Section 207A.9.1, NSCP 2015)

Internal Pressure Coefficient:

GCpi = ±0.18, for enclosed buildings (Table 207A.11-1, NSCP 2015)

Velocity Pressure Exposure Coefficient:

At roof mean height z= 10m (roof level):

. .
(Interpolation) = .
Kz = 1

Velocity Pressure:

qz = 0.613KzKztKdV2 (N/m2); V in m/s (Equation 207B.3-1, NSCP 2015)

At roof mean height, z= 10m:

×
qz = 0.613(1.0) (1.0) (0.85) ( )2 qz = 2512.779707 N/m2

External Pressure Coefficient:

Roof Pressure Coefficient:

= tan-1( ) = 10.30484647°
 ≥ 10

h/L = 10/20 = 0.5

Windward (Results of Interpolation)

Angle, ( )

h/L 10 10.30484647 15

-0.9 -0.8878061412 -0.7

0.5
-0.18 -0.18 -0.18

Values of Cp for h/L= 0.5 and = 10.30484647°

Cp= -0.8878061412

Cp= -0.18

Leeward (Results of Interpolation)

Angle, ( )

h/L 10 10.30484647 15

0.5 -0.5 -0.5 -0.5

Values of Cp for h/L= 0.5 and = 10.30484647°

Cp= -0.5
Roof Overhang Pressure Coefficient:

The positive external pressure on the bottom surface of windward roof overhangs

shall be determined using Cp=0.8 in combination with top surface pressures

determined in Figure 207B.4-1, NSCP 2015.

Wind Pressure:

p = qGCp – qi (GCpi) (N/m2) (Equation 207B.4-1, NSCP 2015)

Roof

Windward:

 At z= 10m (roof mean height): Cp= -0.8878061412 and GCpi = +0.18

p= (2512.779707 N/m2) (0.85)(-0.8878061412) - (2512.779707 N/m2) (0.18)

p= -2348.532414 N/m2

 At z = 10 m (roof mean height): Cp= -0.8878061412 and GCpi = -0.18

p= (2512.779707 N/m2) (0.85)(-0.8878061412) - (2512.779707 N/m2) (-0.18)

p= -1443.93172 N/m2

 At z = 10 m (roof mean height): Cp = -0.18 and GCpi = +0.18

p= (2512.779707 N/m2) (0.85) (-0.18) – (2512.779707 N/m2) (0.18)

p= -836.7556424 N/m2

 At z = 10 m (roof mean height): Cp = -0.18 and GCpi = -0.18

 p= (2512.779707 N/m2) (0.85) (-0.18) – (2512.779707 N/m2) (-0.18)

p = 67.84505209N/m2

Leeward:

 At z= 10 m (roof mean height): Cp= -0.5 and GCpi = +0.18

p= (2512.779707 N/m2) (0.85) (-0.5) - (2512.779707 N/m2) (0.18)

p= -1520.231723 N/m2

 At z= 10 m (roof mean height): Cp= -0.5 and GCpi = -0.18

p= (2512.779707 N/m2) (0.85) (-0.5) - (2512.779707 N/m2) (-0.18)

p= -615.6310282 N/m2

Roof Overhang

Windward

 At z= 10 m (roof mean height): Cp= 0.8 and GCpi = +0.18

p= (2512.779707 N/m2) (0.85)(0.8) - (2512.779707 N/m2) (0.18)

p= 1256.389854 N/m2

Final Wind Loads to be used:

Roof

 At z = 10 m

Windward, p= -2348.532414 N/m2

 Leeward, p= -1520.231723 N/m2

Roof Overhangs

 At z = 10m

Windward, p = 1256.389854 N/m2

LOADS TO BE USED FOR LOAD COMBINATIONS:

1. DEAD LOADS

To be carried by purlins:

 Aluminum Corrugated Sheeting = 0.1 kPa (from NSCP 2015 Table 204-2)

 Purlins Self Weight

To be carried by truss:

 Bracing = 0.015 kPa

 Ceiling = 0.1 kPa

 Truss Self Weight

2. LIVE LOADS

Minimum Roof Live Loads (Table 205-3, NSCP 2015)

Rise/Run= 2/11 = 0.1818×100% = 18.18 %

Tributary area (m2) = 2 m × 11 m = 22 m2 (between 20 to 60)

 Flat or Rise less than 1-unit vertical in 3-unit horizontal (33.33%)

Uniform Load in KPa = 0.6 kPa

3. WIND LOADS

Use:

Windward, p= -2348.532414 N/m2 = -2.348532414 kN/m2

Leeward, p= -1520.231723 N/m2 = -1.520231723 kN/m2

Roof Overhang: Windward, p = 1256.389854 N/m2 = 1.256389854 kN/m2

DESIGN OF PURLINS

Spacing of Truss = 3 m (maximum)

Purlin Spacing = 1 m

= tan-1( ) = 10.30484647°

Fy = 248 MPa

Roof Live Load = 0.6 kPa

Roof Dead Load = 0.1 kPa

 Try C 4 x 7 for purlins (ASEP Steel Handbook)

Properties C4x7

Weight (kg/m) 10.8

Sx (103 mm3) 37.5

Sy (103 mm3) 5.6

rx (mm) 37.29

ry (mm) 11.41

Weight= 10.8 kg/m (9.81x10-3m/s2) = 0.105948 kPa

Sx = 37500 mm3 = 37.5 x 10-6 m3

Sy = 5600 mm3 = 5.6 x10-6 m3

Determining the load that each purlin will carry:

Roof LL= Live Load (Purlin spacing)

= 0.60 kPa (1.0 m)

= 0.60 kN/m

Roof DL = Dead Load (Purlin Spacing)

= 0.1 kPa (1.0 m)

= 0.1 kN/m

Net Wind Load = Wind Load (Purlin spacing)

= -2.348532414 kPa (1.0m)

 = -2.348532414 kN/m

Purlin Weight = 0.105948 kN/m

Load Combination (Wu) = 1.2 DL + 1.6 LL

= 1.2 (0.105948 kN/m + 0.1 kN/m) + 1.6 (0.60 kN/m)

= 1.2071376 kN/m

Wx = 0.5WL + Wu (cos ) = 0.5(-2.348532414 kN/m) + 1.2071376 kN/m cos

(10.30484647°)

Wx = 0.01340015499 kN/m

Wy= Wu (sin )= 1.2071376 kN/m sin10.30484647°

Wy= 0.2159393386 kN/m

( . )( )
Mx= = = 0.1079696693 kN-m

( . )( )
My= = = 0.06073293898 kN-m

.
fbx = = .
= 2879.191181 kN/m2 = 2.879191181 MPa

.
fby = = .
= 10845.16769=8 kN/m2 = 10.84516768 MPa

Since Fbx = 0.66 (248 MPa ) = 163.68 MPa

Fby = 0.75 (248 MPa ) = 186 MPa

 + ≤ 1.0

2.879191181 MPa 10.84516768 MPa

+ ≤ 1.0
163.68 MPa 186 MPa

0.08173685386 < 1.0 SAFE!

Therefore, use C4x7 Purlins for the Dormitory.

LOADS TO BE CARRIED BY PURLINS:

DEAD LOAD

 Aluminum Corrugated Sheeting = 0.1 kPa (from NSCP 2015 Table 204-2)

Purlins at each Joints = 0.1 kPa (3 m)(1.0 m) = 0.3 kN

 Purlins Self Weight = 0.105948 kN/m (bay distance)

= 0.105948 kN/m (3 m)

= 0.3178 kN (at each purlin)

Total Dead Loads at each purlin:

Purlins at each Joints = 0.3 kN + 0.3178 kN = 0.6178 kN

Live Load

 Minimum Roof Live Load = 0.60 kPa (purlin spacing) (bay distance)

= 0.60 kPa (1m) (3m)

= 1.80 kN
LIVE LOAD

 Minimum Roof Live Load:

Purlins at each Joints = 0.60 kPa (1.0 m) (3 m) = 1.80 kN

Windward, p = -2348.532414 N/m2 = -2.3485322414 kN/m2

Leeward, p = -1520.231723 N/m2 = -1.520231723 kN/m2

Overhang, p = 1256.389854 N/m2 = 1.256389854 kN/m2

Windward Side:

 Wind load= -2.3485322414 kPa (perpendicular to roof slope)

(y component) = -2.3485322414 kPa (cos 10.30484647°) = -2.310650205 kPa

(x component) = -2.3485322414 kPa (sin 10.30484647°) = -0.4201182192 kPa

-2.310650205 kPa (purlin spacing) (bay distance)

-2.310650205 kPa (1m) (3m) = -6.931950615 kN

-0.4201182192 kPa (purlin spacing) (bay distance)

-0.4201182192 kPa (1m) (3m) = -1.260354658 Kn

Leeward Side:

Wind load= -1.520231723 kPa (perpendicular to roof slope)

(y component) = -1.520231723 kPa (cos 10.30484647°) = -1.495710249 kPa

(x component) = -1.520231723 kPa (sin 10.30484647°) = -0.271947318 kPa

 -1.495710249 kPa (purlin spacing) (bay distance)

-1.495710249 kPa (1m) (3m) = -4.487130747 kN

-0.271947318 kPa (purlin spacing) (bay distance)

-0.271947318 kPa (1m) (3m) = -0.815841954 kN

For Roof Overhangs:

p= 1.256389854 kN/m2 (distance between vertical members)(bay distance)

p= 1.256389854 kN/m2 (1m)(3m)

p= 3.769169562 kN

FACTORED LOADS

Loads at Purlins

Windward Side: (y component)

1.2 DL + 1.6 LL + 0.5WL

1.2 (0.6178 kN) + 1.6 (2.25 kN) + 0.5 (-6.931950615 kN)

= 0.8753846925 kN

Purlin at A = 0.8753846925 kN

Purlin at B = 0.8753846925 kN

Purlin at D = 0.8753846925 kN
 Purlin at F = 0.8753846925 kN

Purlin at H = 0.8753846925 kN

Purlin at J = 0.8753846925 kN

Purlin at L = 0.8753846925 kN

Purlin at N = 0.8753846925 kN

Purlin at P = 0.8753846925 kN

Purlin at R = 0.8753846925 kN

Purlin at T = 0.8753846925 kN

Purlin at V (Windward) = 0.8753846925 kN

Leeward Side: (y component)

1.2 DL + 1.6 LL + 0.5WL

1.2 (0.6178 kN) + 1.6 (2.25 kN) + 0.5 (-4.487130747 kN)

= 2.097794627 kN

Purlin at V (Leeward) = 2.097794627 kN

Purlin at X = 2.097794627 kN

Purlin at Z = 2.097794627 kN

Purlin at 2 = 2.097794627 kN
 Purlin at 4 = 2.097794627 kN

Purlin at 6 = 2.097794627 kN

Purlin at 8 = 2.097794627 kN

Purlin at 10 = 2.097794627 kN

Purlin at 12 = 2.097794627 kN

Purlin at 14 = 2.097794627 kN

Purlin at 16 = 2.097794627 kN

Purlin at 18 = 2.097794627 kN

Windward Side: (x component)

