Prospectus C Shares January 2015 PDF
Prospectus C Shares January 2015 PDF
Prospectus C Shares January 2015 PDF
AI 5.1.1
PLACING AND OFFER OF UP TO 20 MILLION C SHARES AT £10 PER C SHARE AI 5.1.2
TO RAISE UP TO £200 MILLION* AIII 4.1, 4.4
AIII 5.3.1
AIII 5.4.1
AXIV.1.1
ADMISSION TO THE PREMIUM SEGMENT OF THE OFFICIAL LIST OF THE UK LISTING AXIV.1.4
AUTHORITY AND TO TRADING ON THE MAIN MARKET OF THE LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE
Investment Manager
Marshall Wace LLP
Sub-Manager
Eaglewood Capital Management LLC
Sponsor, Broker and Sole Bookrunner
Liberum Capital Limited
*The Directors have reserved the right, in consultation with Liberum, to increase the size of the Issue to up to 30 million C Shares
if overall demand exceeds 20 million C Shares, with any such increase being announced through a Regulatory Information
Service.
Liberum, which is authorised and regulated in the United Kingdom by the Financial Conduct Authority, is acting exclusively for
the Company and for no one else in relation to Admission and the Issue and the other arrangements referred to in this document.
Liberum will not regard any other person (whether or not a recipient of this document) as its client in relation to Admission and
the Issue and will not be responsible to anyone other than the Company for providing the protections afforded to its clients or
for providing any advice in relation to Admission or the Issue, the contents of this document or any transaction or arrangement
referred to herein. Apart from the responsibilities and liabilities, if any, which may be imposed on Liberum by the FSMA or the
regulatory regime established thereunder, Liberum does not make any representation express or implied in relation to, nor
accepts any responsibility whatsoever for, the contents of this document or any other statement made or purported to be
made by it or on its behalf in connection with the Company, the C Shares or the Issue. Liberum accordingly, to the fullest extent
permissible by law, disclaims all and any responsibility or liability whether arising in tort, contract or otherwise which it might
have in respect of this document or any other statement.
The C Shares have not been and will not be registered under the United States Securities Act of 1933 (as amended) (the
“Securities Act”) or with any securities regulatory authority of any state or other jurisdiction of the United States, and may not
be offered or sold within the United States or to, or for the account or benefit of, US Persons (as defined in Regulation S under
the Securities Act (“Regulation S”)). In addition, the Company has not been and will not be registered under the US Investment
Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “US Investment Company Act”), and the recipient of this document will not be entitled
to the benefits of that Act. This document must not be distributed into the United States or to US Persons. Neither the US
Securities and Exchange Commission nor any US state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities
or determined if this document is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a US criminal offence.
This document does not constitute an offer to sell, or the solicitation of an offer to acquire or subscribe for, C Shares in any
jurisdiction where such offer or solicitation is unlawful or would impose any unfulfilled registration, qualification, publication or
approval requirements on the Company or Liberum. The C Shares have not been, and will not be, registered under the securities
laws, or with any securities regulatory authority of, any member state of the EEA (other than the United Kingdom) or any province
or territory of Australia, Canada, the Republic of South Africa or Japan. Subject to certain exceptions, the C Shares may not,
directly or indirectly, be offered, sold, taken up or delivered in, into or from any member state of the EEA (other than the United
Kingdom), Australia, Canada, the Republic of South Africa or Japan or to or for the account or benefit of any national, resident
or citizen or any person resident in any member state of the EEA (other than the United Kingdom), Australia, Canada, the
Republic of South Africa or Japan. This document does not constitute an offer to sell or a solicitation of an offer to purchase
or subscribe for C Shares in any jurisdiction in which such offer or solicitation is unlawful or would impose any unfulfilled
registration, publication or approval requirements on the Company. The distribution of this document in other jurisdictions may
be restricted by law and therefore persons into whose possession this document comes should inform themselves of and
observe any restrictions.
2
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Summary 4
Risk Factors 18
Important Notices 35
Expected Timetable 38
Issue Statistics 38
Dealing Codes 38
Part VI UK Taxation 93
Part VIII Terms and Conditions of Application under the Placing 120
3
SUMMARY
Summaries are made up of disclosure requirements known as “Elements”. These elements are numbered
in Sections A-E (A. 1-E.7). This summary contains all the Elements required to be included in a summary for
this type of securities and issuer. Some Elements are not required to be addressed which means there may
be gaps in the numbering sequence of the Elements. Even though an Element may be required to be inserted
into the summary because of the type of securities and issuer, it is possible that no relevant information can
be given regarding the Element. In this case a short description of the Element is included in the summary
with the mention of “not applicable”.
A.1. Warning This summary should be read as an introduction to this Prospectus. Any
decision to invest in the securities should be based on consideration of the
Prospectus as a whole by the investor. Where a claim relating to the
information contained in this Prospectus is brought before a court, the
plaintiff investor might, under the national legislation of the Member States,
have to bear the costs of translating this Prospectus before the legal
proceedings are initiated. Civil liability attaches only to those persons who
have tabled the summary including any translation thereof, but only if the
summary is misleading, inaccurate or inconsistent when read together with
the other parts of this Prospectus or it does not provide, when read
together with the other parts of this Prospectus, key information in order
to aid investors when considering whether to invest in such securities.
A.2. Subsequent The Company consents to the use of this Prospectus by financial
resale of intermediaries in connection with the subsequent resale or final placement
securities or final of securities by financial intermediaries.
placement of
securities The offer period within which any subsequent resale or final placement of
through financial securities by financial intermediaries can be made and for which consent
intermediaries to use this Prospectus is given commences on 12 January 2015 and closes
at 5.00 p.m. on 26 January 2015, unless closed prior to that date.
Section B – Issuer
B.2. Domicile and The Company was incorporated in England and Wales on 6 December
legal form 2013 with registered number 8805459 as a public company limited by
shares under the Act. The principal legislation under which the Company
operates is the Act.
B.3. Current The Group invests in Credit Assets which have been originated via
operations Platforms, primarily in the US and Europe.
4
B.4.a Known trends In the UK, peer-to-peer lending became subject to increased regulation
affecting the with effect from 1 April 2014. The Company currently holds an interim
issuer permission from the FCA for consumer credit regulated activities. The
Company will, between 1 August 2015 and 31 October 2015, be required
to seek full authorisation from the FCA to carry on consumer credit
regulated activities. The current market in which the Company participates
is competitive and rapidly changing. In the United States, the regulatory
environment for peer-to-peer loans and securitisation is increasingly
dynamic and multilateral, and new statutes that may impact the industry
await implementation. The Company may face increasing competition for
access to loans as the peer-to-peer lending industry continues to evolve.
B.5. Group The Company is the holding company of a group consisting of the
description Company and Eaglewood SPV I LP, a Delaware limited partnership and
P2PCL1 PLC, a limited liability company incorporated in England and
Wales. The Company holds all of the limited partnership interests in
Eaglewood SPV I LP and one Class A Share in P2PCL1 PLC.
B.6. Major So far as is known to the Company by virtue of the notifications made to it
shareholders pursuant to the Disclosure and Transparency Rules, as at the Latest
Practicable Date, the following persons held, directly or indirectly, three per
cent. or more of the Company’s voting rights:
Number of % of
Name voting rights held voting rights
All Shareholders have the same voting rights in respect of the share capital
of the Company.
The Company and the Directors are not aware of any person who, directly
or indirectly, jointly or severally, exercises or could exercise control over the
Company.
5
B.7. Key financial The financial information below illustrates the audited net assets as at
information 30 September 2014:
30 September 2014
£
Non-current assets:
Investment assets designated as held at
fair value through profit or loss 161,392,603
Loans at amortised cost 29,537,230
––––––––––––––
190,929,833
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Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents 7,188,643
Cash pledged as collateral 2,050,000
Other current assets and prepaid expenses 201,050
––––––––––––––
9,439,693
––––––––––––––
Total assets 200,369,526
Current liabilities
Derivative financial instruments 1,576,225
Investment management fees payable 54,670
Accrued expenses and other liabilities 193,086
––––––––––––––
1,823,981
––––––––––––––
Total assets less current liabilities 198,545,545
––––––––––––––
––––––––––––––
Save to the extent disclosed below, as at the date of this document, there
has been no significant change in the financial or trading position of the
Company since 30 September 2014, being the end of the last period for
which audited financial information has been published.
B.8. Key pro forma Not applicable. No pro forma financial information is included in this
financial document.
information
B.10. Description of Not applicable. The accountant’s report on the historical financial
the nature of information contained in this document is not qualified.
any
qualifications in
the audit report
on the historical
financial
information
B.11. Insufficiency of Not applicable. In the opinion of the Company, the working capital available
working capital to the Group is sufficient for its present requirements, namely for at least
12 months from the date of this document.
6
The Company invests in consumer loans, SME loans, advances against
corporate trade receivables and/or purchases of corporate trade
receivables (“Credit Assets”) which have been originated via Platforms. The
Company will typically seek to invest in Credit Assets with targeted net
annualised returns of 5 to 15 per cent.
The Company purchases Credit Assets directly (via Platforms) and also
invests in Credit Assets indirectly via other investment funds (including those
managed by the Investment Manager, the Sub-Manager or their affiliates)
that it deems suitable with a view to enhancing Shareholder returns and
providing diversification of the Company’s assets. The Company’s
investments in Credit Assets may be made through subsidiaries of the
Company.
The Company may also invest (in aggregate) up to 5 per cent. of Gross
Assets (at the time of investment) in the listed or unlisted securities issued
by one or more Platforms. This restriction shall not apply to any
consideration paid by the Company for the issue to it of any convertible
securities by a Platform. However, it will apply to any consideration payable
by the Company at the time of exercise of any such convertible securities
or any warrants issued by a Platform.
Platform restrictions
The Company will not invest more than 33 per cent. of Gross Assets via
any single Platform. This limit may be increased to 66 per cent. of Gross
Assets via any single Platform, provided that where this limit is so increased
in respect of any Platform the Company does not invest an amount which
is greater than 25 per cent. (by value) of the total loan origination of the
preceding calendar year through such Platform.
The Company will not invest more than 20 per cent. of Gross Assets, at
the time of investment, via any single investment fund investing in Credit
Assets. The Company will not invest, in aggregate, more than 60 per cent.
of Gross Assets, at the time of investment, in other investment funds that
invest in Credit Assets.
The Company will not invest more than 10 per cent. of its Gross Assets, at
the time of investment, in other listed closed-ended investment funds,
whether managed by the Investment Manager or not, except that this
restriction shall not apply to investments in listed closed-ended investment
funds which themselves have stated investment policies to invest no more
than 15 per cent. of their gross assets in other listed closed-ended
investment funds.
7
on a look-through basis to any Credit Assets held by another investment
fund in which the Company invests:
No single consumer loan acquired by the Company shall exceed 0.25 per
cent. of Gross Assets.
No single SME loan acquired by the Company shall exceed 5.0 per cent.
of Gross Assets.
At least 10 per cent. (but not more than 75 per cent.) of Gross Assets will
be maintained in consumer Credit Assets, not more than 50 per cent. of
Gross Assets will be maintained in SME Credit Assets and not more than
50 per cent. of Gross Assets will be maintained in trade receivable assets.
The Company will maintain at least 10 per cent. of Gross Assets in Credit
Assets in Europe and at least 10 per cent. of Gross Assets in Credit Assets
in the United States.
Other restrictions
The Company may invest in cash, cash equivalents and fixed income
instruments for cash management purposes and with a view to enhancing
returns to Shareholders or mitigating credit exposure. However, the
Company will only invest in fixed income instruments of investment grade.
B.35 Borrowing limits Borrowings may be employed at the level of the Company and at the level
of any investee entity (including any other investment fund in which the
Company invests or any special purpose vehicle (“SPV”) that may be
established by the Company in connection with obtaining leverage against
any of its assets).
The aggregate leverage of the Company and any investee entity (on a look-
through basis) shall not exceed 1.5 times Net Asset Value.
The Company may seek to securitise all or parts of its portfolio of Credit
Assets and may establish one or more SPVs in connection with any such
securitisation.
B.37. Typical investor The Issue is designed to be suitable for institutional investors and
professionally-advised private investors seeking exposure to alternative
finance investments and related instruments, including P2P loans. The C
8
Shares may also be suitable for investors who are financially sophisticated,
non-advised private investors who are capable of evaluating the risks and
merits of such an investment and who have sufficient resources to bear
any loss which may result from such an investment. Such investors may
wish to consult an independent financial adviser who specialises in advising
on the acquisition of shares and other securities before investing in C
Shares in the Issue.
B.38. Investment of Not applicable. The Company will not invest more than 20 per cent. of its
20 per cent. or gross assets in a single underlying asset or in one or more collective
more of gross investment undertakings which may in turn invest more than 20 per cent.
assets in single of gross assets in other collective investment undertakings.
underlying asset
or collective
investment
undertaking
B.39. Investment of Not applicable. The Company will not invest more than 40 per cent. of its
40 per cent. or gross assets in another collective investment undertaking.
more of gross
assets in
another
collective
investment
undertaking
9
the calculation of Net Asset Value for the purposes of determining the
Management Fee.
Performance fee
The Investment Manager is also entitled to a performance fee calculated
by reference to the movements in the Adjusted Net Asset Value since the
end of the Calculation Period (as defined below) in respect of which a
performance fee was last earned or First Admission if no performance fee
has yet been earned (the “High Water Mark”).
The performance fee will be a sum equal to 15 per cent. of such amount (if
positive) and will only be payable if the Adjusted Net Asset Value at the end
of a Calculation Period exceeds the High Water Mark.
Sub-Manager
The Investment Manager has, pursuant to the Sub-Management
Agreement, delegated certain of its responsibilities and functions, including
its discretionary management of the Company’s portfolio of Credit Assets,
to the Sub-Manager, Eaglewood Capital Management LLC. The Sub-
Manager is an affiliate of the Investment Manager. The Sub-Manager is a
Delaware limited liability company and is registered with the SEC as an
investment adviser under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as
amended.
10
general administrative functions, such as the calculation of the Net Asset
Value and maintenance of the Group’s accounting records.
Under the terms of the External Valuer Agreement, the Company has
appointed the External Valuer to provide valuation services in respect of
any Designated Investments.
Company Secretary
Capita Registrars Limited has been appointed as the company secretary
of the Company. The Company Secretary provides the general secretarial
functions required by the Act and is responsible for the maintenance of the
Company’s statutory records.
Registrar
Capita Asset Services has been appointed as the Company’s registrar to
provide share registration services. Under the terms of the Registrar
Agreement, the Registrar is entitled to an annual maintenance fee of £1.25
per Shareholder account per annum, subject to a minimum fee of £2,500
per annum (exclusive of VAT).
Depositary
Deutsche Bank Luxembourg S.A. has been appointed as the Company’s
depositary for the purposes of the AIFM Directive. Under the terms of the
Depositary Agreement, the Depositary is entitled to a fee of up to 0.025
per cent. per annum of Net Asset Value, subject to a minimum monthly fee
of £3,000 (exclusive of VAT). Subject to the terms of the AIFM Directive and
the Depositary Agreement, the Depositary is entitled to delegate its custody
and safe-keeping functions. It is intended that title to the Company’s assets
will ordinarily be registered or held directly in the name of the Company or
a wholly-owned SPV and that the Company will generally not invest in
financial instruments that are required to be held in custody within the
meaning of Article 21(8)(a) of the AIFM Directive. Notwithstanding such
intention, there is the possibility that investments in such financial
instruments may be made and/or applicable law or regulations from time
to time in force may require title to some or all of the Company’s assets to
be registered in the name of the Depositary or its delegates. In such event,
the Depositary may wish to delegate its safekeeping function with respect
to such asset(s) to one or more sub-custodians (who may be an affiliate of
the Depositary) and may wish to enter an arrangement to contractually
discharge itself of liability. Investors will be informed of any such
arrangements, and any increase to the depositary fees charged as a result,
in accordance with the disclosure requirements under the AIFM Directive.
Any fees and expenses of a sub-custodian will be payable by the Company
in addition to the fees charged by the Depositary.
Broker
Liberum has been appointed as corporate broker to the Company. Under
the terms of the Broker Agreement, Liberum is entitled to a fee of £50,000
per annum (exclusive of VAT).
11
B.41. Regulatory The Investment Manager is authorised and regulated by the FCA. The
status of Depositary is authorised and regulated by the Commission de Surveillance
investment du Secteur Financier of Luxembourg (the “CSSF”).
manager and
depositary
B.42. Calculation and The unaudited Net Asset Value per Share is calculated by the Administrator
publication of on a monthly basis. Such calculations are published monthly through a
Net Asset Value Regulatory Information Service and are available through the Company’s
website.
B.43. Cross liability Not applicable. The Company is not an umbrella collective investment
undertaking and as such there is no cross liability between classes or
investment in another collective investment undertaking.
B.45. Portfolio As at the Latest Practicable Date, the Company had deployed 89.86 per
cent. of the net proceeds of the First Placing and Offer (“Net Proceeds”) in
European and US consumer and SME Credit Assets and in equity issued
by Platforms, with the balance being held as cash and other assets in
accordance with the Company’s investment policy. The table below
illustrates the portfolio composition as at the Latest Practicable Date, and
has been produced from unaudited Investment Manager management
accounts:
Credit Assets
Credit Assets held indirectly
held directly via other
via Platforms investment funds
B.46. Net Asset Value As at 30 November 2014, the unaudited Net Asset Value per Ordinary
Share was 996.80 pence.
Section C – Securities
12
C.2. Currency Sterling
denomination of
C Shares and
Ordinary Shares
C.3. Details of share Set out below is the issued share capital of the Company as at the date of
capital this document:
Nominal Value (£) Number
C.4. Rights attaching The holders of the C Shares and Ordinary Shares shall only be entitled to
to the C Shares receive, and to participate in, any dividends declared in relation to the
and Ordinary relevant class of shares that they hold.
Shares
On a winding-up or a return of capital by the Company, if there are C Shares
in issue, the net assets of the Company attributable to the C Shares shall
be divided pro rata among the holders of the C Shares. For so long as C
Shares are in issue, and without prejudice to the Company’s obligations
under the Act, the assets attributable to the C Shares shall, at all times, be
separately identified and shall have allocated to them such proportion of
the expenses or liabilities of the Company as the Directors fairly consider
to be attributable to the C Shares.
The C Shares and the Ordinary Shares shall carry the right to receive notice
of, attend and vote at general meetings of the Company.
The Company has no fixed life but, pursuant to the Articles, an ordinary
resolution for the continuation of the Company will be proposed at the
annual general meeting of the Company to be held in 2019 and, if passed,
every five years thereafter. Upon any such resolution not being passed,
proposals will be put forward to the effect that the Company be wound up,
liquidated, reconstructed or unitised.
C.5. Restrictions on There are no restrictions on the free transferability of the Shares, subject to
the free compliance with applicable securities laws.
transferability of
the securities
C.6. Admission Application has been made to the UK Listing Authority and the London
Stock Exchange for all of the C Shares now being offered to be admitted
to the premium segment of the Official List and to trading on the London
Stock Exchange’s main market for listed securities. It is expected that
Admission will become effective and that dealings for normal settlement in
the C Shares will commence on 29 January 2015.
C.7. Dividend policy The Company intends to distribute at least 85 per cent. of its distributable
income earned in each financial year by way of dividends. The Company
intends to pay dividends on a quarterly basis, with dividends for 2015
13
expected to be declared in February, May, August and November and paid
in April, June, October and December. The Company targets an annualised
dividend yield of at least 6 to 8 per cent. of the Issue Price.
C.22. Information Following Conversion, the investments which were attributable to the C
about the Shares will be merged with the Company’s existing portfolio of investments.
Ordinary Shares The new Ordinary Shares arising on Conversion of the C Shares will rank
pari passu with the Ordinary Shares then in issue.
The Ordinary Shares carry the right to receive all dividends declared by the
Company or the Directors, subject to the rights of any C Shares in issue.
On a winding-up, provided the Company has satisfied all of its liabilities and
subject to the rights conferred by any C Shares in issue at that time to
participate in the winding-up, the holders of Ordinary Shares are entitled to
all of the surplus assets of the Company.
Holders of Ordinary Shares are entitled to attend and vote at all general
meetings of the Company and, on a poll, to one vote for each Ordinary
Share held.
The nominal value of the Ordinary Shares is £0.01 per Ordinary Share.
The Ordinary Shares are in registered form, have been admitted to the
premium listing segment of the Official List and are traded on the London
Stock Exchange’s main market for listed securities. The Company will use
its reasonable endeavours to procure that, upon Conversion, the new
Ordinary Shares are admitted to the premium listing segment of the Official
List and admitted to trading on the London Stock Exchange’s main market
for listed securities.
Section D – Risks
D.1. Key information ● There can be no guarantee that the investment objective of the
on the key risks Company will be achieved or that the Group’s portfolio of investments
that are specific will generate the rates of return referred to in this document. There is
to the Company no guarantee that any dividends will be paid in respect of any financial
and its industry year or period.
14
loan acquisition process. Any IT systems failure could have a material
adverse effect on the ability to acquire and realise investments.
D.3. Key information ● The value of the Ordinary Shares and the C Shares and the income
on the key risks derived from those shares (if any) can fluctuate and may go down as
that are specific well as up. The Ordinary Shares and the C Shares may trade at a
to the C Shares discount to NAV.
and the Ordinary
Shares ● It may be difficult for Shareholders to realise their investment and there
may not be a liquid market in the Ordinary Shares or the C Shares.
● Dividend payments on the C Shares and the Ordinary Shares are not
guaranteed.
● Changes in tax law may reduce any return for investors in the
Company.
15
Section E – Offer
E.1. Proceeds and The net proceeds of the Issue are dependent on the level of subscriptions
expenses of the received pursuant to the Issue. Assuming gross proceeds of the Issue are
issue £200 million, the net proceeds will be approximately £197.4 million.
The costs and expenses of the Issue have been capped at 1.3 per cent. of
the gross proceeds and will not therefore exceed £2.6 million, assuming
gross proceeds of the Issue are £200 million.
E.2.a. Reasons for the The Company had deployed 89.86 per cent. of the net proceeds of the
Issue, use of First Placing and Offer as at the Latest Practicable Date. As at 30 November
proceeds and 2014, the Company’s return on Net Asset Value was 1.81 per cent. (which
estimated net figure excludes the costs of the First Placing and Offer).
amount of
proceeds The Board, as advised by the Investment Manager, believes that there are
attractive opportunities for the Company to deliver value for Shareholders
through exposure to alternative finance investments and related
instruments, including P2P loans. Taken together with the prevailing rating
of the Ordinary Shares, and the support shown by existing Shareholders,
the Board believes that it is appropriate to seek to increase the size of the
Company.
The estimated net proceeds of the Issue are £197.4 million, assuming that
target gross proceeds of £200 million are raised. The Directors intend to
use the net proceeds of the Issue to acquire investments in accordance
with the Company’s investment objective and policy.
E.3. Terms and The C Shares are being made available under the Issue at the Issue Price.
conditions of the
Issue The Placing will close at 5.00 p.m. on 26 January 2015 (or such later date
as the Company and Liberum may agree). If the Placing is extended, the
revised timetable will be notified through a Regulatory Information Service.
E.4. Material Not applicable. There are no interests that are material to the Issue and no
interests conflicting interests.
E.5. Name of person Not applicable. No person or entity is offering to sell Shares as part of the
selling securities Issue.
E.6. Dilution The C Shares issued pursuant to the Issue will convert into Ordinary Shares.
The number of Ordinary Shares into which each C Share converts will be
determined by the relative NAV per C Share and NAV per Ordinary Share
at the Conversion Date. As a result of Conversion, the percentage of the
16
total number of issued Ordinary Shares held by each existing holder of
Ordinary Shares will be reduced to the extent that Shareholders do not
acquire a sufficient number of C Shares under the Issue. However,
Conversion will be NAV neutral to holders of Ordinary Shares.
E.7. Estimated Not applicable. Other than in respect of expenses of, or incidental to,
expenses Admission and the Issue which the Company intends to pay out of the
charged to the proceeds of the Issue (and which will be borne by holders of C Shares only),
investor by the there are no commissions, fees or expenses to be charged to investors by
issuer the Company under the Issue.
17
RISK FACTORS
AI 4
Investment in the Company should not be regarded as short-term in nature and involves a high AIII2
degree of risk. Accordingly, investors should consider carefully all of the information set out in
this document and the risks attaching to an investment in the Company, including, in particular,
the risks described below.
The Directors believe that the risks described below are the material risks relating to the Shares
at the date of this document. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to the
Directors, or that the Directors deem immaterial at the date of this document, may also have an
adverse effect on the performance of the Group and the value of the Shares. Investors should
review this document carefully and in its entirety and consult with their professional advisers
before making an application to participate in the Issue.
Prospective investors should note that the risks relating to the Group, its industry and the Shares
summarised in the section of this document headed “Summary” are the risks that the Directors
believe to be the most essential to an assessment by a prospective investor of whether to
consider an investment in the Shares. However, as the risks which the Group faces relate to
events and depend on circumstances that may or may not occur in the future, prospective
investors should consider not only the information on the key risks summarised in the section of
this document headed “Summary” but also, among other things, the risks and uncertainties
described below.
The past performance of the Group and of investments which are referred to in this document
are for information or illustrative purposes only and should not be interpreted as an indication,
or as a guarantee, of future performance.
The Company’s investment objective includes the aim of providing Shareholders with a dividend income.
There is no guarantee that any dividends will be paid in respect of any financial year or period. The ability to
pay dividends is dependent on a number of factors including the level of income returns from the Group’s
portfolio of investments. There can be no guarantee that the Group’s portfolio of investments will achieve
the target rates of return referred to in this document or that it will not sustain any capital losses through its
investments.
The effects of both normal market fluctuations and the current global economic crisis may impact
the Group’s business, operating results or financial condition
These are factors which are outside the Company’s control and which may affect the volatility of underlying
asset values and the liquidity and the value of the Group’s portfolio of investments. Changes in economic
conditions in the US, UK and Europe where the Group predominantly invests (for example, interest rates
and rates of inflation, industry conditions, competition, political and diplomatic events, unemployment,
consumer spending, consumer sentiment and other factors) could substantially and adversely affect the
Group’s prospects.
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Borrowing risk
AXV 1.2
Borrowings may be employed at the level of the Company and at the level of any investee entity (including
any other investment fund in which the Company invests or any special purpose vehicle (“SPV”) that may
be established or utilised by the Company in connection with obtaining leverage against any of its assets).
The Company itself may borrow (through bank or other facilities) up to 33 per cent. of Net Asset Value
(calculated at the time of draw down under any facility that the Company has entered into).
Prospective investors should be aware that, whilst the use of borrowings should enhance the Net Asset
Value of the Shares when the value of the Group’s underlying assets is rising, it will, however, have the
opposite effect where the underlying asset value is falling. In addition, in the event that the Group’s income
falls for whatever reason, the use of borrowings will increase the impact of such a fall on the net revenue of
the Group and accordingly will have an adverse effect on the Company’s ability to pay dividends to
Shareholders.
The Group will pay interest on any borrowing it incurs. As such, the Group is exposed to interest rate risk
due to fluctuations in the prevailing market rates.
There is no guarantee that any borrowings of the Group will be refinanced on their maturity either on terms
that are acceptable to the Company or at all.
The Group may also invest in other investment funds that employ gearing with the aim of enhancing returns
to investors. Where an investment fund employs gearing, shares, limited partnership interests or units in
such investment funds will rank after such borrowings and should these investment funds’ assets fall in
value, their ability to pay their investors may be affected.
The Company has no employees and is reliant on the performance of third party service providers
The Company has no employees and the Directors have all been appointed on a non-executive basis. Whilst
the Company has taken all reasonable steps to establish and maintain adequate procedures, systems and
controls to enable it to comply with its obligations, the Company is reliant upon the performance of third
party service providers for its executive function. In particular, the Investment Manager, the Sub-Manager,
the Depositary, the Administrator, the Loan Administrator, the External Valuer and the Registrar perform
services which are integral to the operation of the Company. Failure by any service provider to carry out its
obligations to the Company in accordance with the terms of its appointment could have a materially
detrimental impact on the operation of the Company.
The past performance of other investments managed or advised by the Investment Manager or the Sub-
Manager cannot be relied upon as an indicator of the future performance of the Company. Investor returns
are dependent upon the Company successfully pursuing its investment policy. The success of the Company
depends inter alia on the Investment Manager’s and the Sub-Manager’s ability to identify, acquire and realise
investments in accordance with the Company’s investment policy. This, in turn, depends on the ability of
the Investment Manager and the Sub-Manager to apply their investment processes in a way which is capable
of identifying suitable investments for the Group to invest in. There can be no assurance that the Investment
Manager or the Sub-Manager will be able to do so or that the Group will be able to invest its assets on
attractive terms or generate any investment returns for Shareholders or avoid investment losses.
The Investment Manager is reliant upon attaining data feeds directly from the Platforms via an API connection.
Any delays or failures could impact operational controls and the valuation of the portfolio. While the
Investment Manager has in place systems to continually monitor the performance of these IT systems, there
can be no guarantee that issues will not arise that may require attention from a specific Platform. Any such
issues may result in processing delays. To seek to mitigate this risk the Investment Manager has put in place,
19
with each Platform through which the Group has already invested, a defined process and communication
standard to support the exchange of data. The Investment Manager will also seek to put such agreements
in place with any other Platforms through which the Group may in future invest.
The IT systems of the Platforms are outside the control of the Investment Manager, the Sub-Manager and
the Group. Technology complications associated with lost or broken data fields as a result of Platform-level
changes to API protocols may impact the Group’s ability to receive and process the data received from the
Platforms. Moreover, Platforms may not integrate API protocols with the Investment Manager or the Sub-
Manager, causing delay in the deployment of lending capital and investment returns.
The Sub-Manager relies extensively on computer systems and proprietary programs to evaluate and
purchase member loans, to monitor its portfolios and to generate reports that are critical to oversight of the
Eaglewood Funds’ activities. In addition, certain of the Eaglewood Funds’ and the Sub-Manager’s operations
interface with or depend on systems operated by third parties, and the Sub-Manager may not be in a position
to verify the risks or reliability of such third-party systems. These programs or systems may be subject to
certain defects, failures or interruptions, including those caused by computer “worms,” viruses and power
failures. Such failures could cause the evaluation and purchase of member loans to fail, lead to inaccurate
accounting, recording or processing of transactions relating to member loans, and cause inaccurate reports,
which may affect the Sub-Manager’s ability to monitor investments and risks as well as its ability to deploy
capital. Any such defect or failure could cause the Group to suffer financial loss, the disruption of its business,
regulatory intervention or reputational damage.
