RIIOM Day 1 To 9 PDF
RIIOM Day 1 To 9 PDF
RIIOM Day 1 To 9 PDF
and Management
Introduction of candidates
•Hardware
c. Overview of Systems •Application of Operating System, Utility System Software
•Documentation
•IT Infrastructure
d. Troubleshooting •Network
•Operating System, Utility System Software
•Hardware
c. Overview of Systems •Application of Operating System, Utility System Software
•Documentation
•IT Infrastructure
d. Troubleshooting •Network
•Operating System, Utility System Software
Server virtualization enables multiple operating systems to run on a single physical server as
highly efficient virtual machines. Key benefits include: Greater IT efficiencies. Reduced
operating costs.
• No guest(client) operating system being aware that it is actually sharing anything at all
• Creating a virtual environment for any program to run on an existing platform as a guest
• The virtual environment running might be an Operating System, Storage device, Network
or an Application server among other things
Virtualization Business Benefits
Virtualization Architecture
Virtualization Architecture
Host machine or host computer:
• The computer on which the virtual machine software is installed (Virtual PC or VMWare, e.g.)
Virtual disk:
• One or more files that reside on the host computer that make up the VM‟s hard disk
Virtual network:
• The network configuration used by the VM
• Options include: bridged, host only, NAT and none
• VMs behave like just another computer on the network
Snapshot:
• A partial copy of a VM at a particular moment in time. Allows you to „go back‟ to the VM at that
particular state.
• Some programs allow saving multiple snapshots
Installation Steps
Installation steps (contd.)
Select “Next”
Installation steps (contd.)
Select “Next”
Installation steps (contd.)
Select “Next”
Installation steps (contd.)
Select “Next”
Select both
Installation steps (contd.)
Select “Next”
Installation steps (contd.)
Progress status
Installation steps (contd.)
Select “License”
Installation steps (contd.)
Select “Next”
Installation steps (contd.)
Select “Finish”
Installation steps (contd.)
Select “Yes”
Q. & A. Session
Virtual Machine
Creation Procedure
Create Virtual Machine
Select “Next”
Select “Custom”
Create Virtual Machine (contd.)
Select
Create Virtual Machine (contd.)
Select “Amount of
Memory of VM”
Create Virtual Machine (contd.)
Select “Network
Type”
Create Virtual Machine (contd.)
Select “Customize
Hardware”
Create Virtual Machine (contd.)
Select required
ISO file
Create Virtual Machine (contd.)
Click on “Advanced”
Create Virtual Machine (contd.)
Select “Legacy
Emulation”
Q. & A. Session
Operating System
Linux – CentOS EL. v7 / v6
Installation Procedure
Operating System Installation Steps
Operating System Installation Steps (contd.)
Operating System Installation Steps (contd.)
Operating System Installation Steps (contd.)
Operating System Installation Steps (contd.)
Operating System Installation Steps (contd.)
Operating System Installation Steps (contd.)
Operating System Installation Steps (contd.)
Operating System Installation Steps (contd.)
Operating System Installation Steps (contd.)
Operating System Installation Steps (contd.)
Operating System Installation Steps (contd.)
Operating System Installation Steps (contd.)
Operating System Installation Steps (contd.)
Operating System Installation Steps (contd.)
Operating System Installation Steps (contd.)
Operating System Installation Steps (contd.)
Operating System Installation Steps (contd.)
Operating System Installation Steps (contd.)
Operating System Installation Steps (contd.)
Operating System Installation Steps (contd.)
Operating System Installation Steps (contd.)
Operating System Installation Steps (contd.)
Operating System Installation Steps (contd.)
Operating System Installation Steps (contd.)
Operating System Installation Steps (contd.)
Operating System Installation Steps (contd.)
Operating System Installation Steps (contd.)
Operating System Installation Steps (contd.)
Operating System Installation Steps (contd.)
Operating System Installation Steps (contd.)
Operating System Installation Steps (contd.)
Operating System Installation Steps (contd.)