0.5 WL = 0.5(-1.260354658 kN)

Purlin at A = -0.630177329 kN

Purlin at B = -0.630177329 kN

Purlin at D = -0.630177329 kN

Purlin at F = -0.630177329 kN

Purlin at H = -0.630177329 kN

Purlin at J = -0.630177329 kN

Purlin at L = -0.630177329 kN
 Purlin at N = -0.6301773292 kN

Purlin at P = -0.630177329 kN

Purlin at R = -0.630177329 kN

Purlin at T = -0.630177329 kN

Purlin at V (Windward) = -0.630177329 kN

(x component)

0.5 WL = 0.5(-0.815841954 kN)

Purlin at V (Leeward) = -0.40770977 kN

Purlin at X = -0.40770977 kN

Purlin at Z = -0. 40770977 kN

Purlin at 2 = -0.169835007 kN

Purlin at 4 = -0.169835007 kN

Purlin at 6 = -0.169835007 kN

Purlin at 8 = -0.169835007 kN

Purlin at 10 = -0.169835007 kN

Purlin at 12 = -0.169835007 kN

Purlin at 14 = -0.169835007 kN
 Purlin at 16 = -0.169835007 kN

Purlin at 18 = -0.169835007 kN

LOADS TO BE CARRIED BY THE TRUSS:

 Bracing = 0.015 kPa

 Ceiling = 0.1 kPa

Total: 0.115 kPa

At each Joint = 0.115 (3 m) (1.0 m) = 0.345 kN

 Truss - try 75x50x6 (top and bottom chord) = 5.85 kg/m (9.81 x10-3m/s2) =

0.0573885 kN/m

 Truss - try 65x65x5 (web members) = 4.97 kg/m (9.81x10-3 m/s2) = 0.0497557

kN/m

Total Length of Members

 Bottom Chord = 22 m

 Top Chord = 22.36 m

 Vertical Web Members:

2(1.82m + 1.64m + 1.45m + 1.27m + 1.09m + 0.91m + 0.73m + 0.55m +

0.36m + 0.18m) + 2 m = 22 m

 Diagonal web members:

2 (2.08m + 1.92m + 1.77m + 1.62m + 1.48m + 1.35m + 1.24m + 1.14m +

1.06m + 1.02m ) = 29.36 m

 Total Length = 44.36m (Top and Bottom chord) + 51.36m (Web members)

Total Length = 95.72 m

Truss Weight:

0.0573885 kN/m (44.36 m) + 0.0497557 kN/m (51.36 m) = 5.101206612 kN

Total = 0.345 kN + 5.101206612 kN = 5.446206612 Kn

FACTORED LOADS

Loads at Truss

1.2 DL

= 1.2 (5.446206612 kN)

= 6.535447934 kN

Roof Overhang

= 0.5WL

= 3.769169562 kN (0.5)

= 1.884584781 kN
METHOD OF JOINTS

Getting the reactions at supports and forces in each member through STAAD Pro V8i SS6:

RCy = 35.797 kN

R17y = 35.797 kN

SUMMARY OF FORCES IN EACH MEMBER:

Top Chord: Bottom Chord:

A-B = 12.244 kN (C) A-C = 12.514 kN (T)
B-D = 89.318 kN (C) C-E = 144.289 kN (C)
D-F = 188.770 kN (C) E-G = 17.350 kN (C)
F-H = 201.087 kN (C) G-I = 27.540 kN (T)
H-J = 202.560 kN (C) I-K = 39.227 kN (T)
J-L = 198.167 kN (C) K-M = 40.294 kN (T)
L-N = 190.484 kN (C) M-O = 35.544 kN (T)
N-P = 180.708 kN (C) O-Q = 27.569 kN (T)
P-R = 169.562 kN (C) Q-S = 17.532 kN (T)
R-T = 157.323 kN (C) S-U = 6.153 kN (T)
T-V = 144.582 kN (C) U-W = 6.321 kN (C)
V-X = 144.798 kN (C) W-Y = 7.429 kN (C)
X-Z = 156.599 kN (C) Y-1 = 3.941 kN (T)
Z-2 = 167.863 kN (C) 1-3 = 14.228 kN (T)
2-4 = 178.050 kN (C) 3-5 = 23.201 kN (T)
4-6 = 186.892 kN (C) 5-7 = 30.147 kN (T)
6-8 = 193.680 kN (C) 7-9 = 33.928 kN (T)
8-10 = 197.238 kN (C) 9-11 = 32.000 kN (T)
10-12 = 195.038 kN (C) 11-13 = 19.657 kN (T)
12-14 = 182.206 kN (C) 13-15 = 25.296 kN (C)
14-16 = 139.912 kN (C) 15-17 = 150.279 kN (C)
16-18 = 8.148 kN (C) 17-18 = 8.422 kN (T)

For Top Chord and Bottom Chord:

Maximum Force for Tension Member = 40.294 kN @ K-M

Maximum Force for Compression Member = 202.560 kN @ H-J

Vertical Web Members: Diagonal Web Members:

B-C = 57.046 kN (C) B-E = 128.996 kN (T)

D-E = 26.098 kN (C) D-G = 47.764 kN (T)
F-G = 14.654 kN (C) F-I = 13.331 kN (T)
H-I = 5.946 kN (C) H-K = 1.201 kN (C)
J-K = 0.909 kN (C) J-M = 6.451 kN (C)
L-M = 5.028 kN (T) L-O = 11.827 kN (C)
N-O = 9.451 kN (T) N-Q = 16.246 kN (C)
P-Q = 13.503 kN (T) P-S = 20.084 kN (C)
R-S = 17.440 kN (T) R-U = 23.922 kN (C)
T-U = 20.734 kN (T) T-W = 26.396 kN (C)
V-W = 46.113 kN (T) X-W = 24.096 kN (C)
X-Y = 18.931 kN (T) Z-Y = 21.805 kN (C)
Z-1 = 15.851 kN (T) 2-1 = 18.158 kN (C)
2-3 = 12.147 kN (T) 4-3 = 14.523 kN (C)
4-5 = 8.329 kN (T) 6-5 = 10.318 kN (C)
6-7 = 4.147 kN (T) 8-7 = 5.142 kN (C)
8-9 = 0.697 kN (C) 10-9 = 2.384 kN (T)
10-11 = 6.302 kN (C) 12-11 = 14.077 kN (T)
12-13 = 14.691 kN (C) 14-13 = 47.831 kN (T)
14-15 = 25.721 kN (C) 16-15 = 127.008 kN (T)
16-17 = 54.718 kN (C)

For Web Members:

Maximum Force for Tension Member = 128.996 kN @ B-E

Maximum Force for Compression Member = 57.046 kN @ B-C

COMPUTATION OF ALLOWABLE LOADS

Using L65x50x10 (Top and Bottom Chord):

Properties:

Mass (kg/m) = 8.27 I (x103 mm4) = 416.6

Area (mm2) = 1033.83 S (x10 mm3) = 9.7

Depth (mm) = 65 r (mm) =19.88

Width (mm) = 50 x or y (mm) = 14.45

Thickness (mm) = 10

Check for slenderness ratio:

0.5(2 )(1000 )
= = 50.30181087
19.88

2 2 (200 10 )
= = = 126.1693971
248 10

<

Allowable Compressive Stress

Since < ,Fa:

Fa = [1- ( ) )( )]

5 3 1
= + −
3 8 8

. .
= + − ( ) = 1.808252095
. .

.
Fa = [1- ( .
) )( .
)] = 126.2491341 MPa

=
126.2491341 MPa =
. ( ) ( )

P= 261.0402846 kN

Largest Force for Compression Member (Top and Bottom Chords): 202.560 kN

202.560 kN < 261.0402846 kN Therefore, SAFE!

Allowable Tensile Stress = 0.6 Fy = 0.6 (248 MPa) = 148.8 MPa

Allowable load Fa=

P= Fa (A)

P= (148.8 MPa) (1033.83 mm2) ( ) (2)

P= 307.668 kN

Largest Force for Tension Member (Top and Bottom Chords): 128.996 kN

128.996 kN < 307.668 kN Therefore, SAFE!

COMPUTATION OF ALLOWABLE LOADS

Using L50x50x10 (vertical and diagonal web):

Properties:

Mass (kg/m) = 7.11 I (x103 mm4) = 193.80

Area (mm2) = 905.26 S (x10 mm3) = 5.69

Depth (mm) = 50 r (mm) =14.62

Width (mm) = 50 x or y (mm) = 15.98

Thickness (mm) = 10

Check for slenderness ratio:

0.5(2.08 )(1000 )
= = 71.13543092
14.62

2 2 (200 10 )
= = = 126.1693971
248 10

Allowable Compressive Stress

Since < ,

Fa = [1- ( ) )( )]

5 3 1
= + −
3 8 8

. .
= + − ( ) = 1.851696326
. .

.
Fa = [1- ( .
) )( .
)] = 112.6441825 MPa

112.6441825MPa =
. ( ) ( )

P= 203.945 kN

Largest Force for Compression Member (Vertical and Diagonal Web Members): 57.046

kN
57.046 kN < 203.945 kN Therefore, SAFE!

Allowable Tensile Stress = 0.6 Fy = 0.6 (248 MPa) = 148.8 MPa

Allowable load

Fa=

P= Fa(A)

P= (148.8 MPa) 905.26 ( )

P= 134.703 kN

Largest Force for Tension Member (Vertical and Diagonal Web Members): 128.996 kN

128.996 kN < 134.703 kN Therefore, SAFE!

Final Dimensions of Materials to be used for Roof Truss:

Purlins: C4x7

Top and Bottom Chords: L2-65x50x10

Vertical and diagonal Web Members: L50x50x10

SEISMIC LOADS
 SEISMIC LOADS

IMPORTANT PARAMETERS:

A. Occupancy Category:

Standard Occupancy Structures – Category III (Table 103-1, NSCP 2015)

B. Seismic Importance Factor:

I = 1.00 for Standard Occupancy Structures (Table 208-1, NSCP 2015)

C. Soil Profile Type:

SD, Stiff Soil Profile (as based from subsurface investigation of nearby structure)

(Table 208-2, NSCP 2015)

D. Seismic Zone:

Zone 4, Z = 0.40 (Table 208-3, NSCP 2015)

E. Seismic Source Type:

Between A or B (as based from subsurface investigation of nearby structure)

(Table 208-4, NSCP 2015)

Use A.