Delays in deployment of the proceeds of the Issue may have an impact on the Group’s results of
operations and cash flows
Pending deployment of the net proceeds of the Issue, the Company intends to invest cash held in cash
deposits, cash equivalents and fixed income instruments for cash management purposes. Interim cash
management is likely to yield lower returns than the expected returns from investments. There can be no
assurance as to how long it will take for the Company to invest any or all of the net proceeds of the Issue,
if at all, and the longer the period the greater the likelihood that the Group’s results of operations will be
materially adversely affected which will in turn impact the Net Asset Value attributable to the C Shares.
Changes in laws or regulations governing the Group operations may adversely affect the Group’s
business
AI 9.2.3
The Group is subject to laws and regulations enacted by national and local governments. In particular, the
Company is subject to and required to comply with certain regulatory requirements that are applicable to
listed closed-ended investment companies. The Company must comply with the Listing Rules for premium
listed equity securities and the Disclosure and Transparency Rules.
Any change in the law and regulation affecting any entity in the Group may have a material adverse effect
on the ability of the Group to carry on its business and successfully pursue its investment policy and on the
value of the Company and the Shares.
Currency risk
The assets of the Group are invested in Credit Assets which are denominated in US Dollars, Euros, Sterling
or other currencies. Accordingly, the value of such assets may be affected favourably or unfavourably by
fluctuations in currency rates. The Company typically seeks to hedge currency exposure between Sterling
and any other currency in which the Group’s assets may be denominated, in particular US Dollars and Euros.
However, there can be no assurances or guarantees that the Company will successfully hedge against
such risks.
20
Valuation risk
The Group’s investments are largely unquoted Credit Assets and the valuation of such investments involves
the Investment Manager exercising judgement. There can be no guarantee that the basis of calculation of
the value of the Group’s investments used in the valuation process will reflect the actual value on realisation
of those investments. The Investment Manager is entitled to receive a management fee for its services to
the Company which is based, in part, on the value of the Group’s investments. This creates a potential
conflict of interest as the Investment Manager is involved in the valuation of the Group’s investments.
FATCA
US source payments to the Company may be subject to withholding as a result of the Foreign Account Tax
Compliance Act (“FATCA”) provisions of the US Hiring Incentives to Restore Employment Act. In addition, if
the Company were to enter into a FATCA Agreement (as defined below) then in certain instances the
Company may be required to withhold on distributions it makes to Shareholders. FATCA is a US law aimed
at foreign financial institutions (“FFIs”) and other financial intermediaries to prevent tax evasion by US citizens
and residents through use of offshore accounts. The Company will, for purposes of the FATCA rules and
regulations, be treated as a FFI.
As the Company will be treated as a FFI, it would, unless it enters into an agreement (a “FATCA Agreement”)
with the US tax authorities (the Internal Revenue Service, or “IRS”) or is a Reporting FI under the UK-US IGA
(both defined below), be subject to a 30 per cent. withholding tax on receipt of certain US source income
(including interest and dividends) and on the receipt of gross proceeds after 31 December 2016 from the
sale or other disposition of property that can produce US source interest or dividends. In addition, unless
the Company enters into a FATCA Agreement or is a Reporting FI under the UK-US IGA (as discussed
below), the Company could be subject to withholding tax, depending on future guidance provided by the
IRS, on certain non-US source payments that it receives after 31 December 2016 from other non-US financial
institutions acting in the capacity of withholding agents pursuant to FATCA. The Company expects that it
will receive US source income that could (subject to the discussion below) be subject to withholding under
FATCA and may receive gross proceeds from the sale or other disposition of property that can produce US
source interest or dividends. Therefore, unless the Company enters into a FATCA Agreement or is a
Reporting FI under the UK-US IGA (as discussed below), the Company expects that it would be subject to
withholding under FATCA.
On 12 September 2012, the US Department of Treasury and the UK HMRC signed the “UK-US Agreement
to Improve International Tax Compliance and to Implement FATCA” (the “UK-US IGA”). Under the UK-US
IGA, which has been implemented in the UK through UK regulations, a FFI that is resident in the UK (a
“Reporting FI”) will not be subject to withholding under FATCA for any US source payments it receives nor
will it be required to withhold any tax under FATCA or the UK-US IGA on any payments it makes (unless the
Reporting FI is subject to a separate special taxation regime). In order to benefit from this treatment, the
Reporting FI is required to comply with the terms of the UK regulations implementing the UK-US IGA
including registration requirements with the IRS and requirements to identify, and report certain information
21
on, accounts held by US persons owning, directly or indirectly, an equity or debt interest in the Company
(other than equity and debt interests that are treated as regularly traded on an established securities market),
and report on accounts held by certain other persons or entities to HMRC.
The Company expects that it will be treated as a Reporting FI pursuant to the US-UK IGA and that it will
comply with the requirements under the UK-US IGA (as implemented in the UK). However, there can be no
assurance that the Company will be, and continue to be, treated as a Reporting FI, or that it would in the
future not be subject to withholding tax under FATCA or required to deduct withholding tax under FATCA.
If the Company becomes subject to a withholding tax as a result of FATCA or any similar laws, or is required
to withhold on distributions made to Shareholders, the return on investment of some or all Shareholders
may be materially adversely affected.
FATCA is particularly complex and its application is uncertain at this time. The above description
is based in part on regulations, official guidance and the UK-US IGA, all of which are subject to
change. All prospective investors and Shareholders should consult with their own tax advisors
regarding the possible implications of FATCA on their investment in the Company.
The Company currently holds an interim permission from the FCA for its consumer credit regulated activities.
The Company will be required, between 1 August 2015 and 31 October 2015, to seek full authorisation
from the FCA.
Although the Company intends to apply for full authorisation within the application period specified above,
if the Company were to fail to obtain authorisation from the FCA, its future ability to invest in loans to UK
consumer borrowers would be curtailed as the Company would no longer be authorised to carry on the
regulated activity of entering into a regulated credit agreement as a lender.
If the Company could not invest in further UK consumer loans, this may adversely affect the overall returns
to the Company from its portfolio of investments and the Company may be required to seek Shareholder
approval for an amendment to its investment policy to, for example, invest a higher proportion of its assets
in SME or trade receivables Credit Assets. However, failure to obtain FCA authorisation would not impact
the Company’s ability to invest in consumer loans in the US and in other European jurisdictions and if there
were a sufficient level of suitable consumer Credit Assets available for investment in these jurisdictions the
Company would not need to seek an amendment to its investment policy.
In respect of UK consumer loans in which the Company has invested prior to requiring full FCA authorisation,
the Company will have advanced funds in respect of those loans whilst holding the correct regulatory
approval (being interim permission). Additional activities relating to loan servicing, such as debt administration,
for which authorisation is required, are not in any event carried out by the Company but instead by the UK
Platforms or their agents. The Company would, however, still be carrying on the regulated activity of
exercising the rights of a lender in respect of its existing investments in UK consumer loans. The Company
would face uncertainty of its treatment by the FCA in the event it failed to obtain full authorisation. The
Company may be required to wind down its regulated activities if it failed to obtain full FCA authorisation
and there can be no guarantee that the Company would be able to continue to hold its existing investments
in UK consumer loans. The FCA may require the Company to sell its existing UK consumer loans. Any such
decision of the regulator would be based on the specific circumstances of the Company at the time, including
the timescale for winding-down its regulated activities and any concerns about debt collection processes.
The Company may seek to sell or assign its existing UK consumer loans to a third party. However, any such
sale or assignment would be subject to the Company being able to find a buyer or assignee for the loans
and, at present, there is no secondary exchange operated by the UK consumer Platforms for the sale of
whole consumer loans. In addition, any sale or assignment of the loans would also be subject to, and may
be restricted by, the terms of the governing loan agreements. In the event of a sale or assignment of the
Company’s portfolio of UK consumer loans, the Company would no longer hold those investments to
maturity and would not therefore receive its expected interest on those loans following sales or assignments.
22
The FCA has created a new sourcebook called CONC which contains the detailed conduct requirements
for consumer credit firms. This sets out detailed requirements on the Company in relation to its activities of
lending under regulated consumer credit agreements and on the Platforms which facilitate such lending. As
both the holder of an interim permission and as a fully authorised consumer credit firm that, through certain
Platforms, is lending to UK consumer borrowers, the Company is subject to detailed requirements in relation
to, inter alia, pre-contract disclosures to such borrowers and the content of loan agreements with those
borrowers. Any failure to comply with such requirements may result in those agreements being
unenforceable. In such circumstances, the Company may not be able to recover its investment in any
such loan.
There is a new regulated activity of ‘operating an electronic system in relation to lending’. The UK Platforms
through which the Company invests must hold interim permission or authorisation from the FCA for this
activity. The FCA has introduced application periods, giving firms with interim permission a three-month
window in which they must apply to the FCA for full authorisation. If any Platform through which the Company
invests were to fail to obtain full authorisation, this may result in the Platform being forced to cease its
operations and may cause disruption to the servicing and administration of loans in which the Company
has invested through that Platform. Any such disruption may impact the quality of debt collection procedures
in relation to those loans and may result in reduced returns to the Company from those investments.
The FCA has introduced new regulatory controls for Platform operators, including the application of conduct
of business rules (in particular, around disclosure and promotions), minimum capital requirements, client
money protection rules, dispute resolution rules and a requirement for firms to take reasonable steps to
ensure existing loans continue to be administered if the firm goes out of business. The introduction of these
regulations and any further new laws and regulations could have a material adverse effect on the UK
Platforms’ businesses and may result in interruption of operations by the Platforms or these Platforms
seeking to pass increased regulatory compliance costs to their lender members, such as the Company,
through the lender fees charged to them.
There are currently no known material risks that would result in the Platforms ceasing to exist. However, if
the Platforms’ ability to export the interest rates, and related terms and conditions, permitted under an
applicable state’s law to borrowers in other states were determined to violate applicable lending laws, this
could subject the Platforms to the interest rate restrictions, and related terms and conditions, of the lending
laws of all of the US states which a Platform’s business touches in any way. The result would be a complex
patchwork of regulatory restrictions that could materially and negatively impact the Platforms’ operations
and potentially make them no longer able to operate, in which case they could terminate their business and
23
all activities. This could have a material adverse effect on all lender members of the Platform because the
volume of loans available to invest in would potentially be drastically reduced.
Different Platforms adhere to different business models, resulting in uncertainty as to the regulatory
environment applicable to the Company. Funding Circle (US), for example, holds a California Finance Lender’s
license, and operates from California to make SME loans across the US. It complies with California’s licensing
requirements and usury limitations. However, other states could seek to regulate Funding Circle (US) or the
Company (as lender member) on the basis that loans were made to SMEs located in such other state. In
that case, loans made in that other state could be subject to the maximum interest rate limits of such
jurisdiction, which could limit potential revenue for the Company. In addition, it could subject Funding Circle
(US) or the Company to state licensing requirements.
Lending Club, on the other hand, follows a different model. All Lending Club loans are closed in the name
of and are exclusively funded by WebBank, a Utah-chartered industrial bank organised under Title 7, Chapter
8 of the Utah Code and which has its deposits insured by the FDIC. WebBank works jointly with Lending
Club to act as issuer, i.e. the true lender, of the Platform loans. Some US courts, when considering the
validity of loans issued in third party lending arrangements involving banks and non-banks, only consider
whether the loans issued were valid at inception. However, other US courts engage in an analysis to
determine the true lender of the loans. To the extent that either Lending Club or the Company (as lender
member) is deemed to be the true lender in any jurisdiction, loans made to borrowers in that jurisdiction
would be subject to the maximum interest rate limits of such jurisdiction, and Lending Club and/or the
Company (as lender member) could be subject to state licensing requirements. Any such requirement would
likely have an adverse effect on the Sub-Manager’s ability to continue to invest in loans through Lending
Club and therefore affect the returns to the Company.
Although the Directors are not currently aware that any state regulators have taken the position that the
Platforms are the actual providers of loans to borrower members, any action undertaken by state regulators
to assert such a position could have a material adverse effect on the lending model utilised by the US P2P
industry and, consequently, the ability of the Company to pursue a significant part of its investment strategy
in the US.
A civil action brought against WebBank, the Bank that issues the loans for Lending Club, concluded in May
2014 in federal district court for the District of Utah. The complaint alleged, among other claims, violations
of California consumer protection laws for WebBank’s participation in a lending arrangement involving Bill
Me Later, Inc. (which has subsequently been acquired by eBay, Inc. and renamed PayPal Credit), in which
Bill Me Later, Inc. purchased the receivables and services loans issued to consumers by WebBank. The
district court granted WebBank and Bill Me Later Inc.’s motion to dismiss, ruling, in pertinent part, that
section 27 of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act expressly preempted the claims based on California law.
The decision of the district court was not appealed. However, if another similar civil action was brought and
a court were to rule in favour of a plaintiff’s claims relating to state consumer protection laws, it could have
a material adverse effect on Lending Club’s ability to make loans and could consequently have a material
adverse effect on the Company.
24
Additionally, eBay Inc., which owns PayPal Credit, formerly known as Bill Me Later, Inc., disclosed in its 10-
Q filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission dated 16 October 2014, that it is co-operating with
the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau’s Civil Investigative Demands it received on 7 August 2013 and
13 January 2014, for testimony and documentation relating to the acquisition, management, and operation
of PayPal Credit, including online credit products and services, advertising, loan origination, customer
acquisition, servicing, debt collection, and complaints handling practices. Any determination that the PayPal
Credit business does not properly comply with laws and regulations could have a material adverse effect on
WebBank, as a participant in PayPal Credit’s business. It also could suggest that lending models similar to
that of PayPal Credit, such as Lending Club’s lending model, in which third parties (such as the Company)
purchase loans originated by WebBank, do not properly comply with laws and regulations. If true, this could
subject Lending Club to fines, penalties, or other regulatory action that could have a material adverse effect
on the Lending Club Platform. The Lending Club Platform could also be forced to comply with the lending
laws of all US states, which may not be feasible and could result in Lending Club ceasing to operate. Any
increase in cost or regulatory burden on Lending Club could have a material adverse effect on the Company.
Specifically, an adverse ruling in a case similar to the civil action in Utah could undermine the basis of Lending
Club’s business model and could result ultimately in Lending Club or its lender members being characterised
as a lender, which as a consequence would mean that additional US consumer protection laws would be
applicable to the borrower member loans originated on the Lending Club Platform, investments in which
are acquired by the Group. For example, the borrower member loans could be voidable or unenforceable.
In addition, Lending Club or its lender members could be subject to claims by borrower members, as well
as enforcement actions by regulators. Even if Lending Club were not required to cease operation with
residents of certain states or to change its business practices to comply with applicable laws and regulations,
Lending Club or its lender members could be required to register or obtain, and maintain, licences or
regulatory approvals in all 50 US states at substantial cost. If Lending Club were subject to fines, penalties,
or other regulatory action, or ceased to operate, this could have a material adverse effect on the Group and
its investments in Lending Club.
The Company may contract with other US consumer Platforms which follow the Lending Club model, which
will result in the Company having the same risks relative to such other US Platforms as are described above
with respect to Lending Club.
25
for marketing purposes. Through their participation in the Platforms, the Company and other entities in the
Group obtain non-public personal information about loan applicants, as defined in GLBA, and intend to
conduct themselves in compliance with such law, as if it were subject to the same limitations on disclosure
and obligations of safeguarding and proper disposal of non-public personal information. In addition, the
Company and/or other entities in the Group could be subject to state data security laws, depending on
whether the information obtained is considered non-public personally identifiable information under those
state laws. Any violations of state data security laws by the Company or other Group entity could subject it
to fines, penalties, or other regulatory action on a state-by-state basis, which, individually or in the aggregate,
could have a material adverse effect on the Group due to the compliance costs related to any violations as
well as costs to ensure compliance with such laws on an on-going basis. Additionally, any violations of the
GLBA by the Company or other Group entity could subject it to regulatory action by the US Federal Trade
Commission, which could require the Company or such other Group entity to, inter alia, implement a
comprehensive information security and reporting program and to be subject to audits on an on-going basis.
The Investment Manager and the Sub-Manager allocate many of their resources to activities in
which the Company is not engaged, which could have a negative impact on the Company’s ability
to achieve its investment objective
The Investment Manager and the Sub-Manager are not required to commit all of their resources to the
Company’s affairs. Insofar as the Investment Manager or the Sub-Manager devotes resources to their
responsibilities to other business interests, their ability to devote resources and attention to the Company’s
affairs will be limited. This could adversely affect the Company’s ability to achieve its investment objective,
which could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s profitability, Net Asset Value and share price.
The Investment Manager, the Sub-Manager and their affiliates may provide services to other
clients which could compete directly or indirectly with the activities of the Company and may be
subject to conflicts of interest in respect of its activities on behalf of the Company
The Investment Manager, the Sub-Manager and their affiliates are involved in other financial, investment or
professional activities which may on occasion give rise to conflicts of interest with the Company. In particular,
the Investment Manager and the Sub-Manager manage funds other than the Company and may provide
investment management, investment advisory or other services in relation to these funds or future funds
which may have similar investment policies to that of the Company.
The Investment Manager, the Sub-Manager and their affiliates may carry on investment activities for other
accounts in which the Company has no interest. The Investment Manager, the Sub-Manager and their
affiliates may also provide management services to other clients, including other collective investment
vehicles. The Investment Manager, the Sub-Manager and their affiliates may give advice and recommend
securities to other managed accounts or investment funds which may differ from advice given to, or
investments recommended or bought for, the Company, even though their investment policies may be the
same or similar.
26
As a registered investment adviser, the Sub-Manager is subject to examination by the US
Securities Exchange Commission
The Sub-Manager is registered as an investment adviser under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940. The
Sub-Manager is required to adhere to certain US rules and regulations applicable to such registered advisers
and is subject to examination by the US Securities Exchange Commission. As an entity regulated in the US,
the activities of the Sub-Manager with respect to the investments by the Group in the US may be subject
to a greater or different degree of regulatory restriction than those of the Investment Manager. In addition,
should the Sub-Manager be subjected to examination by US regulatory authorities, such examination may
interfere with the daily operations of the Sub-Manager.
The Group may face increasing competition for access to Credit Assets as the peer-to-peer lending industry
continues to evolve. The Group may face competition from other institutional lenders such as fund vehicles
and commercial banks that are substantially larger and have considerably greater financial, technical and
marketing resources than the Company. In the US, there are a number of private funds, commercial banks
and managed accounts which have already deployed capital in the P2P lending space. Other institutional
sources of capital may enter the market in both the UK and US. These potential competitors may have
higher risk tolerances or different risk assessments, which could allow them to consider a wider variety of
investments and establish more relationships than the Investment Manager or the Sub-Manager. There can
be no assurance that the competitive pressures the Company faces will not erode the Company’s ability to
deploy capital and thus impact the financial condition and results of the Group.
The Group intends to continue to build relationships with and enter into agreements with additional Platforms.
However, if there are not sufficient qualified loan requests through any Platform, the Company may be unable
to deploy its capital in a timely or efficient manner. In such event, the Company may be forced to invest in
cash, cash equivalents, or other assets that fall within its investment policy that are generally expected to
offer lower returns than the Company’s target returns from investments in Credit Assets.
In the event that the number of Platforms through which the Group invests were to be limited in number,
whether due to termination of existing agreements or failure to secure terms with other Platforms, the Group
may be subject to certain risks associated with the concentration of its portfolio. A smaller universe of
Platforms through which to acquire Credit Assets increases the risks associated with those Platforms
changing their arrangements with respect to, inter alia, their underwriting and credit models, borrower
acquisition channels and quality of debt collection procedures in such a way as to make them unsuitable
for investment by the Group. In any event, material portfolio concentration risks related to asset class,
geography or risk tolerances will be mitigated through diversification of investments in accordance with the
Company’s stated investment policy.
27
Consumer loans are unsecured obligations of borrower members. They are not secured by any collateral,
not guaranteed or insured by any third party and not backed by any governmental authority in any way. The
Platforms and their designated third party collection agencies may be limited in their ability to collect on
loans. The Group must rely on the collection efforts of the Platforms and their designated collection agencies
and has no direct recourse against borrower members, is not able to obtain the identity of the borrower
members in order to contact a borrower about a loan and otherwise has no ability to pursue borrower
members to collect payment under loans. In addition, in the case of five years loans on US consumer
Platforms, after the final maturity date, the Platform may have no obligation to make any late payments to
their lender members.
The Platform will retain from the funds received from the relevant borrower and otherwise available for
payment to the Group any insufficient payment fees and the amounts of any attorney’s fees or collection
fees it, a third party service provider or collection agency imposes in connection with such collection efforts.
The return on the Group’s portfolio of loans depends on borrower members fulfilling their payment obligations
in a timely and complete manner. Borrower members may not view the lending obligations facilitated through
a Platform as having the same significance as other credit obligations arising under more traditional
circumstances, such as loans from banks. If a borrower neglects its payment obligations on a loan or
chooses not to repay its loan entirely, the Group may not be able to recover any portion of its outstanding
principal and interest under such loan.
All loans are credit obligations of individual borrowers and the terms of the borrower members’ loans may
not restrict the borrowers from incurring additional debt. If a borrower member incurs additional debt after
obtaining a loan through a Platform, that additional debt may adversely affect the borrower’s creditworthiness
generally, and could result in the financial distress, insolvency or bankruptcy of the borrower. This
circumstance could ultimately impair the ability of that borrower to make payments on its loan and the
Group’s ability to receive the principal and interest payments that it expects to receive on those loans. To
the extent borrower members incur other indebtedness that is secured, such as a mortgage, the ability of
the secured creditors to exercise remedies against the assets of that borrower may impair the borrower’s
ability to repay its loan or it may impair the Platform’s ability to collect on the loan if it goes unpaid. Since
consumer loans are unsecured, borrower members may choose to repay obligations under other
indebtedness before repaying loans facilitated through a Platform because the borrowers have no collateral
at risk. The Group will not be made aware of any additional debt incurred by a borrower, or whether such
debt is secured.
Where a borrower member is an individual, if such a borrower with outstanding obligations under a loan
dies while the loan is outstanding, the borrower’s estate may not contain sufficient assets to repay the loan
or the executor of the borrower’s estate may prioritise repayment of other creditors. Numerous other events
could impact a borrower’s ability or willingness to repay a loan acquired by the Group, including divorce or
sudden significant expenses, such as uninsured healthcare costs.
Identity fraud may occur and adversely affect the Group’s ability to receive the principal and interest payments
that it expects to receive on loans. A Platform may have the exclusive right and ability to investigate claims
of identity theft and this creates a conflict of interest between the relevant Group entity and such Platform.
If a Platform determines that verifiable identity theft has occurred, that Platform may be required to
repurchase the loan or indemnify the relevant Group entity and in the alternative, if the Platform denies a
claim under any identify theft guarantee, the Platform would be saved from its repurchase or indemnification
obligations.
If a borrower member files for bankruptcy in any of the jurisdictions in which the Group may invest, a stay
may go into effect that will automatically put any pending collection actions on hold and prevent further
collection action absent court approval. It is possible that the borrower member’s personal liability on its
member loan will be discharged in bankruptcy. In most cases involving the bankruptcy of a borrower member
with an unsecured loan, unsecured creditors, including the relevant Group entity, will receive only a fraction
of any amount outstanding on their loans, if anything.
The Group will not be protected from any losses it may incur from its investments in any loans resulting from
borrower default by any insurance-type product operated by any of the Platforms through which it
may invest.
28
Loan default rates may be affected by a number of factors outside the Group’s control and actual
default rates may vary significantly from historical observations
General economic factors and conditions in the United Kingdom, the United States or worldwide, including
the general interest rate environment, unemployment rates and residential home values, may affect borrower
willingness to seek loans and investor ability and desire to invest in loans.
The default history for Credit Assets originated via Platforms is limited and actual defaults may be greater
than indicated by historical data and the timing of defaults may vary significantly from historical observations.
Platforms do not take military service into account in assigning loan grades to borrower member loan
requests. In addition, as part of the borrower member registration process, Platforms do not request their
borrower members to confirm if they are a qualified service member or reservists within the meaning of the
SCRA. The SCRA is specific to the United States and therefore does not pose a risk for other jurisdictions
in which the Group may invest.
Prepayment risk
Borrowers may decide to prepay all or a portion of the remaining principal amount due under a borrower
loan at any time without penalty. In the event of a prepayment of the entire remaining unpaid principal amount
of a borrower loan acquired by a Group entity, the relevant Group entity will receive such prepayment but
further interest will not accrue on such loan after the date of the prepayment. If the borrower prepays a
portion of the remaining unpaid principal balance interest will cease to accrue on the prepaid portion, and
the relevant Group entity will not receive all of the interest payments that it expected to receive.
29
Risks associated with the Platforms’, the Investment Manager’s and the Sub-Manager’s credit
scoring models
A prospective borrower is assigned a loan grade by a Platform based on a number of factors, including the
borrower’s credit score and credit history. Credit scores are produced by third-party credit reporting agencies
based on a borrower’s credit profile, including credit balances, available credit, timeliness of payments,
average payments, delinquencies and account duration. This data is furnished to the credit reporting
agencies by the creditors. A credit score or loan grade assigned to a borrower member by a Platform may
not reflect that borrower’s actual creditworthiness because the credit score may be based on outdated,
incomplete or inaccurate reporting data. The Platforms seek to verify the majority, but not all, of the
information obtained from most of their borrower members.
Additionally, it is possible that, following the date of any credit information received, a borrower member
may have defaulted on a pre-existing debt obligation, taken on additional debt or sustained other adverse
financial or life events.
Each of the Investment Manager and the Sub-Manager is reliant on the borrower credit information provided
to it by the Platforms which may be out of date or inaccurate. In addition, for consumer loans, neither the
Investment Manager nor the Sub-Manager has access to consolidated financial statements or other financial
information about the borrowers and the information supplied by borrowers may be inaccurate or intentionally
false. Unlike traditional lending, neither the Investment Manager nor the Sub-Manager is able to perform
any independent follow-up verification with respect to a borrower member, as the borrower member’s name,
address and other contact details remain confidential.
Because of these factors, the Investment Manager and the Sub-Manager may make investment decisions
based on outdated, inaccurate or incomplete information.
The following risks are specific to the Group’s proposed investments in corporate trade
receivables:
The Group may invest in trade receivables originated by Platforms and will therefore be subject to the
Platforms’ ability to sufficiently source deals that fall within the Investment Manager’s and the Sub-Manager’s
investment and risk parameters. Limited origination of suitable trade receivables through the Platforms could
have a negative impact on the Company’s ability to deploy its capital and therefore impact the Group’s
expected returns.
The Group will be subject to the Platforms’ ability to monitor and curtail factoring fraud which typically stems
from the falsification of invoice documents. False invoices can easily be created online to look like they have
been issued by legitimate debtors or are otherwise created by legitimate debtors at inflated values. The
Group’s investment in trade receivables through Platforms will therefore be reliant on the Platforms’ ability
to carry out appropriate due diligence on all parties involved such that no losses occur due to fraudulent
activity.
The Group, the Investment Manager and the Sub-Manager will to some extent be reliant on the internal
credit ratings by the Platform but may seek to carry out independent credit checks, where available, in
relation to either the creditor or debtor. In the event of insolvency of any debtor where invoices have been
purchased by the Group, the relevant Group entity may only rank as unsecured creditor. Where invoices
have been advanced, in the case of insolvency by the creditor, the debtor is made aware that the invoice
has been advanced and is obliged to make payment to the relevant Group entity. However, the relevant
Group entity will be subject to the risk of payment being delayed or not made.
Platforms that lend to corporations conduct due diligence but do not always conduct on-site visits to verify
that the business exists and is in good standing. For this reason, the risk of fraud may be greater with
corporate trade receivables.
The Platforms seek to validate that the debtor has received the goods or services and is willing to pay the
creditor before making the receivables available for investment. There can however be no assurance that
the debtor will not subsequently dispute the quality or price of the goods or services and elect to withhold
payments. Fraud, delays or write-offs associated with such disputes could directly impact the earnings of
the Group on its investments in trade receivables.
30
The following risks are specific to the Group’s investments in the equity of Platforms:
These investments are expected to be in entities which are smaller companies. Smaller companies, in
comparison to larger companies, often have a more restricted depth of management and higher risk profiles.
Investors should not expect that the Company will necessarily be able to realise, within a period which they
would otherwise regard as reasonable, its investments in such companies and any such realisations that
may be achieved may be at considerably lower yields than expected.
The Company may invest in the listed or unlisted equity of any Platforms. Investments in unlisted equity, by
their nature, involve a higher degree of valuation and performance uncertainties and liquidity risks than
investments in listed securities and therefore may be more difficult to realise.
In comparison with listed and quoted investments, unlisted companies are subject to further particular risks,
including that they:
● may have shorter operating histories and smaller market shares, rendering them more vulnerable to
competitors’ actions and market conditions, as well as general economic downturns;
● often operate at a financial loss;
● are more likely to depend on the management talents and efforts of a founder or small group of persons
and, if any such persons were to cease to be involved in the management or support of such
companies, this could have a material adverse impact on their business and prospects and the
investment in them made by the Company; and
● generally have less predictable operating results and may require significant additional capital to support
their operations, expansion or competitive position.
Investments which are unlisted at the time of acquisition may remain unlisted and may therefore be difficult
to value and/or realise.
The following risks are specific to the Group’s investments in the Eaglewood Funds:
The Eaglewood Income Fund invests in consumer loans and the Eaglewood Small Business Fund invests
in SME loans. Accordingly, the investment in these funds is subject to the same risks which apply to the
Group’s direct investments in loans, set out above under the heading “The following risks are specific to the
Group’s investments in loans”. In addition, the Group’s investments in the Eaglewood Income Fund and the
Eaglewood Small Business Fund are subject to the following risks:
The Group’s investments in the Eaglewood Funds are relatively illiquid investments because the limited
partnership interests in the Eaglewood Funds are not generally transferable and the withdrawal rights of
investors are restricted. In the event that the returns to the Group as an investor in the Eaglewood Funds
are below those expected from such investments, the Group may be unable to transfer or withdraw its
interest in the Eaglewood Funds which may in turn affect the overall returns to the Company, its ability to
pay dividends and lead to volatility in the market price of the Shares.
