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    CM011l E01 Exp.3 DeJuan

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    Jarell De Juan
    This document summarizes an experiment on calorimetry. The experiment had three parts: determining the specific heat of a metal (cadmium), measuring the heat of neutralization between hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide, and measuring the heat change during a phase change of salt dissolving in water. The objectives were to verify heat flow equations, calculate specific heat and energy of phase changes using experimental data. The results were analyzed to determine specific heats and heat capacities. While heat was lost, limiting accuracy, the conclusion was that metals have lower specific heat than water.

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    CM011l E01 Exp.3 DeJuan

    Uploaded by

    Jarell De Juan
    113 views3 pages
    This document summarizes an experiment on calorimetry. The experiment had three parts: determining the specific heat of a metal (cadmium), measuring the heat of neutralization between hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide, and measuring the heat change during a phase change of salt dissolving in water. The objectives were to verify heat flow equations, calculate specific heat and energy of phase changes using experimental data. The results were analyzed to determine specific heats and heat capacities. While heat was lost, limiting accuracy, the conclusion was that metals have lower specific heat than water.

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    This document summarizes an experiment on calorimetry. The experiment had three parts: determining the specific heat of a metal (cadmium), measuring the heat of neutralization between hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide, and measuring the heat change during a phase change of salt dissolving in water. The objectives were to verify heat flow equations, calculate specific heat and energy of phase changes using experimental data. The results were analyzed to determine specific heats and heat capacities. While heat was lost, limiting accuracy, the conclusion was that metals have lower specific heat than water.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    113 views3 pages

    CM011l E01 Exp.3 DeJuan

    Uploaded by

    Jarell De Juan
    This document summarizes an experiment on calorimetry. The experiment had three parts: determining the specific heat of a metal (cadmium), measuring the heat of neutralization between hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide, and measuring the heat change during a phase change of salt dissolving in water. The objectives were to verify heat flow equations, calculate specific heat and energy of phase changes using experimental data. The results were analyzed to determine specific heats and heat capacities. While heat was lost, limiting accuracy, the conclusion was that metals have lower specific heat than water.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 3

    Experiment No.

    Calorimetry

    De Juan, Jarell P.

    CM011L-EO1

    INTRODUCTION

    A calorimeter is a device used to measure the amount of heat involved in a chemical or physical
    process. For example, when an exothermic reaction occurs in solution in a calorimeter, the heat
    produced by the reaction is absorbed by the solution, which increases its temperature. When an
    endothermic reaction occurs, the heat required is absorbed from the thermal energy of the
    solution, which decreases its temperature. The temperature change, along with the specific heat
    and mass of the solution, can then be used to calculate the amount of heat involved in either case.

    Objectives:
    The objective is to verify heat flow equations, calculate the specific heat of a material using
    laboratory data, calculate the energy of a phase change using laboratory data, and use units and
    dimensional analysis to aid in unfamiliar calculations

    EXPERIMENTAL SECTION

    Chemicals

    Part A.
    The chemicals used in Part A. are water and cadmium metal.

    Part B.
    The chemicals used in this part are Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) and Hydrogen Chloride (HCl).

    Part C.
    The chemicals used in this part are salt and water.
    RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

    Part A. Specific Heat of Metal

    Initial T Final T Mass


    Water 22.0 Celsius 25. Celsius 100.0 g
    Cd 100.0 Celsius 25.0 Celsius 58.953 g
    Calculations:
    𝐽
    𝑞 = 𝑚𝑐∆𝑇 → 𝑞𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 = 𝑚𝑐∆𝑇 → 𝑞𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 = (100.0𝑔)(4.184 )(25.0℃ − 22.0℃)
    𝑔℃
    =1255.2 𝐽𝑜𝑢𝑙𝑒𝑠
    𝑞 1255 .2 𝐽 𝐽
    𝑞 = 𝑚𝑐∆𝑇 → 𝑐𝐶𝑑 = 𝑚 ∆𝑇 → 𝑐𝐶𝑑 = (58.953𝑔 )(100 .0℃−25.0℃) → 𝑐𝐶𝑑 = 2.84 × 10−1 𝑔𝐶

    Part B. Heat of Neutralization

    Chemicals Volume Initial temperature Final Temperature


    HCl 50 mL 21.1℃ 27.6℃
    NaOH 49.5 mL 21.8℃ 27.6℃

    Calculations:
    𝑇𝑒𝑚𝑝 .𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻 +𝑇𝑒𝑚𝑝 .𝐻𝐶𝑙
    Average of the Initial temperature: = 21.45℃
    2
    Specific Heat of Solution: 3.87 J/g℃
    Volume: 49.5 mL + 50.0 mL = 99.5 mL

    1. Exact Volume of Solution = exact volume of NaOH + exact volume of HCl


    = 49.5 mL + 50.0 mL = 99.5 mL

    2. Mass of Solution = Density of Solution + volume of solution


    𝑔
    Mass of Solution = 1.04 𝑚𝐿 (99.5 𝑚𝐿) = 103.48 g

    3. ∆𝑇 = 𝑇𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑙 − 𝑇𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑎𝑙 = 27.6℃ − 21.45℃ = 6.15℃

    𝐽
    4. 𝑞 = 𝑚𝑐∆𝑇 = (103.48𝑔)(3.87 𝑔℃)(6.15℃) → 𝑞 = 2462.88 J
    Conclusion

    In this experiment, calorimeter was not completely isolated and heated was lost also before
    the hot water was poured into calorimeter and the room temperature (air-conditioned) is the one
    which affects the values of our results. Meanwhile, in the experiment determining the specific
    heat of metals, we got higher percentage errors these are due to heat loss to the surroundings
    while we are trying to transfer the hot metal objects, boiling point of metals are too long, room
    temperature, and apparatuses. However, we can conclude that the specific heat of metals is lower
    than the specific heat of water.

    Acknowledgements
    We give our gratitude to the following channel for giving us a better understanding in doing the
    experiment and the concept that is the subject of this experiment: North Carolina School of
    Science and Mathematics, Joanna Blanchard, 100patoms

    References
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8gHFaL2990U
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NZuU8BGj3uY
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZGTPBw5mTH0
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f7DL8n6yisA

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