F. Near Source Factor, Na:

 Nearest Active Fault: West Valley Fault, Distance: 4.1km km (based from

subsurface investigation of nearby structure)

Na = 1.2 (Table 208-5, NSCP 2015)

G. Near Source Factor, Nv:

Nv = 1.6 (Table 208-6, NSCP 2015)

H. Seismic Coefficient, Ca:

Ca = 0.44 Na (Table 208-7, NSCP 2015)

Ca = 0.44 (1.2) = 0.528

I. Seismic Coefficient, Cv:

Cv = 0.64 Nv (Table 208-8, NSCP 2015)

Cv = 0.64 (1.6) = 1.024

J. Structural Irregularity:

Regular Structure

K. Structural System Coefficient, R:

R = 8.5, Special Reinforced Concrete Moment Frames (Table 208-11A, NSCP

2015)

For concrete moment frames, they shall be special moment-resisting frames for

those under Seismic Zone 4. (Section 208.7.2.5, NSCP 2015)

CALCULATIONS:

A. Structure Period:

T = Ct (hn)3/4

Ct = 0.0731 for reinforced concrete moment-resisting frames

hn = 11 m

T = (0.0731) (11)3/4

T = 0.4415317014 secs < 0.70 sec therefore Ft = 0

B. Total Design Base Shear:

For Actual Base Shear,

V=

( . )( . )
V=( . )( . )
(24683.608 kN)

V = 6734.847727 kN

For Maximum Base Shear,

.
V=

( . )( . )( . )
V= .
(24683.608 kN)

V = 3833.219125 kN

For Minimum Base Shear,

 V = 0.11Ca IW

V = (0.11)(0.528)(1.0)(24683.608 kN)

V = 1433.623953 kN

For Minimum Base Shear,

.
V=

( . )( . )( . )( . )
V= (24683.608 kN)
.

V = 1486.824388 kN

3833.219125 kN < 6734.847727 kN > 1433.623953 kN and 1486.824388 kN

Therefore, use V = 3833.219125 kN (maximum)

C. Vertical Distribution Force:

T = 0.4415317014 < 0.7

Ft = 0

( )
Fi = ∑

At Level 4,

( . )( . )
Fi =
.

Fi = 2609.04379 kN

At Level 3,
 ( . )( . )
Fi = .

Fi = 1447.376529 kN

At Level 2,

( . )( . )
Fi = .

Fi = 333.8373385 kN

At Level 1,

( . )( . )
Fi =
.

Fi = 25.96850764 kN

Fi + Ft:

Level 4: 2609.04379 kN + 0 = 2609.04379 kN

Level 3: 1447.376529 kN + 0 = 1447.376529 kN

Level 2: 333.8373385kN + 0 = 333.8373385 kN

Level 1: 25.96850764 kN + 0 = 25.96850764 kN

D. Storey Shear:

V = Ft + ∑

Vx:

Level 4: 2609.04379 kN
 Level 3: 2609.04379 kN + 1447.376529 kN = 4056.420319 kN

Level 2: 4056.420319 kN + 333.8373385 kN = 4390.257658 kN

Level 1: 4390.257658 kN + 25.96850764 kN = 4416.226165 kN

E. Overturning Moment:

Mx = Ft (hn - hx) + ∑ ( hi – hx)

Level 4:

Mx = 0 + 2609.04379 kN (9m - 6m)

Mx = 7827.13137 kN - m

Level 3:

Mx = 0 + 2609.04379 kN (9m - 3m) + 1447.376677 kN (6m - 3m)

Mx = 19,996.39277 kN-m

Level 2:

Mx = 0 + 2609.04379 kN (9m - 2m) + 1447.376677 kN (6m - 2m) +

333.8373385 kN (3m – 2m)

Mx = 24,386.65058 kN-m

Level 1:

Mx = 0 + 2609.04379 kN (9m) + 1447.376677 kN (6m) + 333.8373385 kN (3m)

+ 25.96850764 kN (2m)
 Mx = 33,219.1032

TABULATION:

Level hx Wx (kN) Wxhx Fi+Ft Vx Mx

(m)
(kN-m) (kN) (kN) (kN-m)

4 9 10073.745 90663.705 2609.04379 2609.04379 7827.13137

3 6 8382.67 50296.02 1447.376529 4056.420319 19,996.39277

2 3 3866.925 11600.775 333.8373385 4390.257658 24,386.65058

1 2 451.2 902.4 25.96850764 4416.226165 33,219.1032

Σ 22774.54 153462.9 4416.226165 15471.94793 85429.22779

STOREY DRIFT

TOTAL WEIGHT COMPUTATION:

Level 4 - Third Floor Level:

 Slab Dead Load = Area of slab x Thickness x No. of slab x Unit Weight of

concrete

Slab Dead Load = (40m x 20m)(0.12m)(23.5 kN/m3) = 2256 kN

 Beam Dead Load = Area of beam x Length of beam x Unit Weight of concrete

Beam Dead Load = (0.3m x 0.4m)(440m)(23.5 kN/m3) = 1240.8 kN

  Column Dead Load = Area of column x Height x No. of column x Unit Weight of

concrete

Column Dead Load = (0.4m x 0.4m)(3m)(60)(23.5 kN/m3) = 992.64 kN

 Wall Dead Load = Total Length x Height x Thickness x Unit Weight of Wall

W1 = (120m) (3m) (0.2m) (21.2 kN/m3) = 1526.4 kN

W2 = (120.45m) (3m) (0.1m) (21.2 kN/m3) = 1532.124 kN

Total: 3058.524 kN

Total Dead Load (Third Floor) = (Slab + Beam + Column + Wall) = 7547.964 kN

Level 3-Second Floor Level:

 Slab Dead Load = Area of slab x Thickness x No. of slab x Unit Weight of

concrete

Slab Dead Load = (40m x 20m)(0.12m)(23.5 kN/m3) = 2256 kN

 Beam Dead Load = Area of beam x Length of beam x Unit Weight of concrete

Beam Dead Load = (0.3m x 0.4m)(446m)(23.5 kN/m3) = 1257.72kN

 Column Dead Load = Area of column x Height x No. of column x Unit Weight of
concrete

Column Dead Load = (0.4m x 0.4m)(3m)(60)(23.5 kN/m3) = 992.64 kN

 Wall Dead Load = Total Length x Height x Thickness x Unit Weight of Wall
W1 = (120m) (3m) (0.2m) (21.2 kN/m3) = 1526.4 kN

W2 = (217.92m) (3m) (0.1m) (21.2 kN/m3) = 1385.9712 kN

Total: 2912.3712 kN
Total Dead Load (Second Floor) = (Slab + Beam + Column + Wall) = 7418.7312 kN

Level 2 - First Floor Level:

 Slab Dead Load = Area of slab x Thickness x No. of slab x Unit Weight of

concrete

Slab Dead Load = (40m x 20m)(0.12m)(23.5 kN/m3) = 2256 kN

 Beam Dead Load = Area of beam x Length of beam x Unit Weight of concrete

Beam Dead Load = (0.3m x 0.4m)(446m)(23.5 kN/m3) = 1257.72kN

 Tie Beam Dead Load = Area of column x Height x No. of column x Unit Weight

of concrete

Column Dead Load = (0.4m x 0.4m)(3m)(60)(23.5 kN/m3) = 992.64 kN

 Wall Dead Load = Total Length x Height x Thickness x Unit Weight of Wall

W1 = (120m) (3m) (0.2m) (21.2 kN/m3) = 1526.4 kN

W2 = (114.45m) (3m) (0.1m) (21.2 kN/m3) = 727.902 kN

Total: 2254.302 kN

Total Dead Load (First Floor) = (Slab + Beam + Column + Wall) = 6760.662 kN

Level 1 – Below N.G.L.:

 Column Dead Load = Area of column x Height x No. of column x Unit Weight of

concrete

Column Dead Load = (0.4m x 0.4m)(2m)(60)(23.5 kN/m3) = 451.2 kN

  Footing Tie Beam Dead Load = Area of beam x Length of beam x Unit Weight of

concrete

Footing Beam Dead Load = (0.3m x 0.4m)(446m)(23.5 kN/m3) = 1257.72kN

Total Dead Load (Below N.G.L.) = 1708.92 kN

Total Weight = 23436.2772 kN

DRIFT LIMITATIONS

T < 0.7 seconds ∆a ≤ 0.025h

At h = 3m : 0.025(3m) = 0.075 m At h = 9m : 0.025(9m) = 0.225 m

At h = 6m : 0.025(6m) = 0.15 m
DESIGN OF SLABS
 DESIGN OF SLABS

Design of Critical Slab (S-1)

Administration and Emergency Building Typical Slab Plan (2nd Floor)

The slab computation for the critical slab S-1 is presented as follows:

GIVEN:

Short Side A: 5m fc’: 28 MPa

Long Side B: 5m fy: 420 MPa

Live Load: 6 kPa ɸ: 0.9

Dead Loads β1 : 0.85

Floor Finish: 0.91 kPa Concrete Unit Wt.: 23.5 kN/m3

Ceiling Finish: 0.24 kPa

Electrical Load: 0.25 kPa

Miscellaneous Load: 1 kPa

Diameter of Rebars: 12 mm

Ad: 113.10 mm2

Concrete Cover: 20 mm

SOLUTION:

Ratio, m

m = Short Side A = 5 m = 1.0 > 0.5 Therefore, Two Way Slab

Long Side B 5m
Minimum slab thickness, h

( )( ) ( )( )
h= = = 111.11 mm

h = 120 mm > hmin = 90 mm OK!

Use h = 120 mm

Assume effective depth, d

d1 = h – concrete cover – half of bar diameter

d1 = 120-20-6

d1 = 94 mm

d2 = h- concrete cover – bar diameter – half of bar diameter

d2 = 140-20-12-6

d2 = 82 mm

Dead Loads

Slab self-weight = h x conc. unit wt.

= (0.12 m) (23.5 kN /m3) = 2.82 kPa

Floor Finish = 0.91 kPa

Ceiling Finish = 0.24 kPa

Electrical Load = 0.25 kPa

Miscellaneous Loads = 1 kPa

 5.22 kPa

Factored Load

WUDL = 1.2(DL) = 1.2 (5.22) = 6.264 kPa

WULL = 1.6(LL) = 1.6 (6) = 9.6 kPa

WU = WUDL + WULL = 15.864 kPa

Solving for Moments:

A. Short Span, Middle Strip

At continuous edge

Ratio 1.00

Ca,neg 0.061

Therefore, Ca,neg = 0.061

MA = (WU) (CA)(A2)
Ma = (15.864)(0.061)(52)
MA = 24.193 kN – m

At midspan for DL

Ratio 1.00

Ca,DL 0.023

MADL = (WUDL)(CA,DL)(A2)
MADL = (6.264)(0.023)(52)
MADL = 3.602 kN – m
 At midspan for LL

Ratio 1.00

Ca,LL 0.030

MALL = (WULL)(CA,LL)(A2)
MALL = (9.6)(0.030)(52)
MALL = 7.2 kN – m

MA = MADL + MALL = 10.802 kN - m

B. Long Span, Middle Strip

At continuous edge

Ratio 1.00

Cb,neg 0.033

MB = (WU)(Cb,neg)(B2)
MB = (15.864)(0.033)(52)
MB = 13.088 kN – m

At midspan for DL

Ratio 1.00

CB,DL 0.020

MBDL = (WUDL)(CB,DL)(B2)
MBDL = (6.264)(0.020)(52)
MBDL = 3.132 kN – m

At midspan for LL
 Ratio 1.00

CB,LL 0.028

MBLL = (WULL)(CB,LL)(B2)
MBLL = (9.6)(0.028)(52)
MBLL = 6.72 kN – m

MB = MBDL + MBLL = 9.852 kN – m

Strength Design

A. Short Span, Middle Strip

At continuous edge:

.
Rn = =( )( )( )
= 3.042 MPa
ɸ .