The Sub-Manager utilises leverage in investing the Eaglewood Funds’ assets, including by borrowing funds
and pledging the Eaglewood Funds’ assets as collateral. The Eaglewood Income Fund is authorised to
employ leverage up to 4.0 times its net asset value. The Eaglewood Small Business Fund may employ
leverage against its assets as a means of enhancing returns, although its maximum leverage ratio may not
exceed 1.5 times its net asset value without the prior written approval of its advisory board. While the use
of leverage increases returns if a fund earns a greater return on the incremental investments purchased with
leverage than it pays for such leverage, the use of leverage decreases returns if the fund fails to earn as
much on such incremental investments as it pays for such funds. The effect of leverage may therefore result
in a greater decrease in the net asset value of the fund than if the fund were not so leveraged. The Group,
as an investor in these funds, is exposed to these risks associated with gearing. In addition, the Sub-Manager
has elected to securitise the loans in the Eaglewood Income Fund’s portfolio and may elect to securitise the
loans in the Eaglewood Small Business Fund’s portfolio, which may reduce the overall expected return
obtained by investments in assets that are securitised versus those held to maturity.
An Eaglewood Fund might be considered to be engaged in a trade or business in the United States and, if
so, a non-US investor, such as the Group, would be subject to federal income tax in the United States with
respect to its share of the fund’s income from such trade or business. In these circumstances, the Eaglewood
31
Fund would be required to withhold and remit certain amounts to the US Internal Revenue Service and other
tax authorities. Such action could have a material adverse effect on the Group’s return from its investment
in the Eaglewood Funds.
The Eaglewood Income Fund’s success or failure is highly dependent on the success or failure of Lending
Club. In the event Lending Club were not able to conduct its business successfully (including, without
limitation, with respect to attracting borrower members, servicing member loans and remaining adequately
capitalised) or if Lending Club were to experience a material adverse effect or a complete failure of its
business, it would materially and adversely affect the performance of the Eaglewood Income Fund and its
returns for investors, such as the Group. The success or failure of Eaglewood Income Fund is also dependent
on the continuation of the arrangements which it has in place for the purchase of consumer loans from
Lending Club.
For both tax and regulatory purposes, it is critical that the Eaglewood Income Fund be considered
independent of Lending Club. The Sub-Manager and the general partner of Eaglewood Income Fund have
taken steps to attempt to preserve the fund’s independence as an arms-length entity separate and distinct
from Lending Club, which independence is critical from both a tax and regulatory perspective. There is no
guarantee, however, that the US Internal Revenue Service or other applicable taxing and/or regulatory
authority will respect the fund’s independence from Lending Club. If a taxing authority were to claim that the
fund is not separate and independent from Lending Club, the fund and/or investors, including the Group,
could be subjected to increased tax liability, which could impair the performance of the fund and negatively
affect the value of the Group’s limited partnership interests. Additionally, if a regulatory authority were to
challenge the fund’s independence from Lending Club, the fund could be subjected to substantial regulatory
and licensing requirements, which could have a material adverse effect on the financial condition and
performance of the fund and on the Sub-Manager’s ability to implement its investment strategy and on its
ability to generate returns for investors such as the Group.
The Eaglewood Small Business Fund’s success or failure is highly dependent on the success or failure of
the sources of commercial loans. In the event any such sources were not able to conduct its business
successfully (including, without limitation, with respect to attracting loans for purchasers and borrowers,
servicing commercial loans and remaining adequately capitalised) or if any such source were to experience
a material adverse effect or a complete failure of its business, it could materially and adversely affect the
performance of the fund due to the inability to generate returns for its investors, including the Group.
The following risks are specific to the Group’s investments in other fund vehicles:
The Group may invest in Credit Assets indirectly via other investment funds, including those managed by
the Investment Manager, the Sub-Manager or their affiliates. As a participant in any such vehicle, the Group
will bear, along with other participants, its pro rata share of the fees and expenses of that vehicle. These
expenses and fees may be in addition to the fees and expenses which the Group bears directly in connection
with its own operations. The existence of such additional fees and expenses may result in reduced returns
to investors.
Any fund vehicles in which the Group invests may employ gearing. Accordingly, the Group will be subject to
the risks associated with gearing in connection with such investments. Whilst gearing should enhance returns
where the value of a fund’s underlying assets is rising; it will have the opposite effect and enhance losses
where the value of the underlying assets is falling.
32
RISKS RELATING TO TAXATION
Overseas taxation
The Group may be subject to taxation under the tax rules of the jurisdictions in which it invests, including by
way of withholding of tax from interest and other receipts. Although the Group will endeavour to minimise
any such taxes this may affect the level of returns to Shareholders.
Changes in taxation legislation or practice may adversely affect the Group and the tax treatment
for Shareholders investing in the Company
Changes in tax legislation or practice, whether in the United Kingdom or in jurisdictions in which the Group
invests, could affect the value of the investments held by the Group, affect the Company’s ability to provide
returns to Shareholders, and affect the tax treatment for Shareholders of their investments in the Company
(including rates of tax and availability of reliefs).
The market price of the Ordinary Shares and C Shares may fluctuate independently of their underlying net
asset value and may trade at a discount or premium at different times, depending on factors such as supply
and demand for the Ordinary Shares and C Shares, market conditions and general investor sentiment. There
can be no guarantee that any discount control policy will be successful or capable of being implemented.
It may be difficult for Shareholders to realise their investment and there may not be a liquid
market in the Shares
The price at which the Ordinary Shares and C Shares will be traded and the price at which investors may
realise their investment will be influenced by a large number of factors, some specific to the Company and
its investments and some which may affect companies generally. Admission should not be taken as implying
that there will be a liquid market for the Ordinary Shares or the C Shares.
While the Directors retain the right to effect repurchases of Ordinary Shares in the manner described in this
document, they are under no obligation to use such powers or to do so at any time and Shareholders should
not place any reliance on the willingness of the Directors so to act. Shareholders wishing to realise their
investment in the Company may therefore be required to dispose of their Ordinary Shares in the market.
There can be no guarantee that a liquid market in the Ordinary Shares will develop or that the Ordinary
Shares will trade at prices close to their underlying Net Asset Value. Accordingly, Shareholders may be
unable to realise some or all of their investment at such Net Asset Value.
The number of C Shares to be issued pursuant to the Issue is not yet known, and there may be a limited
number of holders of such C Shares. Limited numbers and/or holders of such C Shares may mean that
there is limited liquidity in such C Shares which may affect (i) an investor’s ability to realise some or all of his
investment and/or (ii) the price at which such investor can effect such realisation and/or (iii) the price at which
such C Shares trade in the secondary market.
33
The Shares are subject to certain provisions that may cause the Board to refuse to register, or
require the transfer of, Shares
Although the Shares are freely transferable, there are certain circumstances in which the Board may, under
the Articles and subject to certain conditions, compulsorily require the transfer of or redeem the Shares.
These circumstances include where a transfer of Shares would cause, or is likely to cause: (i) the assets of
the Company to be considered “plan assets” of any Benefit Plan Investor; (ii) the Company to be required
to register under the US Investment Company Act, or members of the senior management of the Company
to be required to register as “investment advisers” under the Investment Advisers Act; (iii) the Company to
be required to register under the US Exchange Act or any similar legislation, amongst others; or (iv) the
Company to be unable to comply with its obligations under FATCA.
Dilution risk
Pursuant to Conversion, the C Shares issued pursuant to the Issue will convert into Ordinary Shares. The
number of Ordinary Shares into which each C Share converts will be determined by the relative NAV per C
Share and NAV per Ordinary Share at the Conversion Date. As a result of Conversion, the percentage of the
total number of issued Ordinary Shares held by each existing holder of Ordinary Shares will be reduced to
the extent that Shareholders do not acquire a sufficient number of C Shares. However, Conversion will be
NAV neutral to holders of Ordinary Shares.
34
IMPORTANT NOTICES
Forward-looking statements
This document contains forward-looking statements including, without limitation, statements containing the
words “believes”, “estimates”, “anticipates”, “expects”, “intends”, “may”, “will”, or “should” or, in each case,
their negative or other variation or similar expressions. Such forward-looking statements involve unknown
risk, uncertainties and other factors which may cause the actual results, financial condition, performance or
achievement of the Company, or industry results, to be materially different from future results, financial
condition, performance or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements.
Given these uncertainties, prospective investors are cautioned not to place any undue reliance on such
forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements speak only as at the date of this document.
Subject to its legal and regulatory obligations, the Company expressly disclaims any obligation to update or
revise any forward-looking statement contained herein to reflect changes in expectations with regard thereto
or any change in events, conditions, or circumstances on which any statement is based, unless required to
do so by law or any appropriate regulatory authority, including FSMA, the Listing Rules, the Prospectus
Rules and the Disclosure and Transparency Rules.
Nothing in the preceding two paragraphs should be taken as limiting the working capital statement in
paragraph 10 of Part VII of this document.
General
This document should be read in its entirety before making any application for C Shares. Prospective
Shareholders should rely only on the information contained in this document. No person has been authorised
to give any information or make any representations other than as contained in this document and, if given
or made, such information or representations must not be relied on as having been authorised by the
Company, the Investment Manager, the Sub-Manager, Administrator, Depositary, Loan Administrator or
Liberum or any of their respective affiliates, officers, directors, employees or agents. Without prejudice to
the Company’s obligations under the Prospectus Rules, the Listing Rules and the Disclosure and
Transparency Rules neither the delivery of this document nor any subscription made under this document
shall, under any circumstances, create any implication that there has been no change in the affairs of the
Company since the date of this document or that the information contained herein is correct as at any time
subsequent to its date.
Apart from the liabilities and responsibilities (if any) which may be imposed on Liberum by FSMA or the
regulatory regime established thereunder, Liberum does not make any representations, express or implied,
or accept any responsibility whatsoever for the contents of this document nor for any other statement made
or purported to be made by it or on its behalf in connection with the Company, the C Shares, Admission or
the Issue. Liberum (together with its respective affiliates) accordingly disclaims all and any liability (save for
any statutory liability) whether arising in tort or contract or otherwise which either might otherwise have in
respect of this document or any such statement.
In connection with the Issue, Liberum and any of its affiliates acting as an investor for their own account(s)
may subscribe for the C Shares and, in that capacity, may retain, purchase, sell, offer to sell or otherwise
deal for its or their own account(s) in such securities of the Company, any other securities of the Company
or related investments in connection with the Issue or otherwise. Accordingly, references in this document
to the C Shares being issued, offered, subscribed or otherwise dealt with, should be read as including any
issue or offer to, or subscription or dealing by, Liberum or any of its affiliates acting as an investor for its or
their own account(s). Liberum does not intend to disclose the extent of any such investment or transactions
otherwise than in accordance with any legal or regulatory obligation to do so.
All Shareholders are entitled to the benefit of, are bound by, and are deemed to have notice of, the provisions
of the Memorandum of Association and the Articles which investors should review. A summary of the Articles
is contained in paragraph 3 of Part VII of this document under the section headed “Articles of Association”.
The Company consents to the use of this Prospectus by financial intermediaries in connection with any
subsequent resale or final placement of securities by financial intermediaries in the UK, the Channel Islands
35
and the Isle of Man on the following terms: (i) in respect of the Intermediaries who have been appointed by
the Company prior to the date of this Prospectus, as listed in paragraph 14 of Part VII of this Prospectus,
from the date of this Prospectus; and (ii) in respect of Intermediaries who are appointed by the Company
after the date of this Prospectus, a list of which appears on the Company’s website, from the date on which
they are appointed to participate in connection with any subsequent resale or final placement of securities
and, in each case, until the closing of the period for the subsequent resale or final placement of securities
by financial intermediaries at 5.00 p.m. on 26 January 2015, unless closed prior to that date.
AXXX 1.1,
The offer period within which any subsequent resale or final placement of securities by financial intermediaries 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5,
can be made and for which consent to use this Prospectus is given commences on 12 January 2015 and 1.6
closes at 5.00 p.m. on 26 January 2015, unless closed prior to that date (any such prior closure to be
announced via a Regulatory Information Service).
AXXX 2A.2
Information on the terms and conditions of any subsequent resale or final placement of securities
by any financial intermediary is to be provided at the time of the offer by the financial intermediary.
The Company consents to the use of this Prospectus and accepts responsibility for the content of this
Prospectus also with respect to subsequent resale or final placement of securities by any financial
intermediary given consent to use this Prospectus.
Any new information with respect to financial intermediaries unknown at the time of approval of this
Prospectus will be available on the Company’s website.
Data protection
The information that a prospective investor in the Company provides in documents in relation to a
subscription for C Shares or subsequently by whatever means which relates to the prospective investor (if
it is an individual) or a third party individual (“personal data”) will be held and processed by the Company
(and any third party in the United Kingdom to whom it may delegate certain administrative functions in
relation to the Company) in compliance with the relevant data protection legislation and regulatory
requirements of the United Kingdom. Each prospective investor acknowledges and consents that such
information will be held and processed by the Company (or any third party, functionary, or agent appointed
by the Company) for the following purposes:
● verifying the identity of the prospective investor to comply with statutory and regulatory requirements
in relation to anti-money laundering procedures;
● contacting the prospective investor with information about other products and services provided by
the Investment Manager, or its affiliates, which may be of interest to the prospective investor;
● carrying out the business of the Company and the administering of interests in the Company;
● meeting the legal, regulatory, reporting and/or financial obligations of the Company in the UK or
elsewhere; and
● disclosing personal data to other functionaries of, or advisers to, the Company to operate and/or
administer the Company.
Each prospective investor acknowledges and consents that where appropriate it may be necessary for the
Company (or any third party, functionary, or agent appointed by the Company) to:
● disclose personal data to third party service providers, affiliates, agents or functionaries appointed by
the Company or its agents to provide services to prospective investors; and
● transfer personal data outside of EEA States to countries or territories which do not offer the same
level of protection for the rights and freedoms of prospective investors in the United Kingdom (as
applicable).
If the Company (or any third party, functionary or agent appointed by the Company) discloses personal data
to such a third party, agent or functionary and/or makes such a transfer of personal data it will use reasonable
endeavours to ensure that any third party, agent or functionary to whom the relevant personal data is
disclosed or transferred is contractually bound to provide an adequate level of protection in respect of such
personal data.
36
Prospective investors are responsible for informing any third party individual to whom the personal data
relates to the disclosure and use of such data in accordance with these provisions.
Regulatory Information
The contents of this document are not to be construed as advice relating to legal, financial, taxation,
accounting, regulatory, investment decisions or any other matter. Prospective investors must inform
themselves as to:
● the legal requirements within their own countries for the purchase, holding, transfer, redemption or
other disposal of the C Shares;
● any foreign exchange restrictions applicable to the purchase, holding, transfer, redemption or other
disposal of the C Shares which they might encounter; and
● the income and other tax consequences which may apply to them as a result of the purchase, holding,
transfer, redemption or other disposal of the C Shares.
Prospective investors must rely upon their own representatives, including their own legal advisers and
accountants, as to legal, taxation, accounting, regulatory, investment or any other related matters concerning
the Company and an investment therein.
The distribution of this document in jurisdictions other than the United Kingdom may be restricted by law
and persons into whose possession this document comes should inform themselves about and observe
any such restrictions. The C Shares may not be offered, sold, pledged or otherwise transferred to (i) any US
Person or a person acting for the account of a US Person or (ii) a Benefit Plan Investor.
This document does not constitute, and may not be used for the purposes of, an offer or an invitation to
subscribe for any C Shares by any person in any jurisdiction: (i) in which such offer or invitation is not
authorised; or (ii) in which the person making such offer or invitation is not qualified to do so; or (iii) to any
person to whom it is unlawful to make such offer or invitation.
Statements made in this document are based on the law and practice currently in force in England and
Wales and are subject to changes therein.
The distribution of this document in other jurisdictions may be restricted by law and therefore persons into
whose possession this document comes should inform themselves about and observe any such restrictions.
37
EXPECTED TIMETABLE
AIII 5.2.3(g)
2015 AIII 4.7
AIII 5.1.8
AIII 5.1.9
Latest time and date for receipt of completed application forms 5.00 p.m. on 26 January
from the Intermediaries in respect of the Intermediaries Offer AXXX 1.3
Latest time and date for commitments under the Placing 5.00 p.m. on 26 January
AIII 5.2.4
Admission and dealings in C Shares commence 29 January AXIV.1.6
Any changes to the expected timetable set out above will be notified by the Company through a Regulatory
Information Service
*Underlying Applicants who apply to Intermediaries for C Shares under the Intermediaries Offer will not receive share certificates.
ISSUE STATISTICS
Estimated net proceeds of the Issue to be received by the Company* £197.4 million
Expected Net Asset Value per C Share on Admission* £9.87 per C Share
*Assuming that the Issue is subscribed as to £200 million. The costs of the Issue to be borne by the Company will not exceed 1.3 per
cent. of the gross proceeds of the Issue.
DEALING CODES
AIII 4.1
The dealing codes for the C Shares are as follows:
ISIN GB00BV7L9053
SEDOL BV7L905
Ticker P2PC
38
DIRECTORS, INVESTMENT MANAGER, SUB-MANAGER AND ADVISERS
AI 1.1
Directors Stuart Cruickshank AI 14.1(a)
Michael Cassidy
Simon King
AI 5.1.4
Registered Office 1st Floor
40 Dukes Place
London EC3A 7NH
United Kingdom
Telephone: +44 (0)20 7954 9796
AIII 10.1
Sponsor, Broker and Liberum Capital Limited
Sole Bookrunner Level 12, Ropemaker Place
25 Ropemaker Street
London EC2Y 9LY
United Kingdom
AIII 5.4.2
Depositary Deutsche Bank Luxembourg S.A. AXV 5.1
2, boulevard Konrad Adenauer
L-1115 Luxembourg
39
Loan Administrator Deutsche Bank AG, London Branch
Winchester House
1 Great Winchester Street
London EC2N 2DB
United Kingdom
AI 2.1
Auditors and Reporting PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Accountant 1 Embankment Place
London WC2N 6RH
United Kingdom
40
PART I
The Company
AI 5.1.3
The Company is a closed-ended investment company incorporated in England and Wales on 6 December
2013. The Company carries on business as an investment trust within the meaning of Chapter 4 of Part 24
of the Corporation Tax Act 2010.
The Company’s investment objective is to provide Shareholders with an attractive level of dividend income
and capital growth through exposure to investments in alternative finance and related instruments.
The Company invests in consumer loans, SME loans, advances against corporate trade receivables and/or
purchases of corporate trade receivables (“Credit Assets”) which have been originated via Platforms. The
Company will typically seek to invest in Credit Assets with targeted net annualised returns of 5 to 15 per
cent.
The Company purchases Credit Assets directly (via Platforms) and also invests in Credit Assets indirectly
via other investment funds (including those managed by the Investment Manager, the Sub-Manager or their
affiliates).
The Company also invests in the listed or unlisted securities issued by one or more Platforms.
Eaglewood Europe is currently seeking its Part IV permission under FSMA for, inter alia, the regulated activity
of managing an AIF. It is intended that the Management Agreement will be novated to Eaglewood Europe
in due course and that Eaglewood Europe will become the Company’s investment manager, but in any event
not before Eaglewood Europe receives this permission. Further information on the Investment Manager and
Eaglewood Europe is set out in Part II of this document under the heading “Investment Manager”.
The managing member of Eaglewood Europe is MW Eaglewood Management Limited (which currently holds
a majority stake in Eaglewood Europe). MW Eaglewood Management Limited is majority owned by Marshall
Wace Holdings Limited (which is the holding company of the various Marshall Wace operating entities).
Sub-Manager
On 30 April 2014, Marshall Wace Holdings Limited (via a subsidiary) acquired a controlling stake in
Eaglewood Capital Management LLC, a SEC registered investment adviser. The Investment Manager has,
pursuant to the Sub-Management Agreement, delegated certain of its responsibilities and functions,
including its discretionary management of the Company’s portfolio of Credit Assets, to the Sub-Manager.
The Sub-Manager is the manager of the Eaglewood Funds (which invest in Credit Assets) in which the Group
has invested and acts as investment adviser to a number of separate managed accounts which also invest
in Credit Assets.
41
In the traditional bank lending model, a decision to extend credit to an individual or business is not a binary
decision made solely on the creditworthiness of the counterparty. Banks typically make decisions to extend
credit based on a variety of exogenous factors which often results in a lack of credit risk-based pricing for
the borrower. Some of the typical factors that may affect a bank’s lending decisions and the price at which
to extend credit are outlined below.
Banks typically operate on a large fixed cost basis, including personnel, branch infrastructure and
administration. These costs can be a factor in the interest rates offered to their customers.
Bank regulation (in particular in Europe and the US) has also imposed restrictions on certain types of lending
by banks to ensure that deposit taking institutions maintain defined capital and liquidity requirements to
safeguard client deposits. As such, banks will typically make decisions on originating loans at least in part
based on their own capital adequacy requirements in respect of risk weighted assets, as opposed to
analysing the true creditworthiness of borrowers.
Through the emergence of e-commerce and big data processing, the online peer-to-peer lending model
has developed efficient and effective ways to analyse and categorise credit risk across numerous asset
classes. Big data optimisation is the technologically driven process that allows the Platforms to design
underwriting models utilising high volumes of information obtained through third party sources, to make
educated decisions on a borrower’s creditworthiness.
The transparency and scale of information via credit ratings agencies in conjunction with online businesses
that facilitate data analytics allows credit decisions and transactions to be made in an accurate, efficient
and cost effective manner.
Focusing on high quality credit via a transparent and risk based process, Platforms allow borrower members
to obtain loans with interest rates that are often lower than those offered by commercial banks or credit
card providers. Platforms also enable lender members to acquire loans with interest rates and credit
characteristics that can offer attractive returns. As a result, investor and borrower members on Platforms
commonly share the margin that a traditional banking intermediary would normally capture. The Platforms
often charge fees to their lender members for the services provided, including screening borrower members
for their eligibility and credit criteria, managing the supply and demand of the marketplace, and facilitating
payments and debt collection.
P2P process
Platforms typically use multi-level credit and risk rating models to assess the creditworthiness of borrower
members. Consumer Platforms typically focus on high quality borrowers, categorised as prime to super-
prime by historic FICO-based or similar standards.
Certain Platforms provide upwards of 200 anonymised data fields on each borrower member which allows
lender members to make educated decisions in their loan selection process.
Borrower members are required to submit detailed information about themselves, their employment status
(in the case of consumer loans), their general finances and the purpose of their loan. Their applications are
subject to detailed review and credit scoring by the Platforms. Many applications are automatically declined
as a result of failing on one or more basic criteria, for example, insufficient credit scores, debt-to-income
ratios that are too high, or, in the case of SMEs, insufficient financial history. The Platforms also obtain
information and a credit assessment rating from one or more independent credit ratings agencies.
Applications are then further reviewed through their underwriting process, which includes both identification
and fraud checks. In the case of consumer loans, most employed borrowers and/or their employers are
contacted individually in order to verify information provided. After accepting a loan application and classifying
each loan into a credit grade and assigning an interest rate level or band, the Platform posts the loan request
online for funding on an individual or pooled basis, depending on the Platform. As a result, investors then
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have the transparency through certain Platforms to acquire loans based on their desired borrower criteria
and risk appetite.
Once a borrower receives funding and accepts a loan offer, the amortising loan is activated and principal
and interest are paid down on a monthly basis for the specified loan term. Investor members earn the stated
interest net of any Platform servicing fees and less any defaulted repayments.
Consumer loans
The global P2P consumer loan business is a multi-billion dollar industry that matches retail borrowers with
retail and institutional capital at rates that are competitive with those offered by traditional banks. As at
30 September 2014, total consumer credit outstanding in the US stood at US$3.25 trillion (Source: US
Federal Reserve) and the EU market size for outstanding consumer debt to banks was US$705 billion
(Source: European Central Bank).
The cost effective origination model operated by Platforms allows certain consumers to borrow money at
interest rates at which banks would generally not be able to cover their cost base. For example, in the US,
certain consumer borrowers have the opportunity to obtain small loans of up to 5 year terms at interest
rates below 7 per cent. per annum. For lenders, consumer Platforms offer net returns of 5 to 10 per cent.
per annum, depending on the risk profile of their loan selection.
SME loans
The Platforms operating in this asset class focus on connecting institutional and retail capital to SMEs
requiring debt finance. Generally, SMEs that are accepted as borrower members are established businesses.
As at 30 September 2014, the outstanding balance of loans to SMEs in the UK was US$267 billion (Source:
Bank of England).
The emergence of P2P SME loan Platforms in the UK, such as Funding Circle (UK), allows creditworthy
SMEs to borrow money online at interest rates as low as 6 per cent. per annum. For lenders, the Funding
Circle (UK) SME Platform offers the majority of investors net returns of 6 to 8 per cent. per annum.
In many cases, SMEs which sell goods or services to blue chip companies can receive advances against
their invoices via P2P Platforms for an annualised discount factor of 8 to 20 per cent. of the face value of
the invoice.
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Lending Club (US)
Lending Club is a US-based Platform for consumer lending that was established in 2007. It is the largest
P2P loan platform globally, in terms of volume of loan origination, with loan origination over US$6.2 billion
since launch and current quarterly origination reaching approximately US$1.16 billion. Lending Club currently
offers lenders average net annualised returns of 4.7 to 8.8 per cent., depending on credit grade (after fees
and default losses) on their 3 to 5 year fully amortising loans with (across both 3 and 5 year loans) annualised
lifetime default rates of 2 to 14 per cent. (Source: Lending Club website)
Upstart (US)
Launched in April 2012 by ex-Google employees, Upstart offers unsecured loans ranging from US$3,000
to US$25,000 to consumers, including those with shorter credit history (“thin file applicants”) who, based
on Upstart’s underwriting and risk assessment process, are able to demonstrate potential for future income
earnings based on their education and work experience. Upstart currently offers lenders average net
annualised returns of 5.1 per cent. to 8.5 per cent. (after fees and default losses), depending on credit grade.
(Source: Upstart website)
Prosper (US)
Founded in 2005, Prosper is the second largest consumer platform in the US, with more than two million
members and over US$2 billion in funded loans. Borrowers list unsecured loan requests between US$2,000
and US$35,000. The current average expected annualised net yield (after fees) is 6.87 per cent. (Source:
Prosper website)
Zopa (UK)
Zopa, founded in 2005, was the first P2P Platform worldwide and is currently the largest Platform in the UK
with over £712 million in origination since inception. Its business focuses on matching high credit quality
consumer borrowers in search of 2 to 5 year term loans with lenders, who can earn a current expected
annualised net yield (after fees) of 4.0 per cent. and 5.1 per cent. on 3 and 5 year loans respectively. Loans
originated through the Platform have an historic lifetime overall default loss rate of less than 0.7 per cent.
(Source: Zopa website).
RateSetter (UK)
Founded in 2010, the business has emerged as one of the leading UK consumer Platforms, having originated
over £430 million since launch. The current average expected annualised net yield (after fees) is 4.3 per
cent. and 5.9 per cent on 3 and 5 year loans respectively. Over the full term, RateSetter expects the bad
debt rate on outstanding loans to be approximately 2.326 per cent. (Source: RateSetter website).
Default rates
Borrower default rates across Platforms are key variables that could impact the Company’s future
performance. The Investment Manager has undertaken substantial research into historical loss rates across
each of the Platforms via which the Company purchases assets in order to extrapolate forecasted default
losses. The methodology and assumptions used by the Platforms to present historical default experience
varies for different Platforms and certain Platforms have more limited performance data due to their short
operating history, and accordingly past data may not reflect future developments. In order to evaluate
expected net returns on loans, the Investment Manager applies what it considers to be a realistic, yet
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prudent, view on expected annualised loss rates by considering fully matured loans and loans that have
sufficient performance history to extrapolate expected lifetime of loan defaults based on default curves.
The FCA has also introduced new regulatory controls for Platform operators, including the application of
conduct of business rules (in particular, around disclosure and promotions), minimum capital requirements,
client money protection rules, dispute resolution rules and a requirement for firms to take reasonable steps
to ensure existing loans continue to be administered if the firm goes out of business.
The Company currently holds an interim permission from the FCA for its consumer credit regulated activities.
As the holder of an interim permission, the Company is required to comply with the FCA’s Principles for
Business and is subject to certain of the FCA’s Systems and Controls (SYSC) guidance for consumer credit
firms. The Company will, between 1 August 2015 and 31 October 2015, be required to seek full authorisation
from the FCA. Once the Company is fully authorised, it will also be subject to a number of other requirements
applicable to other authorised firms, including the approved persons regime, the controllers regime, periodic
reporting requirements and complaints reporting and publication rules.
The FCA has created a new sourcebook called CONC which contains the detailed conduct requirements
for consumer credit firms. This sets out the detailed requirements on the Company in relation to its activities
of lending under regulated consumer credit agreements and on the Platforms which facilitate such lending.
As both the holder of an interim permission and as a fully authorised consumer credit firm that will, through
certain Platforms, be lending to UK consumer borrowers, the Company is and will be subject to detailed
requirements in relation to, inter alia, the content of loan agreements with those borrowers and pre-contract
disclosures to such borrowers.
United States
Consumer lending in the US is highly regulated. SME and other types of lending are less regulated but are
by no means free of regulatory oversight in the US.
For consumer lending regulatory reasons in the US, Platforms following the Lending Club model operate
differently to the UK Platforms. All loans on the Lending Club Platform are closed in the name of and are
exclusively funded by WebBank, a Utah-chartered industrial bank organised under Title 7, Chapter 8 of the
Utah Code and which has its deposits insured by the FDIC. It has worked jointly with Lending Club to act
as issuer of the Platform’s loans. WebBank is subject to supervision and examination by the Utah Department
of Financial Institutions and the FDIC. Following loan closing and funding, WebBank holds each loan for two
days before it sells each loan to Lending Club.
