Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 87 views

    Climate, Comfort, Building Design: Physiological Processes

    Uploaded by

    Valeria García
    The document discusses tools for modeling climate, comfort, and building design. It covers physiological processes affecting comfort, the effects of solar radiation and wind on temperature, parameters that influence thermal comfort including environmental and subjective variables. It presents models for assessing thermal comfort, such as the Predicted Mean Vote and Percent People Dissatisfied models. Standards for thermal comfort from ASHRAE and Europe are mentioned. The document outlines how to obtain weather data from Meteonorm and process it in Excel and Weather Tool to study climate and comfort. Methodology for such studies including determining comfort zones is also presented.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Climate, Comfort, Building Design: Physiological Processes

    Uploaded by

    Valeria García
    87 views18 pages
    The document discusses tools for modeling climate, comfort, and building design. It covers physiological processes affecting comfort, the effects of solar radiation and wind on temperature, parameters that influence thermal comfort including environmental and subjective variables. It presents models for assessing thermal comfort, such as the Predicted Mean Vote and Percent People Dissatisfied models. Standards for thermal comfort from ASHRAE and Europe are mentioned. The document outlines how to obtain weather data from Meteonorm and process it in Excel and Weather Tool to study climate and comfort. Methodology for such studies including determining comfort zones is also presented.

    Original Title

    Climate&Comfort 101110

    Copyright

    © Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    The document discusses tools for modeling climate, comfort, and building design. It covers physiological processes affecting comfort, the effects of solar radiation and wind on temperature, parameters that influence thermal comfort including environmental and subjective variables. It presents models for assessing thermal comfort, such as the Predicted Mean Vote and Percent People Dissatisfied models. Standards for thermal comfort from ASHRAE and Europe are mentioned. The document outlines how to obtain weather data from Meteonorm and process it in Excel and Weather Tool to study climate and comfort. Methodology for such studies including determining comfort zones is also presented.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    87 views18 pages

    Climate, Comfort, Building Design: Physiological Processes

    Uploaded by

    Valeria García
    The document discusses tools for modeling climate, comfort, and building design. It covers physiological processes affecting comfort, the effects of solar radiation and wind on temperature, parameters that influence thermal comfort including environmental and subjective variables. It presents models for assessing thermal comfort, such as the Predicted Mean Vote and Percent People Dissatisfied models. Standards for thermal comfort from ASHRAE and Europe are mentioned. The document outlines how to obtain weather data from Meteonorm and process it in Excel and Weather Tool to study climate and comfort. Methodology for such studies including determining comfort zones is also presented.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 18

    TS Diploma Environmental Modelling & Simulation Tools Term 1 2010-11

    CLIMATE, COMFORT, BUILDING DESIGN

    Simos Yannas 10 November 2010

    Physiological Processes

    1
    Physiological Processes

    Physiological Processes

    2
    Effect of Solar Radiation

    Effect of Solar Radiation

    3
    Effect of Wind

    8.00

    7 00
    7.00

    equivalent temperature reduction, K


    6.00

    5.00

    4.00

    3.00

    2.00

    1.00

    0.00
    0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50

    wind velocity m/s

    PARAMETERS AFFECTING SENSATION OF THERMAL COMFORT

    environmental variables
    • air temperature oC
    • mean radiant temperature oC
    • air velocity m/s
    • relative humidity %

    subjective variables
    • metabolic activity 1met = 58 W/m2 body surface area
    • clothing 1clo = 6.45 W/m2 K

    4
    ASSESSING THERMAL COMFORT

    Physiological MODEL (Fanger 1970; ISO7730-1993)

    Predicted Mean Vote (PMV)


    calculated from the values taken by the environmental and subjective variables

    ASSESSING THERMAL COMFORT

    Percent People Dissatisfied (PPD)

    5
    ASSESSING THERMAL COMFORT

    The ADAPTIVE Model (Humphreys et al 1970’s & later)

    6
    THE ADAPTIVE MODEL

    Neutral Temperature (Auliciems 1981)

    Tn = 17.6 + 0.31 x To
    where
    To = monthly mean outdoor air temperature oC

    Tc = Comfort Temperature = Tn +/- 5oC


    2.5
    2

    ADAPTIVE MODEL Tn = 17.6 + 0.31 x To

    Example

    To= 30oC Tn= 17.6 + 0.31 x 30 ~ 26.9oC


    Tc= 26.9 +/-2.5 24.4-29.4 oC

    To= 10oC Tn= 17.6 + 0.31 x 10 = 20.7oC


    Tc= 20.7 +/-2.5 18.2-23.2oC

    To= 0oC Tn= 17.6oC


    Tc= 17.6 +/-2.5 15.1-20.1oC

    7
    ASHRAE Standard 55-2004 (USA)

    European Standard EN 15251

    8
    9
    Where to find climate data?