.
ρ= x (1 – 1− )
.

. ( ) ( . )
ρ= ( )
x (1 – 1− . ( )
) = 0.00778

. . √
ρmin = or = or = 0.003333333 or 0.003149704
( )

Therefore, use 0.00333

( . )( . ) ′ ( . )( . )( . )( )
ρmax = x = x = 0.02125
When ρmin < ρ < ρmax

Therefore, use 0.00778 for As

As = ρbd = (0.00778) (1000) (94) = 731.03129 mm2

Using 12 mm bars

( ) ( . )( )
S= = .
= 154.713 mm

Say S = 150 mm

Smax = 2h = 2(120) = 240 mm or 450 mm Therefore Smax = 240 mm

S < Smax Therefore S = 150 mm

At midspan:

.
Rn = ɸ =( . )( )( )
= 1.358 MPa

.
ρ= x (1 – 1− .
)

. ( ) ( . )
ρ= x (1 – 1− ) = 0.00333
( ) . ( )

. . √
ρmin = or = or ( )
= 0.003333333 or 0.003149704

Therefore, use 0.00333

( . )( . ) ′ ( . )( . )( . )( )
ρmax = x = x = 0.02125
 When ρmin > ρ < ρmax

Therefore use 0.00333 for As

As = ρbd = (0.00333) (1000)(94) = 313.33333 mm2

Using 12 mm bars

( ) ( . )( )
S= = .
= 360.957 mm

Say S = 360 mm

Smax = 2h = 2(120) = 240 mm or 450 mm Therefore Smax = 240 mm

S > Smax Therefore S = 240 mm

B. Long Span, Middle Strip

At continuous edge:

.
Rn = ɸ =( . )( )( )
= 2.163 MPa

.
ρ= x (1 – 1− )
.

. ( ) ( . )
ρ= x (1 – 1− ) = 0.00541
( ) . ( )

. . √
ρmin = or = or ( )
= 0.003333333 or 0.003149704

Therefore use 0.00333

 ( . )( . ) ′ ( . )( . )( . )( )
ρmax = x = x = 0.02125

When ρmin < ρ < ρmax

Therefore use 0.00541 for As

As = ρbd = (0.00333) (1000)(82) = 443.39659 mm2

Using 12 mm bars

( ) ( . )( )
S= = = 255.076 mm
.

Say S = 250 mm

Smax = 2h = 2(120) = 240 mm or 450 mm Therefore Smax = 240 mm

S > Smax Therefore S = 240 mm

At midspan:

.
Rn = =( )( )( )
= 1.628MPa
ɸ .

.
ρ= x (1 – 1− )
.

. ( ) ( . )
ρ= ( )
x (1 – 1− . ( )
) = 0.00402

. . √
ρmin = or = or = 0.003333333 or 0.003149704
( )

Therefore use 0.00333

 ( . )( . ) ′ ( . )( . )( . )( )
ρmax = x = x = 0.02125

When ρmin < ρ < ρmax

Therefore use 0.00402 for As

As = ρbd = (0.00402) (1000)(82) = 329.53235 mm2

Using 12 mm bars

( ) ( . )( )
S= = =343.214mm

Say S = 340 mm

Smax = 2h = 2(120) = 240 mm or 450 mm Therefore Smax = 240 mm

S > Smax Therefore S = 240 mm

DESIGN OF BEAMS
 DESIGN OF CRITICAL BEAM

SECOND FLOOR End 1 – Longitudinal

Location of Critical Beam

 Moment Diagram of Critical Beam

COMPUTATION:

Mu = 196.507 kN-m fc' = 28 MPa

b = 300 mm fy = 420 MPa

h = 400 mm ϕ = 0.9

concrete cover = 40 mm β1 = 0.85

using 20 mm Ø rebar Es = 200000 MPa

using 12 mm Ø stirrups

Solving for effective depth

d = height - concrete cover - diameter of stirrups - 0.5(rebar diameter)

d = 400 mm - 40 mm - 12 mm - 0.5(20 mm)

d = 338 mm

I. Solving for Nominal Moment Capacity

.
Mn = = = 218.341 kN-m
.

II. Solving for Steel Ratio

( . )( )( )
ρ= ( )

( . )( . )( )
ρ= ( )

ρ = 0.02125

Therefore, use ρ = 0.02125

III. Solving for Ultimate Moment Capacity

ω=ρ

ω = (0.02125)( )
 ω = 0.31875

IV. Check if Singly or Doubly Reinforced

ØMnmax = (ϕ)(fc')(ω)(b)(d2)(1 - 0.59ω)

ØMnmax = (0.9)(28)(0.31875)(300)(338)2(1 - 0.59(0.31875))

ØMnmax = 223.530 kN-m

ØMnmax > Mu

223.530 kN-m > 196.507 kN-m

Therefore, USE Singly Reinforced Beam

V. Solving for Coefficient of Resistance

.
Rn = ( )(
=
) . ( )( . )

Rn = 6.370 MPa

VI. Solving for Steel Ratio

( . )( )
ρ= (1 - 1 − )
.

( . )( ) ( . )
ρ= (1 - 1 − )
.

ρ = 0.01810395

. √
ρmin = or = 0.0031497 or 0.00315
( )

( . )( . )
ρmax = = 0.021
( )

ρmin < ρ <ρmax

Therefore, use 0.01810395 for As

VII. Solving for Area Of Steel

As = ρbd = (0.01810395) (300) (338)

As = 1829.20498 mm2

VIII. For Tension Reinforcement

 a. Solving for number of bars

( ) ( )
Ad = = = 314.159265 mm2

.
No. of bars = = .
= 5.8225 ≈ 6 pcs

IX. Checking the Spacing

( ) ( ) ( )
S= = 78 mm > 20 mm; OK!

THE PROPONENTS RECOMMEND THE USE OF 6 – 20 MM DIAMETER FOR TENSION

REINFORCEMENT.

SECOND FLOOR Midspan – Longitudinal

Moment Diagram of Critical Beam

COMPUTATION:

Mu = 64.046 kN-m fc' = 28 MPa

b = 300 mm fy = 420 MPa

h = 400 mm ϕ = 0.9

concrete cover = 40 mm β1 = 0.85

using 20 mm Ø rebar Es = 200000 MPa

using 12 mm Ø stirrups

Solving for effective depth

d = height - concrete cover - diameter of stirrups - 0.5(rebar diameter)

d = 400 mm - 40 mm - 12 mm - 0.5 (20 mm)

d = 338 mm

X. Solving for Nominal Moment Capacity

.
Mn = = .
= 71.162 kN-m

XI. Solving for Steel Ratio

( . )( )( )
ρ= ( )

( . )( . )( )
ρ= ( )

ρ = 0.02125

Therefore, use ρ = 0.02125

XII. Solving for Ultimate Moment Capacity

ω=ρ

ω = (0.02125)( )

ω = 0.31875

ØMnmax = (ϕ)(fc')(ω)(b)(d2)(1 - 0.59ω)

ØMnmax = (0.9)(28)(0.31875)(300)(3382)(1 - 0.59(0.31875))

ØMnmax = 223.530 kN-m > 64.046 kN-m

 XIII. Check if Singly or Doubly Reinforced

XIV. ØMnmax > Mu

222.865 kN-m > 64.046 kN-m

Therefore, USE Singly Reinforced Beam

XV. Solving for Coefficient of Resistance

.
Rn = ( )( )
= . ( )( )

Rn = 2.076 MPa

XVI. Solving for Steel Ratio

( . )( )
ρ= (1 - 1 − .
)

( . )( ) ( . )
ρ= (1 - 1 − . ( )
)

ρ = 0.0052

. √
ρmin = or = 0.0031497 or 0.00315
( )

( . )( . )
ρmax = = 0.021
( )

ρmin < ρ < ρmax

Therefore, use 0.0052 for As

XVII. Solving for Area Of Steel

As = ρbd = (0.0052) (300) (338)

As = 525.2946 mm2

XVIII. For Tension Reinforcement

a. Solving for number of bars

( ) ( )
Ad = = = 314.159 mm2

.
No. of bars = = = 1.6721 ≈ 2 pcs
.

XIX. Checking the Spacing

 ( ) ( ) ( )
S= = 70 mm > 20 mm; Okay!

THE PROPONENTS RECOMMEND THE USE OF 2 – 20 MM DIAMETER FOR TENSION

REINFORCEMENT.

SECOND FLOOR End 2 - Longitudinal

Moment Diagram of Critical Beam

COMPUTATION:

Mu = 11.06 kN-m fc' = 28 MPa

b = 300 mm fy = 420 MPa

h = 400 mm ϕ = 0.9

concrete cover = 40 mm β1 = 0.85

using 20 mm Ø rebar Es = 200000 MPa

using 12 mm Ø stirrups
 Solving for effective depth

d = height - concrete cover - diameter of stirrups - 0.5(rebar diameter)

d = 400 mm - 40 mm - 12 mm - 0.5(20 mm)

d = 338 mm

XX. Solving for Nominal Moment Capacity

.
Mn = = .
= 12.289 kN-m

XXI. Solving for Steel Ratio

( . )( )( )
ρ= ( )

( . )( . )( )
ρ= ( )

ρ = 0.02125

Therefore, use ρ = 0.02125

XXII. Solving for Ultimate Moment Capacity

ω=ρ

ω = (0.02125) ( )

ω = 0.315

ØMnmax = (ϕ) (fc') (ω) (b) (d2) (1 - 0.59ω)

ØMnmax = (0.9) (28) (0.31875) (300) (3382) (1 - 0.59(0.31875))

ØMnmax = 223.525 kN-m

XXIII. Check if Singly or Doubly Reinforced

ØMnmax > Mu

223.525 kN-m > 11.06 kN-m

Therefore, USE Singly Reinforced Beam

 XXIV. Solving for Coefficient of Resistance

.
Rn = ( )( )
= . ( )( . )

Rn = 0.35856 MPa

XXV. Solving for Steel Ratio

( . )( )
ρ= (1 - 1 − .
)

( . )( ) ( . )
ρ= (1 - 1 − . ( )
)

ρ = 0.0009

. √
ρmin = or = 0.0031497 or 0.00315
( )

( . )( . )
ρmax = = 0.021
( )

ρmin > ρ < ρmax

Therefore, use 0.00315 for As

XXVI. Solving for Area Of Steel

As = ρbd = (0.00315) (300) (338)

As = 319.41 mm2

XXVII. For Tension Reinforcement

a. Solving for number of bars

( ) ( )
Ad = = = 314.159 mm2

.
No. of bars = = = 1.0167 ≈ 2 pcs
.

XXVIII. Checking the Spacing

( ) ( ) ( )
S= = 78 mm > 20 mm; Okay!