The US Platforms following the Lending Club model are required to hold consumer lending licences,
collections licences or similar authorisations in some states. Such Platforms are subject to supervision and
examination by the state regulatory authorities that administer the state lending laws. The licensing statutes
vary from state to state and variously prescribe or impose recordkeeping requirements; restrictions on loan
origination and servicing practices, including limits on finance charges and the type, amount and manner of
charging fees; disclosure requirements; requirements that licensees submit to periodic examination; surety
bond and minimum specified net worth requirements; periodic financial reporting requirements; notification
45
requirements for changes in principal officers, stock ownership or corporate control; restrictions on
advertising; and requirements that loan forms be submitted for review.
Funding Circle (US) operates differently to Lending Club. ELN Partners, LP an affiliate of Funding Circle (US),
holds a California Finance Lender’s License and originates commercial loans to SMEs. It then sells those
loans to institutional and accredited investors.
A US Platform takes one of the following actions with respect to each loan: (a) it holds it on its books and
sells borrower payment dependent notes (“Notes”), to each investor who made a successful bid in relation
to a borrower’s loan request, with the cash flows on the Notes tracking the cash flows on the underlying
borrower loan, or (b) in the case of Lending Club, certificates (“Certificates”) are issued by LC Trust I, a trust
affiliated with Lending Club. The Certificates are linked to interests in consumer loans which Lending Club
has acquired from WebBank, or (c) it sells all rights, title and interest in the loan pursuant to a loan purchase
agreement (“Loan Purchase Agreement”) to a single acquirer which becomes the sole investor in such loan.
The sale of Notes (described in (a) above) is the mechanism pursuant to which the Platform sells “fractional
loans” to an investor (namely, where the investor holds, through the Notes, only a percentage of a particular
loan). The Notes are registered as securities with the US Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). As
they are securities registered with the SEC, they may be sold by a holder via a secondary market.
The sale of Certificates (described in (b) above) through Lending Club is specific to lender member interest
in LC Advisors, an SEC registered investment adviser that acts as the general partner for certain separately
managed accounts offered by Lending Club. These Certificates, although linked to the acquisition of
fractional interests in consumer loans similar to the Notes, are not registered with the SEC and accordingly
may not be sold in the same way as Notes.
The sale pursuant to (c) above is the mechanism for the sale of “whole loans” to the acquirer. The whole
loan programme is generally available only to institutional investors and they are not SEC registered securities.
In each of the above scenarios, the Platform services the borrower’s loan, collects payments and makes
distributions to the lender members in accordance with the terms of the Notes, Certificates or the Loan
Purchase Agreement, as applicable. For its loan servicing activity, the Platform earns servicing fees.
In the US, the Company acquires loans or interests in loans through various techniques, including the
purchase of Notes, Certificates and the purchase of whole loans directly.
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PART II
THE COMPANY
Investment objective
AXV 1.1
The Company’s investment objective is to provide Shareholders with an attractive level of dividend income
and capital growth through exposure to investments in alternative finance and related instruments.
Investment policy
The Company invests in consumer loans, SME loans, advances against corporate trade receivables and/or
purchases of corporate trade receivables (“Credit Assets”) which have been originated via Platforms. The
Company will typically seek to invest in Credit Assets with targeted net annualised returns of 5 to 15 per
cent.
The Company purchases Credit Assets directly (via Platforms) and also invests in Credit Assets indirectly
via other investment funds (including those managed by the Investment Manager, the Sub-Manager or their
affiliates) that it deems suitable with a view to enhancing Shareholder returns and providing diversification of
the Company’s assets. The Company will generally only seek to invest via other investment funds where
these enable investments in Credit Assets from Platforms that the Company either cannot gain direct access
to or could only gain direct access to on less favourable terms than an investment via another investment
fund. Although the Company may invest in other investment funds that are managed by the Investment
Manager, the Sub-Manager or their affiliates, these other investment funds will not be part of the Company’s
group. The Company’s investments in Credit Assets may be made through subsidiaries of the Company.
The Company may also invest (in aggregate) up to 5 per cent. of Gross Assets (at the time of investment)
in the listed or unlisted securities issued by one or more Platforms. This restriction shall not apply to any
consideration paid by the Company for the issue to it of any convertible securities by a Platform. However,
it will apply to any consideration payable by the Company at the time of exercise of any such convertible
securities or any warrants issued by a Platform.
The Company invests across various Platforms, asset classes, geographies (primarily US and Europe) and
credit risk bands in order to ensure diversification and to seek to mitigate concentration risks. The following
investment limits and restrictions apply to the Company, to ensure that the diversification of the Company’s
portfolio is maintained and that concentration risk is limited:
Platform restrictions
The Company will not invest more than 33 per cent. of Gross Assets via any single Platform. This limit may
be increased to 66 per cent. of Gross Assets via any single Platform, provided that where this limit is so
increased in respect of any Platform the Company does not invest an amount which is greater than 25 per
cent. (by value) of the total loan origination of the preceding calendar year through such Platform.
The Company will not invest more than 20 per cent. of Gross Assets, at the time of investment, via any AXV 2.1
single investment fund investing in Credit Assets. The Company will not invest, in aggregate, more than 60
per cent. of Gross Assets, at the time of investment, in other investment funds that invest in Credit Assets.
The Company will not invest more than 10 per cent. of its Gross Assets, at the time of investment, in other
listed closed-ended investment funds, whether managed by the Investment Manager or not, except that
this restriction shall not apply to investments in listed closed-ended investment funds which themselves
have stated investment policies to invest no more than 15 per cent. of their gross assets in other listed
closed-ended investment funds.
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The following restrictions apply, in each case at the time of investment by the Company, to both Credit
Assets acquired by the Company directly and on a look-through basis to any Credit Assets held by another
investment fund in which the Company invests:
No single consumer loan acquired by the Company shall exceed 0.25 per cent. of Gross Assets.
No single SME loan acquired by the Company shall exceed 5.0 per cent. of Gross Assets.
No single trade receivable asset acquired by the Company shall exceed 5.0 per cent. of Gross Assets.
The following restrictions apply to both Credit Assets acquired by the Company directly and on a look-
through basis to any Credit Assets held by another investment fund in which the Company invests:
At least 10 per cent. (but not more than 75 per cent.) of Gross Assets will be maintained in consumer Credit
Assets, not more than 50 per cent. of Gross Assets will be maintained in SME Credit Assets and not more
than 50 per cent. of Gross Assets will be maintained in trade receivable assets.
The Company will maintain at least 10 per cent. of Gross Assets in Credit Assets in Europe and at least 10
per cent. of Gross Assets in Credit Assets in the United States.
Other restrictions
AXV.2.8
The Company may invest in cash, cash equivalents and fixed income instruments for cash management
purposes and with a view to enhancing returns to Shareholders or mitigating credit exposure. However, the
Company will only invest in fixed income instruments of investment grade.
Borrowing policy
Borrowings may be employed at the level of the Company and at the level of any investee entity (including
any other investment fund in which the Company invests or any special purpose vehicle (“SPV”) that may AXV 1.2
be established by the Company in connection with obtaining leverage against any of its assets).
The Company itself may borrow (through bank or other facilities) up to 33 per cent. of Net Asset Value
(calculated at the time of draw down under any facility that the Company has entered into).
The aggregate leverage of the Company and any investee entity (on a look-through basis) shall not exceed
1.5 times Net Asset Value.
The Company may seek to securitise all or parts of its portfolio of Credit Assets and may establish one or
more SPVs in connection with any such securitisation.
To the extent that the Company establishes any SPV in connection with obtaining leverage against any of
its assets or in connection with the securitisation of its loans, it is likely that any such vehicles will be wholly-
owned subsidiaries of the Company. The Company may use SPVs for these purposes to seek to protect
the levered portfolio from group level bankruptcy or financing risks. The Company may also, in connection
with seeking such leverage or securitising its loans, seek to assign existing assets to one or more SPVs
and/or seek to acquire loans using an SPV. The Company will ensure that any SPV used by it to acquire or
receive (by way of assignment or otherwise) any loans to UK consumers shall first obtain any required
authorisation from the FCA for consumer credit business.
No material change will be made to the investment policy without the approval of Shareholders by ordinary
resolution.
Hedging policy
The Company typically seeks to hedge currency exposure between Sterling and any other currency in which
the Group’s assets may be denominated, including US Dollars and Euros.
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The Company will, to the extent it is able to do so on terms that the Investment Manager considers to be
commercially acceptable, seek to arrange suitable hedging contracts, such as currency swap agreements,
futures contracts, options and forward currency exchange and other derivative contracts (including, but not
limited to, interest rate swaps and credit default swaps) in a timely manner and on terms acceptable to the
Company.
The Company does not intend to hedge interest rate risk on a regular basis. However, where it enters floating-
rate liabilities against fixed-rate loans, it may at its sole discretion seek to hedge out the interest rate exposure,
taking into consideration amongst other things the cost of hedging and the general interest rate environment.
Subsequently, a systems and infrastructure validation is carried out to assess the robustness of each
potential partner Platform’s systems and infrastructure in the context of its internal operations and
procedures, as well as its ability to manage operational risks in its major internal functions.
The Investment Manager intends, as far as possible, to automate all information gathering, documentation
and reconciliation processes, and will seek to implement API access to Platforms’ data; both on its existing
portfolio of investments through a Platform and in relation to potential investments through a Platform.
Within each risk band of Credit Assets, the Investment Manager typically has a further choice of individual
assets to select from. Depending on each Platform’s operating model, Credit Assets may be offered for sale
on an individual or a pooled basis. The Investment Manager may work with partner Platforms to design
bespoke credit and underwriting criteria that are set as minimum requirements for any loans selected by
the Investment Manager for investment, or will develop its own algorithms for selecting individual assets,
again based on expected default loss and net return rates. The Investment Manager intends to exploit its
algorithms and technology to achieve the fastest possible execution for the acquisition of loans through
Platforms.
The Investment Manager allocates assets using its proprietary asset selection models which are designed
to identify individual assets within each Platform credit grade with superior risk/reward ratios. The proprietary
asset selection models will seek to generate outperformance from active selection of individual assets, as
compared to a passive investment approach, by analysing parameters such as default risk, duration,
geography and asset class at the market place and aggregate portfolio level. The Investment Manager
backtests the performance of historical loan parameters to assess their outperformance against indexing.
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Portfolio and risk monitoring
The balance of anticipated rewards with inherent risks is an integral part of the Investment Manager’s asset
selection strategy and drives all aspects of capital allocation. The Investment Manager applies risk
management processes in order to limit the impact of unforeseen shocks, maintain the required
diversification standards, and provide the Board with timely and accurate reporting on all components of
the Group’s portfolio of investments. The Investment Manager has built extensive portfolio monitoring tools
that calculate exposures for controlled parameters and other categories, such as asset class, Platform,
geography, expected default loss rates, payment status, term and time to maturity. For example, US
Platforms generally offer a wider credit grade spectrum of loans as compared to the UK Platforms. Platforms
in both the US and the UK, however, offer loans that meet an acceptable risk-return profile that the
Investment Manager seeks to invest in in order to create a diversified portfolio of Credit Assets.
The Investment Manager’s portfolio monitoring tools also allow the Investment Manager to drill-down into
sub-categories and conduct scenario analysis of future positions. For assets that have attained around 30
per cent. of their scheduled maturity, the Investment Manager regularly compares realised static pool losses
against initial expected losses. The Investment Manager also regularly monitors the correlation between
default loss rates from different asset classes.
Stress tests on the portfolio are based on scaling of the expected portfolio loss rates. The Investment
Manager uses long-term historical time-series, such as the US Federal Reserve’s credit card charge-off
statistics, to calibrate its stress severities.
Where the Company invests in Credit Assets indirectly through any other investment fund, those investments
are made in accordance with the investment policy, investment strategy and risk tolerances stated above.
Each such investment fund is analysed and monitored to understand its investment objective and policy,
the associated credit asset risk and its ability to generate returns for the Company. At the Company portfolio
level, any investments into other investment funds are expected to assist in mitigating any concentration
risks by offering the Company the opportunity to access a broader spectrum of Credit Assets through
different Platforms and across different credit grades, enhancing the overall portfolio diversification the
Company seeks while also supporting the risk-adjusted returns that the Company is targeting.
The Company may also seek to make strategic investments in the equity of Platforms where the Investment
Manager believes there to be significant potential valuation upside. The Investment Manager will seek to
invest in Platforms which exhibit the potential to capture significant market share. The Investment Manager
will undertake an extensive due diligence process prior to the acquisition of any equity stake in a Platform.
The Company will be a passive investor in any Platform in which it invests.
Investment portfolio
As at the Latest Practicable Date, the Company had deployed 89.86 per cent. of the net proceeds of the
First Placing and Offer (“Net Proceeds”) in European and US consumer and SME Credit Assets and in equity
issued by Platforms, with the balance being held as cash and other assets in accordance with the Company’s
investment policy. The table below illustrates the portfolio composition as at the Latest Practicable Date,
and has been produced from unaudited Investment Manager management accounts:
As at 30 November 2014, the unaudited Net Asset Value per Ordinary Share was 996.80 pence, the
Company having deployed approximately 77 per cent. of the Net Proceeds as at that date. It is expected
that the unaudited Net Asset Value per Ordinary Share as at 31 December 2014 will be published prior to
the close of the Issue.
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Dividend policy
The Company intends to distribute at least 85 per cent. of its distributable income earned in each financial
year by way of dividends. The Company declared its first dividend in November 2014, which was paid on
30 December 2014, in respect of the period to 30 September 2014. The Company intends to pay dividends
on a quarterly basis, with dividends for 2015 expected to be declared in February, May, August and
November and paid in April, June, October and December. The Company targets an annualised dividend
yield of at least 6 to 8 per cent. of the Issue Price.
It is the intention of the Board to move towards a policy of balancing the quarterly dividend payments as
soon as the revenue reserve position of the Company permits this approach.
Investors should note that the target dividend, including its declaration and payment dates, is a target only
and not a profit forecast. There may be a number of factors that adversely affect the Company’s ability to
achieve the target dividends and there can be no assurance that it will be met or that any growth in the
dividend will be achieved. The target dividend should not be seen as an indication of the Company’s
expected or actual results or returns. Accordingly, investors should not rely on these targets in deciding
whether to invest in the Shares or assume that the Company will make any distributions at all.
In accordance with regulation 19 of the Investment Trust (Approved Company) (Tax) Regulations 2011, the
Company will not (except to the extent permitted by those regulations) retain more than 15 per cent. of its
income (as calculated for UK tax purposes) in respect of an accounting period.
Shareholders electing to join the Plan will have as many Ordinary Shares as possible purchased for them
from the proceeds of their cash dividends. A dealing commission and stamp duty reserve tax (at the
prevailing rate) will be charged on the value of any Ordinary Shares purchased. The Plan is administered by
Capita IRG Trustees Limited.
Premium management
In the event that the Ordinary Shares trade at a premium to NAV, the Company may issue new Ordinary
Shares. The Directors have authority to issue Ordinary Shares representing up to 10 per cent. of the
Company’s issued ordinary share capital until the first annual general meeting of the Company. Shareholders’
pre-emption rights over this unissued share capital have been disapplied so that the Directors will not be
obliged to offer any new Ordinary Shares to Shareholders on a pro rata basis. The reason for this is to retain
flexibility to issue new Ordinary Shares to investors. No Ordinary Shares will be issued at a price less than
the Net Asset Value per existing Ordinary Share at the time of their issue.
Investors should note that the issuance of new Ordinary Shares is entirely at the discretion of the Board,
and no expectation or reliance should be placed on such discretion being exercised on any one or more
occasions or as to the proportion of new Ordinary Shares that may be issued.
Treasury shares
The Act allows companies to hold shares acquired by way of market purchase as treasury shares, rather
than having to cancel them. This would give the Company the ability to re-issue Ordinary Shares quickly
and cost effectively, thereby improving liquidity and providing the Company with additional flexibility in the
management of its capital base. No Ordinary Shares will be sold from treasury at a price less than the Net
Asset Value per existing Ordinary Share at the time of their sale.
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Discount management
The Company may seek to address any significant discount to NAV at which its Ordinary Shares may be
trading by purchasing its own Ordinary Shares in the market on an ad hoc basis.
The Directors have the authority to make market purchases of up to 14.99 per cent. of the Ordinary Shares
in issue following the conclusion of the First Placing and Offer. The maximum price (exclusive of expenses)
which may be paid for an Ordinary Share must not be more than the higher of (i) 5 per cent. above the
average of the mid-market values of the Ordinary Shares for the five Business Days before the purchase is
made, or (ii) the higher of the price of the last independent trade and the highest current independent bid
for the Ordinary Shares. Ordinary Shares will be repurchased only at prices below the prevailing NAV per
Ordinary Share, which should have the effect of increasing the NAV per Ordinary Share for remaining
Shareholders.
A renewal of the authority to make market purchases will be sought from Shareholders at each annual
general meeting of the Company. Purchases of Ordinary Shares will be made within guidelines established
from time to time by the Board. Any purchase of Ordinary Shares would be made only out of the available
cash resources of the Company. Ordinary Shares purchased by the Company may be held in treasury or
cancelled.
Purchases of Ordinary Shares may be made only in accordance with the Act, the Listing Rules and the
Disclosure and Transparency Rules.
Conversion of C Shares
The net proceeds of the Issue and the investments made with the net proceeds of the Issue will be
accounted for and managed as a separate pool of assets until the Calculation Date, being a date determined
by the Directors occurring not more than 10 Business Days after the day on which the Investment Manager
shall have given notice to the Directors that at least 90 per cent. of the net proceeds of the Issue (or such
other percentage as the Directors and Investment Manager shall agree) shall have been invested (or, if earlier,
nine months after the date of issue of the C Shares). It is expected that the net proceeds of the Issue will be
invested in cash deposits, cash equivalents and fixed income instruments for cash management purposes,
pending investment in Credit Assets. The Investment Manager expects the net proceeds of the Issue to be
largely fully invested within 6 to 9 months of Admission.
The Conversion Ratio will then be calculated (to four decimal places) and the C Shares in issue will convert
into a number of Ordinary Shares calculated by reference to the net assets then attributable to the C Shares
compared to the net assets at the same time attributable to the Ordinary Shares then in issue. Entitlements
to Ordinary Shares will be rounded down to the nearest whole number. The C Shares will convert into
Ordinary Shares on the Conversion Date, being the close of business on such Business Day as may be
selected by the Directors falling not more than 10 Business Days after the Calculation Date.
The Articles contain the C Share rights, full details of which are set out in paragraph 3.18 of Part VII of this
document.
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The Net Asset Value is the value of all assets of the Company less its liabilities to creditors (including
provisions for such liabilities) determined in accordance with the Association of Investment Companies’
valuation guidelines and in accordance with applicable accounting standards.
Investments in unlisted equity are valued at fair value through the profit and loss account. The fair value is
based on cost less accumulated impairment loss as determined by the Investment Manager at the date of
measurement relative to comparable instruments. The value of financial instruments is as determined by the
purchase value less transaction costs at the time of recognition. Borrowings are valued as the principal
amount of borrowings less any discounts and costs of issuance. All loans and receivables are accounted
for on trade date based on an amortised cost basis. At acquisition, loans are valued at the initial advance
amount inclusive of any fees paid to the Platforms or, at the purchase consideration paid, if acquired from
a third party. Thereafter, all loans are valued at this amount less cumulative amortisation calculated using
the Effective Interest Rate (‘EIR’) method. The EIR method spreads the expected net income from a loan
over its expected life. The EIR is that rate of interest which, at inception, exactly discounts the future cash
payments and receipts from the loan to the initial carrying amount.
Loans advanced are assessed by the Investment Manager for indications of impairment during and at the
end of each reporting period. Evidence of impairment includes: (a) significant financial difficulty of the
Platform; (b) breach of contract, such as default or delinquency in interest or principal payments; and (c)
probability that a borrower will enter bankruptcy or financial reorganisation.
Loans advanced are further assessed for impairment on a collective basis even if they are assessed not to
be impaired individually. Observable changes in economic conditions or changes in forecasted default or
delinquency in interest or principal payments based on the Investment Manager’s past experience are
applied. The level of impairment loss recognised is the difference between the asset’s carrying amount and
the present value of estimated cash flows, discounted at the financial asset’s original effective interest rate.
The carrying amount is reduced directly by the applied impairment loss. Changes in the level of impairment
are recognised in the profit and loss account although if in a subsequent period the previously recognised
impairment loss is reversed the sum reversed is not more than that which is required to ensure that the
carrying amount of the loan advance is not more than what the amortised cost would have been had the
impairment not been recognised.
If the Directors consider that any of the above bases of valuation are inappropriate in any particular case, or
generally, they may adopt such other valuation procedures as they consider reasonable in the circumstances.
For example, in the event that a liquid secondary market or exchange in P2P Credit Assets is established
and the Company elects to buy and sell Credit Assets via this exchange, the Company may adopt a fair
value accounting methodology.
The Directors may temporarily suspend the calculation, and publication, of the Net Asset Value during a AXV 6.2
period when, in the opinion of the Directors:
● there are political, economic, military or monetary events or any circumstances outside the control,
responsibility or power of the Board, and disposal or valuation of investments of the Company or other
transactions in the ordinary course of the Company’s business is not reasonably practicable without
this being materially detrimental to the interests of Shareholders or if, in the opinion of the Board, the
Net Asset Value cannot be fairly calculated;
● there is a breakdown of the means of communication normally employed in determining the calculation
of the Net Asset Value; or
● it is not reasonably practicable to determine the Net Asset Value on an accurate and timely basis.
Any suspension in the calculation of the Net Asset Value, to the extent required under the Articles or by the
Listing Rules, will be notified through a Regulatory Information Service as soon as practicable after any such
suspension occurs.
53
following four months. The Company also publishes unaudited half-yearly reports to 30 June with copies
expected to be sent to Shareholders within the following two months.
Given the existence of the buyback powers as set out in the paragraphs above, there are certain
considerations that Shareholders should be aware of with regard to the Takeover Code.
Under Rule 9 of the Takeover Code, any person who acquires shares which, taken together with shares
already held by him or shares held or acquired by persons acting in concert with him, carry 30 per cent. or
more of the voting rights of a company which is subject to the Takeover Code, are normally required to
make a general offer to all the remaining shareholders to acquire their shares. Similarly, when any person or
persons acting in concert already hold more than 30 per cent. but not more than 50 per cent. of the voting
rights of such company, a general offer will normally be required if any further shares increasing that person’s
percentage of voting rights are acquired.
Under Rule 37 of the Takeover Code when a company purchases its own voting shares, a resulting increase
in the percentage of voting rights carried by the shareholdings of any person or group of persons acting in
concert will be treated as an acquisition for the purposes of Rule 9 of the Takeover Code. A Shareholder
who is neither a Director nor acting in concert with a Director will not normally incur an obligation to make
an offer under Rule 9 of the Takeover Code in these circumstances.
However, under note 2 to Rule 37 of the Takeover Code where a shareholder has acquired shares at a time
when he had reason to believe that a purchase by the company of its own voting shares would take place,
then an obligation to make a mandatory bid under Rule 9 of the Takeover Code may arise.
The buyback powers could have implications under Rule 9 of the Takeover Code for Shareholders with
significant shareholdings. The buyback powers should enable the Company to anticipate the possibility of
such a situation arising. Prior to the Board implementing any share buyback the Board will identify any
Shareholders who they are aware may be deemed to be acting in concert under note 1 of Rule 37 of the
Takeover Code and will seek an appropriate waiver in accordance with note 2 of Rule 37. However, neither
the Company, nor any of the Directors, nor the Investment Manager will incur any liability to any
Shareholder(s) if they fail to identify the possibility of a mandatory offer arising or, if having identified such a
possibility, they fail to notify the relevant Shareholder(s) or if the relevant Shareholder(s) fail(s) to take
appropriate action.
Taxation
Potential investors are referred to Part VI of this document for details of the taxation of the Company and of
Shareholders resident for tax purposes in the UK. Investors who are in any doubt as to their tax position or
who are subject to tax in jurisdictions other than the UK are strongly advised to consult their own professional
advisers.
Risk factors
The Company’s business is dependent on many factors and potential investors should read the whole of
this document and in particular the section entitled “Risk Factors” on pages 18 to 34.
54
PART III
AI 14.1
Directors
The Directors are responsible for the determination of the Company’s investment policy and strategy and
have overall responsibility for the Company’s activities including the review of investment activity and
performance and the control and supervision of the Investment Manager. All of the Directors are non-
executive and are independent of the Investment Manager.
The Directors meet at least four times per annum, and the Audit and Valuation Committee meets at least
twice per annum. The Directors are as follows:
Stuart has a number of non-executive roles. He chairs the Audit Committee of and is the Vice Chairman of
Cambridge Building Society and is Chairman of the BMA Audit Committee. He recently took InternetQ Plc
through the AIM admission process and chaired the organisation through the early stages of its life as a
public company. He has previously held non-executive positions in the healthcare sector as well as with the
technology company, Psion Plc.
Investment Manager
The Company’s investment manager is Marshall Wace LLP (“MW LLP”). MW LLP was founded by (and
remains, indirectly, majority controlled by) Paul Marshall and Ian Wace. MW LLP was incorporated as a
limited liability partnership on 16 May 2002 under the laws of England and Wales and is authorised and
regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority. MW LLP is a signatory to the Hedge Funds Standards Board
Best Practice Standards.
55
MW LLP, with the assistance of principals and employees of Eaglewood Europe LLP (“Eaglewood Europe”)
who have been seconded to MW LLP, is responsible for the management of the assets of the Company in
accordance with the terms of the Management Agreement. Eaglewood Europe is a newly established limited
liability partnership incorporated under the laws of England and Wales and is indirectly majority owned and
controlled by Marshall Wace Holdings Limited, the ultimate parent company of MW LLP. Simon Champ is
a member of Eaglewood Europe. Liberum is also a member of Eaglewood Europe, holding a 2.5 per cent.
interest in Eaglewood Europe. Liberum also has the right to be awarded a further 2.5 per cent. interest in
Eaglewood Europe in the event that specified revenue hurdles are achieved by Eaglewood Europe.
MW LLP has invested substantially in technology and has built a robust and scalable global infrastructure.
MW LLP’s expertise has been leveraged by building out the operations and technology infrastructure which
it will use in the management, including execution and reconciliation, of the Group’s portfolio.
Eaglewood Europe is currently seeking its Part IV permission under FSMA for, inter alia, the regulated activity
of managing an AIF. It is intended that the Management Agreement will be novated to Eaglewood Europe
in due course, but in any event not before Eaglewood Europe receives this permission.
Eaglewood Europe will have access to the operational and technology infrastructure developed by MW LLP
for the execution and reconciliation of the Group’s portfolio.
Management Agreement
The Company and the Investment Manager have entered into the Management Agreement, a summary of
which is set out in paragraph 7.6 of Part VII of this document, under which the Investment Manager has
been given responsibility for the discretionary management of the Company’s assets (including uninvested
cash) in accordance with the Company’s investment policy, subject to the overall control and supervision of
the Directors.
Details of the fees and expenses payable to the Investment Manager are set out in the section headed “Fees
and expenses” below.
Sub-Manager
The Investment Manager has, pursuant to the Sub-Management Agreement, delegated certain of its
responsibilities and functions, including its discretionary management of the Company’s portfolio of Credit
Assets, to the Sub-Manager, Eaglewood Capital Management LLC. The Sub-Manager is an affiliate of the
Investment Manager. The Sub-Manager is a Delaware limited liability company and is registered with the
SEC as an investment adviser under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended. The Sub-Manager
is also responsible for managing the Eaglewood Funds in which the Group has invested.
Biographies of the key personnel of the Investment Manager and the Sub-Manager involved in the provision
of services to the Company are as follows:
Simon Champ
AI 14.1(c)
Simon is the Chief Executive Officer of Eaglewood Europe and has been seconded to the Investment
Manager. Simon has nineteen years’ experience in banking as a Director of Equity Sales and Equity Capital
Markets at Dresdner Kleinwort, JP Morgan Cazenove and most recently Liberum. As a founder and former
board Director of Liberum, Simon was part of a number of innovative transactions in the equity space and
has advised many new technology companies in equity and debt raisings. Simon has been involved in the
UK peer-to-peer industry as both an investor and advisor and has built extensive relationships with many of
the leading peer-to-peer platforms.
Abror Ismailov
Abror Ismailov is a Portfolio Manager at Eaglewood Europe with responsibility for managing the Company’s
assets and has been seconded to the Investment Manager. Previously Abror worked as a Director within
Lazard’s Structured Credit Advisory group, was a Senior Portfolio Manager for Union Investment in Frankfurt,
a Portfolio Manager at Cambridge Place Investment Management and worked within the Global Portfolio
56
Management Group at Deutsche Bank. In these roles, Abror has been responsible for managing over
€3.5 billion of funds invested in structured credit, real estate and private equity investments.
He holds Master’s degrees in Business and Finance from University of Hamburg, University of Nantes and
University of Valencia and is a CFA charterholder.
Steven Lee
Steven is the Chief Investment Officer of Eaglewood. Prior to joining the Sub-Manager, Steven worked for
Cambridge Place Investment Management, a London-based hedge fund, as the Global Head of Credit and
Research. Prior to Cambridge Place Investment Management, he worked as a Director for UBS in Zürich in
cash and collateral trading and as a research analyst at Fidelity Investments focused on ABS and corporate
debt. He has also worked for Prudential and Coopers & Lybrand. Steven has over 20 years of fixed income
investment experience and has invested across several ABS sectors, both in the United States and in
Europe. Steven graduated with an M.B.A. from the University of Chicago, a B.S. from Binghamton University
and is a CFA charterholder.
Jonathan Barlow
Jon is the Chief Executive Officer of Eaglewood. Prior to founding the Sub-Manager, Jon worked for Weiss
Multi-Strategy Advisers, a US$2.5 billion New York based hedge fund, where he co-managed a US $350
million investment portfolio concentrated in the real estate and financial sectors globally. Previously, Jon
worked as a Portfolio Manager and Vice President within proprietary trading at Lehman Brothers, where he
co-founded their small-cap investment strategy and focused on real estate and financial companies in the
United States. Jon started his career with J.P. Morgan in New York. He graduated with a B.S. in accounting
from Brigham University, and is a CFA charterholder.
