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    Paclitaxel is a natural product derived from yew trees that is used as an anticancer agent in dogs. It works by promoting the assembly of microtubules and stabilizing them, which disrupts the normal cell cycle and inhibits mitosis. In dogs, it has a long half-life of up to 12 hours and is used to treat mammary carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and mast cell tumors. Common side effects in dogs are related to bone marrow suppression and gastrointestinal issues. Precautions must be taken when handling it due to its toxicity.

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    Paclitaxel is a natural product derived from yew trees that is used as an anticancer agent in dogs. It works by promoting the assembly of microtubules and stabilizing them, which disrupts the normal cell cycle and inhibits mitosis. In dogs, it has a long half-life of up to 12 hours and is used to treat mammary carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and mast cell tumors. Common side effects in dogs are related to bone marrow suppression and gastrointestinal issues. Precautions must be taken when handling it due to its toxicity.

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    Paclitaxel is a natural product derived from yew trees that is used as an anticancer agent in dogs. It works by promoting the assembly of microtubules and stabilizing them, which disrupts the normal cell cycle and inhibits mitosis. In dogs, it has a long half-life of up to 12 hours and is used to treat mammary carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and mast cell tumors. Common side effects in dogs are related to bone marrow suppression and gastrointestinal issues. Precautions must be taken when handling it due to its toxicity.

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    36 views1 page

    First Page PDF

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    Bella Mufidah
    Paclitaxel is a natural product derived from yew trees that is used as an anticancer agent in dogs. It works by promoting the assembly of microtubules and stabilizing them, which disrupts the normal cell cycle and inhibits mitosis. In dogs, it has a long half-life of up to 12 hours and is used to treat mammary carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and mast cell tumors. Common side effects in dogs are related to bone marrow suppression and gastrointestinal issues. Precautions must be taken when handling it due to its toxicity.

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    600  Paclitaxel

    Paclitaxel
    Pak’li tax’el
    Trade and other names: Paccal Vet-CA1 (veterinary formulation), Abraxane and
    Taxol (human formulations)
    Functional classification: Anticancer agent, Antineoplastic

    Pharmacology and Mechanism of Action


    Paclitaxel is an anticancer agent used in dogs for some neoplasms. It is a natural
    product derived from the western yew tree and obtained via a semisynthetic process
    from Taxus baccata. Paclitaxel is in the class of drugs called taxanes, which are
    tubulin-protein active drugs for treating cancer.
    From paclitaxel, there is also the semisynthetic drug docetaxel. These drugs differ
    from vincristine and vinblastine. They bind to a different site on the tubulin protein
    and promote, rather than inhibit, mitotic spindle formation. The mitotic spindles
    formed are aberrant and disrupt the mitotic phase of the cell cycle. These drugs pro-
    mote the assembly of microtubules from tubulin dimers and stabilize microtubules by
    preventing depolymerization. This stability results in the inhibition of the normal
    dynamic reorganization of the microtubule network that is essential for vital inter-
    phase and mitotic cellular functions. These drugs may be active in other parts of
    the cell cycle, as they induce abnormal microtubules throughout the cell cycle and
    multiple asters of microtubules during mitosis.
    In dogs, pharmacokinetic studies demonstrate that the terminal half-life may be as
    long as 12 hours in some dogs, with high volume of distribution.
    Indications and Clinical Uses
    Paclitaxel and the related drug docetaxel are used for a variety of cancers in people
    (e.g., breast cancer) as part of a chemotherapy regimen. In dogs, paclitaxel has been
    used for mammary carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, and perhaps other tumors.
    Paclitaxel also has been used in dogs for mast cell tumors (MCTs).
    Precautionary Information
    Adverse Reactions and Side Effects
    The human formulation, which contains Cremophor EL (polyoxyethylated castor
    oil) as a carrier vehicle, can cause severe anaphylactoid reactions in dogs and
    should be avoided. Adverse effects in dogs from the veterinary form are primarily
    related to bone marrow suppression. The most severe neutropenia usually occurs
    in 5-7 days after administration. Thrombocytopenia, vomiting, and constipation
    also are possible. As with many other anticancer agents, vomiting, diarrhea, and
    nausea are common.
    Do not use in dogs that are pregnant, lactating, or intended for breeding.
    Paclitaxel is a teratogen and can affect female and male fertility. Laboratory studies
    in the rat have shown reduced fertility, embryotoxicity, teratogenicity, and maternal
    toxicity.
    Contraindications and Precautions
    Because this is an anticancer agent, standard precautions should be applied when
    using this agent in animals. These precautions include following manufacturer’s
    recommendations for safe handling of the vials and syringes, and disposing of
    infusion supplies.

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