Cooling Systems Objectives

Cooling Systems Objectives
• Describe cooling system

• Describe cooling system types
Engine Cooling Systems • Identify components
• Theory and operation of cooling system
Matthew Whitten
Brookhaven College
Purpose Components
• The cooling system is used to maintain an
optimal engine temperature.
• Optimal engine temperature is high
enough to help emissions and not too high
to cause damage to the engine.
Coolant Operation
• Engine coolant is used to raise the boiling point • When a cold engine is started, the
coolant pump only circulates coolant
and lower the freezing point of the cooling through the cylinder head and engine
block coolant passages. Some of the
system. coolant may be diverted to the heating
system.
• Mix 50/50 • When enough heat is created to open
the thermostat, the water pump
• Ethylene Glycol based: circulates coolant throughout the
engine and into the radiator.
– Green/Gold • The hot coolant flows from the upper
tank of the radiator to the lower
– 30,000 or 50,000 service interval. radiator tank. Cool air passing over the
radiator fins removes heat from the
• Organic Acid Technology: coolant.
• From the lower tank, coolant flows
– Orange through the lower radiator hose to the
– Extended life coolant. coolant pump inlet.
– Only used in last body style cougars.
1
Water Pump Impeller
• Coolant is circulate • Water pumps use an
throughout the cooling
system to help dissipate impeller pump. This
and distribute heat. uses centrifugal force
• The coolant is circulated to pressurize the water.
by the use of a coolant
pump (water pump). • Impeller materials:
• Drives:
– Crank-Serpentine Belt
– Stamped steel
– Crank-Timing belt/chain – Cast iron
– Camshaft Belt – Plastic/Phenolic
– Camshaft Flange
– Electric
material.
Thermostat Jiggle Pin

• Purpose: • Trapped air in a
– Maintain the engine at an cooling system can
optimal operating
temperature. cause overheating or
• Restricts the coolant flow incorrectly indicate
when the coolant is cold. overheating.
• Once the temp increases • A Jiggle Pin is used to
to set point the purge the air from the
Thermostat opens which cooling system.
redirects hot coolant to
the radiator. • If air is present the pin
• Uses a heat sensitive will drop and open the
wax to open and close. orifice.
Cooling Fan Fan Drives

• Once the hot coolant is in • Types:
the radiator the heat
needs to be exchanged to – Viscous
the air. Increasing the clutch/mechanical
amount of air over the • May be thermostatically
radiator will increase the controlled or PCM
amount of heat controlled
exchanged to the air. – Electrical motor driven
• When a vehicle is driving • PCM or CCRM
slowly the cooling fan is controlled
engaged to increase the – Hydraulic pump driven
amount of air over the • PCM controlled
fins.
2
Viscous Drive Reservoir Types
• Viscous: having high resistance to
flow. • The reservoir types
• Components:
– Input shaft is mounted to drive
dictate the type of
pulley.
– Clutch housing is mounted to fan.
cooling system used
– Bi-metallic thermostat spring. on a vehicle.
• Operation:
– Hot air from the radiator heats the
bi-metallic spring causing it to turn
• Types:
the clutch control piston. – Coolant Overflow
– The clutch control piston
decreases the volume for the
viscous fluid.
– Degas Bottle
– The input impeller and output
wheel spin at same speed.
Overflow Bottle Degas Bottle

• In the “Overflow” system the bottle is
not a part of the pressurized cooling • In the “Degas” system the
system. bottle is a part of the
• States of operation:
– Any excess fluid/gas pressure is
pressurized cooling
pushed past the pressure cap to the
bottle.
system.
– In a system that is cooling the air
pockets are contracting. This • States of operation:
contraction is creating a vacuum. The
vacuum pulls coolant back into the – Normal pressure and heat
pressure system past the cap. expansion.
– Under normal operation the cooling
system pressures balance around the – Open area to separate
cap pressure. liquid from vapor/gases.
• Idea: to push out vapors/air and pull in
liquid coolant. • To purge system cap
• To purge this system the cap must be
installed an with multiple hot and cold must be installed and
cycles. coolant level must not
exceed “Max” level.
Pressure Cap Radiator Cross-Flow

• A Pressure cap is used to • Cross-flow radiator
maintain pressure on the uses side mounted
cooling system.
tanks. Used in low
• With higher pressure
profile applications.
comes higher boiling
points of the coolant. • Components:
• How can manufacturers – Outlet/Inlet
increase the operating – Core (horizontal flow)
temperature of their – Tanks
engines without using
different coolants?
3
Radiator Down-Flow Transmission Cooler
• The radiator tanks are • Transmission coolers
located on the top and are integrated into the
bottom of the radiator
radiator.
core. Used in high/narrow
applications. F series • Reasons:
trucks – Heat transmission fluid
• Components: – Cool transmission fluid
– Tank
– Core
– Flow downward
– Inlet and outlets

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Cooling Systems Objectives

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Cooling Systems Objectives

• Describe cooling system

– Only used in last body style cougars.

Thermostat Jiggle Pin

Cooling Fan Fan Drives

Overflow Bottle Degas Bottle

Pressure Cap Radiator Cross-Flow

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