The costs and expenses of the Issue (including all fees, commissions and expenses payable to the Sole
Bookrunner) will be paid by the Company out of the proceeds of the Issue (and accordingly will be borne
by the holders of C Shares only). Such costs and expenses have been capped at £2.6 million, equivalent to
1.3 per cent. of the gross proceeds of the Issue, assuming gross proceeds of £200 million are received
under the Issue.
Management Fee
The management fee is payable monthly in arrears and is at the rate of 1/12 of 1.0 per cent. per month
of Net Asset Value (the “Management Fee”).
57
Where there are C Shares in issue, the Management Fee will be charged on the net assets attributable
to the Ordinary Shares and the C Shares respectively.
To seek to avoid fee layering, if at any time the Company invests in or through any other investment
fund or special purpose vehicle and a management fee or advisory fee is charged to such investment
fund or special purpose vehicle by the Investment Manager, the Sub-Manager or any of their affiliates,
the value of such investment will be excluded from the calculation of Net Asset Value for the purposes
of determining the Management Fee.
The Investment Manager charges a fee based on a percentage of gross assets (such percentage not
to exceed 1.0 per cent.) to any entity which is within the Group and which employs leverage for the
purpose of its investment policy or strategy.
Performance fee
The Investment Manager is also entitled to a performance fee calculated by reference to the movements
in the Adjusted Net Asset Value (as defined below) since the end of the Calculation Period (as defined
below) in respect of which a performance fee was last earned or First Admission if no performance fee
has yet been earned (the “High Water Mark”).
The performance fee will be calculated in respect of each twelve month period starting on 1 January
and ending on 31 December in each calendar year (a “Calculation Period”), save that the first
Calculation Period was the period commencing on First Admission and ending on 31 December 2014
and provided further that if at the end of what would otherwise be a Calculation Period no performance
fee has been earned in respect of that period, the Calculation Period shall carry on for the next 12
month period and shall be deemed to be the same Calculation Period and this process shall continue
until a performance fee is next earned at the end of the relevant period.
The performance fee will be a sum equal to 15 per cent. of such amount (if positive) and will only be
payable if the Adjusted Net Asset Value at the end of a Calculation Period exceeds the High Water
Mark. The performance fee shall be payable to the Investment Manager in arrears within 30 calendar
days of the end of the relevant Calculation Period.
“Adjusted Net Value” means the Net Asset Value adjusted for: (i) any increases or decreases in Net
Asset Value arising from issues or repurchases of Ordinary Shares during the relevant Calculation
Period; (ii) adding back the aggregate amount of any dividends or distributions (for which no adjustment
has already been made under (i)) made by the Company at any time during the relevant Calculation
Period; (iii) before deduction for any accrued performance fees; and (iv) to the extent that the Company
invests in any other investment fund or via any SPV or via any separate managed account arrangement
which is managed or advised by the Investment Manager, the Sub-Manager or any of their affiliates
(including the Eaglewood Funds), if the Investment Manager, the Sub-Manager or such affiliate is
entitled to (including where it is not yet earned) receive a performance fee or performance allocation at
the level of that investee entity or under such separate managed account arrangement, excluding any
gain or loss attributable to those investments during the relevant Calculation Period.
The Investment Manager shall be entitled to a performance fee in respect of the net assets referable
to the C Shares on the same basis as summarised above. A Calculation Period shall be deemed to
end on the date of their conversion into Ordinary Shares.
(ii) Administration
Under the terms of the Administration Agreement, the Administrator is entitled to an administration fee
of 0.05 per cent. per annum of Net Asset Value, subject to a minimum monthly fee of £5,000 (exclusive
of VAT).
58
(iii) Company Secretary
Under the terms of the Company Secretarial Agreement, Capita Registrars Limited is entitled to an
annual fee of £45,000 (exclusive of VAT and disbursements). Capita Registrars Limited will also be
entitled to receive a fee of £5,000 for its services in respect of the Issue.
(iv) Registrar
Under the terms of the Registrar Agreement, the Registrar is entitled to an annual maintenance fee of
£1.25 per Shareholder account per annum, subject to a minimum fee of £2,500 per annum (exclusive
of VAT).
(v) Depositary
Under the terms of the Depositary Agreement, the Depositary is entitled to be paid a fee of up to 0.025
per cent. per annum of Net Asset Value, subject to a minimum monthly fee of £3,000 (exclusive of VAT).
(vii) Directors
Each of the Directors is entitled to receive a fee from the Company at such rate as may be determined
in accordance with the Articles. Save for the Chairman of the Board, the fees are £25,000 for each
AI 15.1
Director per annum. The Chairman’s fee is £30,000 per annum. The Directors also receive additional
fees for acting as chairmen of any board committee. The current fees for serving as the chairman of a
board committee are £3,000 per annum.
All of the Directors are also entitled to be paid all reasonable expenses properly incurred by them in
attending general meetings, board or committee meetings or otherwise in connection with the
performance of their duties. The Board may determine that additional remuneration may be paid, from
time to time, to any one or more Directors in the event such Director or Directors are requested by the
Board to perform extra or special services on behalf of the Company.
Conflicts of interest
The Investment Manager will treat all of the Company’s investors fairly and will not allow any investor to
obtain preferential treatment, unless such treatment is disclosed in this Prospectus. The Investment Manager
AXV 3.5
and its officers and employees may from time to time act for other clients or manage other funds, which
may have similar investment objectives and policies to that of the Company. Circumstances may arise where
investment opportunities will be available to the Company which are also suitable for one or more of such
clients of the Investment Manager or such other funds. The Directors have satisfied themselves that the
Investment Manager has procedures in place to address potential conflicts of interest and that, where a
conflict arises, the Investment Manager will allocate the opportunity on a fair basis. The Investment Manager
has delegated portfolio management to the Sub-Manager in accordance with the AIFM Rules. The
Investment Manager does not consider that any conflicts of interest arise from such delegation.
To the extent relevant, where both the Ordinary Shares and the C Shares have cash available for investment,
the allocation between the classes will be determined by the Investment Manager having regard to all relevant
factors including available capital and portfolio optimisation considerations.
59
Corporate governance
The Board of the Company has considered the principles and recommendations of the AIC Code by
reference to the AIC Guide. The AIC Code, as explained by the AIC Guide, addresses all the principles set AI 16.4
out in the UK Corporate Governance Code, as well as setting out additional principles and recommendations
on issues that are of specific relevance to the Company as an investment company.
The Board considers that reporting against the principles and recommendations of the AIC Code, and by
reference to the AIC Guide (which incorporates the UK Corporate Governance Code), will provide better
information to Shareholders.
The UK Corporate Governance Code includes provisions relating to: the role of the chief executive; executive
directors’ remuneration; and the need for an internal audit function.
For the reasons set out in the AIC Guide, and as explained in the UK Corporate Governance Code, the
Board considers these provisions are not relevant to the position of the Company, being an externally
managed investment company, and the Company does not therefore comply with them.
The Company’s Audit and Valuation Committee, which is chaired by Michael Cassidy and is comprised of
the entire Board, meets at least twice a year. The Board considers that the members of the Audit and
Valuation Committee have the requisite skills and experience to fulfil the responsibilities of the Audit and AI 16.3
Valuation Committee. The Audit and Valuation Committee examines the effectiveness of the Company’s
control systems. It reviews and will review the half-yearly and annual reports and also receives information
from the Investment Manager. It also reviews the scope, results, cost effectiveness, independence and
objectivity of the external auditor and is responsible for monitoring the Company’s valuation policies and
methods.
In accordance with the AIC Code the Company has established a Management Engagement Committee
which is chaired by Simon King and comprised of the entire Board. The Management Engagement
Committee will meet at least once a year or more often if required. Its principal duties will be to consider the
terms of appointment of the Investment Manager and it will annually review that appointment and the terms
of the Management Agreement.
The Company has also established a Remuneration and Nominations Committee which is chaired by Stuart
Cruickshank and comprised of the entire Board. The Remuneration and Nominations Committee will meet
at least once a year or more often if required. Its principal duties will be to consider the framework and policy
for the remuneration of the Directors and to review the structure, size and composition of the Board on an
annual basis.
60
PART IV
ISSUE ARRANGEMENTS
Introduction
AIII 5.1.2
The Company is proposing to raise up to £200 million, before expenses, through the Placing and
Intermediaries Offer of up to 20 million C Shares at a price of £10 per C Share. In this document, the Placing
AIII 6.3
and the Intermediaries Offer are together referred to as the Issue. The Directors have reserved the right, in AXIV.1.1
consultation with Liberum, to increase the size of the Issue to up to 30 million C Shares if overall demand
exceeds 20 million C Shares. The Issue is not being underwritten.
AIII 8.1
The aggregate proceeds of the Issue, after deduction of expenses, are expected to be approximately
£197.4 million on the assumption that gross proceeds of £200 million are raised through the Issue. AIII 5.3.1
The actual number of C Shares to be issued pursuant to the Issue is not known as at the date of this
document but will be notified by the Company via an RNS announcement and the Company’s website, prior
to Admission.
The target Issue size should not be taken as an indication of the number of C Shares to be issued.
AIII 5.1.6
Applications under the Issue must be for C Shares with a minimum subscription amount of £1,000.
C Shares
AXIV.1.1
The Issue will be of a new class of shares, C Shares, which will be issued at the Issue Price. An issue of C
Shares is designed to overcome the potential disadvantages for existing holders of Ordinary Shares which
could arise out of a conventional fixed price issue of further Ordinary Shares for cash. In particular:
● the C Shares will not convert into Ordinary Shares until at least 90 per cent of the net proceeds of the
C Share issue (or such other percentage as the Directors and Investment Manager shall agree) have
been invested in accordance with the Company’s investment policy (or, if earlier, nine months after the
date of their issue);
● the assets representing the net proceeds from the issue of the C Shares will be accounted for and
managed as a distinct pool of assets until the Conversion Date. By accounting for the net proceeds
separately, holders of existing Ordinary Shares will not be exposed to a portfolio containing a substantial
amount of uninvested cash before Conversion;
AIII 9.1
● the Net Asset Value of the existing Ordinary Shares will not be diluted by the expenses associated with AXIV 1.11
the Issue, which will be borne by the subscribers for C Shares; and
● the basis upon which the C Shares will convert into Ordinary Shares is such that the number of Ordinary
Shares to which holders of C Shares will become entitled will reflect the relative Net Asset Values per
Share of the assets attributable to the C Shares and the Ordinary Shares. As a result, the Net Asset
Value attributable to the Ordinary Shares can be expected to be unchanged by the issue and
conversion of any C Shares.
The new Ordinary Shares arising on Conversion of the C Shares will rank pari passu with the Ordinary Shares
then in issue and will have the rights set out in the Articles which are summarised in Part VII of this document.
Conversion of C Shares
The net proceeds of the Issue and the investments made with the net proceeds will be accounted for and
managed as a separate pool of assets until the date (as determined by the Directors) which is not more
than 10 Business Days after the date on which at least 90 per cent. of the net proceeds (or such other
percentage as the Directors and Investment Manager shall agree) has been invested in accordance with
the Company’s investment policy (or, if earlier, nine months after the date of issue of the C Shares). The
Conversion Ratio will then be calculated (calculated to four decimal places (with 0.00005 being rounded
down)) and the C Shares in issue will convert into a number of Ordinary Shares calculated by reference to
the net assets then attributable to C Shares compared to the net assets at the same time attributable to
61
Ordinary Shares then in issue. Entitlements to Ordinary Shares will be rounded down to the nearest whole
number.
The following example is provided for the purpose of illustrating the basis on which the number of new
Ordinary Shares arising on Conversion will be calculated. The example is not, and is not intended to be, a
profit forecast or a forecast of the number of Ordinary Shares which will arise on Conversion.
The example illustrates the number of Ordinary Shares which would arise in respect of the Conversion of
100 C Shares held at the Calculation Date, using assumed Net Asset Values attributable to the C Shares
and the existing Ordinary Shares, in each case as at the Calculation Date. The assumed Net Asset Values
attributable to the existing Ordinary Shares are those at the close of business on 30 November 2014, being
996.80 pence per Ordinary Share (unaudited). The assumed Net Asset Value attributable to the C Shares
is calculated on the basis that there are no returns on the net proceeds of the Issue in the expected period
from Admission to the Calculation Date.
The detailed calculation methodology for the Conversion Ratio is set out in Part VII of this document.
Pursuant to the Articles, the Directors may make such adjustments to the terms and timing of Conversion
as they in their discretion consider are fair and reasonable having regard to the interests of all Shareholders.
At the date of this document, no such adjustments are expected to be made. However, any adjustments to
the terms and timing of Conversion would be announced via a Regulatory Information Service.
The Placing
Liberum has agreed to use its reasonable endeavours to procure subscribers pursuant to the Placing for
the Placing Shares on the terms and subject to the conditions set out in the Placing Agreement. Details of
the Placing Agreement are set out in paragraph 7.1 of Part VII of this document.
AIII 5.1.3
The terms and conditions which shall apply to any subscription for C Shares procured by Liberum are set
out in Part VIII of this document. The Placing will close at 5.00 p.m. on 26 January 2015 (or such later date
as the Company and Liberum may agree). If the Placing is extended, the revised timetable will be notified
through a Regulatory Information Service.
Conditions
The Issue is conditional, inter alia, on:
AIII 5.1.1
(i) the Placing Agreement becoming wholly unconditional (save as to Admission) and not having been
terminated in accordance with its terms prior to Admission; and
AIII 5.1.4
(ii) Admission occurring by 8.00 a.m. on 29 January 2015 (or such later date, not being later than
31 March 2015, as the Company and Liberum may agree).
If the Issue does not proceed, application monies received under the Placing and Intermediaries Offer will
be returned to applicants without interest at the applicants’ risk.
There will be no priority given to applications under the Placing or applications under the Intermediaries Offer
pursuant to the Issue.
Scaling back
AIII 5.1.5
The Directors have reserved the right, in consultation with Liberum, to increase the size of the Issue to up
to 30 million C Shares if overall demand exceeds 20 million C Shares. In the event that commitments under
the Placing and valid applications under the Intermediaries Offer exceed the maximum number of C Shares
62
available, applications under the Placing and Intermediaries Offer will be scaled back at the Company’s
discretion (in consultation with Liberum and the Investment Manager).
The Placing Agreement provides for Liberum to be paid commission by the Company in respect of the C
Shares to be allotted pursuant to the Issue. Any commissions received by Liberum may be retained, and
any C Shares subscribed for by Liberum may be retained or dealt in by it for its own benefit.
Under the Placing Agreement, Liberum is entitled at its discretion and out of its own resources at any time
to rebate to some or all investors, or to other parties, part or all of its fees relating to the Placing. Liberum is
also entitled under the Placing Agreement to retain agents and may pay commission in respect of the Placing
to any or all of those agents out of its own resources.
Further details of the terms of the Placing Agreement are set out in paragraph 7.1 of Part VII of this document.
General
Pursuant to anti-money laundering laws and regulations with which the Company must comply in the UK,
the Company and its agents (and their agents) or the Investment Manager may require evidence in
connection with any application for C Shares, including further identification of the applicant(s), before any
C Shares are issued.
such C Shares to be admitted to trading on the London Stock Exchange’s main market for listed securities.
It is expected that Admission will become effective and dealings will commence on 29 January 2015.
AIII 4.3
C Shares will be issued in registered form and may be held in either certificated or uncertificated form. In
the case of C Shares to be issued in uncertificated form pursuant to the Issue, these will be transferred to AXIV.1.3
Where applicable, definitive share certificates in respect of the C Shares are expected to be despatched, by
post at the risk of the recipients, to the relevant holders, in the week beginning 2 February 2015. Prior to the
despatch of definitive share certificates in respect of any C Shares which are held in certificated form,
transfers of those C Shares will be certified against the Register. No temporary documents of title will be
issued.
The ISIN number of the C Shares is GB00BV7L9053 and the SEDOL code is BV7L905.
The Company does not guarantee that at any particular time market maker(s) will be willing to make a market
in the Shares, nor does it guarantee the price at which a market will be made in the Shares. Accordingly,
the dealing price of the Shares may not necessarily reflect changes in the Net Asset Value per Share.
CREST
CREST is a paperless settlement procedure enabling securities to be evidenced otherwise than by a
certificate and transferred otherwise than by written instrument. The Articles permit the holding of Shares
under the CREST system. The Company has applied for the C Shares to be admitted to CREST with effect
from Admission. Accordingly, settlement of transactions in the C Shares following Admission may take place
within the CREST system if any Shareholder so wishes.
63
Use of proceeds
AIII 3.4
The Directors intend to use the net proceeds of the Issue to acquire investments in accordance with the
Company’s investment objective and policy. The Issue is being made in order to provide investors with the
opportunity to invest in a diversified portfolio of alternative finance investments and related instruments,
including Credit Assets, through the medium of an investment trust.
Overseas Persons
No action has been taken to permit the distribution of this document in any jurisdiction outside the United
Kingdom where such action is required to be taken. This document may not therefore be used for the
purpose of, and does not constitute, an offer or solicitation by anyone in any jurisdiction or in any
circumstances in which such offer or solicitation is not authorised or to any person to whom it is unlawful to
make such offer or solicitation. Accordingly, no person receiving a copy of this document in any territory
other than the United Kingdom, may treat the same as constituting an offer or invitation to him to acquire,
subscribe for or purchase C Shares nor should he in any event acquire, subscribe for or purchase C Shares
unless such an invitation, acquisition, subscription or purchase complies with any registration or other legal
requirements in the relevant territory. Any person outside the United Kingdom wishing to acquire, subscribe
for or purchase C Shares should satisfy himself that, in doing so, he complies with the laws of any relevant
territory, and that he obtains any requisite governmental or other consents and observes any other applicable
formalities.
Persons (including, without limitation, nominees and trustees) receiving this document must not distribute
or send it to any US Person or in or into the United States or any other jurisdiction where to do so would or
might contravene local securities laws or regulations. In particular, investors should note that the Company
has not, and will not be, registered under the US Investment Company Act and the offer, issue and sale of
the C Shares have not been, and will not be, registered under the Securities Act or with any securities
regulatory authority of any State or other jurisdiction of the United States. The C Shares may not be offered,
sold, pledged or otherwise transferred to (i) any US Person or a person acting for the account of a US Person
or (ii) a Benefit Plan Investor.
The Articles contain provisions designed to restrict the holding of Shares by persons, including US Persons,
where in the opinion of the Directors such a holding could cause or be likely to cause the Company some
legal, regulatory, pecuniary, tax or material administrative disadvantage.
Investors should additionally consider the provisions set out under the heading “Important Notices” on page
35 of this document.
64
PART V
FINANCIAL INFORMATION
The Directors
P2P Global Investments PLC
1st Floor
40 Dukes Place
London
EC3A 7NH
United Kingdom
12 January 2015
Dear Sirs
Responsibilities
The Directors of the Company are responsible for preparing the Financial Information Table in accordance
with International Financial Reporting Standards as adopted by the European Union.
It is our responsibility to form an opinion as to whether the Financial Information Table gives a true and fair
view, for the purposes of the Prospectus and to report our opinion to you.
Save for any responsibility which we may have to those persons to whom this report is expressly addressed
and for any responsibility arising under item 5.5.3R(2)(f) of the Prospectus Rules to any person as and to
65
the extent there provided, to the fullest extent permitted by law we do not assume any responsibility and
will not accept any liability to any other person for any loss suffered by any such other person as a result of,
arising out of, or in connection with this report or our statement, required by and given solely for the purposes
of complying with item 23.1 of Annex I to the PD Regulation, consenting to its inclusion in the Prospectus.
Basis of opinion
We conducted our work in accordance with the Standards for Investment Reporting issued by the Auditing
Practices Board in the United Kingdom. Our work included an assessment of evidence relevant to the
amounts and disclosures in the financial information. It also included an assessment of significant estimates
and judgments made by those responsible for the preparation of the financial information and whether the
accounting policies are appropriate to the Company’s circumstances, consistently applied and adequately
disclosed.
We planned and performed our work so as to obtain all the information and explanations which we
considered necessary in order to provide us with sufficient evidence to give reasonable assurance that the
financial information is free from material misstatement whether caused by fraud or other irregularity or error.
Opinion
In our opinion, the Financial Information Table gives, for the purposes of the Prospectus dated
12 January 2015, a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the Company as at the dates stated and of its
profits, cash flows and changes in equity/recognised income and expense for the periods then ended in
accordance International Financial Reporting Standards as adopted by the European Union.
Declaration
For the purposes of Prospectus Rule 5.5.3R(2)(f) we are responsible for this report as part of the Prospectus
and declare that we have taken all reasonable care to ensure that the information contained in this report is,
to the best of our knowledge, in accordance with the facts and contains no omission likely to affect its
import. This declaration is included in the Prospectus in compliance with item 1.2 of Annex I to the PD
Regulation.
Yours faithfully
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Chartered Accountants
66
B. Historic financial information relating to P2P Global Investments PLC
30 September
Notes 2014
£
Non current assets
Investment assets designated as held at fair value through profit or loss 3 161,392,603
Loans at amortised cost 3 29,537,230
––––––––––––––
190,929,833
––––––––––––––
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents 7 7,188,643
Cash pledged as collateral 7 2,050,000
Other current assets and prepaid expenses 201,050
––––––––––––––
9,439,693
––––––––––––––
Total assets 200,369,526
––––––––––––––
Current liabilities
Derivative financial instruments 3 1,576,225
Investment management fees payable 9 54,670
Accrued expenses and other liabilities 193,086
––––––––––––––
1,823,981
––––––––––––––
Total assets less current liabilities 198,545,545
––––––––––––––
Equity attributable to Shareholders of the Company
Called-up share capital 12 200,000
Share premium account 196,971,352
Capital reserves 133,026
Revenue reserve 1,241,167
––––––––––––––
Total equity 198,545,545
––––––––––––––
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Notes Revenue Capital Total
£ £ £
The total column of this statement represents the Company’s Statement of Comprehensive Income,
prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”). The supplementary
revenue and capital columns are both prepared under guidance published by the Association of Investment
Companies (“AIC”). All items in the above Statement derive from continuing operations.
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Called-Up
Share Share Capital Revenue
Capital Premium Reserve Reserve Total
£ £ £ £ £
Net assets attributable
to Shareholders at the
beginning of the period – – – – –
Amounts received on issue of
management shares 50,000 – – – 50,000
Management shares redeemed (50,000) – – – (50,000)
Amounts received on issue of
Ordinary Shares 200,000 199,800,000 – – 200,000,000
Share issue costs – (2,828,648) – – (2,828,648)
Return on ordinary activities
after taxation – – 133,026 1,241,167 1,374,193
––––––––––––– ––––––––––––– ––––––––––––– ––––––––––––– –––––––––––––
Net assets attributable to
Shareholders at
30 September 2014 200,000 196,971,352 133,026 1,241,167 198,545,545
–––––––––––––
––––––––––––– –––––––––––––
––––––––––––– –––––––––––––
––––––––––––– –––––––––––––
––––––––––––– –––––––––––––
–––––––––––––
69
30 September
2014
£
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net return on ordinary activities after taxation 1,374,193
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1. GENERAL INFORMATION
The investment objective of P2P Global Investments Plc (the “Company”) is to provide Shareholders with
an attractive level of dividend income and capital growth through exposure to investments in alternative
finance and related instruments.
The Company’s investment manager is Marshall Wace LLP (the “Investment Manager”). On 30 April 2014,
Marshall Wace Holdings Limited, the parent of the Investment Manager, (via a subsidiary) acquired a
controlling stake in Eaglewood Capital Management LLC (the “Sub-Manager”), an SEC registered investment
adviser. The Investment Manager has, pursuant to the Sub-Management Agreement, delegated certain of
its responsibilities and functions, including its discretionary management of the Company’s portfolio of Credit
Assets, to the Sub-Manager.
The Company will invest, directly and indirectly, in consumer loans, small and medium sized enterprises
(“SME”) loans, advances against corporate trade receivables and/or purchases of corporate trade receivables
(“Credit Assets”) which have been originated via Platforms. The Company will typically seek to invest in
Credit Assets with targeted net annualised returns of 5 to 15 per cent. The Company will seek to purchase
Credit Assets directly (via Platforms) and will also invest in such assets indirectly via funds, partnerships or
special purpose vehicles (including those managed by the Investment Manager, the Sub-Manager or their
affiliates) that it deems suitable with a view to enhancing Shareholder returns and providing diversification of
the Company’s assets.
The Company’s shares were admitted to the Official List of the UK Listing Authority with a premium listing
on 30 May 2014. On the same day, trading of the Shares commenced on the London Stock Exchange.
Citco Fund Services (Ireland) Limited has been appointed as the administrator of the Company. The
Administrator is responsible for the Company’s general administrative functions, such as the calculation and
publication of the Net Asset Value and maintenance of the Company’s accounting records.
The special purpose financial information has been prepared in accordance with the requirements of
item 20.1 of Annex I to the Prospectus Directive regulation, the Listing Rules, International Financial
Reporting Standards as adopted by the European Union (“IFRS”), IFRIC interpretations, and with those
parts of the Companies Act 2006 as applicable to companies reporting under IFRS. All accounting
policies have been applied consistently.
The Financial Information are prepared on a going concern basis under the historical cost convention,
as modified by the valuation of investments and derivative financial instruments at fair value. The
principal accounting policies are set out below.
The Company’s presentational currency is Pounds Sterling (£). Pounds Sterling is also the functional
currency because it is the currency in which the majority of the Company’s investment income is
received and operating expenses are paid.
71
the Statement of Comprehensive Income. Net revenue is the measure the Directors believe appropriate
in assessing the Company’s compliance with certain requirements set out in section 1158 of the
Corporation Taxes Act 2010.
(c) Income
For financial instruments measured at amortised cost the effective interest rate (EIR) method is used
to measure the carrying value of a financial asset or liability and to allocate associated interest income
or expense over the relevant period. The effective interest rate is the rate that exactly discounts
estimated future cash payments or receipts through the expected life of the financial instrument or,
when appropriate, a shorter period to the net carrying amount of the financial asset or financial liability.
In calculating the effective interest rate, the Company estimates cash flows considering all contractual
terms of the financial instrument (for example, early redemption penalty charges) but does not consider
future credit losses. The calculation includes all fees received and paid and costs borne that are an
integral part of the effective interest rate and all other premiums or discounts above or below market
rates.
Once a financial asset or a group of similar financial assets becomes impaired, interest income is
recognised using the rate of interest used to discount the future cash flows for the purpose of
measuring the impairment loss and is recognised over the period to which the expected cash flows
relate.
Dividend income from investments is taken to the revenue account on an ex-dividend basis.
Bank interest and other income receivable are accounted for on an accruals basis.
The increase in the company’s share of the distributable profit in partnership vehicles is treated as
revenue return provided that the underlying assets of the partnership comprise solely income generating
loans, or investments in lending platforms which themselves generate net interest income.
The Company currently charges investment management fees and performance fees to revenue return
as it is the current expectation that the majority of the Company’s return will be generated through
revenue rather than capital gains on investments. Refer to note 9 for further details of the management
and performance fees.
Gains and losses arising from derivative instruments are credited or charged to the income statement.
Gains and losses of a revenue nature are reflected in the revenue column and gains and losses of a
capital nature are reflected in the capital column.
(f) Taxation
The tax currently payable is based on the taxable profit for the year. Taxable profit differs from net profit
as reported in the Statement of Comprehensive Income because it excludes items of income or
72
expense that are taxable or deductible in other years and it further excludes items that are never taxable
or deductible. The Company’s liability for current tax is calculated using tax rates that have been
enacted or substantively enacted at the Statement of Financial Position date.
In line with the recommendations of the Statement of Recommended Practice (“SORP”) for investment
trusts issued by the AIC, the allocation method used to calculate tax relief on expenses presented
against capital returns in the supplementary information in the Statement of Comprehensive Income is
the “marginal basis”.
Under this basis, if taxable income is capable of being offset entirely by expenses presented in the
revenue return column of the Statement of Comprehensive Income, then no tax relief is transferred to
the capital return column.
Deferred tax is the tax expected to be payable or recoverable on temporary differences between the
carrying amounts of assets and liabilities in the Financial Information and the corresponding tax bases
used in the computation of taxable profit, and is accounted for using the liability method. Deferred tax
liabilities are recognised for all taxable temporary differences and deferred tax assets are recognised
to the extent that it is probable that taxable profits will be available against which deductible temporary
differences can be utilised.
Investment trusts which have approval as such under section 1158 of the Corporation Taxes Act 2010
are not liable for taxation on capital gains.
The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at each Statement of Financial Position date
and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profits will be available to
allow all or part of the asset to be recovered.
Deferred tax is calculated at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the period when the liability is
settled or the asset is realised based on tax rates that have been enacted or substantively enacted at
the Statement of Financial Position date.
Deferred tax is charged or credited in the Statement of Comprehensive Income, except when it relates
to items charged or credited directly to equity, in which case the deferred tax is also dealt with in equity.
(i) Financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss
This category consists of forward foreign exchange contracts, Money Market Funds, private equity
positions and investments in other funds.
Assets and liabilities in this category are carried at fair value. The fair values of derivative
instruments are estimated using discounted cash flow models using yield curves that are based
on observable market data or are based on valuations obtained from counterparties.
Investments in Money Market Funds and other funds are carried at fair value. This is determined
using the net asset value for the units at the balance sheet date as provided by the relevant fund
administrator.
The private placement investment is valued at fair value. The fair value is based on the amortised
cost of the investment, which is considered to be representative of the fair value at 30 September
2014.
Gains and losses arising from the changes in the fair values are recognised in the Statement of
Comprehensive Income.
73
(ii) Loans and receivables
Loans and receivables are non-derivative financial assets with fixed or determinable payments
that are not quoted in an active market. The Company’s loan assets are classified as loans and
receivables.
Loans are recognised when the funds are advanced to borrowers. Loans and receivables are
carried at amortised cost using the effective interest rate method less provisions for impairment.
The Company assesses whether objective evidence of impairment exists either individually for
assets that are separately significant or individually or collectively for assets that are not separately
significant.
If there is objective evidence that an impairment loss has been incurred, the amount of the loss
is measured as the difference between the assets carrying amount and the present value of
estimated future cash flows discounted at the asset’s original effective interest rate. The resultant
provisions are deducted from the appropriate asset values in the Statement of Financial Position.
