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URBAN REVITALIZATION PLANNING PROJECT

Table of Contents
CHAPTER ONE 1
1.INTRODUCTION 2
1.1.BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT 3
1.2.BACKGROUND OF THE SITE 3
1.3.STATMENT OF THE PROBLEM 3
1.1.BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY 3
1.1.BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY 3

Type chapter title (level 1) 4

Type chapter title (level 2) 5
Type chapter title (level 3) 6
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CHAPTER ONE

1. INTRODUCTION

1.1. BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT

The rapid increase in population, urbanization and the change in socio-economic pattern in
the country particularly in the capital city HARGEISA over last few decades have resulted in
rapid increase in housing demands. This demand is also associated with need of land for
provision of services and amenities. Hence caused the emergent of slum settlements.
Urban Revitalization refers to a set of actions aimed at reorganizing an existing city structure,
in decline due to economic or social reasons. Local policies and strategies designed to deal
with urban decline, decay or transformation are termed as urban renewal or revitalization. A
primary purpose of urban renewal is to restore economic viability to a given area by
attracting external private and public investment and by encouraging business start-ups and
survival.
Urban revitalization or (re)development has emerged as a response to the urban decline
problem. The type and level of various interventions aiming at achieving urban revitalization
vary according to local needs and urban trends. As a result, a variety of terms that refer to this
redevelopment process are commonly used interchangeably. These include regeneration,
renewal, redevelopment, rehabilitation, conservation, restoration, revitalization,
reconstruction, refurbishment, renaissance etc.
The process of demolishing and reconstructing central urban slum for economic and urban
image aim there by creating better environment. It implies relocating the previous settlers to a
different area outside their neighborhoods.
The success of any attempt to rehabilitate/ revitalize/ regenerate/ renew or redevelop any area
there should be clear understanding of slum inhabitants aspirations and their perception of
wellbeing their needs willingness, choices and their inclusiveness in the process.
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1.2. BACKGROUND OF THE SITE

The site is geographically located southeast of the capital city of Hargeisa, Mahmoud Haibe
district, especially XIDIGTA From the west side there is Jamaaco mosque, east side there is
Musa Shiraaqle market, In a north side there is big market and Jama yare street And in the
south there is Dahir Riyale street.The city receives the bulk of its precipitation between the
months of April and September, averaging just less than 400 millimeters (16 in) of rainfall
annually.The site generally features cold winters and middle temperature in summers
averaging monthly from 18 °C (64 °F) in the months of December and January to 24 °C (75
°F) in the month of June according low level places in the city. However, despite its location
in the tropics, due to the high altitude Hargeisawhich is 1334m (4377ft) seldom experiences
either very hot or very cold weather.

1.3. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

Presently, rapid urbanization process and high population growth in the country, particularly
in Hargeisa, results mainly in shortage of housing, socio economic problems, unemployment,
inadequate of physical infrastructuresand social structure (schools, health centers, police
stations).Hence, our site experiences problems such as; the arrangement of the buildings in
the site are unsatisfied as they seems lack of urbanized. There is alsoroad network problem as
roads are narrow in size and have more congestions and traffic accidents because the houses
are so close together.
Furthermore, the site is facing problems associated with the security as thither is poor
security since it is close to avalley that can be result to give the thieves a high chance to
attack the people. Also there isLack of drainages as the water passes through the community
houses and these may cause them flooding's during heavy rain seasons.
In addition to the Unavailability of social centers such as open spaces,recreation areas and
parking areas.

1.4. OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

1.4.1. General objectives
 The general objective of the project is to get a sustainable environment and to
improve the built environment by replacing old, exhausted or under-utilized urban
area with new developments which are properly planned and, where appropriate,
provided with adequate transport and other infrastructure and community facilities.
1.4.2. Specific objectives
 Provide adequate, safe and efficient public utilities and services in a manner that
supports the community’s goals.
 Protect and promote our sites' natural environment and resources and lead the
community towards environmental sustainability by developing a balanced, cost-
effective sustainability plan.
 Develop an integrated mobility system that issafe and easily accessible to all travelers,
with standard road size.
 Promote site security services.
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 Design project that connects people to nature and balances the quality of life benefits
that parks, trails and open lands contribute to theCommunity with fiscal
responsibility.
1.5. SCOPE OF THE STUDY

1.5.1. Spatial scope of the study

 according to this study the area of our project’s site, spatial focuses on the on
the area bounded by your site , or simply you can mention the area for site in
hectares

1.5.2. Temporal scope of the study

 It’s about the time for the project study. This is going to take one semester
which starts from month…. To month in 2020

1.6. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

This data is significant to serve as reference to local government designers, urban
professionals, and other stakeholders in their efforts to undertake similar study on the subject
matter. It is also anatomize the current situation. In addition it helps the understanding of
urban renewal and their meaning. Furthermore, this study offers the students a lot of
advantages by developing a detail understanding about the overall urban level development
program.
1.7. METHODOLOGY OF THE STUDY
1.7.1. Primary data:
 Physical observation on the Site
 People (residents) and group discussions.

