Chapter 3

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CHAPTER 3

METHODOLOGY

This chapter presents method and approaches of research used in

conducting this study. It shows the research design, research local, research

instrument and research respondents.

3.1. Research design

This study uses descriptive research design to determine the PMJ’s

Cakes and Caterings: marketing strategy and customer satisfaction. The

design is appropriate for the study because the researchers solely interested

in describing situation or case under the research study. It is a theory-based

research design which is created by gather, analyze and presents collected

data. By implementing an in-depth research design such as this, the

researchers can provide insights into the why and how of research. Ethridge,

D.E. (2004) “Research Methodology in Applied Economics” John Wiley &

Sons, p.24 says that descriptive research can be explained as a statement of

affairs as they are at present with the researcher having no control over

variable. Moreover, “descriptive studies may be characterized as simply the

attempt to determine, describe or identify what is, while analytical research

attempts to establish why it is that way or how it came to be”. Fox, W. & Bayat,

M.S. (2007) “A Guide to Managing Research” Juta Publications, p.45 says that

descriptive research is “aimed at casting light on current issues or problems

through a process of data collection that enables them to describe the

situation more completely than was possible without employing this method”.

The research utilizes quantitative research because it is implemented in cases

where it is important for a researcher to have statistical conclusions to collect

actionable insights.

Research Locale

The business that researchers chosen is the business where located

near the researchers school. This business is now having the name as PMJ’s
Cakes and Caterings at Neptune Street, Sanchez Subdivision, Polomolok,

South Cotabato.

Research Instrument

Questionnaires are helpful to be able to find out the different opinions of

every participant of the study. The questionnaire purely talks about the

marketability of PMJ’s Cakes and Caterings and its factors that affect the good

performance of service in the food chain industry. 30 questionnaires were

made for the 30 target respondents.

Interview is another instrument that is accurate and efficient. Especially,

when the person is an expert of the given field you wish to discuss. Structured

interview is one of the types of interviews that have a list of questions to be

answered by the interviewee as confident as he can.

The researcher used purposive research design which is a non-

probability sample that is selected based on characteristics of a population

and the objective of the study.

Research Respondents

The respondents of the study are the customers of PMJ’s Cakes and

Caterings which is relevant to the case and the resident entrepreneurs of

different stalls in the said establishment. By this, the researchers will be able

to know if customers took importance of the topic.

Statistical Treatment

Weighted Mean was used to determine the assessment of the

respondents with regards to their personal perception. The statistical

techniques used were weighted mean formula:

N = Total number of respondents

Xn = ratings

Formula:
X 1 ( Y 1 ) + X 2 ( 2 ) + X 3 ( Y 3 )+ X 4 (Y 4)
WM=
N

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