The methodology and assumptions used for estimating future cash flows are reviewed regularly
by the Company to reduce any differences between loss estimates and actual loss experience.
If, in a subsequent period, the amount of the impairment loss decreases and the decrease can
be related objectively to an event occurring after the impairment was recognised, the provision is
adjusted and the amount of the reversal is recognised in the Statement of Comprehensive Income.
Where a loan is not recoverable, it is written off against the related provision for loan impairment
once all the necessary procedures have been completed and the amount of the loss has been
determined. Subsequent recoveries of amounts previously written off are reflected against the
impairment losses recorded in the Statement of Comprehensive Income.
74
(vi) Derivatives
Derivatives are entered into to reduce exposures to fluctuations in interest rates, exchange rates,
market indices and credit risk and are not used for speculative purposes.
Derivatives are carried at fair value with movements in fair values recorded in the Statement of
Comprehensive Income. Derivative financial instruments are valued using discounted cash flow
models using yield curves that are based on observable market data or are based on valuations
obtained from counterparties.
All derivatives are classified as assets where their fair value is positive and liabilities where their
fair value is negative. Where there is the legal ability and intention to settle net, then the derivative
is classified as a net asset or liability, as appropriate.
The costs of an equity transaction that is abandoned are recognised as an expense. Those costs might
include registration and other regulatory fees, amounts paid to legal, accounting and other professional
advisers, printing costs and stamp duties.
The Company’s equity net asset value per unit is calculated by dividing the equity – net assets
attributable to the holder of ordinary shares by the total number of outstanding shares.
75
Comprehensive Income. Foreign exchange gains and losses arising on investments held at fair value
are included within changes in fair value.
All of the above are accounted for in the Statement of Comprehensive Income except the cost of own
shares bought back which is accounted for in the Statement of Changes in Shareholders’ Funds.
The results of these estimates and assumptions form the basis of making judgments about carrying
values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources.
Estimates and assumptions made in the valuation of unquoted investments and investments for which
there is an inactive market may cause material adjustment to the carrying value of those assets and
liabilities. These are valued in accordance with the techniques set out in Note 2(g).
Information about significant areas of estimation uncertainty and critical judgements in relation to the
impairment of investments are described in Note 8.
As disclosed in note 14 ‘Related Party Transactions’, the Company invests in an SPV and at
30 September is the sole Limited Partner in that SPV. The Financial Information of the Company do
not consolidate the SPV as the Company does not exercise control over the activities of the SPV, which
are vested in the General Partner. Refer to note 14 for further details.
76
Accounting standards issued but not yet effective
At the date of this document, the following applicable Standards were in issue but not yet effective:
IFRS 15, ‘Revenue from contracts with customers’, effective 1 January 2017. This is the converged
standard on revenue recognition and replaces IAS 11, ‘Construction contracts’, IAS 18, ‘Revenue’
and related interpretations. The new standard is not expected to have a significant impact on the
Company’s Financial Information or performance.
IFRS 9, ‘Financial instruments’, specifies how an entity should classify and measure financial assets
and liabilities, including some hybrid contracts. The standard improves and simplifies the approach for
classification and measurement of financial assets compared with the requirements of IAS 39. Most of
the requirements in IAS 39 for classification and measurement of financial liabilities were carried forward
unchanged.
The standard applies a consistent approach to classifying financial assets and replaces the numerous
categories of financial assets in IAS 39, each of which had its own classification criteria. IFRS 9 now
divides all financial assets that are under the scope of IAS 39 into two classifications – those measured
at amortised cost and those measured at fair value. The determination is made at initial recognition.
Specifically, under IFRS 9 loans and receivables can be measured at amortised cost only if the objective
of the entity is to hold the financial asset to collect contractual cash flows and that the contractual
terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of
principal and interest on the principal outstanding. All other debt instruments will be measured at fair
value through profit or loss.
The Directors are currently evaluating the impact of this Standard upon the Company.
An investment is always categorised as Level 1, 2 or 3 in its entirety. In certain cases, the fair value
measurement for an investment may use a number of different inputs that fall into different levels of the fair
value hierarchy. In such cases, an investment’s level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest
level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The assessment of the significance of a
particular input to the fair value measurement requires judgment and is specific to the investment.
The following table analyses within the fair value hierarchy the Company’s assets and liabilities measured at
fair value at 30 September 2014:
77
Derivative financial instruments
Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
£ £ £ £
There were no movements between Level 1 and Level 2 fair value measurements during the period ended
30 September 2014 and no transfers into and out of Level 3 fair value measurements.
The following table presents the movement in Level 3 positions for the period.
Assets Assets
Private Investments in
placements other funds
£ £
Opening balance – –
Purchases 225,000 68,505,034
Sales – –
Transfers In/(Out) – –
Net change in unrealised gains 6,800 2,354,662
Distributed income – 1,299,313
–––––––––––––– ––––––––––––––
Closing balance 231,800 72,159,009
––––––––––––––
–––––––––––––– ––––––––––––––
––––––––––––––
The net change in unrealised gains is recognised within gains on investments in the Statement of
Comprehensive Income.
Quantitative information regarding the unobservable inputs for Level 3 positions is given below:
Fair Value at
30 September
2014 Valuation Unobservable Range
Description £ technique input £
The investments in other funds are valued based on the net asset value as calculated by the respective
administrators at the balance sheet date. No adjustment have been determined to be necessary to the NAV
as supplied by the administrators as this reflects the fair value of the underlying investments. The net asset
value of the other funds are sensitive to movements in interest rates due to their investment in loans.
If the price of the investment in other funds and private placements held at period end had
increased/decreased by 5 per cent. it would have resulted in an increase/decrease in the total value of the
funds of £3,607,950 and the private placements of £11,590.
78
Assets and liabilities not carried at fair value but for which fair value is disclosed
The following table analyses within the fair value hierarchy the Company’s assets and liabilities (by class) not
measured at fair value through profit and loss at 30 September 2014 but for which fair value is disclosed:
The table below provides details of the investments at amortised cost held by the Company for the period
ended 30 September 2014:
Amortised
cost before Amortised Carrying
impairment Impairment Cost Value
£ £ £ £
4. DERIVATIVES
Typically, derivative contracts serve as components of the Company’s investment strategy and are utilised
primarily to structure and hedge investments to enhance performance and reduce risk to the Company (the
Company doesn’t designate any derivatives as hedges for hedge accounting purposes as described under
IAS 39). Derivative instruments are also used for trading purposes where the Investment Manager believes
this would be more effective than investing directly in the underlying financial instruments. The only derivative
contracts that the Company holds or issues are forward contracts.
The Company records its derivative activities on a fair value basis. See Note 2(g) for valuation of financial
instruments.
Forward contracts
Forward contracts entered into by the Company represent a firm commitment to buy or sell an underlying
asset, or currency at a specified value and point in time based upon an agreed or contracted quantity. The
realised/unrealised gain or loss is equal to the difference between the value of the contract at the onset and
the value of the contract at settlement date/year end date and is included in the Statement of Comprehensive
Income.
79
As of 30 September 2014, the following forward foreign exchange contracts were included in the Company’s
Statement of Financial Position at fair value through profit or loss:
The Company had no derivative contracts eligible for offsetting in accordance with IAS 32 at 30 September
2014.
30 September
2014
£
Net gains on investments
Loss on forward foreign exchange contracts (2,337,048)
Gain on other investments in other funds 2,467,577
Gain on investment in private placement 6,800
––––––––––––
Total 137,329
––––––––––––
––––––––––––
The forward foreign exchange contracts are held to hedge the currency exposure of the investment in the
SPV, which is denominated in US dollars.
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as Investment Manager to the Company. The Investment Manager has delegated certain of its responsibilities
and functions, including its discretionary management of the Company’s portfolio of Credit Assets, to the
Sub-Manager.
The Company has no employees and the Directors have all been appointed on a non-executive basis. Whilst
the Company has taken all reasonable steps to establish and maintain adequate procedures, systems and
controls to enable it to comply with its obligations, the Company is reliant upon the performance of third
party service providers for its executive function. In particular, the Investment Manager, the Sub-Manager,
the Depositary, the Administrator, the loan Administrator and the Registrar are performing services which
are integral to the operation of the Company. Failure by any service provider to carry out its obligations to
the Company in accordance with the terms of its appointment could have a materially detrimental impact
on the operation of the Company.
The principal risks and uncertainties that could have a material impact on the Company’s performance have
not changed from those set out in detail on pages 15-34 of the Company’s IPO Prospectus dated 19 May
2014, available on the Company’s website, www.p2pgi.com.
The risks faced by the Company have not changed significantly since the commencement of operations
and are not expected to change materially in the next 3 months.
In seeking to implement the investment objectives of the Company while limiting risk, the Company is subject
to the investment limits restrictions set out in the Credit Risk section of Note 6.
The Investment Manager regularly reviews the investment portfolio and industry developments to ensure
that any events which impact the Company are identified and considered. This also ensures that any risks
affecting the investment portfolio are identified and mitigated to the fullest extent possible.
The Company is exposed to risks associated with the effects of fluctuations in the prevailing levels of market
interest rates on its financial position and cash flows.
Loans at amortised cost, with a fixed interest rate, are not exposed to interest rate risk.
Financial Instruments with a floating interest rate that resets as market rates change are exposed to cash
flow interest rate risk. At the year end the Company had 4.61 per cent. of the total assets classified as cash
and cash equivalents and cash pledged as collateral with floating interest rates. At 30 September 2014, if
interest rates had increased/(decreased) by 1 per cent. with all other variables held constant, the change in
the value of future expected interest cash flows of these assets would have been £92,386. 1 per cent. is
considered to be a reasonably possible movement in interest rates.
The Company does not intend to hedge interest rate risk on a regular basis. However, where it enters floating-
rate liabilities against fixed-rate loans, it may at its sole discretion seek to hedge out the interest rate exposure,
taking into consideration amongst other things the cost of hedging and the general interest rate environment.
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Currency risk
Currency risk is the risk that the value of net assets will fluctuate due to changes in foreign exchange rates.
Relevant risk variables are generally movements in the exchange rates of non-functional currencies in which
the Company holds financial assets and liabilities.
The assets of the Company are invested in Credit Assets which are denominated in US Dollars, Euros,
Pound Sterling and other currencies. Accordingly, the value of such assets may be affected favourably or
unfavourably by fluctuations in currency rates. The Company hedges currency exposure between Pound
Sterling and any other currency in which the Company’s assets may be denominated, in particular US Dollars
and Euros.
The below table presents the net exposure to foreign currency at 30 September 2014. The table includes
forward foreign exchange contracts at their notional exposure value and excludes all GBP assets and
liabilities recorded on the Statement of Financial Position.
Forward Net
Asset Liability contract exposure
2014 2014 2014 2014
£ £ £ £
If the GBP exchange rate simultaneously increased/decreased by 5 per cent. against the above currencies,
the impact on profit would be an increase/decrease of £4,213. 5 per cent. is considered to be a reasonably
possible movement in foreign exchange rates.
Liquidity risk
Liquidity risk is defined as the risk that the Company may not be able to settle or meet its obligations on
time or at a reasonable price. Ordinary Shares are not redeemable at the holder’s option.
The Investment Manager manages the Company’s liquidity risk by investing primarily in a diverse portfolio
of assets.
Financial liabilities consisting of forward foreign exchange contracts, amounts due to brokers, dividends and
interest payable, broker fees payable, and accrued expenses and other liabilities are all due within 3 months.
Credit risk
Credit risk is the risk that one party to a financial instrument will cause a financial loss for the other party by
failing to discharge an obligation.
The Company’s credit risks arise principally through exposures to loans acquired by the Company, which
are subject to risk of borrower default. The ability of the Company to earn revenue is completely dependent
upon payments being made by the borrower of the loan acquired by the Company through a Platform. The
Company (as a lender member) will receive payments under any loans it acquires through a Platform only if
the corresponding borrower through that Platform (borrower member) makes payments on the loan.
Consumer loans are unsecured obligations of borrower members. They are not secured by any collateral,
not guaranteed or insured by any third party and not backed by any governmental authority in any way. The
Platforms and their designated third party collection agencies may be limited in their ability to collect on
82
loans. The Company must rely on the collection efforts of the Platforms and their designated collection
agencies and will have no direct recourse against borrower members, will not be able to obtain the identity
of the borrower members in order to contact a borrower about a loan and will otherwise have no ability to
pursue borrower members to collect payment under loans.
The Company will invest across various Platforms, asset classes, geographies (primarily United States and
Europe) and credit bands in order to ensure diversification and to seek to mitigate concentration risks.
Credit quality
The credit quality of loans is assessed through evaluation of various factors, including credit scores, payment
data and other information. Set out below is the analysis of the Company’s loan investments by grade:
SME &
Internal grade consumer
£
A 17,893,744
B 3,901,421
C 6,783,221
D 782,834
E 354,627
–––––––––––––
Total 29,715,847
–––––––––––––
–––––––––––––
The following investment limits and restrictions shall apply to the Company, to ensure that the diversification
of the Company’s portfolio is maintained and that concentration risk is limited:
Platform restrictions
Once the proceeds of the Issue are fully invested, and subject to the following, the Company will not invest
more than 33 per cent. of Gross Assets via any single Platform. This limit may be increased to 66 per cent.
of Gross Assets via any single Platform, provided that where this limit is so increased in respect of any
Platform the Company does not invest an amount which is greater than 25 per cent. (by value) of the total
loan origination of the preceding calendar year through such Platform.
(ii) The Company will not invest more than 20 per cent. of Gross Assets, at the time of investment, via
any single investment fund investing in Credit Assets. The Company will not invest, in aggregate, more
than 60 per cent. of Gross Assets, at the time of investment, in other investment funds that invest in
Credit Assets.
(iii) The Company will not invest more than 10 per cent. of its Gross Assets, at the time of investment, in
other listed closed-ended investment funds, whether managed by the Investment Manager or not,
except that this restriction shall not apply to investments in listed closed-ended investment funds which
83
themselves have stated investment policies to invest no more than 15 per cent. of their gross assets
in other listed closed-ended investment funds.
(iv) The following restrictions apply, in each case at the time of investment by the Company, to both Credit
Assets acquired by the Company directly and on a look-through basis to any Credit Assets held by
another investment fund in which the Company invests:
● No single consumer loan acquired by the Company shall exceed 0.25 per cent. of Gross Assets.
● No single SME loan acquired by the Company shall exceed 5.0 per cent. of Gross Assets.
● No single trade receivable asset acquired by the Company shall exceed 5.0 per cent. of Gross
Assets.
(v) The following restrictions apply, in each case once the net proceeds of the Issue are fully invested, to
both Credit Assets acquired by the Company directly and on a look-through basis to any Credit Assets
held by another investment fund in which the Company invests:
● At least 10 per cent. (but not more than 75 per cent.) of Gross Assets will be maintained in
consumer Credit Assets, not more than 50 per cent. of Gross Assets will be maintained in SME
Credit Assets and not more than 50 per cent. of Gross Assets will be maintained in trade
receivable assets.
● The Company will maintain at least 10 per cent. of Gross Assets in Credit Assets in Europe and
at least 10 per cent. of Gross Assets in Credit Assets in the United States.
Other restrictions
(i) The Company may invest in cash, cash equivalents and fixed income instruments for cash
management purposes and with a view to enhancing returns to Shareholders or mitigating credit
exposure. However, the Company will only invest in fixed income instruments of investment grade.
(ii) The Company will not invest in collateralised loan obligations (“CLOs”) or collateralised debt obligations
(“CDOs”).
The Company’s maximum exposure to credit risk (not taking into account the value of any collateral or other
security held) in the event that counterparties fail to perform their obligations as of 30 September 2014 in
relation to each class of recognised financial assets, is the carrying amount of those assets as indicated in
the Statement of Financial Position.
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8. IMPAIRMENT OF INVESTMENTS AT AMORTISED COST
A financial asset is past due when the counterparty has failed to make a payment when contractually due.
The Company assesses at each balance sheet date whether there is objective evidence that a loan or group
of loans, classified as investments at amortised cost, is impaired. In performing such analysis, the Company
assesses the probability of default based on the number of days the loans are past due, using recent
historical rates of default on loan portfolios with credit risk characteristics similar to those of the Company.
The following impairment charges have been recorded in the Statement of Financial Position and Statement
of Comprehensive Income relating to investments at amortised cost:
30 September
2014
£
Loans that have payments of principal or interest less than 15 days past due are not considered to be
impaired. As at 30 September 2014, the Company had loans of £98,058 that were past due by less than
15 days.
The management fee is payable monthly in arrears and is at the rate of 1/12 of 1.0 per cent. per month of
Net Asset Value (the “Management Fee”). For the period from admission to trading on the London Stock
Exchange’s main market for listed securities (the “Admission”) until the date on which 90 per cent. of the
net proceeds of the Issue have been invested or committed for investment, directly or indirectly, in Credit
Assets, the value attributable to any assets of the Company other than Credit Assets (including any cash)
will be excluded from the calculation of Net Asset Value for the purposes of determining the Management
Fee.
The Investment Manager shall not charge a management fee or performance fee twice. Accordingly, if at
any time the Company invests in or through any other investment fund or special purpose vehicle and a
management fee or advisory fee is charged to such investment fund or special purpose vehicle by the
Investment Manager, the Sub-Manager or any of their affiliates, the value of such investment shall be
excluded from the calculation of Net Asset Value for the purposes of determining the Management Fee
payable.
Notwithstanding the above, the Investment Manager may charge a fee based on a percentage of gross
assets (such percentage not to exceed 1.0 per cent) to any entity which is within the same group of
companies of which the Company forms part, provided that such an entity employs leverage for the purpose
of its investment policy or strategy.
The performance fee will be calculated in respect of each twelve month period starting on 1 January and
ending on 31 December in each calendar year (a “Calculation Period”), save that the first Calculation Period
shall be the period commencing on Admission and ending on 31 December 2014 and provided further that
if at the end of what would otherwise be a Calculation Period no performance fee has been earned in respect
of that period, the Calculation Period shall carry on for the next 12 month period and shall be deemed to be
the same Calculation Period and this process shall continue until a performance fee is next earned at the
end of the relevant period.
85
The performance fee is calculated by reference to the movements in the Adjusted Net Asset Value (as defined
below) since the end of the Calculation Period in respect of which a performance fee was last earned or
Admission if no performance fee has yet been earned (the “High Water Mark”).
The performance fee will be a sum equal to 15 per cent. of such amount (if positive) and will only be payable
if the Adjusted Net Asset Value at the end of a Calculation Period exceeds the High Water Mark. The
performance fee shall be payable to the Investment Manager in arrears within 30 calendar days of the end
of the relevant Calculation Period. “Adjusted Net Value” means the Net Asset Value adjusted for: (i) any
increases or decreases in Net Asset Value arising from issues or repurchases of Ordinary Shares during the
relevant Calculation Period; (ii) adding back the aggregate amount of any dividends or distributions (for which
no adjustment has already been made under (i)) made by the Company at any time during the relevant
Calculation Period; (iii) before deduction for any accrued performance fees; and (iv) to the extent that the
Company invests in any other investment fund or via any SPV or via any separate managed account
arrangement which is managed or advised by the Investment Manager, the Sub-Manager or any of their
affiliates, if the Investment Manager, the Sub-Manager or such affiliate is entitled to (including where it is not
yet earned) receive a performance fee or performance allocation at the level of that investee entity or under
such separate managed account arrangement, excluding any gain or loss attributable to those investments
during the relevant Calculation Period.
There was no performance fee earned for the period ended 30 September 2014.
Administration
The Company has entered into an administration agreement with Citco Fund Services (Ireland) Limited. The
Company pays to the Administrator out of the assets of the Company an annual administration fee based
on the Company’s net assets subject to a monthly minimum charge. Administration fees for the period
totalled £32,992 of which £16,531 was payable at the period-end.
The Administrator shall also be entitled to be repaid out of the assets of the Company all of its reasonable
out-of-pocket expenses incurred on behalf of the Company.
Company Secretary
Under the terms of the Company Secretarial Agreement, Capita Registrars Limited is entitled to an annual
fee of £45,000 (exclusive of VAT and disbursements).
Registrar
Under the terms of the Registrar Agreement, the Registrar is entitled to an annual maintenance fee of £1.25
per Shareholder account per annum, subject to a minimum fee of £2,500 per annum (exclusive of VAT).
Depositary
Under the terms of the Depositary Agreement, the Depositary is entitled to be paid a fee of up to 0.025 per
cent. per annum of Net Asset Value, subject to a minimum monthly fee of £3,000 (exclusive of VAT).
Loan Administration
The Company has appointed Deutsche Bank AG, London Branch (the “Loan Administrator”) to provide loan
administration services following Admission.
The Loan Administrator will be entitled to receive a fee of 0.025 per cent. of Net Asset Value, subject to a
minimum monthly fee of £2,000 (exclusive of VAT), for the provision of loan administration services.
86
Secretary, the Registrar, the Depositary, the Custodian, the Master Servicer and the Directors relating to the
Company will be borne by the Company.
Auditors’ remuneration
Remuneration for all work carried out for the Company by the statutory audit firm in each of the following
categories of work is disclosed below:
● the audit of the accounts;
● other assurance services;
● tax advisory services;
● other non-audit services.
For the period ended 30 September 2014, the remuneration for all work carried out for the Company by the
statutory auditor, PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP amounted to £45,714, £97,056 in relation to services in
relation to the UK IPO and tax advisory services amounted to £47,825. Amounts are inclusive of VAT.
10. TAXATION
Investment trust status
It is the intention of the Directors to conduct the affairs of the Company so as to satisfy the conditions for
approval as an investment trust. As an investment trust the Company is exempt from corporation tax on
capital gains. The Company’s revenue income from loans is taxable in the hands of the Company’s
shareholders and likewise is not subject to corporation tax.
Any change in the Company’s tax status or in taxation legislation generally could affect the value of the
investments held by the Company, affect the Company’s ability to provide returns to Shareholders, lead the
Company to lose its exemption from UK corporation tax on chargeable gains or alter the post-tax returns
to Shareholders. It is not possible to guarantee that the Company will remain a non-close company, which
is a requirement to maintain status as an investment trust, as the Ordinary Shares are freely transferable.
The Company, in the unlikely event that it becomes aware that it is a close company, or otherwise fails to
meet the criteria for maintaining investment trust status, will, as soon as reasonably practicable, notify
Shareholders of this fact.
The following table presents the tax chargeable on the Company for the period ended 30 September 2014.
2014
£
Overseas taxation
The Company may be subject to taxation under the tax rules of the jurisdictions in which it invests, including
by way of withholding of tax from interest and other income receipts. Although the Company will endeavour
to minimise any such taxes this may affect the level of returns to Shareholders.
87
11. NET ASSET VALUE PER ORDINARY SHARE
As at
30 September
2014
£
Nominal Number
value of shares
£
On incorporation, the issued share capital of the Company was £0.01 represented by one Ordinary Share,
held by the subscriber to the Company’s memorandum of association.
50,000 Management Shares of £1 par value were paid up in full on Admission and redeemed out of the
proceeds of the issue.
The holders of the Ordinary Shares are entitled to receive, and to participate in, any dividends declared in
relation to the Ordinary Shares.
The Ordinary Shares shall carry the right to receive notice of, attend and vote at general meetings of the
Company.
The net return per Ordinary Share is calculated by dividing the net return on ordinary activities after taxation
by the number of shares in issue.
Voting rights
Subject to any rights or restrictions attached to any shares, on a show of hands every Shareholder present
in person has one vote and every proxy present who has been duly appointed by a Shareholder entitled to
vote has one vote, and on a poll every shareholder (whether present in person or by proxy) has one vote for
every share of which he is the holder.
A Shareholder entitled to more than one vote need not, if he votes, use all his votes or cast all the votes he
uses the same way. In the case of joint holders, the vote of the senior who tenders a vote shall be accepted
to the exclusion of the vote of the other joint holders, and seniority shall be determined by the order in which
the names of the holders stand in the Register.
No Shareholder shall have any right to vote at any general meeting or at any separate meeting of the holders
of any class of shares, either in person or by proxy, in respect of any share held by him unless all amounts
presently payable by him in respect of that share have been paid.
88
Variation of Rights & Distribution on Winding Up
If at any time the share capital of the Company is divided into different classes of shares, the rights attached
to any class may be varied either in writing of the holders of three-quarters in nominal value of the issued
shares of that class or with the sanction of an extraordinary resolution passed at a separate meeting of the
holders of the shares of that class.
The Company has no fixed life but, pursuant to the Articles, an ordinary resolution for the continuation of
the Company will be proposed at the annual general meeting of the Company to be held in 2019 and, if
passed, every five years thereafter. Upon any such resolution not being passed, proposals will be put forward
to the effect that the Company be wound up, liquidated, reconstructed or unitised.
If the Company is wound up, the liquidator may divide among the shareholders in specie the whole or any
part of the assets of the Company and for that purpose may value any assets and determine how the division
shall be carried out as between the shareholders or different classes of shareholders.
The table below shows the movement in shares during the period ended.
Shares in Shares in
For the period from issue at the issue at the
6 December 2013 to beginning of Shares Shares end of the
30 September 2014 the period subscribed redeemed period
An interim dividend of 6.0p per share was declared by the Board on 17 November 2014 in respect of the
period to 30 September 2014, which was paid on 30 December 2014 to shareholders on the register as of
28 November 2014.
All of the Directors are also entitled to be paid all reasonable expenses properly incurred by them in attending
general meetings, Board or Committee meetings or otherwise in connection with the performance of their
duties. The Board may determine that additional remuneration may be paid, from time to time, to any one
or more Directors in the event such Director or Directors are requested by the Board to perform extra or
special services on behalf of the Company.
Investment management fees and performance fees for the period ended 30 September 2014 are payable
by the Company to the Investment Manager and these are presented on the Statement of Comprehensive
Income. Details of Investment management fees and performance fees payable during the period are
disclosed in Note 9.
As at 30 September 2014, the Directors’ interests in the Company’s Ordinary Shares were as follows:
2014
89
Partners and Principals of the Investment Manager held 854,216 Ordinary Shares in the Company at
30 September 2014.
The Company has invested in Eaglewood SPV I LP. The Manager and Sub-Manager of the Company also
acts as manager and sub-manager to Eaglewood SPV I LP. The principal activity of Eaglewood SPV I LP is
to invest in alternative finance investments and related instruments, including P2P loans, with a view to
achieving the Company’s investment objective. As at 30 September 2014, the Company owned 100 per
cent. of Eaglewood SPV I LP and its net asset value was £58,743,545.
90
DIRECTORS: Stuart Cruickshank (Chairman) (Appointed 12 February 2014)
Michael Cassidy (Appointed 12 February 2014)
Simon King (Appointed 12 February 2014)
William Saunders (Appointed 6 December 2013,
Resigned 12 February 2014)
Katherine Longman (Appointed 6 December 2013,
Resigned 12 February 2014)
91
2. Capitalisation and indebtedness
AIII 3.2
As at the date of this document, the Company has no guaranteed, secured, unguaranteed or unsecured
debt and no indirect or contingent indebtedness.
The following table shows the Company’s audited capitalisation as at 30 September 2014 (being the latest
date in respect of which the Company has prepared audited financial information):
30 September
2014
(Audited)
£000
There has been no material change to the Company’s capitalisation since 30 September 2014.
The following table shows the Company’s unaudited net indebtedness as at 30 November 2014.
30 November
2014
(Unaudited)
£000
A. Cash 16,8751
B. Cash equivalent Nil
C. Securities Nil
D. Liquidity (A+B+C) 16,875
E. Current financial receivables 315
F. Current bank debt Nil
G. Current portion of non-current debt Nil
H. Other current financial debt Nil
I. Current financial debt (F+G+H) Nil
J. Net current financial indebtedness (I-E-D) Nil
K. Non-current bank loans Nil
L. Bonds issued Nil
M. Other non-current loans Nil
N. Non-current financial indebtedness (K+L+M) Nil
O. Net financial indebtedness (J+N) Nil
P. Other current liabilities 6,778
1 The cash balance contains £5.0 million of cash pledged as collateral with Deutsche Bank. The use of this amount is restricted
until the crystallisation of the forward foreign exchange contracts in March 2015.
92
PART VI
UK TAXATION
Introduction
The following statements do not constitute tax advice and are intended only as a general guide to current
UK tax law and the current published practice of HMRC, both of which are subject to change at any time,
possibly with retrospective effect. These statements may not apply to certain classes of investors who are
subject to different tax rules. Such persons may include (but are not limited to) dealers in securities, insurance
companies, collective investment schemes and shareholders who are exempt from UK taxation. The
statements apply only to Shareholders that are resident (and in the case of individuals, domiciled) in the UK
for UK tax purposes (except in so far as express reference is made to the treatment of non-UK residents),
who hold Shares as an investment rather than trading stock, who are the absolute and direct beneficial
owners of those Shares (and the shares are not held through a SIPP), and have not (and are not deemed
to have) acquired their Shares by virtue of an office or employment (whether current, historic or prospective)
and are not officers or employees of any member of the Group.
All potential investors, and in particular those who are in any doubt about their tax position, or
who are resident or otherwise subject to taxation in a jurisdiction outside the UK, should consult
their own professional advisers on the potential tax consequences of subscribing for, purchasing,
holding or disposing of Shares under the laws of their country and/or state of citizenship, domicile
or residence.
The Company
It is the intention of the Directors to conduct the affairs of the Company so that it continues to meet the
conditions necessary for it to maintain its status as an investment trust. However, neither the Investment
Manager nor the Directors can guarantee that this status will be maintained. In respect of each accounting
period for which the Company continues to be approved by HMRC as an investment trust the Company
will be exempt from UK corporation tax on its chargeable gains. The Company will, however, (subject to
what follows) be liable to UK corporation tax on its income in the normal way.
Approved investment trusts are able to elect to take advantage of modified UK tax treatment in respect of
their “qualifying interest income” for an accounting period (referred to here as the “streaming” regime). Under
such treatment, the Company may (assuming it is approved as an investment trust) designate as an “interest
distribution” all or part of the amount it distributes to Shareholders as dividends, to the extent that it has
“qualifying interest income” for the accounting period. Were the Company to designate any dividend it pays
in this manner, it would be able to deduct such interest distributions from its income in calculating its taxable
profit for the relevant accounting period. It is expected that the Company will have material amounts of
qualifying interest income and that it may, therefore, decide to designate some or all of the dividends paid
in respect of a given accounting period as interest distributions.