Operating System Installation Steps (contd.)
Q. & A. Session
VMware Tools Install Process in Linux
VMware Tools Install Steps
VMware Tools Install Steps (contd.)
VMware Tools Install Steps (contd.)
VMware Tools Install Steps (contd.)
VMware Tools Install Steps (contd.)
VMware Tools Install Steps (contd.)
VMware Tools Install Steps (contd.)
VMware Tools Install Steps (contd.)
VMware Tools Install Steps (contd.)
VMware Tools Install Steps (contd.)
VMware Tools Install Steps (contd.)
VMware Tools Install Steps (contd.)
VMware Tools Install Steps (contd.)
VMware Tools Install Steps (contd.)
Q. & A. Session
Virtual Network & Settings
VMnet0 – Bridge Networking
Bridged networking connects a virtual machine to a network by using the host computer’s network adapter. If
your host computer is on an Ethernet network, this is often the easiest way to give your virtual machine access
to that network. The virtual network adapter in the virtual machine connects to the physical network adapter
in your host computer, allowing it to connect to the LAN used by the host computer. Bridged networking makes
the virtual machine visible to other computers on the network, and they can communicate directly with the
virtual machine.
VMnet1 – Host-only Networking
Host-only networking creates a network that is completely contained within the host computer. Host-only
networking provides a network connection between the virtual machine and the host computer, using a host
network adapter that is visible to the host operating system. This approach can be useful if you need to set up
an isolated virtual network.
VMnet8 – NAT (Network Address Translation)
NAT gives a virtual machine access to network resources by using the host computer’s IP address. If you are not
able to give your virtual machine an IP address on the external network, you might find that NAT is the easiest
way to give your virtual machine access to the Internet or other TCP/IP network. NAT uses the host computer’s
dial-up networking or broadband connection.
Network Adapters in Windows 10
Virtual Network Settings Steps (contd.)
Select “Virtual
Network Editor”
Virtual Network Settings Steps (contd.)
Click here
To customize the
virtual network
settings
Virtual Network Settings Steps (contd.)
Select the
network interface
for bridging
Virtual Network Settings Steps (contd.)
Virtual Network Settings Steps (contd.)
Go to DHCP
settings to
customize
Virtual Network Settings Steps (contd.)
Virtual Network Settings Steps (contd.)
Dennis Ritchie
History of UNIX operating system (contd.)
First edition of UNIX released 11/03/1971. The first edition of the "Unix
PROGRAMMER'S MANUAL [by] K. Thompson [and] D. M. Ritchie." It
includes over 60 commands like:
• b (compile B program)
• boot (reboot system)
• cat (concatenate files)
• chdir (change working directory)
• Chmod (change access mode)
• chown (change owner)
• cp (copy file)
• ls (list directory contents)
• mv (move or rename file)
• wc (get word count)
• who (who is one the system)
History of UNIX operating system (contd.)
Year History
1972 Second edition of UNIX released December 06, 1972.
1972 Ritchie rewrote B and called the new language C.
1973 Third edition of UNIX released February 1973
1974 It was rewritten in C. Forth edition of UNIX released November
1973
1975 Fifth edition of UNIX released June 1974
1976 Sixth edition of UNIX released May 1975
1976 Bourne shell is introduced begins being added onto.
1979 Seventh edition of UNIX released 1979
1980 1BSD released late
1983 AT&T releases its first version of System V.
History of UNIX operating system (contd.)
System-V
BSD (1980)
(1983)
• Solaris (SUN)
• SUN OS 4.0 (SUN)
• AIX (IBM)
• ULTRA IX (DEC)
• IRIX (SGI)
• FreeBSD (Open Source)
• HP-UX (HP)
• NetBSD (Open Source)
• Digital UNIX (DEC)
• OpenBSD (Open Source)
• SCO UNIX (SCO)
History of UNIX operating system (contd.)