THE PROPONENTS RECOMMEND THE USE OF 2– 20 MM DIAMETER FOR TENSION

REINFORCEMENT.
SECOND FLOOR End 1 – Transverse

Location of Critical Beam

Moment Diagram of Critical Beam

COMPUTATION:

Mu = 204.863 kN-m fc' = 28 MPa

b = 300 mm fy = 420 MPa

h = 400 mm ϕ = 0.9
 concrete cover = 40 mm β1 = 0.85

using 20 mm Ø rebar Es = 200000 MPa

using 10 mm Ø stirrups

Solving for effective depth

d = height - concrete cover - diameter of stirrups - 0.5(rebar diameter)

d = 400 mm - 40 mm - 12 mm - 0.5(20 mm)

d = 338 mm

XXIX. Solving for Nominal Moment Capacity

.
Mn = = .
= 227.63 kN-m

XXX. Solving for Steel Ratio

( . )( )( )
ρ= ( )

( . )( . )( )
ρ= ( )

ρ = 0.02125

Therefore, use ρ = 0.02125

XXXI. Solving for Ultimate Moment Capacity

ω=ρ

ω = (0.02125) ( )

ω = 0.31875

ØMnmax = (ϕ) (fc') (ω) (b) (d2) (1 - 0.59ω)

ØMnmax = (0.9) (28) (0.31875) (300) (3382) (1 - 0.59(0.31875))

ØMnmax = 223.530 kN-m

XXXII. Check if Singly or Doubly Reinforced

 ØMnmax > Mu

223.530 kN-m > 204.863 kN-m

Therefore, USE Singly Reinforced Beam

XXXIII. Solving for Coefficient of Resistance

.
Rn = ( )(
=
) . ( )( )

Rn = 6.6415 MPa

XXXIV. Solving for Steel Ratio

( . )( )
ρ= (1 - 1 − )
.

( . )( ) ( . )
ρ= (1 - 1 − . ( )
)

ρ = 0.0190

. √
ρmin = or ( )
= 0.0031497 or 0.00315

( . )( . )
ρmax = ( )
= 0.021

ρmin < ρ <ρmax

Therefore, use 0.0190 for As

XXXV. Solving for Area Of Steel

As = ρbd = (0.0190) (300) (338)

As = 1926.355 mm2

XXXVI. For Tension Reinforcement

a. Solving for number of bars

( ) ( )
Ad = = = 314.159 mm2

.
No. of bars = = .
= 6.132 ≈ 7 pcs

XXXVII. Checking the Spacing

 ( ) ( ) ( )
S= = 72 mm > 25 mm; Okay!

THE PROPONENTS RECOMMEND THE USE OF 7 – 20 MM DIAMETER FOR TENSION

REINFORCEMENT.

Midspan –Tranverse

Moment Diagram of Critical Beam

COMPUTATION:

Mu = 68.355 kN-m fc' = 28 MPa

b = 300 mm fy = 420 MPa

h = 400 mm ϕ = 0.9

concrete cover = 40 mm β1 = 0.85

using 20 mm Ø rebar Es = 200000 MPa

using 12 mm Ø stirrups
 Solving for effective depth

d = height - concrete cover - diameter of stirrups - 0.5(rebar diameter)

d = 400 mm - 40 mm - 12 mm - 0.5 (20 mm)

d = 338 mm

XXXVIII. Solving for Nominal Moment Capacity

.
Mn = = = 75.95 kN-m
.

XXXIX. Solving for Steel Ratio

( . )( )( )
ρ= ( )

( . )( . )( )
ρ= ( )

ρ = 0.02125

Therefore, use ρ = 0.02125

XL. Solving for Ultimate Moment Capacity

ω=ρ

ω = (0.02125)( )

ω = 0.31875

ØMnmax = (ϕ)(fc')(ω)(b)(d2)(1 - 0.59ω)

ØMnmax = (0.9)(28)(0.31875)(300)(3382)(1 - 0.59(0.31875))

ØMnmax = 223.52597 kN-m

XLI. Check if Singly or Doubly Reinforced

ØMnmax > Mu

223.52597 kN-m > 68.355 kN-m

Therefore, USE Singly Reinforced Beam

XLII. Solving for Coefficient of Resistance

 .
Rn = ( )(
=
) . ( )( )

Rn = 2.2161 MPa

XLIII. Solving for Steel Ratio

( . )( )
ρ= (1 - 1 − )
.

( . )( ) ( . )
ρ= (1 - 1 − . ( )
)

ρ = 0.00555

. √
ρmin = or ( )
= 0.0031497 or 0.00315

( . )( . )
ρmax = ( )
= 0.021

ρmin < ρ < ρmax

Therefore, use 0.00555 for As

XLIV. Solving for Area Of Steel

As = ρbd = (0.00555) (300) (338)

As = 562.547 mm2

XLV. For Tension Reinforcement

a. Solving for number of bars

( ) ( )
Ad = = = 314.159 mm2

.
No. of bars = = .
= 1.791≈ 2 pcs

XLVI. Checking the Spacing

( ) ( ) ( )
S= = 78 mm > 20 mm; Okay!

THE PROPONENTS RECOMMEND THE USE OF 2 – 20 MM DIAMETER FOR TENSION

REINFORCEMENTS.
End 2 - Transverse

Moment Diagram of Critical Beam

COMPUTATION:

Mu = 28.426 kN-m fc' = 28 MPa

b = 300 mm fy = 420 MPa

h = 400 mm ϕ = 0.9

concrete cover = 40 mm β1 = 0.85

using 20 mm Ø rebar Es = 200000 MPa

using 12 mm Ø stirrups

Solving for effective depth

d = height - concrete cover - diameter of stirrups - 0.5(rebar diameter)

d = 400 mm - 40 mm - 12 mm - 0.5 (20 mm)

d = 338 mm
XLVII. Solving for Nominal Moment Capacity
.
Mn = = = 31.584 kN-m
.

XLVIII. Solving for Steel Ratio

( . )( )( )
ρ= ( )

( . )( . )( )
ρ= ( )

ρ = 0.02125

Therefore, use ρ = 0.02125

XLIX. Solving for Ultimate Moment Capacity

ω=ρ

ω = (0.02125)( )

ω = 0.31875

ØMnmax = (ϕ)(fc')(ω)(b)(d2)(1 - 0.59ω)

ØMnmax = (0.9)(28)(0.31875)(300)(3382)(1 - 0.59(0.31875))

ØMnmax = 223.52597 kN-m

L. Check if Singly or Doubly Reinforced

ØMnmax > Mu

223.52597 kN-m > 28.426 kN-m

Therefore, USE Singly Reinforced Beam

LI. Solving for Coefficient of Resistance

.
Rn = ( )( )
= . ( )( )

Rn = 0.9215 MPa

LII. Solving for Steel Ratio

 ( . )( )
ρ= (1 - 1 − .
)

( . )( ) ( . )
ρ= (1 - 1 − )
. ( )

ρ = 0.00224

. √
ρmin = or = 0.0031497 or 0.00315
( )

( . )( . )
ρmax = = 0.021
( )

ρmin > ρ < ρmax

Therefore, use 0.00315 for As

LIII. Solving for Area Of Steel

As = ρbd = (0.00315) (300) (338)

As = 319.41 mm2

LIV. For Tension Reinforcement

a. Solving for number of bars

( ) ( )
Ad = = = 314.159 mm2

.
No. of bars = = = 1.0167 ≈ 2 pcs
.

LV. Checking the Spacing

( ) ( ) ( )
S= = 78 mm > 20 mm; Okay!

THE PROPONENTS RECOMMEND THE USE OF 2 – 20 MM DIAMETER FOR TENSION

REINFORCEMENTS.
THIRD FLOOR End 1 – Longitudinal

Location of Critical Beam

Moment Diagram of Critical Beam

 COMPUTATION:

Mu = 158.947 kN-m fc' = 28 MPa

b = 300 mm fy = 420 MPa

h = 400 mm ϕ = 0.9

concrete cover = 40 mm β1 = 0.85

using 20 mm Ø rebar Es = 200000 MPa

using 10 mm Ø stirrups

Solving for effective depth

d = height - concrete cover - diameter of stirrups - 0.5(rebar diameter)

d = 400 mm - 40 mm - 12 mm - 0.5(20 mm)

d = 338 mm

LVI. Solving for Nominal Moment Capacity

.
Mn = = = 176.61 kN-m
.

LVII. Solving for Steel Ratio

( . )( )( )
ρ= ( )

( . )( . )( )
ρ= ( )

ρ = 0.02125

Therefore, use ρ = 0.02125

LVIII. Solving for Ultimate Moment Capacity

ω=ρ

ω = (0.02125) ( )

ω = 0.31875
 ØMnmax = (ϕ) (fc') (ω) (b) (d2) (1 - 0.59ω)

ØMnmax = (0.9) (28) (0.31875) (300) (3382) (1 - 0.59(0.31875))

ØMnmax = 223.530 kN-m

LIX. Check if Singly or Doubly Reinforced

ØMnmax > Mu

223.530 kN-m > 158.947 kN-m

Therefore, USE Singly Reinforced Beam

LX. Solving for Coefficient of Resistance

.
Rn = ( )(
=
) . ( )( )

Rn = 5.1529 MPa

LXI. Solving for Steel Ratio

( . )( )
ρ= (1 - 1 − )
.

( . )( ) ( . )
ρ= (1 - 1 − . ( )
)

ρ = 0.014

. √
ρmin = or ( )
= 0.0031497 or 0.00315

( . )( . )
ρmax = ( )
= 0.021

ρmin < ρ <ρmax

Therefore, use 0.014 for As

LXII. Solving for Area Of Steel

As = ρbd = (0.014) (300) (338)

As = 1419.374 mm2

LXIII. For Tension Reinforcement

a. Solving for number of bars

 ( ) ( )
Ad = = = 314.159 mm2

.
No. of bars = = = 4.518 ≈ 5 pcs
.

LXIV. Checking the Spacing

( ) ( ) ( )
S= = 78 mm > 25 mm; Okay!

THE PROPONENTS RECOMMEND THE USE OF 5 – 20 MM DIAMETER FOR TENSION

REINFORCEMENT.

Midspan – Longitudinal

Moment Diagram of Critical Beam

COMPUTATION:

Mu = 60.438 kN-m fc' = 28 MPa

b = 300 mm fy = 420 MPa

h = 400 mm ϕ = 0.9
 concrete cover = 40 mm β1 = 0.85

using 20 mm Ø rebar Es = 200000 MPa

using 12 mm Ø stirrups

Solving for effective depth

d = height - concrete cover - diameter of stirrups - 0.5(rebar diameter)

d = 400 mm - 40 mm - 12 mm - 0.5 (20 mm)

d = 338 mm

LXV. Solving for Nominal Moment Capacity

.
Mn = = = 67.053 kN-m
.