1.7.2. Secondary data

 From Base map
 From Books & websites.
1.8. LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY
As any study need many preconditions, such as time, finance, material and the human
resource to make a successful study, which sometimes could be a limitation. We
alsoexperienced some limitations:
 Time restriction due to academic stress (other courses).
 The site was insecure as it mostly slum area, and close to a dangerous valley.
 City lockdown due to the pandemic (covid-19).
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CHAPTER TWO

2. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

2.1. DEFINITIONS OF TERMINOLOGIES

Urban literature uses, often without definition, terms such as urban regeneration, urban
revitalization, gentrification, neighborhood renewal, rehabilitation, and relocation.
Urban renewal: - The process of demolishing buildings in a certain area and rebuilding on it
again in environmentally more suitable standards and better buildings.
Slum: - Urban residential areas environmentally unfit for human owing to the poor quality
and/or absence of basic physical, economic and social amentias.
Gentrification: - The systematic development of low income urbanities by higher income
households from other parties of the inner city or by sub urbanities returning to the central
city.
Rehabilitation: is the process of returning components of built environment to a state of
utility through repairing or alteration.
Relocation: - the process of transferring from their established neighborhoods to new area.
•To move or be moved to a new place.
•To become established in a new residence.
•To become established in place of business.
Inner city: Inner city here refers central part of Addis that represents the oldest and
unplanned part of the city.

2.2. URBAN REVITALIZATION

Is a program of land redevelopment often used to address urban decay in cities? Urban
renewal is the clearing out of blighted areas in inner cities to clear out slums and create
opportunities for higher class housing, businesses, and more. A primary purpose of urban
renewal is to restore economic viability to a given area by attracting external private and
public investment and by encouraging business start-ups and survival.
Modern attempts at renewal began in the late 19th century in developed nations, and
experienced an intense phase in the late 1940s under the rubric of reconstruction. The process
has had a major impact on many urban landscapes and has played an important role in the
history and demographics of cities around the world.

2.3. CONCEPTS OF URBAN REVITALIZATION

•Urban Revitalization programs are generally undertaken by public authorities or by local
governments.
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•The emphasis is on those parts which have fallen below current standards of public
acceptability. These are commonly to be found in:
 The residential parts of the inner city
 The central business district itself.
•Indicators for residential parts of inner cities are:
 Inadequate housing,
 Environmental degradation,
 Presence of non-conforming uses.
•Indicators for central business district are:
 traffic problems,
 congestion,
 Dilapidated buildings.

2.4. CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK OF URBAN REVITALIZATION

For this study, a ‘Dysfunctional Neighborhood Conceptual Framework’ is formed by an inductive
approach, integrating desk-based study and semi-structured interviews. An area-based case-study
approach is also taken to focus the development and discussion of the framework via the Housing
Market Renewal programmer in the UK between 2002 and 2011. The conceptual framework
brings together nine key components of neighborhood dysfunction that are often found in urban
regeneration and renewal policy areas. Framework components include: weak mix; social
exclusion; low demand and low derived demand; inappropriate supply; enduring housing market
failure; restricted finance and inappropriate investment; low-value housing; affordability;
overcrowding; and spillover effects. The paper argues that dysfunctional neighborhoods, which
are often the target of regeneration and renewal activity, need to consider the complex
components that make up their whole. This greater depth of understanding is important if all
neighborhoods are to have the opportunity to function well in a city.