Year History
1983 The GNU project is first announced by Richard Stallman.
1985 Eighth edition of UNIX released February 1985
1986 HP-UX 1.0 released.
1986 Ninth edition of UNIX released September 1986
1987 Sun and AT&T lay the groundwork for business computing
1987 Unix clone operating system MINIX by Andrew Tanenbaum
1989 Tenth edition of UNIX released October 1989
1990 AIX was first entered into the market by IBM February 1990.
Free Software Foundation (FSF)
Year History
1983 The GNU project is first announced by Richard Stallman.
GNU – Project (contd.)
GNU
Nobody should be restricted by the software they use. There are four
freedoms that every user should have:
When a program offers users all of these freedoms, we call it free software.
www.gnu.org
Linus and Linux
Year History
1994 Red Hat Linux is introduced.
1994 Caldera, Inc was founded in 1994 by
Ransom H Love and Bryan Sparks.
1996 KDE is started to be developed by
Matthias Ettrich Ransom H Love Bryan Sparks
Matthias Ettrich
Linux distribution
CentOS Overview
Unique among business class Linux distributions, CentOS stays true to the open-source nature that Linux
was founded on. The first Linux kernel was developed by a college student at the University of Helsinki
(Linus Torvalds) and combined with the GNU utilities founded and promoted by Richard Stallman. CentOS
has a proven, open-source licensing that can power today’s business world.
CentOS has quickly become one of the most prolific server platforms in the world. Any Linux
Administrator, when seeking employment, is bound to come across the words: “CentOS Linux Experience
Preferred”. From startups to Fortune 10 tech titans, CentOS has placed itself amongst the higher echelons
of server operating systems worldwide.
What makes CentOS stand out from other Linux distributions is a great combination of −
Before starting the lessons, we assume that the readers have a basic knowledge of Linux and
Administration fundamentals such as −
• Cores that compose a computer operating system: file system, drivers, and the kernel
Linux operating system
• cat /etc/sysconfig/clock
• cat /etc/localtime
• rm /etc/localtime
• ln -s /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Dhaka /etc/localtime
• date MMDDhhmmYYYY.seconds
• date 092107362016.15
• hwclock --systohc
• date
• Hwclock
Lab based sessions
LAB:
Data Sources:
To handle data gathering, you can feed cacti the paths to any external
script/command along with any data that the user will need to "fill in", cacti will
then gather this data in a cron-job and populate a MySQL database/the round
robin archives.
Data Sources can also be created, which correspond to actual data on the graph.
For instance, if a user would want to graph the ping times to a host, you could
create a data source utilizing a script that pings a host and returns it's value in
milliseconds. After defining options for RRDTool such as how to store the data
you will be able to define any additional information that the data input source
requires, such as a host to ping in this case. Once a data source is created, it is
automatically maintained at 5 minute intervals.
Cacti – Graphing Tools (contd.)
Graphs:
Once one or more data sources are defined, an RRDTool graph can be created
using the data. Cacti allows you to create almost any imaginable RRDTool graph
using all of the standard RRDTool graph types and consolidation functions. A
color selection area and automatic text padding function also aid in the creation of
graphs to make the process easier.
Not only can you create RRDTool based graphs in cacti, but there are many ways
to display them. Along with a standard "list view" and a "preview mode", which
resembles the RRDTool frontend 14all, there is a "tree view", which allows you to
put graphs onto a hierarchical tree for organizational purposes.
Cacti – Graphing Tools (contd.)
User Management:
Due to the many functions of cacti, a user based management tool is built in so
you can add users and give them rights to certain areas of cacti. This would allow
someone to create some users that can change graph parameters, while others
can only view graphs. Each user also maintains their own settings when it comes
to viewing graphs.
Templating:
Lastly, cacti is able to scale to a large number of data sources and graphs
through the use of templates. This allows the creation of a single graph or data
source template which defines any graph or data source associated with it. Host
templates enable you to define the capabilities of a host so cacti can poll it for
information upon the addition of a new host
CactiEZ – Install Procedure
CactiEZ – Install Procedure (contd.)