LXVI. Solving for Steel Ratio

( . )( )( )
ρ= ( )

( . )( . )( )
ρ= ( )

ρ = 0.02125

Therefore, use ρ = 0.02125

LXVII. Solving for Ultimate Moment Capacity

ω=ρ

ω = (0.02125)( )

ω = 0.31875

ØMnmax = (ϕ)(fc')(ω)(b)(d2)(1 - 0.59ω)

ØMnmax = (0.9)(28)(0.31875)(300)(3382)(1 - 0.59(0.31875))

ØMnmax = 223.52597 kN-m

LXVIII. Check if Singly or Doubly Reinforced

ØMnmax > Mu
 223.52597 kN-m > 60.348 kN-m

Therefore, USE Singly Reinforced Beam

LXIX. Solving for Coefficient of Resistance

.
Rn = ( )(
=
) . ( )( )

Rn = 1.9564 MPa

LXX. Solving for Steel Ratio

( . )( )
ρ= (1 - 1 − .
)

( . )( ) ( . )
ρ= (1 - 1 − . ( )
)

ρ = 0.00487

. √
ρmin = or = 0.0031497 or 0.00315
( )

( . )( . )
ρmax = ( )
= 0.021

ρmin < ρ < ρmax

Therefore, use 0.00487 for As

LXXI. Solving for Area Of Steel

As = ρbd = (0.00487) (300) (338)

As = 493.535 mm2

LXXII. For Tension Reinforcement

a. Solving for number of bars

( ) ( )
Ad = = = 314.159 mm2

.
No. of bars = = = 1.571 ≈ 2 pcs
.

LXXIII. Checking the Spacing

( ) ( ) ( )
S= = 78 mm > 20 mm; Okay!
THE PROPONENTS RECOMMEND THE USE OF 2 – 20 MM DIAMETER FOR TENSION

REINFORCEMENTS.

End 2 - Longitudinal

Moment Diagram of Critical Beam

COMPUTATION:

Mu = 27.464 kN-m fc' = 28 MPa

b = 300 mm fy = 420 MPa

h = 400 mm ϕ = 0.9

concrete cover = 40 mm β1 = 0.85

using 20 mm Ø rebar Es = 200000 MPa

using 12 mm Ø stirrups
 Solving for effective depth

d = height - concrete cover - diameter of stirrups - 0.5(rebar diameter)

d = 400 mm - 40 mm - 12 mm - 0.5 (20 mm)

d = 338 mm

LXXIV. Solving for Nominal Moment Capacity

.
Mn = = .
= 30.516 kN-m

LXXV. Solving for Steel Ratio

( . )( )( )
ρ= ( )

( . )( . )( )
ρ= ( )

ρ = 0.02125

Therefore, use ρ = 0.02125

LXXVI. Solving for Ultimate Moment Capacity

ω=ρ

ω = (0.02125)( )

ω = 0.31875

ØMnmax = (ϕ)(fc')(ω)(b)(d2)(1 - 0.59ω)

ØMnmax = (0.9)(28)(0.31875)(300)(3382)(1 - 0.59(0.31875))

ØMnmax = 223.52597 kN-m

LXXVII. Check if Singly or Doubly Reinforced

ØMnmax > Mu

223.52597 kN-m > 27.464 kN-m

Therefore, USE Singly Reinforced Beam

LXXVIII. Solving for Coefficient of Resistance

 .
Rn = ( )(
=
) . ( )( )

Rn = 0.8904 MPa

LXXIX. Solving for Steel Ratio

( . )( )
ρ= (1 - 1 − )
.

( . )( ) ( . )
ρ= (1 - 1 − . ( )
)

ρ = 0.00216

. √
ρmin = or ( )
= 0.0031497 or 0.00315

( . )( . )
ρmax = ( )
= 0.021

ρmin > ρ < ρmax

Therefore, use 0.00315 for As

LXXX. Solving for Area Of Steel

As = ρbd = (0.00315) (300) (338)

As = 319.41 mm2

LXXXI. For Tension Reinforcement

a. Solving for number of bars

( ) ( )
Ad = = = 314.159 mm2

.
No. of bars = = .
= 1.0167 ≈ 2 pcs

LXXXII. Checking the Spacing

( ) ( ) ( )
S= = 78 mm > 20 mm; Okay!

THE PROPONENTS RECOMMEND THE USE OF 2 – 20 MM DIAMETER FOR TENSION

REINFORCEMENTS.
THIRD FLOOR End 1 – Transverse

Location of Critical Beam

Moment Diagram of Critical Beam

 COMPUTATION:

Mu = 149.660 kN-m fc' = 28 MPa

b = 300 mm fy = 420 MPa

h = 400 mm ϕ = 0.9

concrete cover = 40 mm β1 = 0.85

using 20 mm Ø rebar Es = 200000 MPa

using 10 mm Ø stirrups

Solving for effective depth

d = height - concrete cover - diameter of stirrups - 0.5(rebar diameter)

d = 400 mm - 40 mm - 12 mm - 0.5(20 mm)

d = 338 mm

LXXXIII. Solving for Nominal Moment Capacity

.
Mn = = .
= 166.29 kN-m

LXXXIV. Solving for Steel Ratio

( . )( )( )
ρ= ( )

( . )( . )( )
ρ= ( )

ρ = 0.02125

Therefore, use ρ = 0.02125

LXXXV. Solving for Ultimate Moment Capacity

ω=ρ

ω = (0.02125) ( )

ω = 0.31875
 ØMnmax = (ϕ) (fc') (ω) (b) (d2) (1 - 0.59ω)

ØMnmax = (0.9) (28) (0.31875) (300) (3382) (1 - 0.59(0.31875))

ØMnmax = 223.530 kN-m

LXXXVI. Check if Singly or Doubly Reinforced

ØMnmax > Mu

223.530 kN-m > 149.66 kN-m

Therefore, USE Singly Reinforced Beam

LXXXVII. Solving for Coefficient of Resistance

.
Rn = ( )(
=
) . ( )( )

Rn = 4.8519 MPa

LXXXVIII. Solving for Steel Ratio

( . )( )
ρ= (1 - 1 − )
.

( . )( ) ( . )
ρ= (1 - 1 − . ( )
)

ρ = 0.01306

. √
ρmin = or ( )
= 0.0031497 or 0.00315

( . )( . )
ρmax = ( )
= 0.021

ρmin < ρ <ρmax

Therefore, use 0.01306 for As

LXXXIX. Solving for Area Of Steel

As = ρbd = (0.01306) (300) (338)

As = 1323.893 mm2

XC. For Tension Reinforcement

a. Solving for number of bars

 ( ) ( )
Ad = = = 314.159 mm2

.
No. of bars = = = 4.214 ≈ 5 pcs
.

XCI. Checking the Spacing

( ) ( ) ( )
S= = 78 mm > 25 mm; Okay!

THE PROPONENTS RECOMMEND THE USE OF 5 – 20 MM DIAMETER FOR TENSION

REINFORCEMENT.

Midspan – Transverse

Moment Diagram of Critical Beam

COMPUTATION:

Mu = 62.034 kN-m fc' = 28 MPa

b = 300 mm fy = 420 MPa

h = 400 mm ϕ = 0.9
 concrete cover = 40 mm β1 = 0.85

using 20 mm Ø rebar Es = 200000 MPa

using 12 mm Ø stirrups

Solving for effective depth

d = height - concrete cover - diameter of stirrups - 0.5(rebar diameter)

d = 400 mm - 40 mm - 12 mm - 0.5 (20 mm)

d = 338 mm

XCII. Solving for Nominal Moment Capacity

.
Mn = = = 68.927 kN-m
.

XCIII. Solving for Steel Ratio

( . )( )( )
ρ= ( )

( . )( . )( )
ρ= ( )

ρ = 0.02125

Therefore, use ρ = 0.02125

XCIV. Solving for Ultimate Moment Capacity

ω=ρ

ω = (0.02125)( )

ω = 0.31875

ØMnmax = (ϕ)(fc')(ω)(b)(d2)(1 - 0.59ω)

ØMnmax = (0.9)(28)(0.31875)(300)(3382)(1 - 0.59(0.31875))

ØMnmax = 223.52597 kN-m

XCV. Check if Singly or Doubly Reinforced

ØMnmax > Mu
 223.52597 kN-m > 62.034 kN-m

Therefore, USE Singly Reinforced Beam

XCVI. Solving for Coefficient of Resistance

.
Rn = ( )(
=
) . ( )( )

Rn = 2.0111 MPa

XCVII. Solving for Steel Ratio

( . )( )
ρ= (1 - 1 − .
)

( . )( ) ( . )
ρ= (1 - 1 − . ( )
)

ρ = 0.00501

. √
ρmin = or = 0.0031497 or 0.00315
( )

( . )( . )
ρmax = ( )
= 0.021

ρmin < ρ < ρmax

Therefore, use 0.00501 for As

XCVIII. Solving for Area Of Steel

As = ρbd = (0.00501) (300) (338)

As = 507.991 mm2

XCIX. For Tension Reinforcement

a. Solving for number of bars

( ) ( )
Ad = = = 314.159 mm2

.
No. of bars = = = 1.617 ≈ 2 pcs
.

C. Checking the Spacing

( ) ( ) ( )
S= = 78 mm > 20 mm; Okay!
THE PROPONENTS RECOMMEND THE USE OF 2 – 20 MM DIAMETER FOR TENSION

REINFORCEMENTS.

End 2 - Traverse

Moment Diagram of Critical Beam

COMPUTATION:

Mu = 45.041 kN-m fc' = 28 MPa

b = 300 mm fy = 420 MPa

h = 400 mm ϕ = 0.9

concrete cover = 40 mm β1 = 0.85

using 20 mm Ø rebar Es = 200000 MPa

using 12 mm Ø stirrups
 Solving for effective depth

d = height - concrete cover - diameter of stirrups - 0.5(rebar diameter)

d = 400 mm - 40 mm - 12 mm - 0.5 (20 mm)

d = 338 mm

CI. Solving for Nominal Moment Capacity

.
Mn = = = 50.046 kN-m
.

CII. Solving for Steel Ratio

( . )( )( )
ρ= ( )

( . )( . )( )
ρ= ( )

ρ = 0.02125

Therefore, use ρ = 0.02125

CIII. Solving for Ultimate Moment Capacity

ω=ρ

ω = (0.02125)( )

ω = 0.31875

ØMnmax = (ϕ)(fc')(ω)(b)(d2)(1 - 0.59ω)

ØMnmax = (0.9)(28)(0.31875)(300)(3382)(1 - 0.59(0.31875))

ØMnmax = 223.52597 kN-m

CIV. Check if Singly or Doubly Reinforced

ØMnmax > Mu

223.52597 kN-m > 45.041 kN-m

Therefore, USE Singly Reinforced Beam

CV. Solving for Coefficient of Resistance

 .
Rn = ( )(
=
) . ( )( )

Rn = 1.4602 MPa

CVI. Solving for Steel Ratio

( . )( )
ρ= (1 - 1 − )
.

( . )( ) ( . )
ρ= (1 - 1 − . ( )
)

ρ = 0.00359

. √
ρmin = or ( )
= 0.0031497 or 0.00315

( . )( . )
ρmax = ( )
= 0.021

ρmin < ρ < ρmax

Therefore, use 0.00359 for As

CVII. Solving for Area Of Steel

As = ρbd = (0.00359) (300) (338)

As = 364.07 mm2

CVIII. For Tension Reinforcement

a. Solving for number of bars

( ) ( )
Ad = = = 314.159 mm2

.
No. of bars = = .
= 1.1589 ≈ 2 pcs

CIX. Checking the Spacing

( ) ( ) ( )
S= = 78 mm > 20 mm; Okay!

