First Term English Exam: Page 1/2
First Term English Exam: Page 1/2
First Term English Exam: Page 1/2
Corruption in the health sector can mean the difference between life and death. Poor people are the most
affected. Medical staff can charge unofficial fees to attend to patients. They may demand bribes for
medication which should be free. Corruption also costs lives when fake adulterated medications are sold to
health services.
Without governmental control, public funds can easily disappear. World Bank surveys show that in some
countries up to 80 percent of non-salary health funds never reach local facilities. Ministers and hospital
administrators who embezzle millions of dollars from health budgets, or accept bribes give bad reputation to
qualified medical staff. Stolen funds also hamper efforts to beat major health challenges, such as Malaria and
HIV/ AIDS.
Governments need to publish detailed health budgets and financial information to be understood. As a
result, we can truck funds and prevent them from being stolen. Health workers need adequate pay and
guarantees that salaries will reach them on time. Governments need to tackle counterfeit drugs at source.
At the local level, we all have an important role to play. We must demand accountability from health
professionals and administrators. We can scrutinize clinic or hospital budgets. Or make sure we are aware of
official charges for free services. We must also demand public consultations over health services,
and to ensure equal opportunities.
http://www.transparency.org/topic/detail/health
3. In which paragraph is it mentioned that health workers should be well paid inorder to
stop bribery?
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B/Text Exploration:(07pts)
1. Find in the text words that are opposite in meaning to the following.
a)genuine (§1) …………b) hide (§2) …………c) insufficient (§3) …………
3. Combine the pairs of sentences using the connectors provided. Make the necessary changes.
such…that - providing that - in order to - so…that
a)Corruption is widespread. It is hard to eradicate corruption.
b) We stop corruption. We cooperate with the government.
c) Corruption is a dangerous phenomenon. It undermines the development in economy.
4. Classify the following words according to the pronunciation of their final “s”.
bribes - services - threats - funds - fakes - challenges
/ / /
s z iz
/ / /
Either topic one: Fighting corruption is not the duty of government only. It is the duty of citizens as well.
Write a composition of 100 words in which you say how you can, as a citizen, fight corruption.
Use the following notes:
- Keep your probity and integrity.
- Not to be involved in corrupt affairs.
- Be an honest citizen and servant.
- Join anti-corruption organizations.
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