2.5. INTARNETIONAL EXPERIENCE

2.5.1. DEVELOPED COUNTRY
Bursa, Turkey
Bursa is a city in north-western Turkey and the administrative center of the Bursa Province.
The fourth most populous city in Turkey and second most populous in Marmara Region.
Bursa is one of the industrial centers of the country. Most of the Turkey's automotive
production takes place in Bursa.
The earliest known human settlement near Bursa's current location was at Filipina Höyüğü
around 5200 BC.[3] It was followed by the ancient Greek city of Cius, which Philip V of
Macedon granted to Prusias I, the King of Bithynia, in 202 BC. Prusias rebuilt the city and
renamed it Prusa (Ancient Greek: Προῦσα; sometimes rendered as Prussa). After 128 years of
Bithynian rule, Nicomedes IV, the last King of Bithynia, bequeathed the entire kingdom to
the Roman Empire in 74 BC.
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Bursa in the early 20th century. Composed of a woman's silver toilet articles, it is now in the
British Museum.
Bursa (from the Greek "Prusa") became the first major capital city of the early Ottoman
Empire following its capture from the Byzantines in 1326. As a result, the city witnessed a
considerable amount of urban growth throughout the 14th century.
Geography of Bursa
Bursa stands on the northwestern slopes of Mount Uludağ in the southern Marmara Region. It
is the capital city of Bursa Province, which borders the Sea of Marmara and Yalova to the
north; Kocaeli and Sakarya to the northeast; Bilecik to the east; and Kütahya and Balıkesir to
the south
Climate
Bursa has a Mediterranean climate (Köppen climate classification: Csa) under the Köppen
classification, and dry-hot summer temperate climate (Csa) Trewartha classification. The city
has hot, dry summers that last from June until September. Winters are cold and damp, also
containing the most rainfall. There can be snow on the ground which will last for a week or
two.

Rainfall
This is the Average monthly precipitation over the year (rainfall, snow) Roads
Some roads were closed to traffic because of the asphalt, junction and tram and metro works
in Bursa.
Transportation
Bursa has a metro (Bursaray), trams and bus system for inner-city public transport, while taxi
cabs are also available. Bursa's Yenişehir Airport is 20 mi (32 km) away from the city centre.
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The citizens of Bursa also prefer Istanbul's airports such as Istanbul Airport and Sabiha
Gökçen International Airport for flights to foreign countries, due to Istanbul's proximity to
Bursa. There are numerous daily bus and ferry services between the two cities.
The 8.8 km (5.5 mi) long Bursa Uludağ Gondola (Turkish: Teleferik) connects Bursa with the
ski resort areas 1,870 m (6,140 ft.) high on the mountain Uludağ.
The only railway station in Bursa is the Harmancık station on the Balıkesir-Kütahya railway,
which was opened in 1930.
Bursa Public Transportation Statistics
The average amount of time people spend commuting with public transit in Bursa, for
example to and from work, on a weekday is 62 min. 12% of public transit riders ride for more
than 2 hours every day. The average amount of time people wait at a stop or station for public
transit is 18 min, while 31% of riders wait for over 20 minutes on average every day. The
average distance people usually ride in a single trip with public transit is 8.1 km (5.0 mi),
while 17% travel for over 12 km (7.5 mi) in a single direction
Land use
2020, in practice, amendment to zoning regulations and shanty and unplanned
settlements paved the way for a rapid increase of settlements in the study area. Settlement
areas of the city center with completed infrastructure do not discharge their domestic
dumping and waste waters into Nilüfer Stream or underground waters by means of
wells, rather, convey the same to BUSKİ collectors Besides, although there are settlements
which still discharge their waste waters into Nilüfer Stream, it is known that especially rural
settlements discharge their waste waters into Nilüfer Stream and underground waters due to
lack of infrastructure and control.
Ecology
In Turkey, it is observed that there is an overgrowth of population, resolutions on land usage
have deteriorating effects on natural ecological balance and consequently environmental
problems reached threatening levels for all life forms. It is important to remove the
impacts of urbanization, which consume irreplaceable natural resources, through planning
methods and techniques. Examination of the current land usage of Bursa Nilüfer Creek
Başköy – Kestel Section and its subbasins reveal that location organization was radically
changed due to industrialization, and functional areas such as settlements and industrial areas,
located on first class agricultural lands and on rock formation with geologically high
permeability, create pollutions on the natural resources forming the basin, over acceptable
parameters of international standards, as a result of governmental decisions.In this context,
it is seen that Bursa Nilüfer Çayı Başköy - Kestel section and its sub basins have been facing
an intense urbanization for approximately twenty years and a great pollution pressure
due to wrong land uses. Therefore, the pollution seen in the research area was
considered with a 20-year period and findings were evaluated, assessment were made to
see the type and dimension of ecological risks according to international parameters.
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You can select one city in least developed countries

Africa or asia

And

One in more developed countries in America or Europe