THE PROPONENTS RECOMMEND THE USE OF 2 – 20 MM DIAMETER FOR TENSION

REINFORCEMENTS.
ROOF BEAM End 1 – Longitudinal

Location of Critical Beam

Moment Diagram of Critical Beam

 COMPUTATION:

Mu = 83.205 kN-m fc' = 28 MPa

b = 300 mm fy = 420 MPa

h = 400 mm ϕ = 0.9

concrete cover = 40 mm β1 = 0.85

using 20 mm Ø rebar Es = 200000 MPa

using 10 mm Ø stirrups

Solving for effective depth

d = height - concrete cover - diameter of stirrups - 0.5(rebar diameter)

d = 400 mm - 40 mm - 12 mm - 0.5(20 mm)

d = 338 mm

CX. Solving for Nominal Moment Capacity

.
Mn = = = 92.45 kN-m
.

CXI. Solving for Steel Ratio

( . )( )( )
ρ= ( )

( . )( . )( )
ρ= ( )

ρ = 0.02125

Therefore, use ρ = 0.02125

CXII. Solving for Ultimate Moment Capacity

ω=ρ

ω = (0.02125) ( )

ω = 0.31875
 ØMnmax = (ϕ) (fc') (ω) (b) (d2) (1 - 0.59ω)

ØMnmax = (0.9) (28) (0.31875) (300) (3382) (1 - 0.59(0.31875))

ØMnmax = 223.530 kN-m

CXIII. Check if Singly or Doubly Reinforced

ØMnmax > Mu

223.530 kN-m > 83.205 kN-m

Therefore, USE Singly Reinforced Beam

CXIV. Solving for Coefficient of Resistance

.
Rn = ( )(
=
) . ( )( )

Rn = 2.6974 MPa

CXV. Solving for Steel Ratio

( . )( )
ρ= (1 - 1 − )
.

( . )( ) ( . )
ρ= (1 - 1 − . ( )
)

ρ = 0.00683

. √
ρmin = or ( )
= 0.0031497 or 0.00315

( . )( . )
ρmax = ( )
= 0.021

ρmin < ρ <ρmax

Therefore, use 0.00683 for As

CXVI. Solving for Area Of Steel

As = ρbd = (0.00683) (300) (338)

As = 693.0337 mm2

CXVII. For Tension Reinforcement

a. Solving for number of bars

 ( ) ( )
Ad = = = 314.159 mm2

.
No. of bars = = = 2.206 ≈ 3 pcs
.

CXVIII. Checking the Spacing

( ) ( ) ( )
S= = 78 mm > 25 mm; Okay!

THE PROPONENTS RECOMMEND THE USE OF 3 – 20 MM DIAMETER FOR TENSION

REINFORCEMENT.

Midspan – Longitudinal

Moment Diagram of Critical Beam

COMPUTATION:

Mu = 29.654 kN-m fc' = 28 MPa

b = 300 mm fy = 420 MPa

h = 400 mm ϕ = 0.9
 concrete cover = 40 mm β1 = 0.85

using 20 mm Ø rebar Es = 200000 MPa

using 12 mm Ø stirrups

Solving for effective depth

d = height - concrete cover - diameter of stirrups - 0.5(rebar diameter)

d = 400 mm - 40 mm - 12 mm - 0.5 (20 mm)

d = 338 mm

CXIX. Solving for Nominal Moment Capacity

.
Mn = = = 32.949 kN-m
.

CXX. Solving for Steel Ratio

( . )( )( )
ρ= ( )

( . )( . )( )
ρ= ( )

ρ = 0.02125

Therefore, use ρ = 0.02125

CXXI. Solving for Ultimate Moment Capacity

ω=ρ

ω = (0.02125)( )

ω = 0.31875

ØMnmax = (ϕ)(fc')(ω)(b)(d2)(1 - 0.59ω)

ØMnmax = (0.9)(28)(0.31875)(300)(3382)(1 - 0.59(0.31875))

ØMnmax = 223.52597 kN-m

CXXII. Check if Singly or Doubly Reinforced

ØMnmax > Mu
 223.52597 kN-m > 29.654 kN-m

Therefore, USE Singly Reinforced Beam

CXXIII. Solving for Coefficient of Resistance

.
Rn = ( )(
=
) . ( )( )

Rn = 2.0111 MPa

CXXIV. Solving for Steel Ratio

( . )( )
ρ= (1 - 1 − .
)

( . )( ) ( . )
ρ= (1 - 1 − . ( )
)

ρ = 0.00234

. √
ρmin = or = 0.0031497 or 0.00315
( )

( . )( . )
ρmax = ( )
= 0.021

ρmin > ρ < ρmax

Therefore, use 0.00315 for As

CXXV. Solving for Area Of Steel

As = ρbd = (0.00315) (300) (338)

As = 319.41 mm2

CXXVI. For Tension Reinforcement

a. Solving for number of bars

( ) ( )
Ad = = = 314.159 mm2

.
No. of bars = = = 1.017 ≈ 2 pcs
.

CXXVII. Checking the Spacing

( ) ( ) ( )
S= = 78 mm > 20 mm; Okay!
THE PROPONENTS RECOMMEND THE USE OF 2 – 20 MM DIAMETER FOR TENSION

REINFORCEMENTS.

End 2 - Longitudinal

Moment Diagram of Critical Beam

COMPUTATION:

Mu = 19.815 kN-m fc' = 28 MPa

b = 300 mm fy = 420 MPa

h = 400 mm ϕ = 0.9

concrete cover = 40 mm β1 = 0.85

using 20 mm Ø rebar Es = 200000 MPa

using 12 mm Ø stirrups
 Solving for effective depth

d = height - concrete cover - diameter of stirrups - 0.5(rebar diameter)

d = 400 mm - 40 mm - 12 mm - 0.5 (20 mm)

d = 338 mm

CXXVIII. Solving for Nominal Moment Capacity

.
Mn = = = 22.017 kN-m
.

CXXIX. Solving for Steel Ratio

( . )( )( )
ρ= ( )

( . )( . )( )
ρ= ( )

ρ = 0.02125

Therefore, use ρ = 0.02125

CXXX. Solving for Ultimate Moment Capacity

ω=ρ

ω = (0.02125)( )

ω = 0.31875

ØMnmax = (ϕ)(fc')(ω)(b)(d2)(1 - 0.59ω)

ØMnmax = (0.9)(28)(0.31875)(300)(3382)(1 - 0.59(0.31875))

ØMnmax = 223.52597 kN-m

CXXXI. Check if Singly or Doubly Reinforced

ØMnmax > Mu

223.52597 kN-m > 19.815 kN-m

Therefore, USE Singly Reinforced Beam

CXXXII. Solving for Coefficient of Resistance

 .
Rn = ( )(
=
) . ( )( )

Rn = 0.6424 MPa

CXXXIII. Solving for Steel Ratio

( . )( )
ρ= (1 - 1 − )
.

( . )( ) ( . )
ρ= (1 - 1 − . ( )
)

ρ = 0.00155

. √
ρmin = or ( )
= 0.0031497 or 0.00315

( . )( . )
ρmax = ( )
= 0.021

ρmin > ρ < ρmax

Therefore, use 0.00315 for As

CXXXIV. Solving for Area Of Steel

As = ρbd = (0.00315) (300) (338)

As = 319.41 mm2

CXXXV. For Tension Reinforcement

a. Solving for number of bars

( ) ( )
Ad = = = 314.159 mm2

.
No. of bars = = .
= 1.017 ≈ 2 pcs

CXXXVI. Checking the Spacing

( ) ( ) ( )
S= = 78 mm > 20 mm; Okay!

THE PROPONENTS RECOMMEND THE USE OF 2 – 20 MM DIAMETER FOR TENSION

REINFORCEMENTS.
ROOF BEAM End 1 – Transverse

Location of Critical Beam

Moment Diagram of Critical Beam

 COMPUTATION:

Mu = 79.454 kN-m fc' = 28 MPa

b = 300 mm fy = 420 MPa

h = 400 mm ϕ = 0.9

concrete cover = 40 mm β1 = 0.85

using 20 mm Ø rebar Es = 200000 MPa

using 10 mm Ø stirrups

Solving for effective depth

d = height - concrete cover - diameter of stirrups - 0.5(rebar diameter)

d = 400 mm - 40 mm - 12 mm - 0.5(20 mm)

d = 338 mm

CXXXVII. Solving for Nominal Moment Capacity

.
Mn = = = 88.282 kN-m
.

CXXXVIII. Solving for Steel Ratio

( . )( )( )
ρ= ( )

( . )( . )( )
ρ= ( )

ρ = 0.02125

Therefore, use ρ = 0.02125

CXXXIX. Solving for Ultimate Moment Capacity

ω=ρ

ω = (0.02125) ( )

ω = 0.31875
 ØMnmax = (ϕ) (fc') (ω) (b) (d2) (1 - 0.59ω)

ØMnmax = (0.9) (28) (0.31875) (300) (3382) (1 - 0.59(0.31875))

ØMnmax = 223.530 kN-m

CXL. Check if Singly or Doubly Reinforced

ØMnmax > Mu

223.530 kN-m > 79.454 kN-m

Therefore, USE Singly Reinforced Beam

CXLI. Solving for Coefficient of Resistance

.
Rn = ( )(
=
) . ( )( )

Rn = 2.5758 MPa

CXLII. Solving for Steel Ratio

( . )( )
ρ= (1 - 1 − )
.

( . )( ) ( . )
ρ= (1 - 1 − . ( )
)

ρ = 0.00651

. √
ρmin = or ( )
= 0.0031497 or 0.00315

( . )( . )
ρmax = ( )
= 0.021

ρmin < ρ <ρmax

Therefore, use 0.00651 for As

CXLIII. Solving for Area Of Steel

As = ρbd = (0.00651) (300) (338)

As = 659.7578mm2

CXLIV. For Tension Reinforcement

a. Solving for number of bars

 ( ) ( )
Ad = = = 314.159 mm2

.
No. of bars = = = 2.100 ≈ 3 pcs
.

CXLV. Checking the Spacing

( ) ( ) ( )
S= = 78 mm > 25 mm; Okay!

THE PROPONENTS RECOMMEND THE USE OF 3 – 20 MM DIAMETER FOR TENSION

REINFORCEMENT.

Midspan – Transverse

Moment Diagram of Critical Beam

COMPUTATION:

Mu = 21.665 kN-m fc' = 28 MPa

b = 300 mm fy = 420 MPa

h = 400 mm ϕ = 0.9
 concrete cover = 40 mm β1 = 0.85

using 20 mm Ø rebar Es = 200000 MPa

using 12 mm Ø stirrups

Solving for effective depth

d = height - concrete cover - diameter of stirrups - 0.5(rebar diameter)

d = 400 mm - 40 mm - 12 mm - 0.5 (20 mm)

d = 338 mm

CXLVI. Solving for Nominal Moment Capacity

.
Mn = = = 24.072 kN-m
.