    10
    Create Weather File & Process in Weather Tool

    • Find your location in Meteonorm Site Menu


    • Select User-Defined Data format
    • Select variables as shown
    • Generate and save hourly datafile
    • Open file (*.dat) in Excel and import data
    • Save file as *.csv format and exit Excel
    • Start Weather Tool and Open saved .csv file
    • Identify file as “Separated Value” and Open
    • Load converter file SY NEW.ccf and click Load
    • When Weather Tool opens, enter the correct
    Latitude and Longitude of your location and
    save the data file.

    11
    Create Weather File & Process in Excel

    • Find your location in Meteonorm Site Menu


    • Select the Format in which you wish your data to
    appear (e.g. “Helios” gives solar data for vertical
    surfaces of all four cardinal orientations; Meteo
    gives daily max and min air temperatures; “User-
    Defined allows user to select the variables)
    • Generate and Save Hourly and/or Monthly files
    • Open Meteonorm files (*.dat) in Excel to convert
    • Process the data in Excel as desired.

    12
    WEATHER DATA, CLIMATE & COMFORT STUDIES

    ABU DHABI MONTHLY DATA Excel Worksheet from Meteonorm

    Month Ta Ta dmin Ta dmx Tp RH SDd G_Gh G_Bh G_Dh G_Gk G_Gn Lg FF DD RR RD


    dry-bulb wet-bulb hours kWh/m2
    Jan 20.0 15.4 24.6 15.0 65 7.6 3.97 2.36 1.59 4.6 6.82 17861 4 0 23 1
    Feb 20.4 15.4 25.0 15.0 62 7.8 4.34 2.17 2.17 3.79 6.48 19756 4.7 0 23 1
    Mar 22.6 17.5 27.5 16.2 58 7.7 5.58 3.1 2.47 3.39 7.64 25374 5 0 18 1
    Apr 25.9 19.0 31.8 17.6 52 8.7 5.85 2.96 2.87 2.31 7.35 26724 4.3 315 7 0
    May 29.7 22.9 35.8 20.5 50 10.3 6.75 3.69 3.05 1.71 8.5 30938 4.5 315 2 0
    Jun 31.5 24.5 36.8 23.8 57 10.9 6.45 3.2 3.24 1.51 7.98 29901 4.4 270 0 0
    Jul 33.4 27.8 38.5 25.4 57 9.7 5.81 2.7 3.11 1.51 7.08 27064 4.6 180 2 0
    Aug 33.9 27.8 39.6 25.5 55 9.7 6.18 3.16 3.01 2.03 7.74 28725 4.5 180 1 0
    Sep 32.6 26.3 37.6 24.9 58 9.6 5.8 3.16 2.61 2.98 7.67 26853 4.2 180 0 0
    Oct 29.4 23.7 35.1 22.6 60 9.6 5.25 3.24 2 4.17 7.78 24129 3.9 0 1 0
    Nov 25.2 19.9 29.6 19.3 63 8.9 4.38 2.74 1.62 4.76 7.35 19846 3.9 0 6 0
    Dec 21.9 17.3 26.6 16.7 65 7.8 3.68 2.15 1.52 4.58 6.54 16649 3.8 0 19 1

    Year 27.2 20.2 59 8.9 5.34 0 2.44 3.11 7.42 24485 4.3 317 102 6

    NOMENCLATURE UNITS
    Ta Air temperature Temperature in [°C]
    Ta dmin: Mean daily minimum Ta Wind speed in [m/s]
    Ta dmax: Mean daily maximum Ta Sunshine duration in [h/day]
    Tp Wet bulb temperature Radiation in [kWh/m² mean daily total ]
    SD: Sunshine duration Wind speed in [ m / s ]
    RR: Precipitation Luminance in [ lux ]
    RD: Days with precipitation
    FF: Wind speed
    DD: Wind direction
    G_Gh Mean irradiance of global radiation horizontal
    G_Bh: Mean Irradiance of direct radiation horizontal
    G-Dh Mean irradiance of diffuse radiation horizontal
    G-Gvs Mean irradiance of global radiation, tilted plane, vertical South
    G_Gn: Mean irradiance of global radiation, on a plane tracking Sun (normal to direct beam)

    13
    Excel Graph

    METHODOLOGY FOR CLIMATE & COMFORT STUDIES


    • Determine likely range of clothing and activity for your
    building programme.
    • Determine adaptive comfort zones with criteria:
    (1) PPD equal to or lower than 20%
    and/or
    (2) Tcomfort = Tn +/- 2.5 (monthly)
    • These represent conditions you need to achieve in your
    project
    • Compare the comfort zones so derived with weather data for
    your location
    • Identify the passive design potential for your project.

    14
    ACCRA, GHANA 5N

    Weather Tool Graph from Meteonorm

    15
    Effect of Wind

    8.00

    7 00
    7.00

    equivalent temperature reduction, K


    6.00

    5.00

    4.00

    3.00

    2.00

    1.00

    0.00
    0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50

    wind velocity m/s

    16
    ATHENS, GREECE 38N

    MUNICH, GERMANY 48N

    17
    Software

    Download & install:

    • PMV Calculator (square 1)


    • Meteonorm (Meteotest)

    Download and install from AA File Server \\jupiter\ Unit Space\EE\Tools

    18

    You might also like