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    Structural Steel: Beam: Types of Beams

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    Rafael Cua
    The document discusses different types of beams used in structural engineering and their properties. It provides examples of calculating required beam properties like minimum section modulus and moment of inertia to satisfy stress and deflection limits for given beam loads and dimensions. Commonly used beam cross sections include standard hot-rolled shapes like W, S, M, C, T and L sections, with doubly symmetrical shapes being most efficient. Channels have good flexural strength but poor lateral strength and require bracing.

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    Structural Steel: Beam: Types of Beams

    Uploaded by

    Rafael Cua
    50 views7 pages
    The document discusses different types of beams used in structural engineering and their properties. It provides examples of calculating required beam properties like minimum section modulus and moment of inertia to satisfy stress and deflection limits for given beam loads and dimensions. Commonly used beam cross sections include standard hot-rolled shapes like W, S, M, C, T and L sections, with doubly symmetrical shapes being most efficient. Channels have good flexural strength but poor lateral strength and require bracing.

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    Lecture Note - Structural Steel_Beam

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    The document discusses different types of beams used in structural engineering and their properties. It provides examples of calculating required beam properties like minimum section modulus and moment of inertia to satisfy stress and deflection limits for given beam loads and dimensions. Commonly used beam cross sections include standard hot-rolled shapes like W, S, M, C, T and L sections, with doubly symmetrical shapes being most efficient. Channels have good flexural strength but poor lateral strength and require bracing.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    50 views7 pages

    Structural Steel: Beam: Types of Beams

    Uploaded by

    Rafael Cua
    The document discusses different types of beams used in structural engineering and their properties. It provides examples of calculating required beam properties like minimum section modulus and moment of inertia to satisfy stress and deflection limits for given beam loads and dimensions. Commonly used beam cross sections include standard hot-rolled shapes like W, S, M, C, T and L sections, with doubly symmetrical shapes being most efficient. Channels have good flexural strength but poor lateral strength and require bracing.

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    You are on page 1of 7

    CE-67

    Structural Steel:
    Beam
    C.A.

    Types of Beams

    • Beams primarily support transverse loads


    • They are subjected primarily to flexure (bending)
    • If an axial compressive load of substantial magnitude is also present with
    transverse loads, the member is called a beam-column.
    • A girder is a major beam that often provides supports for other beams.
    • A stringer is a main longitudinal beam, usually supporting bridge decks.
    • A floor beam is a transverse beam in bridge decks.
    • A joist is a light beam that support a floor.
    • A lintel is a beam spanning an opening (a door or window), usually in
    masonry construction.
    • A spandrel is a beam on the outside perimeter of a building that supports,
    among other loads, the exterior wall.
    • A purlin is a beam that supports a roof and frames between or over
    supports, such as a roof trusses or rigid frames.
    • A girt is a light beam that supports only the lightweight exterior sides of the
    building, as is typical in pre-engineered metal buildings.

    CA 1
    CE-67

    Types of Beams

    • Commonly used beam cross sections are standard hot-rolled


    including the W, S, M, C, T and L shapes.
    • Doubly symmetrical shapes, such as W, S and the M sections
    are the most efficient.
    • Channels have reasonably good flexural strength but poor
    lateral strength, and they require horizontal bracing or some
    other lateral support.

    Beam Bending Planes

    CA 2
    CE-67

    Flexural Strength in Steel Beams

    Flexural Strength in Steel Beams

    CA 3
    CE-67

    Compact Section

    Compact Section

    CA 4
    CE-67

    Lateral Bracing

    Lateral Bracing

    CA 5
    CE-67

    Beams (Bending)

    • Tension and compression on compact hot-rolled members


    simplified solution
    • Laterally supported
    • = 0.66
    • Criteria:
    – Flanges must be continuously connected to the webs
    – ≤

    – =
    – > < ; =
    – =

    – =

    Example 1

    A simply supported beam with span of 8 meters is subjected to a uniform vertical


    downward load equal to 50 kN/m acting on the plane of the minor axis of the beam
    section, which includes the beam weight. The beam is restrained against lateral buckling
    of the top and bottom flanges of the entire span. The material is A36 steel with
    = 248 and modulus of elasticity = 200 . The allowable flexural stress for
    laterally braced compact section is 0.66Fy. The allowable deflection is 1/360 of the
    span. Three compact sections are being considered as follows, with their respective
    properties relevant of this problem
    Section Moment of Inertia ( ) Beam Depth
    ( ) (m)
    W24x55 0.000558 0.598
    W21x62 0.000554 0.533
    W21x73 0.000666 0.538

    1. Which of the following most nearly gives the minimum section modulus ( ), in ,
    such that the maximum flexural stress will not be exceeded?
    2. Which of the following most nearly gives the minimum moment of Inertia ( ), in ,
    such that maximum deflection will not be exceeded?
    3. Assuming the shear stress is not critical, which of the sections being considered is the
    most economic section that is adequate for the given load?

    CA 6
    CE-67

    Example 2

    A 14 × 500 is used as a beam to support a concrete floor system. The floor is to carry
    a total load of 120 kPa. The beam is simply supported over a span of 7 m. The
    properties of the section are as follows:

    Depth, = 498
    = 56
    Moment of Inertia, = 3417 × 10
    Section modulus, = 13730 × 10
    = 7.32 /

    Assume the beam is laterally supported over its length and that the allowable stress in
    bending is 0.66 and in shear on gross section is 0.4 . Use A36 steel with =
    250 . Allowable deflection is L/360.

    1. Calculate the center-to-center spacing of the beams without exceeding the allowable
    shear stress.
    2. Calculate the center-to-center spacing of the beams without exceeding the allowable
    bending stress.
    3. Calculate the center-to-center spacing of the beams without exceeding the allowable
    deflection.

    CA 7

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