CXLVII. Solving for Steel Ratio

( . )( )( )
ρ= ( )

( . )( . )( )
ρ= ( )

ρ = 0.02125

Therefore, use ρ = 0.02125

CXLVIII. Solving for Ultimate Moment Capacity

ω=ρ

ω = (0.02125)( )

ω = 0.31875

ØMnmax = (ϕ)(fc')(ω)(b)(d2)(1 - 0.59ω)

ØMnmax = (0.9)(28)(0.31875)(300)(3382)(1 - 0.59(0.31875))

ØMnmax = 223.52597 kN-m

CXLIX. Check if Singly or Doubly Reinforced

ØMnmax > Mu
 223.52597 kN-m > 21.665 kN-m

Therefore, USE Singly Reinforced Beam

CL. Solving for Coefficient of Resistance

.
Rn = ( )(
=
) . ( )( )

Rn = 0.7024 MPa

CLI. Solving for Steel Ratio

( . )( )
ρ= (1 - 1 − .
)

( . )( ) ( . )
ρ= (1 - 1 − . ( )
)

ρ = 0.00017

. √
ρmin = or = 0.0031497 or 0.00315
( )

( . )( . )
ρmax = ( )
= 0.021

ρmin > ρ < ρmax

Therefore, use 0.00315 for As

CLII. Solving for Area Of Steel

As = ρbd = (0.00315) (300) (338)

As = 319.41 mm2

CLIII. For Tension Reinforcement

a. Solving for number of bars

( ) ( )
Ad = = = 314.159 mm2

.
No. of bars = = = 1.017 ≈ 2 pcs
.

CLIV. Checking the Spacing

( ) ( ) ( )
S= = 78 mm > 20 mm; Okay!
THE PROPONENTS RECOMMEND THE USE OF 2 – 20 MM DIAMETER FOR TENSION

REINFORCEMENTS.

End 2 - Transverse

Moment Diagram of Critical Beam

COMPUTATION:

Mu = 27.450 kN-m fc' = 28 MPa

b = 300 mm fy = 420 MPa

h = 400 mm ϕ = 0.9

concrete cover = 40 mm β1 = 0.85

using 20 mm Ø rebar Es = 200000 MPa

using 12 mm Ø stirrups
 Solving for effective depth

d = height - concrete cover - diameter of stirrups - 0.5(rebar diameter)

d = 400 mm - 40 mm - 12 mm - 0.5 (20 mm)

d = 338 mm

CLV. Solving for Nominal Moment Capacity

.
Mn = = = 30.5 kN-m
.

CLVI. Solving for Steel Ratio

( . )( )( )
ρ= ( )

( . )( . )( )
ρ= ( )

ρ = 0.02125

Therefore, use ρ = 0.02125

CLVII. Solving for Ultimate Moment Capacity

ω=ρ

ω = (0.02125)( )

ω = 0.31875

ØMnmax = (ϕ)(fc')(ω)(b)(d2)(1 - 0.59ω)

ØMnmax = (0.9)(28)(0.31875)(300)(3382)(1 - 0.59(0.31875))

ØMnmax = 223.52597 kN-m

CLVIII. Check if Singly or Doubly Reinforced

ØMnmax > Mu

223.52597 kN-m > 27.450 kN-m

Therefore, USE Singly Reinforced Beam

CLIX. Solving for Coefficient of Resistance

 .
Rn = ( )(
=
) . ( )( )

Rn = 0.8899 MPa

CLX. Solving for Steel Ratio

( . )( )
ρ= (1 - 1 − )
.

( . )( ) ( . )
ρ= (1 - 1 − . ( )
)

ρ = 0.00216

. √
ρmin = or ( )
= 0.0031497 or 0.00315

( . )( . )
ρmax = ( )
= 0.021

ρmin > ρ < ρmax

Therefore, use 0.00315 for As

CLXI. Solving for Area Of Steel

As = ρbd = (0.00315) (300) (338)

As = 319.41 mm2

CLXII. For Tension Reinforcement

a. Solving for number of bars

( ) ( )
Ad = = = 314.159 mm2

.
No. of bars = = .
= 1.017 ≈ 2 pcs

CLXIII. Checking the Spacing

( ) ( ) ( )
S= = 78 mm > 20 mm; Okay!

THE PROPONENTS RECOMMEND THE USE OF 2 – 20 MM DIAMETER FOR TENSION

REINFORCEMENTS.
DESIGN OF STIRRUPS
Maximum Shear:

Moment Diagram

COMPUTATION:

Vu = 151.717 kN ɸ = 0.75

bw = 300 mm λ =1

d = 338 mm

fy = 420 MPa
 I. Solving for shear strength provided by concrete

Vc = λ ′(bw)(d)

Vc = 0.17(1) (√28)(300) (338)

Vc = 91.214 kN

II. Check if the beam needs shear reinforcement

ɸVc = 0.75(92.214)

ɸVc = 69.1605 kN

0.5(ɸVc) = 0.5(69.1605)

0.5(ɸVc) = 34.580 kN

Vu > ɸVc therefore, shear reinforcement is needed!

III. Solving for shear strength to be provided by stirrup

Vs = ɸ
- Vc

.
Vs = – 91.2149
.

Vs = 111.0744 kN

0.66 ′(bw)(d) = 0.66√28(300) (338)

0.66 ′(bw)(d) = 354.128 kN

Vs < 0.66 ′(bw)(d)

IV. Solving for area of shear reinforcement

( )
Av = 2Ab = 2( ) = 226.195 mm2

V. Solving for stirrup spacing

smax1 = = = 169 mm ≈ 170 mm

 . ( )
smax2 = = = 856.731 mm ≈ 860 mm
. ′ . √ ( )

. ( )
smax3 = = = 904.78 mm ≈ 905 mm
. . ( )

Use minimum calculated smax

smax = 170 mm

VI. Number of stirrups and spacing

Along the depth

@ 50 mm spacing = 2 pcs

@ 100 mm spacing

338 mm - 100mm = 238mm

= 2.38 say 3 pcs

Length occupied by 3 pcs stirrups:

(3) (100mm) = 300mm

Length occupied has stirrups:

300mm + 100mm = 400mm

DESIGN OF COLUMN
 DESIGN OF CRITICAL COLUMN

Location of Critical Column

PU = 975.519 kN fy = 420 MPa

Ø = 0.65 ` f'c = 28 MPa

Initial ρ = 0.02

I. Pu from STAAD Analysis

PU = 975.719 kN

II. Selecting Column Dimensions

PU = 0.80Ф (0.85f'c (Ag - As) + fyAs)

975.719 x103 = 0.80(0.65) [0.85(28) (Ag - 0.02Ag) + 420(0.02Ag)]

Ag = 59147.103 mm2

Use 400mm x 400mm

Ag = 160000 mm2 > 59147.103 mm2

Therefore, the standard size of 400mm x 400mm is safe for the design of column

Adopting the Ag of 400mm x 400mm

III. Selecting Longitudinal Main Bars

975.719 x103 = 0.80(0.65) [0.85(28) (59147.103 - As) + 420(As)]

As = 1182.9421 mm2

IV. Number of Bars

Ab = (25)2 = 490.87

.
N= = .
 N = 2.410 say 4 bars

Use 400 mm x 400 mm column with 4-25 mm dia. bars

V. Maximum Spacing of Ties

Use 10 mm of size of ties

16 db = 16(25) = 400 mm

48 dt = 48(10) = 480 mm

Least lateral column dimension = 400 mm

Therefore, 400 mm controls!

DESIGN OF FOOTING
 DESIGN OF CRITICAL FOOTING

Location of Critical Footing

STAAD Analysis of Critical Footing

COMPUTATION:
 Pu = 975.719 kN

f’c = 28 MPa

fy = 420 MPa

cover = 75 mm

qa = 180 kPa at 2.0 m depth

γconcrete = 23.5 kN/m3

γsoil = 16.00 kN/m3

I. Assuming depth of footing is 2 m

hc = 500 mm

hs = 2 m – 0.5 m

hs = 1.5 m

II. Solving for effective soil bearing capacity

qe = qa + ∑γh

qe = 180 – 23.5(0.5) – 16.00(1.5)

qe = 144.25 kPa

III. Solving for size of footing

Afooting =

.
L2 =
.

L = 2.60078511 ≈ 2.7 m

IV. Solving for depth of footing

A = 7.29 m2

³ . . ³
I= = = 4.429 m4
Pu = 975.719 kN

.
qu = =
. .

qu = 133.843 kPa

133.843 kPa < 144.25 kPa OKAY!

a. Depth based on wide-beam share (d is in mm)

Vu1 = qu (A1)

Vu1 = (133.843)[(0.725)(2.7)]

Vu1 = 261.999 kN

( . )( )³
d= =
√ ( ) . √ ( )

d = 129.446 mm

129.446 mm < 425 mm OKAY!

b. Depth based on punching shear (d is in m)

bo = 4 (825) = 3300 mm

Vu2 = qu (A2)

Vu2 = (133.843) [(7.29) - (0.825)2]

Vu2= 884.822 kN

( . )( )³
d= =
√ ( ) . √ ( )

d = 178.800 mm

178.800 mm < 425 mm OKAY!

d= ( )
( )
 ( . )( )³
d= ( )
. √ ( )

Solving d by Quadratic Equation :

Where a = 179. 911089 d2

b = 29685.3297 d

c = -10615461.3

±√
d=

d = 174.034949 mm or -3339.04949mm

Therefore d = 174.035 mm < 425 mm OKAY! d = 200 mm (governs)

Determine steel area (d = 425 mm)

. .
Cantilever length = = = 1.15 m

V. Solving for total depth

hc = d + 1.5db + 75

hc = 200 + 1.5(25) + 75

hc = 312.5 mm < 425 mm okay!

VI. Solving for moment

Mu = q u b w ( )

. ²
Mu = (133.843)(2.7)( )

Mu = 238.961 kN – m

Mu = ɸMn

Mu = ɸRn(b)(d2)

238.96 x106 = 0.90Rn (2700) (4252)

 Rn = 0.544 MPa

VII. Solving for steel ratio

.
ρ= x (1 – 1− .
)

. ( ) ( . )
ρ= ( )
x (1 – 1− . ( )
)

ρ = 0.00131

. . √
ρmin = or = or = 0.0031497 or 0.00333333
( )

Therefore, use 0.00333

( . )( . ) ( . )( . )( . )( )
ρmax = x = x = 0.02125

ρmin > ρ <ρmax Therefore, use 0.00333 or As

VIII. Solving for area of steel

As = ρbd = (0.0033333) (2700) (425)

As = 3825.00 mm2

IX. Solving for number of bars

Using 25 mm bars; Ad = 490.87

( ) . ( )
S= = = 128.332026 mm say S = 120 mm
.

Using 25 mm dia. bars:

 ( )
Ad = = = 490.874 mm2

.
No. of bars = = = 7.792 say 8 pcs.
.