CactiEZ – Install Procedure (contd.)
CactiEZ – Install Procedure (contd.)
CactiEZ – Install Procedure (contd.)
CactiEZ – Install Procedure (contd.)
CactiEZ – Install Procedure (contd.)
CactiEZ – Install Procedure (contd.)
CactiEZ – Install Procedure (contd.)
CactiEZ – Install Procedure (contd.)
CactiEZ – Install Procedure (contd.)
CactiEZ – Install Procedure (contd.)
CactiEZ – Install Procedure (contd.)
CactiEZ – Install Procedure (contd.)
CactiEZ – Install Procedure (contd.)
CactiEZ – Feature Settings (contd.)
CactiEZ – Feature Settings (contd.)
CactiEZ – Feature Settings (contd.)
CactiEZ – Feature Settings (contd.)
CactiEZ – Feature Settings (contd.)
CactiEZ – Feature Settings (contd.)
CactiEZ – Feature Settings (contd.)
CactiEZ – Feature Settings (contd.)
CactiEZ – Feature Settings (contd.)
CactiEZ – Graph of Local Host
CactiEZ – Install VMware Tools
OS Preparation
• Package update by yum tools Follow slide
• Install Java, Jre., Net-snmp etc.
• Stop iptables process and flash iptables existing rules
195 – 196
• Disable SE Linux
Application Manager 9
• Install Application Manager
• Modify /etc/rc.local file Follow slide
• Start Application Manager process 199 – 214
• Login through browser
Administrative Tasks
• Add monitoring nodes
• Create Monitor Group Follow slide
• Create Monitor & Add in Monitor Group
• Manage Dashboard
215 – 230
• Alarm Notification Settings
• Shutdown Process
OS Preparation (Package Update)
OS Preparation (Java, Jre. & Net-SNMP Install)
OS Preparation (contd.)
Pen Drive Format in Windows
Pen drive
format in
Windows
Pen Drive Mount in CentOS
Application Manager 9 Install Steps
Application Manager 9 Install Steps
Application Manager 9 Install Steps
Application Manager 9 Install Steps
Application Manager 9 Install Steps
Application Manager 9 Install Steps
Application Manager 9 Install Steps
File Modification (/etc/rc.local)
Application Manager 9 (Process Startup)
Note:
nohup is a POSIX command to ignore the HUP (hangup) signal. The HUP
signal is, by convention, the way a terminal warns dependent processes of
logout. Output that would normally go to the terminal goes to a file called
nohup.out if it has not already been redirected.
Application Manager 9 (Process Startup – contd.)
Application Manager 9 (Process Startup – contd.)
Applications Manager – Login Interface
• Username: admin
• Password: admin
Applications Manager – Getting Started
Applications Manager – Create Monitor Group
Applications Manager – Monitor Group (NOC)
Applications Manager – Select Monitor Type
Applications Manager – Add Monitor
Applications Manager – Monitor Add Successfully
Applications Manager – Monitor Dashboard
Applications Manager – Dashboard (contd.)
Applications Manager – Dashboard (contd.)
Applications Manager – Dashboard (contd.)
Applications Manager – Dashboard (contd.)
Applications Manager – Dashboard (contd.)
Applications Manager – Administrative Interface
Applications Manager – Notification Settings
Applications Manager – Notification Settings (contd.)
Applications Manager – Shutdown
Applications Manager – Shutdown (contd.)
Q. & A. Session
Day- 06 and 07
SmokePing
Latency Measuring Tool
About - SmokePing
Working Steps
VMware Workstation
• Configure virtual machine Follow slide
• Configure network in NAT mode 96 – 108
OS Preparation
• Package update by yum tools
• Install EPL repository Follow slide
• Install prerequisites 360 – 362
• Stop iptables process and flash iptables existing rules
• Disable SE Linux
OS Preparation
• Package update by yum tools
• Install prerequisites Follow slide
• Stop iptables process and flash iptables existing rules
376 & 363
• Disable SE Linux