In principle, the Company will be liable to UK corporation tax on its dividend income. However, there are
broad-ranging exemptions from this charge which would be expected to be applicable in respect of most
dividends it receives.
Shareholders
Taxation of dividends – individuals
(A) Dividends which are not designated as “interest distributions”
The following statements summarise the expected UK tax treatment for individual Shareholders who
receive dividends in respect of their Shares which are not subject to the streaming regime. AIII 4.11
The Company will not be required to withhold tax at source when paying a dividend.
An individual Shareholder who is resident in the UK for tax purposes and who receives a dividend from
the Company should generally be entitled to a notional tax credit which may be set off against the
Shareholder’s total income tax liability on the dividend. An individual UK resident shareholder will be
93
liable to income tax on the sum of the tax credit and the dividend (the “gross dividend”) which will be
treated as the top slice of the individual’s income for UK income tax purposes. The tax credit equals
10 per cent. of the gross dividend. The tax credit therefore also equals one-ninth of the dividend
received (2014/15).
A UK tax resident individual Shareholder who is liable to income tax at the current basic rate will be
subject to tax on the dividend at the rate of 10 per cent. (2014/15) of the gross dividend. This means
that the tax credit will satisfy in full such a Shareholder’s liability to income tax on the dividend.
The rate of income tax applied to dividends received by a UK resident individual liable to income tax at
the current higher rate will be 32.5 per cent. (2014/15) to the extent that such dividends, when treated
as the top slice of the Shareholder’s income, fall above the threshold for current higher rate income tax
and below the threshold for current additional rate income tax. To that extent, the tax credit will be set
against, but will not fully match, such a Shareholder’s tax liability on the gross dividend. After taking
account of the 10 per cent. tax credit, such a Shareholder will have to account for additional tax equal
to 22.5 per cent. of the gross dividend, which means that the Shareholder would have an effective
dividend tax rate of 25 per cent. of the dividend received.
A dividend tax rate of 37.5 per cent. (2014/15) applies to the extent that dividends, when treated as
the top slice of a UK resident individual Shareholder’s income, fall above the threshold for additional
rate income tax. After taking into account the 10 per cent. tax credit, such a Shareholder will have to
account for additional tax equal to 27.5 per cent. of the gross dividend, which means that the
Shareholder would have an effective dividend tax rate of 30.56 per cent. of the dividend received.
There will be no repayment of any part of the tax credit to an individual Shareholder whose liability to
income tax on all or part of the gross dividend is less than the amount of the tax credit.
An individual Shareholder who is not UK tax resident should generally be entitled to receive dividends
designated as interest distributions without deduction of UK tax, provided the Company has received
the necessary declarations of non-residence.
Regardless of whether the dividends are designated as “interest distributions”, dividends paid by the
Company to a Shareholder which is a company (whether or not UK resident) should not generally be
subject to any deduction at source of UK tax.
It is particularly important that prospective investors who are not resident in the UK for tax
purposes obtain their own tax advice concerning tax liabilities on dividends received from the
Company.
94
SIPPs and SSASs
The Directors have been advised that the Shares should be eligible for inclusion in a SIPP or a SSAS, subject
to the discretion of the trustees of the SIPP or the SSAS, as the case may be.
A Conversion of C Shares into new Ordinary Shares should, for the purposes of UK taxation of chargeable
gains (or capital gains tax, for an individual shareholder), generally be treated as a reorganisation of share
capital and, to that extent, should not be treated as giving rise to a disposal.
An agreement to transfer Shares will normally give rise to a charge to stamp duty reserve tax (“SDRT”) at
the rate of 0.5 per cent. of the amount or value of the consideration payable for the transfer. If a duly stamped
transfer in respect of the agreement is produced within six years of the date on which the agreement is
made (or, if the agreement is conditional, the date on which the agreement becomes unconditional) any
SDRT paid is repayable, generally with interest, and otherwise the SDRT charge is cancelled. SDRT is, in
general, payable by the purchaser.
Paperless transfers of Shares within the CREST system will generally be liable to SDRT, rather than stamp
duty, at the rate of 0.5 per cent. of the amount or value of the consideration payable. Such SDRT will
generally be collected through the CREST system. Deposits of Shares into CREST will not generally be
subject to SDRT, unless the transfer into CREST is itself for consideration.
The issue of C Shares pursuant to the Issue should not generally be subject to UK stamp duty or SDRT.
The above statements are intended as a general guide to the current stamp duty and SDRT position. Certain
categories of person, including market makers, brokers and dealers may not be liable to stamp duty or
SDRT and others (including persons connected with depositary arrangements and clearance services), may
be liable at a higher rate of 1.5 per cent. or may, although not primarily liable for tax, be required to notify
and account for it under the Stamp Duty Reserve Tax Regulations 1986.
95
PART VII
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
AI 7.1, 7.2
1.2 The Company is the holding company of a group consisting of the Company and Eaglewood SPV I LP,
a Delaware limited partnership and P2PCL1 PLC, a limited liability company incorporated in England
and Wales. The Company holds all of the limited partnership interests in Eaglewood SPV I LP and one
Class A Share in P2PCL1 PLC. The principal activity of the Company and the Group is to invest in
alternative finance investments and related instruments, including P2P loans, with a view to achieving
the Company’s investment objective.
AI 5.1.4
1.3 The Company operates under the Act and is not regulated as a collective investment scheme by the
FCA. Its registered office and principal place of business is 1st Floor, 40 Dukes Place, London AXV 1.3
EC3A 7NH, United Kingdom. The Company’s telephone number is +44 (0)20 7954 9796.
1.4 As a Company with its shares admitted to the premium segment of the Official List of the UK Listing
Authority and to trading on the London Stock Exchange’s main market for listed securities, the AXIV.1.2
Company is subject to the Listing Rules, the Prospectus Rules and the Disclosure and Transparency
Rules and to the rules of the London Stock Exchange.
1.5 The Company intends at all times to conduct its affairs so as to enable it to qualify as an investment
trust for the purposes of section 1158 of the Corporation Tax Act 2010 and the Investment Trust
(Approved Company) (Tax) Regulations 2011. In summary, the conditions that must be met for approval
by HMRC for any given accounting period as an investment trust are that:
● the Company is not a close company at any time during the accounting period for which approval
is sought;
● the Company is resident in the UK throughout that accounting period;
● the Company’s ordinary share capital is included in the Official List throughout the accounting
period; and
● the Company must not retain in respect of the accounting period an amount greater than the
higher of: (a) 15 per cent. of its income for the period; and (b) the amount of any income which
the Company is required to retain in respect of the period by virtue of a restriction imposed by
law. However, where the Company has relevant accumulated losses brought forward from
previous accounting periods of an amount equal to or greater than the higher of the amounts
mentioned in (a) and (b) above, it may retain an amount equal to the amount of such losses.
AXV 4.1
1.6 The Investment Manager is a limited liability partnership registered in England and Wales with number
OC302228. The Investment Manager is authorised and regulated by the FCA. The address of the
registered office of the Investment Manager is 13th Floor, The Adelphi Building, 1-11 John Adam Street,
London WC2N 6HT and its telephone number is +44 20 7316 2280. Marshall Wace LLP, as the
Company’s AIFM, will cover potential professional liability risks resulting from its activities as AIFM by
holding professional indemnity insurance against liability arising from professional negligence which is
appropriate to the risks covered, in accordance with the AIFM Rules.
2. Share Capital
2.1 On incorporation, the issued share capital of the Company was £0.01 represented by one Ordinary
Share, held by the subscriber to the Company’s memorandum of association. On 25 April 2014, 50,000
redeemable preference shares were allotted to MW Eaglewood Management Limited against its
irrevocable undertaking to pay £1 in cash for each such share on or before the date of First Admission.
96
The redeemable preference shares were paid up in full on First Admission and redeemed in full out of
the proceeds of the First Placing and Offer.
AI 21.1.1
2.2 Set out below is the issued share capital of the Company as at the date of this document:
Nominal
Value (£) Number
2.3 Set out below is the issued share capital of the Company as it will be following the Placing and Offer
(assuming that the Issue is subscribed as to £200 million):
Nominal
Value (£) Number
All of the C Shares will be fully paid. The Ordinary Shares are fully paid up.
nominal amount of £30,000 or, if different, 10 per cent. of the aggregate nominal amount of the
issued Ordinary Share capital of the Company immediately following the completion of the First
Placing and Offer, such authority to expire at the conclusion of the first annual general meeting of
the Company, save that the Company may, at any time prior to the expiry of such authority, make
an offer or enter into an agreement which would or might require the allotment of shares in
pursuance of such an offer or agreement as if such authority had not expired;
(B) the Directors were empowered (pursuant to sections 570 and 573 of the Act) to allot Ordinary
Shares and to sell Ordinary Shares from treasury for cash pursuant to the authority referred to in
paragraph 2.4(A) above as if section 561 of the Act did not apply to any such allotment or sale,
such power to expire at the conclusion of the first annual general meeting of the Company, save
that the Company may, at any time prior to the expiry of such power, make an offer or enter into
an agreement which would or might require equity securities to be allotted or sold from treasury
after the expiry of such power, and the Directors may allot or sell from treasury equity securities
in pursuance of such an offer or an agreement as if such power had not expired;
(C) the Directors were generally and unconditionally authorised in accordance with section 551 of AXIV.1.6
the Act to exercise all the powers of the Company to allot 200 million C Shares, such authority
to expire at the conclusion of the first annual general meeting of the Company, save that the
Company may, at any time prior to the expiry of such authority, make an offer or enter into an
agreement which would or might require the allotment of shares in pursuance of such an offer or
agreement as if such authority had not expired; and
(D) the Directors were empowered (pursuant to section 570 of the Act) to allot C Shares pursuant to
the authority referred to in paragraph 2.4(C) above as if section 561 of the Act did not apply to
any such allotment, such power to expire at the conclusion of the first annual general meeting of
the Company, save that the Company may, at any time prior to the expiry of such power, make
an offer or enter into an agreement which would or might require equity securities to be allotted
after the expiry of such power, and the Directors may allot equity securities in pursuance of such
an offer or an agreement as if such power had not expired;
(E) the Company was authorised in accordance with section 701 of the Act to make market
purchases (within the meaning of section 693(4) of the Act) of Ordinary Shares, provided that the
maximum number of Ordinary Shares authorised to be purchased is 14.99 per cent. of the issued
Ordinary Shares following the conclusion of the First Placing and Offer. The minimum price which
may be paid for an Ordinary Share is £0.01. The maximum price which may be paid for an
Ordinary Share must not be more than the higher of (i) 5 per cent. above the average of the mid-
market values of the Ordinary Shares for the five Business Days before the purchase is made or
97
(ii) the higher of the price of the last independent trade and the highest current independent bid
for the Ordinary Shares. Such authority will expire on the earlier of the conclusion of the first annual
general meeting of the Company and the date 18 months after the date on which the resolution
was passed save that the Company may contract to purchase its Ordinary Shares under the
authority hereby conferred prior to the expiry of such authority, which contract will or may be
executed wholly or partly after the expiry of such authority and may purchase its Ordinary Shares
in pursuance of such contract; and
(F) the Company resolved that, conditional upon First Admission and the approval of the Court, the
amount standing to the credit of the share premium account of the Company immediately
following completion of the First Placing and Offer be cancelled.
2.5 In accordance with the authority referred to in paragraph 2.4(C) above, it is expected that the C Shares AXIV.1.6
in respect of the Issue will be allotted pursuant to a resolution of the Board to be passed shortly before,
and conditional upon, Admission.
AIII 5.1.10
2.6 The provisions of section 561 of the Act (which, to the extent not disapplied pursuant to section 570 AIII 5.3.3
of the Act, confer on Shareholders rights of pre-emption in respect of the allotment or sale of equity
securities for cash) shall apply to any unissued share capital of the Company, except to the extent
disapplied by the resolutions referred to in paragraphs 2.4(B) and 2.4(D) above.
2.7 Save as disclosed in this paragraph 2, since the date of its incorporation (i) there has been no alteration
in the share capital of the Company, (ii) no share or loan capital of the Company has been issued or
agreed to be issued, or is now proposed to be issued for cash or any other consideration and (iii) no AI 21.1.5
AI 21.1.6
commissions, discounts, brokerages or other special terms have been granted by the Company in AI 21.1.7
connection with the issue or sale of any such capital and no share or loan capital of the Company is
under option or agreed, conditionally or unconditionally, to be put under option.
2.8 The C Shares, expected to be issued on 29 January 2015, will be in registered form. Temporary
documents of title will not be issued.
3. Articles of Association
A summary of the main provisions of the Articles is set out below.
3.1 Objects
AI 21.2.1
The Articles do not provide for any objects of the Company and accordingly the Company’s objects
are unrestricted.
98
3.3 Alteration of share capital
The Company may by ordinary resolution:
(a) consolidate and divide all or any of its share capital into shares of larger nominal value than its
existing shares;
(b) sub-divide its shares, or any of them, into shares of smaller nominal value than its existing shares;
and
(c) determine that, as between the shares resulting from such a sub-division, one or more shares
may, as compared with the others, have any such preferred, deferred or other rights or be subject
to any such restrictions as the Company has power to attach to unissued or new shares.
3.5 Dividends
AIII .4.5
Subject to the provisions of the Act, the Company may by ordinary resolution declare dividends in
accordance with the respective rights of the shareholders but no dividends shall exceed the amount
recommended by the Directors. Subject to the provisions of the Act, the Directors may pay interim
dividends, or dividends payable at a fixed rate, if it appears to them that they are justified by the profits
of the Company available for distribution. If the Directors act in good faith they shall not incur any liability
to the holders of shares conferring preferred rights for any loss they may suffer by the lawful payment
of an interim dividend on any shares having deferred or non-preferred rights.
Subject to the rights of persons (if any) entitled to shares with special rights as to dividend, all dividends
shall be declared and paid according to the amounts paid up on the shares on which the dividend is
paid. If any share is issued on terms that it ranks for dividend as from a particular date, it shall rank for
dividend accordingly. In any other case, dividends shall be apportioned and paid proportionately to
the amount paid up on the shares during any portion(s) of the period in respect of which the dividend
is paid.
No shareholder shall have any right to vote at any general meeting or at any separate meeting of the
holders of any class of shares, either in person or by proxy, in respect of any share held by him unless
all amounts presently payable by him in respect of that share have been paid.
In their absolute discretion, the Directors may refuse to register the transfer of a share in certificated
form which is not fully paid provided that if the share is listed on the Official List such refusal does not
prevent dealings in the shares from taking place on an open and proper basis. The Directors may also
refuse to register a transfer of a share in certificated form unless the instrument of transfer:
99
● is lodged, duly stamped, at the registered office of the Company or such other place as the
Directors may appoint and is accompanied by the certificate for the share to which it relates and
such other evidence as the Directors may reasonably require to show the right of the transferor
to make the transfer;
● is in respect of only one class of share; and
● is not in favour of more than four transferees.
The Directors may refuse to register a transfer of a share in uncertificated form in any case where the
Company is entitled to refuse to register the transfer under the CREST Regulations provided that such
refusal does not prevent dealings in the shares from taking place on an open and proper basis.
If the Directors refuse to register a transfer of a share, they shall within two months after the date on
which the transfer was lodged with the Company or, in the case of an uncertificated share, the date
on which the appropriate instruction was received by or on behalf of the Company in accordance with
the CREST Regulations send to the transferee notice of refusal.
No fee shall be charged for the registration of any instrument of transfer or other document or
instruction relating to or affecting the title to any share.
If at any time the holding or beneficial ownership of any shares in the Company by any person (whether
on its own or taken with other shares), in the opinion of the Directors: (i) would cause the assets of the
Company to be treated as “plan assets” of any Benefit Plan Investor; (ii) would or might result in the
Company and/or its shares and/or any of its appointed investment managers or investment advisers
being required to be registered or qualified under the US Investment Company Act and/or the US
Investment Advisers Act of 1940 and/or the US Securities Act of 1933 and/or the US Exchange Act
of 1934 and/or any similar legislation (in any jurisdiction) that regulates the offering and sale of securities;
(iii) may cause the Company not to be considered a “Foreign Private Issuer” under the US Exchange
Act of 1934; (iv) may cause the Company to be a “controlled foreign corporation” for the purpose of
the US Code; or (v) may cause the Company to become subject to any withholding tax or reporting
obligation under FATCA or any similar legislation in any territory or jurisdiction, or to be unable to avoid
or reduce any such tax or to be unable to comply with any such reporting obligation (including by
reason of the failure of the shareholder concerned to provide promptly to the Company such information
and documentation as the Company may have requested to enable the Company to avoid or minimise
such withholding tax or to comply with such reporting obligation), then the Directors may declare the
Shareholder in question a “Non-Qualified Holder” and the Directors may require that any shares held
by such Shareholder (“Prohibited Shares”) shall (unless the Shareholder concerned satisfies the
Directors that he is not a Non-Qualified Holder) be transferred to another person who is not a Non-
Qualified Holder, failing which the Company may itself dispose of such Prohibited Shares at the best
price reasonably obtainable and pay the net proceeds to the former holder.
If a shareholder, or any other person appearing to be interested in shares held by that shareholder,
fails to provide the information requested in a notice given to him under section 793 of the Act by the
Company in relation his interest in shares (the “default shares”) within 28 days of the notice (or, where
the default shares represent at least 0.25 per cent. of their class, 14 days of the notice), sanctions
shall apply unless the Directors determine otherwise. The sanctions available are the suspension of
the right to attend or vote (whether in person or by representative or proxy) at any general meeting or
any separate meeting of the holders of any class or on any poll and, where the default shares represent
100
at least 0.25 per cent. of their class (excluding treasury shares), the withholding of any dividend payable
in respect of those shares and the restriction of the transfer of those shares (subject to certain
exceptions).
Subject to the Articles, the Company may by ordinary resolution appoint a person who is willing to act
as, and is permitted by law to do so, to be a Director either to fill a vacancy or as an additional Director.
The Directors may appoint a person who is willing to act, and is permitted by law to do so, to be a
Director, either to fill a vacancy or as an additional Director. A person appointed as a Director by the
other Directors is required to retire at the Company’s next annual general meeting and shall then be
eligible for reappointment.
Any Director may appoint any other Director, or any other person approved by resolution of the
Directors and willing to act and permitted by law to do so, to be an alternate Director.
Questions arising at a meeting of the Directors shall be decided by a majority of votes. In the case of
an equality of votes, the chairman of the meeting shall have a second or casting vote.
101
3.16 Indemnity
Subject to the provisions of the Act, the Company may indemnify any person who is a Director,
secretary or other officer of the Company, against (a) any liability whether in connection with any
negligence, default, breach of duty or breach of trust by him in relation to the Company or any
associated company or (b) any other liability incurred by or attaching to him in the actual or purported
execution and/or discharge of his duties and/or the exercise or purported exercise of his powers and/or
otherwise in relation to or in connection with his duties, powers or office; and purchase and maintain
insurance for any person who is a Director, secretary, or other officer or auditor of the Company in
relation to anything done or omitted to be done or alleged to have been done or omitted to be done
as Director, secretary, officer or auditor.
No business shall be transacted at any meeting unless a quorum is present. Two persons entitled to
vote upon the business to be transacted, each being a shareholder or a proxy for a shareholder or a
duly authorised representative of a corporation which is a shareholder (including for this purpose two
persons who are proxies or corporate representatives of the same shareholder), shall be a quorum.
A shareholder is entitled to appoint another person as his proxy to exercise all or any of his rights to
attend and to speak and vote at a meeting of the Company. A shareholder may appoint more than
one proxy in relation to a meeting, provided that each proxy is appointed to exercise the rights attached
to a different share or shares held by him. Subject to the provisions of the Act, any corporation (other
than the Company itself) which is a shareholder may, by resolution of its directors or other governing
body, authorise such person(s) to act as its representative(s) at any meeting of the Company, or at any
separate meeting of the holders of any class of shares.
Delivery of an appointment of proxy shall not preclude a shareholder from attending and voting at the
meeting or at any adjournment of it.
Directors may attend and speak at general meetings and at any separate meeting of the holders of
any class of shares, whether or not they are shareholders.
A poll on a resolution may be demanded at a general meeting either before a vote on a show of hands
on that resolution or immediately after the result of a show of hands on that resolution is declared. A
poll may be demanded by the Chairman or by: (a) not less than two members having the right to vote
at the meeting; or (b) a member or members representing not less than one-tenth of the total voting
rights of all the members having the right to vote at the meeting; or (c) a member or members holding
shares conferring a right to vote at the meeting, being shares on which an aggregate sum has been
paid up equal to not less than one-tenth of the total sum paid up on all the shares conferring that right.
The rights and restrictions attaching to the C Shares and the Deferred Shares arising on their conversion
are summarised below.
AI 21.1.4
(I) The following definitions apply for the purposes of this paragraph 3.18 only:
Calculation Date means the earliest of the:
(i) close of business on the date to be determined by the Directors occurring not more than
10 Business Days after the day on which the Investment Manager shall have given notice
to the Directors that at least 90 per cent. of the Net Proceeds (or such other percentage as
the Directors and Investment Manager shall agree) shall have been invested; or
102
(ii) close of business on the date falling nine calendar months after the allotment of the C Shares
or if such a date is not a Business Day the next following Business Day; or
(iii) close of business on the day on which the Directors resolve that Force Majeure
Circumstances have arisen or are imminent;
Conversion means conversion of the C Shares into Ordinary Shares and Deferred Shares in
accordance with paragraph (VIII) below;
Conversion Date means the close of business on such Business Day as may be selected by
the Directors falling not more than 10 Business Days after the Calculation Date;
Conversion Ratio is the ratio of the net asset value per C Share to the net asset value per
Ordinary Share, which is calculated as:
Conversion Ratio = A
B
A = C–D
E
B = F–C–G+D
H
Where:
C is the aggregate of:
(a) the value of the investments of the Company attributable to the C Shares calculated by
reference to the Directors’ belief as to an appropriate current value for those investments
on the Calculation Date after taking into account any price publication services reasonably
available to the Directors; and
(b) the amount which, in the Directors’ opinion, fairly reflects, on the Calculation Date, the value
of the current assets of the Company attributable to the C Shares (excluding the investments
valued under (a) above but including cash and deposits with or balances at a bank and
including any accrued income less accrued expenses and other items of a revenue nature);
D is the amount (to the extent not otherwise deducted from the assets attributable to the C
Shares) which, in the Directors’ opinion, fairly reflects the amount of the liabilities of the Company
attributable to the C Shares on the Calculation Date;
E is the number of C Shares in issue on the Calculation Date;
F is the aggregate of:
(a) the value of all the investments of the Company calculated by reference to the Directors’
belief as to an appropriate current value for those investments on the Calculation Date after
taking into account any price publication services reasonably available to the Directors; and
(b) the amount which, in the Directors’ opinion, fairly reflects, on the Calculation Date, the value
of the current assets of the Company (excluding the investments valued under (a) above
but including cash and deposits with or balances at a bank and including any accrued
income less accrued expenses and other items of a revenue nature);
G is the amount (to the extent not otherwise deducted in the calculation of F) which, in the
Directors’ opinion, fairly reflects the amount of the liabilities of the Company on the Calculation
Date; and
H is the number of Ordinary Shares in issue on the Calculation Date (excluding any Ordinary
Shares held in treasury),
provided that the Directors shall make such adjustments to the value or amount of A and B as
the Auditors shall report to be appropriate having regard among other things, to the assets of the
Company immediately prior to the date on which the Company first receives the Net Proceeds
relating to the C Shares and/or to the reasons for the issue of the C Shares;
103
Deferred Shares means deferred shares of 1 pence each in the capital of the Company arising
on Conversion;
Existing Ordinary Shares means the Ordinary Shares in issue immediately prior to Conversion;
Force Majeure Circumstances means (i) any political and/or economic circumstances and/or
actual or anticipated changes in fiscal or other legislation which, in the reasonable opinion of the
Directors, renders Conversion necessary or desirable; (ii) the issue of any proceedings challenging,
or seeking to challenge, the power of the Company and/or its Directors to issue the C Shares
with the rights proposed to be attached to them and/or to the persons to whom they are, and/or
the terms upon which they are proposed to be issued; or (iii) the giving of notice of any general
meeting of the Company at which a resolution is to be proposed to wind up the Company,
whichever shall happen earliest; and
Net Proceeds means the net cash proceeds of the issue of the C Shares (after deduction of
those commissions and expenses relating thereto and payable by the Company).
References to the Auditors confirming any matter should be construed to mean confirmation of
their opinion as to such matter whether qualified or not.
AI 21.2.3
(II) The holders of the Ordinary Shares, the C Shares and the Deferred Shares shall, subject to the AXIV.1.5
provisions of the Articles, have the following rights to be paid dividends:
(a) the Deferred Shares (to the extent that any are in issue and extant) shall entitle the holders
thereof to a non-cumulative dividend at a fixed rate of one per cent. of the nominal amount
thereof (the “Deferred Dividend”) on the date six months after the Conversion Date on which
such Deferred Shares were created in accordance with paragraph (VIII) (the “Relevant
Conversion Date”) and on each anniversary of such date payable to the holders thereof on
the register of members on that date as holders of Deferred Shares but shall confer no other
right, save as provided herein, on the holders thereof to share in the profits of the Company.
The Deferred Dividend shall not accrue or become payable in any way until the date six
months after the Conversion Date and shall then only be payable to those holders of
Deferred Shares registered in the register of members of the Company as holders of Deferred
Shares on that date. It should be noted that given the proposed repurchase of the Deferred
Shares as described below, it is not expected that any dividends will accrue or be paid on
such shares;
(b) the C Shareholders shall be entitled to receive in that capacity such dividends as the
Directors may resolve to pay out of net assets attributable to the C Shares and from income
received and accrued which is attributable to the C Shares;
(c) the Existing Ordinary Shares shall confer the right to dividends declared in accordance with
the Articles;
(d) the Ordinary Shares into which C Shares shall convert shall rank pari passu with the Existing
Ordinary Shares for dividends and other distributions made or declared by reference to a
record date falling after the Calculation Date; and
(e) no dividend or other distribution shall be made or paid by the Company on any of its shares
(other than any Deferred Shares for the time being in issue) between the Calculation Date
and the Conversion Date relating (both dates inclusive) and no such dividend shall be
declared with a record date falling between the Calculation Date and the Conversion Date
(both dates inclusive).
AI 21.2.3
(III) The holders of the Ordinary Shares, the C Shares and the Deferred Shares shall, subject to the
provisions of the Articles, have the following rights as to capital:
(a) the surplus capital and assets of the Company shall on a winding-up or on a return of capital
(otherwise than on a purchase by the Company of any of its shares) at a time when any C
104
Shares are for the time being in issue and prior to the Conversion Date be applied amongst
the holders of the Existing Ordinary Shares pro rata according to the nominal capital paid
up on their holdings of Existing Ordinary Shares, after having deducted therefrom an amount
equivalent to (C-D) using the methods of calculation of C and D given in the definition of
Conversion Ratio, which amount shall be applied amongst the C shareholders pro rata
according to the nominal capital paid up on their holdings of C Shares. For the purposes of
this paragraph (III)(a) the Calculation Date shall be such date as the liquidator may determine;
and
(b) the surplus capital and assets of the Company shall on a winding-up or on a return of capital
(otherwise than on a purchase by the Company of any of its shares) at a time when no C
Shares are for the time being in issue be applied as follows:
(i) first, if there are Deferred Shares in issue, in paying to the deferred shareholders one
pence in aggregate in respect of every one million Deferred Shares (or part thereof) of
which they are respectively the holders; and
(ii) secondly, the surplus shall be divided amongst the ordinary shareholders pro rata
according to the nominal capital paid up on their holdings of Ordinary Shares.
AI 21.2.3
(IV) As regards voting: AXIV.1.5
(a) the C Shares shall carry the right to receive notice of and to attend and vote at any general
meeting of the Company. The voting rights of holders of C Shares will be the same as that
applying to holders of Existing Ordinary Shares as set out in the Articles as if the C Shares
and Existing Ordinary Shares were a single class; and
(b) the Deferred Shares shall not carry any right to receive notice of nor to attend or vote at any
general meeting of the Company.
(VI) Without prejudice to the generality of the Articles, for so long as any C Shares are for the time
being in issue it shall be a special right attaching to the Existing Ordinary Shares as a class and
to the C Shares as a separate class that without the sanction or consent of such holders given
in accordance with the Company’s Articles:
(a) no alteration shall be made to the Articles of the Company;
(b) no allotment or issue will be made of any security convertible into or carrying a right to
subscribe for any share capital of the Company other than the allotment or issue of further
C Shares; and
(c) no resolution of the Company shall be passed to wind-up the Company.
For the avoidance of doubt but subject to the rights or privileges attached to any other class of
shares, the previous sanction of a special resolution of the holders of Existing Ordinary Shares
and C Shares, as described above, shall not be required in respect of:
105
(i) the issue of further Ordinary Shares ranking pari passu in all respects with the Existing
Ordinary Shares (otherwise than in respect of any dividend or other distribution declared,
paid or made on the Existing Ordinary Shares by the issue of such further Ordinary
Shares); or
(ii) the sale of any shares held as treasury shares (as such term is defined in section 724 of the
Act) in accordance with sections 727 and 731 of the Act or the purchase or redemption of
any shares by the Company (whether or not such shares are to be held in treasury).
(VII) For so long as any C Shares are for the time being in issue, until Conversion of such C Shares
and without prejudice to its obligations under applicable laws the Company shall:
(a) procure that the Company’s records, and bank and custody accounts shall be operated so
that the assets attributable to the C Shares can, at all times, be separately identified and, in
particular but without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing, the Company shall, without
prejudice to any obligations pursuant to applicable laws, procure that separate cash
accounts, broker settlement accounts and investment ledger accounts shall be created and
maintained in the books of the Company for the assets attributable to the C Shares;
(b) allocate to the assets attributable to the C Shares such proportion of the income, expenses
and liabilities of the Company incurred or accrued between the date on which the Company
first receives the Net Proceeds and the Calculation Date relating to such C Shares (both
dates inclusive) as the Directors fairly consider to be attributable to the C Shares; and
(c) give appropriate instructions to the Investment Manager to manage the Company’s assets
so that such undertakings can be complied with by the Company.
