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    Plant Establishment (Drum Seeder) PDF

    Uploaded by

    Analinda Suril
    This document discusses methods and equipment for planting crops. It describes traditional planting systems using direct seeding and transplants. It then focuses on modern planting equipment like direct seeders and drum seeders. Direct seeders uniformly distribute seeds in rows while drum seeders use rotating drums with holes to precisely meter and sow seeds. The document explains the parts and operation of drum seeders, noting steps like pre-germinating seeds, filling the drums less than 2/3 full, and controlling water levels after sowing.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Plant Establishment (Drum Seeder) PDF

    Uploaded by

    Analinda Suril
    88 views22 pages
    This document discusses methods and equipment for planting crops. It describes traditional planting systems using direct seeding and transplants. It then focuses on modern planting equipment like direct seeders and drum seeders. Direct seeders uniformly distribute seeds in rows while drum seeders use rotating drums with holes to precisely meter and sow seeds. The document explains the parts and operation of drum seeders, noting steps like pre-germinating seeds, filling the drums less than 2/3 full, and controlling water levels after sowing.

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    Plant Establishment (Drum Seeder).pdf

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    This document discusses methods and equipment for planting crops. It describes traditional planting systems using direct seeding and transplants. It then focuses on modern planting equipment like direct seeders and drum seeders. Direct seeders uniformly distribute seeds in rows while drum seeders use rotating drums with holes to precisely meter and sow seeds. The document explains the parts and operation of drum seeders, noting steps like pre-germinating seeds, filling the drums less than 2/3 full, and controlling water levels after sowing.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    88 views22 pages

    Plant Establishment (Drum Seeder) PDF

    Uploaded by

    Analinda Suril
    This document discusses methods and equipment for planting crops. It describes traditional planting systems using direct seeding and transplants. It then focuses on modern planting equipment like direct seeders and drum seeders. Direct seeders uniformly distribute seeds in rows while drum seeders use rotating drums with holes to precisely meter and sow seeds. The document explains the parts and operation of drum seeders, noting steps like pre-germinating seeds, filling the drums less than 2/3 full, and controlling water levels after sowing.

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    Plant Establishment

    Equipment
    A. Traditional Systems of Planting
    B. Planting Equipment & Machines
    1. Direct Seeders
    ✓ Types, Parts and Functions
    ✓ Operations

    2. Transplanters & Seedling Trays


    ✓ Types, Parts & Functions
    ✓ Operations
    PLANT ESTABLISHMENT EQUIPMENT

    Considerations to Plant Establishment

    1. Best Yield

    2. Least Cost

    3. Ease of Operation
    PLANT ESTABLISHMENT EQUIPMENT

    Factors to Plant Establishment and Yield

    1. Quality of seed

    2. Soil Type or Conditions

    3. Water Supply
    PLANT ESTABLISHMENT EQUIPMENT

    Two Types of Planting Methods

    1. Direct Seeded
    • Dry seeds
    • Pre-germinated seeds

    2. Transplanted
    • Seedlings
    PLANT ESTABLISHMENT EQUIPMENT

    DIRECT SEEDING
    Broadcast

    • Dry or pre-germinated seeds are sown by scattering on the wet soil surface.
    For dry land tillage, the seeds maybe incorporated lightly to the soil by a spike
    tooth harrow.

    Broadcast on wet soil Broadcast on dry soil


    PLANT ESTABLISHMENT EQUIPMENT

    TRANSPLANTED
    • A seedling bed is prepared where the rice seedling for transplanting will be
    grown. Seedling preparation takes 30 to 40 days before transplanting.
    • Manual transplanting by randomly-spaced or straight-rowed system. Requires
    20 (persons) labor force per hectare.

    Seedling Preparation Manual Transplanting


    PLANT ESTABLISHMENT EQUIPMENT

    Comparison of Methods
    Particulars Direct Seeded Transplanted
    (Broadcast by hand) (Planting by hand)
    Farm system Rainfed/upland Irrigated/lowland
    Suitable season Dry season Dry & Wet season
    Planting preparation 0 30-40 days nursery
    Seed rate 80 to 150 kgs / ha 40 to 60 kgs / ha
    Soil moisture at planting No standing water Up to 5 cm water
    Labor to planting 2 person / ha 20 persons / ha
    Weed Control/Mngt Difficult Slight
    Maturity 7 to 10 days early Normal
    MECHANICAL SEEDERS
    PLANT ESTABLISHMENT EQUIPMENT

    MECHANICAL SEEDERS
    • Seeds are metered and dispersed uniformly to the soil surface. It places seeds in
    straight rows which enables farmers to use a weeder and apply fertilizer easily.
    PLANT ESTABLISHMENT EQUIPMENT

    DRUM SEEDER
    Drum Seeder Parts & Functions
    PLANT ESTABLISHMENT EQUIPMENT

    DRUM SEEDER
    Drum Seeder Parts & Functions

    • Seed drums – Receptacles of the seeds to be sown. Rotates with the wheel
    axle
    • Metering holes – Perforations on the drums, where the seeds are dispensed as
    the wheels rotate when pulled.
    • Main shaft – length axle of the 2 wheels and where the seeds drums are also
    attached.
    • Ground wheel - Seed drums are rotated by the motion of the ground wheel
    without slippage to get a uniform and desired seed rate.
    PLANT ESTABLISHMENT EQUIPMENT
    PLANT ESTABLISHMENT EQUIPMENT

    OPERATIONS OF A DRUM SEEDER

    1. Puddle the land


    and level
    thoroughly.
    PLANT ESTABLISHMENT EQUIPMENT

    OPERATIONS OF A DRUM SEEDER

    2. Drain out excess


    water before
    sowing, but do not
    let the soil surface
    become dry.
    PLANT ESTABLISHMENT EQUIPMENT

    OPERATIONS OF A DRUM SEEDER

    3. Pre-germinate the
    rice seeds – do not
    let shoots become
    too long. Growth
    for 24h is usually
    sufficient
    PLANT ESTABLISHMENT EQUIPMENT

    OPERATIONS OF A DRUM SEEDER

    4. Air-dry the sprouted


    seeds in the shade
    for about 10-15
    minutes before
    sowing to facilitate
    singling/ separation
    of seeds
    PLANT ESTABLISHMENT EQUIPMENT

    OPERATIONS OF A DRUM SEEDER

    5. Sow the seeds with


    drum seeder. Do not
    fill drums more than
    2/3 full. Walk at
    steady speed.
    PLANT ESTABLISHMENT EQUIPMENT

    OPERATIONS OF A DRUM SEEDER

    6. At the end of the


    field, lift steadily
    the drum seeder
    and place it on
    and for the next
    line.
    PLANT ESTABLISHMENT EQUIPMENT

    OPERATIONS OF A DRUM SEEDER

    7. Do not irrigate for 2-3


    days after sowing to
    allow roots to anchor.
    Take care during the wet
    season as rainfall
    immediately after
    seeding may wash away
    the newly sown seeds.
    PLANT ESTABLISHMENT EQUIPMENT

    OPERATIONS OF A DRUM SEEDER

    8. Floodwater can rise as


    the seedlings grow to
    give better control of
    weeds.
    END

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