TM CM L7 3 PDF

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The Theoretical Minimum – Classical Mechanics – Exercise L7.

3
𝒎
𝑳= (𝒒 ̇ 𝟐 + 𝒒𝟐̇ 𝟐 ) − 𝑽(𝒂𝒒𝟏 − 𝒃𝒒𝟐 )
𝟐 𝟏
𝒑̇ 𝟏 = −𝒂𝑽′ (𝒂𝒒𝟏 − 𝒃𝒒𝟐 )
𝒑̇ 𝟐 = +𝒃𝑽′ (𝒂𝒒𝟏 − 𝒃𝒒𝟐 )
𝒒𝟏 → 𝒒𝟏 − 𝒃𝜹
𝒒𝟐 → 𝒒𝟐 − 𝒂𝜹
Show that the combination 𝒂𝒒𝟏 − 𝒃𝒒𝟐 , along with the Lagrangian, is invariant under the above
transformations.

We replace 𝑞1 and 𝑞2 with the transformations.

𝑎𝑞1 − 𝑏𝑞2 = 𝑎(𝑞1 − 𝑏𝛿) − 𝑏(𝑞2 − 𝑎𝛿) = 𝑎𝑞1 − 𝑎𝑏𝛿 − 𝑏𝑞2 + 𝑎𝑏𝛿 = 𝑎𝑞1 − 𝑏𝑞2

We do the same with the Lagrangian.


𝑚
(𝑞1̇ 2 + 𝑞2̇ 2 ) − 𝑉(𝑎𝑞1 − 𝑏𝑞2 )
2
2 2
𝑚 𝑑 𝑑
= [( (𝑞1 − 𝑏𝛿)) + ( (𝑞2 − 𝑎𝛿)) ] − 𝑉[𝑎(𝑞1 − 𝑏𝛿) − 𝑏(𝑞2 − 𝑎𝛿)]
2 𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡

We know that 𝑎 and 𝑏 are constants and that 𝛿 doesn’t depend on time.
𝑚
= (𝑞 ̇ 2 + 𝑞2̇ 2 ) − 𝑉(𝑎𝑞1 − 𝑏𝑞2 )
2 1

Filip Van Lijsebetten 08/11/2014


filipvl@vanlijsebetten.be

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