(VIII) The C Shares for the time being in issue shall be sub-divided and converted into Ordinary Shares
and Deferred Shares on the Conversion Date in accordance with the following provisions of this
paragraph (VIII):
(a) the Directors shall procure that within 10 Business Days of the Calculation Date:
(i) the Conversion Ratio as at the Calculation Date and the numbers of Ordinary Shares
and Deferred Shares to which each C Shareholder shall be entitled on Conversion shall
be calculated; and
(ii) the Auditors shall be requested to confirm that such calculations as have been made
by the Company have, in their opinion, been performed in accordance with the Articles
and are arithmetically accurate whereupon such calculations shall become final and
binding on the Company and all holders of the Company’s shares and any other
securities issued by the Company which are convertible into the Company’s shares,
subject to the proviso immediately after the definition of H in paragraph (I) above.
(b) The Directors shall procure that, as soon as practicable following such confirmation and in
any event within 10 Business Days of the Calculation Date, a notice is sent to each C
shareholder advising such ordinary shareholder of the Conversion Date, the Conversion
Ratio and the numbers of Ordinary Shares and Deferred Shares to which such C shareholder
will be entitled on Conversion.
(c) On conversion each C Share shall automatically subdivide into 10 conversion shares of 1p
each and such conversion shares of 1p each shall automatically convert into such number
of Ordinary Shares and Deferred Shares as shall be necessary to ensure that, upon such
Conversion being completed:
(i) the aggregate number of Ordinary Shares into which the same number of conversion
shares of 1p each are converted equals the number of C Shares in issue on the
Calculation Date multiplied by the Conversion Ratio (rounded down to the nearest
whole Ordinary Share); and
(ii) each conversion share of 1p which does not so convert into an Ordinary Share shall
convert into one Deferred Share.
(d) The Ordinary Shares and Deferred Shares arising upon Conversion shall be divided amongst
the former C shareholders pro rata according to their respective former holdings of C Shares
(provided always that the Directors may deal in such manner as they think fit with fractional
106
entitlements to Ordinary Shares and Deferred Shares arising upon Conversion including,
without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing, selling any Ordinary Shares representing
such fractional entitlements and retaining the proceeds for the benefit of the Company).
(e) Forthwith upon Conversion, the share certificates relating to the C Shares shall be cancelled
and the Company shall issue to each former C Shareholder new certificates in respect of
the Ordinary Shares which have arisen upon Conversion to which he or she is entitled. Share
certificates in respect of the Deferred Shares will not be issued.
(f) The Directors may make such adjustments to the terms and timing of Conversion as they
in their discretion consider are fair and reasonable having regard to the interests of all
Shareholders.
3.19 Life
The Articles contain a provision requiring the Directors to propose an ordinary resolution for the
continuation of the Company as an investment company at the annual general meeting of the Company
to be held in 2019 and, if passed, every five years thereafter. Upon any such resolution not being
passed, proposals will be put forward by the Directors to the effect that the Company be wound up,
liquidated, reconstructed or unitised.
the acquirer and, depending on the circumstances, its concert parties, would be required (except with
the consent of the Panel on Takeovers and Mergers) to make a cash offer for the outstanding Shares
at a price not less than the highest price paid for any interests in the Shares by the acquirer or its
concert parties during the previous 12 months.
In addition, pursuant to section 983 of the Act, if an offeror acquires or agrees to acquire not less than
90 per cent. of the shares (in value and by voting rights) to which the offer relates, any holder of shares
to which the offer relates who has not accepted the offer may require the offeror to acquire his shares
on the same terms as the takeover offer.
The offeror would be required to give any holder of outstanding shares notice of his right to be bought
out within one month of that right arising. Such sell-out rights cannot be exercised after the end of the AIII 4.9
AXIV 14.1.9
period of three months from the last date on which the offer can be accepted or, if later, three months
from the date on which the notice is served on the holder of outstanding shares notifying them of their
107
sell-out rights. If a holder of shares exercises their rights, the offeror is bound to acquire those shares
on the terms of the offer or on such other terms as may be agreed.
% of issued
Number of Ordinary Share
Name Ordinary Shares capital
AI 17.2
5.2 The Directors intend to subscribe for C Shares pursuant to the Issue in the amounts set out below:
% of issued
Number of C Share
Name C Shares capital*
Save as disclosed in this paragraph, immediately following Admission, no Director will have any interest,
whether beneficial or non-beneficial, in the share or loan capital of the Company.
5.3 No Director has a service contract with the Company, nor are any such contracts proposed, each AI 16.2
Director having been appointed pursuant to a letter of appointment entered into with the Company.
The Directors’ appointments can be terminated in accordance with the Articles and without AI 16.1
compensation. The Directors are subject to retirement by rotation in accordance with the Articles.
There is no notice period specified in the letters of appointment or Articles for the removal of Directors.
The Articles provide that the office of Director shall be terminated by, among other things: (i) written
resignation; (ii) unauthorised absences from board meetings for six consecutive months or more; or
(iii) written request of all of the other Directors.
AI 15.1
5.4 The Directors’ current level of remuneration is £25,000 per annum for each Director other than the
Chairman, who receives £30,000 per annum. The Directors are entitled to additional fees for serving
on any committees of the Board.
AI 15.2
There are no amounts set aside or accrued by the Company to provide pension, retirement or similar
benefits.
5.5 The Company has not made any loans to the Directors which are outstanding, nor has it ever provided
any guarantees for the benefit of any Director or the Directors collectively.
108
AI 14.1(a)
5.6 Over the five years preceding the date of this document, the Directors hold or have held the following
directorships (apart from their directorships of the Company) or memberships of the following
administrative, management or supervisory bodies and/or partnerships:
5.7 Save as disclosed in paragraph 5.7 below, the Directors in the five years before the date of this
document:
AI 14.1(a)
● do not have any convictions in relation to fraudulent offences;
AI 14.1(c)
● have not been associated with any bankruptcies, receiverships or liquidations of any partnership
or company through acting in the capacity as a member of the administrative, management or
supervisory body or as a partner, founder or senior manager of such partnership or company;
and
AI 14.1(a)
● do not have any official public incrimination and/or sanctions by statutory or regulatory authorities
(including designated professional bodies) and have not been disqualified by a court from acting
as a member of the administration, management or supervisory bodies of any issuer or from
acting in the management or conduct of the affairs of any issuer.
5.8 Michael Cassidy was a director of International Financial Services London which went into creditors’
voluntary liquidation on 12 October 2011.
AI 18.1
5.9 So far as is known to the Company by virtue of the notifications made to it pursuant to the Disclosure
and Transparency Rules, as at the Latest Practicable Date the following persons held directly or
indirectly three per cent. or more of the Company’s voting rights:
Number of % of
Name voting right held voting rights
Invesco Limited 1,700,000 8.5
Ruffer LLP 1,550,000 7.75
Thesis Asset Management plc 1,500,000 7.50
AXA Investment Managers S.A. 1,475,000 7.38
J O Hambro Capital Management Limited 950,000 4.75
Save as set put in this paragraph 5.9, the Company is not aware of any person who holds as
shareholder (within the meaning of the Disclosure and Transparency Rules), directly or indirectly, three
per cent. or more of the voting rights of the Company.
109
AI 18.2
5.10 All Shareholders have the same voting rights in respect of the share capital of the Company.
AI 18.3
5.11 The Company and the Directors are not aware of any person who, directly or indirectly, jointly or
severally, exercises or could exercise control over the Company.
AI 18.4
5.12 The Company and the Directors are not aware of any arrangements, the operation of which may at a
subsequent date result in a change in control of the Company.
AI 19
5.13 The Company has not entered into any related party transaction at any time since incorporation.
AI 14.2
5.14 None of the Directors has any conflict of interest or potential conflicts of interest between any duties
to the Company and his private interests and any other duties. The Investment Manager, any of its
directors, officers, employees, agents and affiliates and the Directors and any person or company with
whom they are affiliated or by whom they are employed (each an “Interested Party”) may be involved
in other financial, investment or other professional activities which may cause conflicts of interest with
the Company. In particular, Interested Parties may provide services similar to those provided to the
Company to other entities and shall not be liable to account for any profit from any such services. For
example, an Interested Party may acquire on behalf of a client an investment in which the Company
may invest.
6. Investment restrictions
The Company will at all times invest and manage its assets with the objective of spreading risk and in
accordance with its published investment policy as set out in Part II of this document.
In order to comply with the current Listing Rules, the Company will not invest more than 10 per cent. of its
Gross Assets in other listed closed-ended investment funds, except that this restriction shall not apply to
investments in listed closed-ended investment funds which themselves have stated investment policies to
invest no more than 15 per cent. of their gross assets in other listed closed-ended investment funds.
In the event of a breach of the investment policy set out in Part II of this document and the investment
restrictions set out therein, the Investment Manager shall inform the Board upon becoming aware of the
same and if the Board considers the breach to be material, notification will be made to a Regulatory
Information Service.
The Company must not conduct any trading activity which is significant in the context of its group as a
whole.
7. Material contracts
AI 22
Save as described below, neither the Company nor any member of its Group has (i) entered into any material
contracts (other than contracts in the ordinary course of business) within the two years immediately
preceding the publication of this document; or (ii) entered into any contracts that contain provisions under
which the Company or any member of its Group has any obligation or entitlement that is material to the
Group as at the date of this document.
The Placing Agreement is subject to, inter alia, the C Shares to be issued pursuant to the Issue being
admitted to the Official List and to trading on the London Stock Exchange by 29 January 2015 (or
such later date and time as Liberum and the Company agree but not later than 8.00 a.m. on
31 March 2015). Liberum is entitled to receive commission of up to 1.1 per cent. of the value of the C
Shares issued to Placees procured by Liberum under the Placing, excluding any C Shares subscribed
for by any member of the Marshall Wace group, any fund managed or advised by any member of the
110
Marshall Wace group and any partner, member, officer or employee of any member of the Marshall
Wace group or any of their respective friends, family or specific clients.
Under the Placing Agreement, which may be terminated by Liberum in certain circumstances prior to
the C Shares being issued pursuant to the Issue and admitted to the Official List and to trading on the
London Stock Exchange, the Company and the Investment Manager have given certain warranties
and indemnities to Liberum. These warranties and indemnities are customary for an agreement of this
nature.
Under the Placing Agreement, Liberum may at its discretion and out of its own resources at any time
rebate to some or all investors, or to other parties, part or all of its fees relating to the Issue. Liberum
is also entitled under the Placing Agreement to retain agents and may pay commission in respect of
the Issue to any or all of those agents out of its own resources.
None of the Company, the Intermediaries Offer Adviser, the Sole Bookrunner or any of their respective
representatives will have any liability to the Intermediaries for liabilities, costs or expenses incurred by
the Intermediaries in connection with the Intermediaries Offer.
The Intermediaries Offer Adviser agrees to coordinate applications from the Intermediaries under the
Intermediaries Offer. Determination of the number of C Shares offered will be determined solely by the
Company (following consultation with Liberum and the Investment Manager). Allocations to
Intermediaries will be determined solely by the Company (following consultation with Liberum and the
Investment Manager).
The Intermediaries agree to procure the investment of the maximum number of C Shares which can
be acquired at the Issue Price for the sum applied for by such Intermediaries on behalf of their
respective Underlying Applicants. A minimum application of £1,000 per Underlying Applicant will apply.
Intermediaries agree to take reasonable steps to ensure that they will not make more than one
application per Underlying Applicant.
Conditional upon Admission, Liberum agrees to pay (out of the commission that is paid to it pursuant
to the Placing Agreement) the Intermediaries a commission of 0.5 per cent. of the aggregate value of
the C Shares allocated to and paid for by each Intermediary in the Intermediaries Offer. This commission
shall be deducted by Liberum from the gross proceeds of the Intermediaries Offer. No Intermediary
shall be entitled to deduct any of this commission from any amount they are required to pay under the
Intermediaries Offer.
The Intermediaries give certain undertakings regarding their use of information in connection with the
Intermediaries Offer. The Intermediaries also give undertakings regarding the form and content of written
and oral communications with clients and other third parties and the Intermediaries also give
representations and warranties which are relevant for the Intermediaries Offer, and indemnify the
Company, the Intermediaries Offer Adviser, the Sole Bookrunner and their respective representatives
against any loss or claim arising out of any breach or alleged breach by them of the agreement or of
any duties or obligations under FSMA or under any rules of the FCA or any applicable laws or as a
result of any other act or omission by the Intermediary in connection with the subscription for and/or
resale of C Shares by the Intermediaries or any Underlying Applicant.
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certain administrative services in connection with the loans and other financing arrangements forming
part of the portfolio of the Company and its subsidiaries, including reconciliations.
Under the terms of the Loan Administration Agreement, the Loan Administrator is entitled to be paid
a fee of 0.025 per cent. of Net Asset Value, subject to a minimum monthly fee of £2,000 (exclusive of
VAT). In addition to these fees, the Loan Administrator is entitled to be reimbursed for any expenses
incurred in the performance of its duties under the agreement.
The Loan Administration Agreement provides that the Company and each of its subsidiaries shall jointly
and severally indemnify the Loan Administrator, its affiliates and each of their officers, directors,
employees or agents, against any liabilities arising out of or in connection with the Loan Administration
Agreement, save where such liabilities are incurred by an indemnified party as a result of its or their
own fraud, wilful default, material breach of the agreement or negligence.
The Loan Administration Agreement is terminable by the Company or the Loan Administrator giving to
the other not less than 90 days’ notice. The Loan Administration Agreement may be terminated earlier
by the Company in the event of the insolvency of the Loan Administrator.
Under the terms of the Management Agreement, the Investment Manager is entitled to a management
fee together with reimbursement of all reasonable costs and expenses incurred by it in the performance
of its duties. The Investment Manager is also entitled to a performance fee in certain circumstances.
Details of the management fee and performance fee are set out in Part III of this document under the
sub-heading “On-going annual expenses”.
The Management Agreement is terminable by either the Investment Manager or the Company giving
to the other not less than 12 months’ written notice, such notice not to expire earlier than the third
anniversary of First Admission. The Management Agreement may be terminated with immediate effect
on the occurrence of certain events, including insolvency or material and continuing breach.
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The Company has given an indemnity in favour of the Investment Manager in respect of the Investment
Manager’s potential losses in carrying on its responsibilities under the Management Agreement.
The Depositary Agreement dated 14 May 2014, between the Company, the AIFM and the Depositary,
pursuant to which the Depositary is appointed as the Company’s depositary for the purposes of the
AIFM Directive.
Under the terms of the Depositary Agreement, the Depositary is entitled to be paid a fee of up to 0.025
per cent. per annum of Net Asset Value, subject to a minimum monthly fee of £3,000 (exclusive of
VAT). In addition to these fees, the Depositary is entitled to debit the Company’s accounts in order to
be reimbursed for all expenses (including any fees of a sub-custodian) incurred in the performance of
its duties under the agreement.
The Depositary Agreement provides for the Depositary and its employees, officers, directors, servants
and agents to be indemnified by the Company from any and all expenses, claims, damages, losses,
commitments, costs, disbursements, taxes and other liabilities reasonably incurred or suffered by the
Depositary resulting directly or indirectly from the Depositary carrying out its obligations under the
Depositary Agreement, except in the case the Depositary is liable pursuant to the terms of the
Depositary Agreement, and breach by the Company of its representations and warranties made in the
Depositary Agreement or from the Company’s negligence (whether through an act or an omission) or
wilful misconduct or fraud in the performance of its obligations pursuant to the Depositary Agreement
or applicable law.
In accordance with the terms of the Depositary Agreement, and subject to the provisions of the AIFM
Directive, the Depositary may delegate its safe-keeping functions in relation to financial instruments
and other assets of the Company. The liability of the Depositary shall in principle not be affected by
any delegation of its custody function and the Depositary shall be liable to the Company or its investors
for the loss of financial instruments by the Depositary or a third party to whom the custody of financial
instruments has been delegated. The Depositary may discharge its responsibility in case of a loss of a
financial instrument: (i) in the event it can prove that the loss has arisen as a result of an external event
beyond its reasonable control, the consequences of which would have been unavoidable despite all
reasonable efforts to the contrary; (ii) where it has contractually discharged its responsibility in
compliance with article 21(13) of the AIFM Directive; or (iii) in compliance with the conditions set out
under article 21(14) of the AIFM Directive where the laws of a third country require that certain financial
instruments be held by a local entity and there are no local entities that satisfy the delegation
requirements of article 21(11) of the AIFM Directive. Save as aforesaid, the Depositary shall be liable to
the Company for any loss or liability incurred by the Company as a consequence of the Depositary’s
negligence, wilful default or fraud in failing to properly fulfil its obligations pursuant to the AIFM Directive.
In the absence of the Depositary’s negligence, wilful default or fraud in failing to properly fulfil its
obligations pursuant to the AIFM Directive, the Depositary shall not be liable to the Company or any
other person with respect to any act or omission in connection with the services provided under the
Depositary Agreement. Under no circumstances shall the Depositary be liable to the Company or any
other person for special, indirect or consequential loss or damage.
The Depositary Agreement is terminable by the Company, the AIFM or the Depositary giving to the
other parties not less than 90 days’ notice. The Depositary Agreement may be terminated earlier by
the Company, the AIFM or the Depositary on the occurrence of certain events, including: (i) if another
party has committed a material and continuing breach of the terms of the Depositary Agreement; or
(ii) in the case of insolvency of a party.
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Company. Under the agreement, the Administrator will provide general fund administration services
(including calculation of the monthly NAV), book-keeping and accounts preparation services.
Under the terms of the Administration Agreement, the Administrator is entitled to a fee of 0.05 per
cent. per annum of Net Asset Value, subject to a minimum monthly fee of £5,000. The Administrator
is also entitled to reimbursement of all reasonable out of pocket expenses incurred by it in connection
with its duties.
The agreement may be terminated by either party on 90 days’ notice in writing. The agreement may
be terminated forthwith on notice in writing in the event of certain circumstances, including material
and continuing breach of the agreement or insolvency.
The Company has agreed to indemnify the Administrator from and against any and all liabilities,
obligations, losses, damages, penalties, actions, judgments, claims, demands, suits, costs, expenses
or disbursements of any kind or nature whatsoever which may be imposed on, incurred by or asserted
against it in connection with the provision of its services under the Administration Agreement, other
than by reason of negligence, bad faith, fraud or wilful misconduct on the part of the Administrator or
the material breach of the Administration Agreement by the Administrator.
The agreement may be terminated by either party on 90 days’ notice in writing. The agreement may
be terminated forthwith on notice in writing in the event of certain circumstances, including material
and continuing breach of the agreement or insolvency.
The Company has agreed to indemnify the External Valuer from and against any and all losses,
damages, liabilities, claims, demands, judgments, penalties, costs or expenses of any kind or nature
whatsoever which may be imposed on, incurred by or asserted against it in connection with the
provision of its services under the External Valuer Agreement, other than by reason of negligence or
intentional failure on the part of the External Valuer.
Either party may terminate the Registrar Agreement on not less than 90 days’ notice in writing to the
other party, provided that such termination shall not be effective prior to the first anniversary of First
Admission. Either party may terminate the Registrar Agreement immediately on notice in writing in the
event of material and continuing breach or insolvency.
The Registrar Agreement limits the Registrar’s liability thereunder to the lesser of £500,000 or an
amount equal to five times the annual fee payable to the Registrar pursuant to the Registrar Agreement.
The Company indemnifies the Registrar and its affiliates against all claims arising out of or connected
to the Registrar Agreement, save in the case of fraud, wilful default or negligence on the part of the
Registrar or its affiliates.
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7.11 Company Secretarial Agreement
The Company Secretarial Agreement between the Company and Capita Registrars Limited dated
1 May 2014, pursuant to which Capita Registrars Limited has been appointed as company secretary
to the Company. Capita Registrars Limited shall be entitled to receive an annual fee from the Company
of £45,000 (exclusive of any VAT). Capita Registrars Limited shall also be entitled to reimbursement of
all reasonable out of pocket expenses incurred on behalf of the Company.
Either party may terminate the Company Secretarial Agreement on not less than 90 days’ notice in
writing to the other party, provided that such termination shall not be effective prior to the first
anniversary of First Admission. Either party may terminate the agreement immediately on notice in
writing in the event of material and continuing breach or insolvency.
The Company Secretarial Agreement limits Capita Registrars Limited’s liability thereunder to the lesser
of £500,000 or an amount equal to five times the annual fee payable to Capita Registrars Limited
pursuant to the agreement. The Company indemnifies Capita Registrars Limited and its affiliates against
all claims arising out of or connected to the Registrar Agreement, save in the case of fraud, wilful default
or negligence on the part of Capita Registrars Limited or its affiliates.
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7.15 Agreement with Crossflow
Pursuant to a platform finance provision agreement dated 1 May 2014 between the Investment
Manager, the Company and Crossflow, Crossflow agreed to make available for acquisition by the
Company (and any other entities to which the Investment Manager or any of its affiliates is appointed
as investment manager) through its Platform invoices between a corporate buyer and a supplier. The
invoices to be made available for investment by the Company are within investment and credit
parameters to be specified by the Investment Manager. The agreement provides that the yield on each
invoice invested in by the Company is to be shared between Crossflow and the Company. The
agreement is subject to immediate termination in the event of, inter alia, material and continuing breach.
In the event that no investment in any Platform invoice has been made by the Company (or any other
entity to which the Investment Manager or any of its affiliates provides investment management
services) during any continuous 12-month period, the agreement will cease and determine at the end
of such continuous 12-month period. The agreement is governed by English law.
7.17 Novation Agreement with MW Eaglewood Management Limited relating to Funding Circle (UK)
The novation agreement provided that, shortly following First Admission, the Company would acquire
SME loans that had been originated through the Funding Circle (UK) Platform, with an aggregate
principal value of up to £2,000,000, from MW Eaglewood Management Limited. MW Eaglewood
Management Limited gave certain representations and warranties to the Company in relation to, inter
alia, the loans it agreed to novate to the Company and the contractual agreements relating to those
loans. The agreement is governed by the laws of England and Wales.
Liberum is entitled to a fee of £50,000 per annum, payable semi-annually in advance. All fees and
other expenses are exclusive of VAT, if any.
The Broker Agreement may be terminated by either party on three months’ notice, although no notice
to terminate the agreement will be effective until the first anniversary of First Admission.
The Company has agreed to indemnify Liberum against all losses which Liberum may suffer or incur
by reason of or arising out of or in connection with its engagement under the Broker Agreement, save
where the same arise from the judicially determined fraud, regulatory breach, negligence or wilful default
of Liberum or from a material breach by Liberum of the Broker Agreement.
The Broker Agreement is governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of England.
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8. Litigation
AI 20.8
There have been no governmental, legal or arbitration proceedings, and the Company is not aware of any
governmental, legal or arbitration proceedings pending or threatened, during the 12 months preceding the
date of this document which may have, or have had in the recent past, a significant effect on the financial
position or profitability of the Company or the Group.
9. Significant change
AI 20.9
Save as disclosed below, as at the date of this document, there has been no significant change in the
financial or trading position of the Group since 30 September 2014, being the end of the last period for
which audited financial information has been published.
A dividend of 6 pence per Ordinary Share was paid by the Company on 30 December 2014 resulting in a
reduction in cash and cash equivalents of £1,200,000.
11. General
AI 23.2
11.1 Where information has been sourced from third parties, the Company confirms that this information AIII 10.4
has been accurately reproduced and that, so far as the Company is aware and is able to ascertain
from information published by that third party, no facts have been omitted which would render the
reproduced information inaccurate or misleading. The sources of information have been disclosed.
11.2 Liberum is acting as sponsor and sole bookrunner to the Issue and has given and not withdrawn its
written consent to the inclusion in this document of references to its name in the form and context in
which they appear.
11.3 Marshall Wace LLP has given and not withdrawn its written consent to the inclusion in this document
of references to its name in the form and context in which they appear.
Marshall Wace LLP accepts responsibility for the information contained in Part I of this document under
the heading “Platforms in the US and UK” and has authorised the inclusion of that information. Marshall
Wace LLP has taken all reasonable care to ensure that the information contained in Part I of this
document under the heading “Platforms in the US and UK” is, to the best of its knowledge, in
accordance with the facts and contains no omissions likely to affect its import.
11.4 Eaglewood Capital Management LLC has given and not withdrawn its written consent to the inclusion
in this document of references to its name in the form and context in which they appear.
AI 23.1
11.5 PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP has given and not withdrawn its written consent to the inclusion in this
document of its report on the historical financial information set out in Part V in the form and context
in which it is included and has authorised the contents of that report solely for the purposes of Rule
5.5.3R (2) (f) of the Prospectus Rules.
AI 20.2
11.6 The effect of the Issue will be to increase the net assets of the Company. On the assumption that the
Issue is fully subscribed, the fundraising is expected to increase the net assets of the Company by
approximately £197.4 million. The Issue is expected to be earnings enhancing. Upon Conversion, the
Company’s net assets will not be materially affected.
11.7 In accordance with the AIFM Rules, the AIFM will ensure that the following information in relation to
the Company’s portfolio is published in the Company’s annual report and audited accounts:
(i) the current risk profile of the Company and the risk management systems employed by the AIFM
to manage those risks;
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(ii) any changes to the maximum level of leverage which the AIFM may employ on behalf of the
Company as well as any right of the re-use of collateral or any guarantee granted under the
leveraging arrangement. The Company will, in addition, notify Shareholders of any such changes,
rights or guarantees without undue delay by issuing an announcement via a Regulatory
Information Service and is required to seek prior Shareholder approval for any material change to
the Company’s investment policy; and
(iii) the total amount of leverage employed by the Company.
12. Auditors
AI 2.1
The auditors to the Company are PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP of 1 Embankment Place, London
WC2N 6RH. PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP is a member firm of the Institute of Chartered Accountants in
England and Wales (ICAEW).
13. Depositary
AXV 5.1
Deutsche Bank Luxembourg S.A., whose registered office is located at 2, boulevard Konrad Adenauer, AIII 5.4.2
L-1115 Luxembourg, acts as the Company’s depositary. The Depositary is a Luxembourg public limited
company (société anonyme), registered with the Luxembourg Trade and Companies Register under number
B9164 and its telephone number is +352(421)22-1. The Depositary was incorporated on 12 August 1970
under the laws of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg. The Depositary maintains its registered office and place
of central administration in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg. The Depositary has a banking licence granted
in accordance with the law of 5 April 1993 on the Financial Sector, as amended, and provides a range of
banking, custodial, depositary, administrative agency and other related services. It is registered on the official
list of Luxembourg credit institutions and is subject as such to the supervision of the CSSF.
The Depositary is not involved, directly or indirectly, with the business affairs, organisation, sponsorship or
management of the Company and is not responsible for the preparation of this document and accepts no
responsibility for any information contained in this document.
The Depositary’s asset ownership and verification duties with respect to non-custodiable assets of the
Company apply on a look-through basis to underlying assets held by financial or legal structures established
by the Company or by the AIFM acting on behalf of the Company for the purpose of investing in the
underlying assets and which are controlled directly or indirectly by the Company or the AIFM acting on behalf
of the Company. Although the Eaglewood Funds are managed by an affiliate of the AIFM, the Eaglewood
Funds are pre-existing fund vehicles and have not been established by the Company for the purposes of
investing in their underlying assets or established by the AIFM acting on behalf of the Company for the
purposes of investing in their underlying assets. Further, the Company does not control the Eaglewood
Funds (either by holding non-voting rights or otherwise), nor does the AIFM, which controls the Sub-Manager
and the general partner entities of the Eaglewood Funds, directly or indirectly control the Eaglewood Funds
on behalf of the Company. To the extent such circumstances continue to prevail, the Depositary shall not
perform any depositary duties on a look-through basis with respect to the assets of the Eaglewood Funds.
The Depositary’s duty regarding monitoring of cash flows shall not apply to cash held by financial or legal
structures directly or indirectly controlled by the Company or the AIFM acting on behalf of the Company.
Where laws of a third country require that certain financial instruments be held in custody by a local entity
and there are no local entities that satisfy the delegation requirements under the AIFM Directive, the
Depositary can discharge itself of liability in certain circumstances under certain conditions.
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14. Intermediaries
AXXX 2A.1
The Intermediaries authorised at the date of this Prospectus to use this Prospectus in connection with the
Intermediaries Offer are:
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PART VIII
1. Introduction
Each Placee which confirms its agreement to the Company and/or Liberum to subscribe for C Shares under
the Placing will be bound by these terms and conditions and will be deemed to have accepted them.
The Company and/or Liberum may require any Placee to agree to such further terms and/or conditions
and/or give such additional warranties and/or representations as it/they (in its/their absolute discretion)
sees fit and/or may require any such Placee to execute a separate placing letter.
3.2 Each Placee is deemed to agree that if it does not comply with its obligation to pay the relevant Issue
Price for the C Shares allocated to it in accordance with paragraph 3.1 of these terms and conditions
and Liberum elects to accept that Placee’s application, Liberum may sell all or any of the C Shares
allocated to the Placee on such Placee’s behalf and retain from the proceeds, for Liberum’s own
account and profit, an amount equal to the aggregate amount owed by the Placee plus any interest
due. The Placee will, however, remain liable for any shortfall below the aggregate amount owed by
such Placee and it may be required to bear any tax or other charges (together with any interest or
penalties) which may arise upon the sale of such C Shares on such Placee’s behalf.
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breach of the regulatory or legal requirements, directly or indirectly, of any territory or jurisdiction outside
the United Kingdom in connection with the Placing;
(c) it has carefully read and understands this document in its entirety and acknowledges that it is acquiring
C Shares on the terms and subject to the conditions set out in this Part VIII and the Articles;
(d) it has not relied on Liberum or any person affiliated with Liberum in connection with any investigation
of the accuracy of any information contained in this document;
(e) the content of this document is exclusively the responsibility of the Company and its Directors and
neither Liberum nor any person acting on their respective behalf nor any of their respective affiliates
are responsible for or shall have any liability for any information, representation or statement contained
in this document or any information published by or on behalf of the Company and will not be liable for
any decision by a Placee to participate in the Placing based on any information, representation or
statement contained in this document or otherwise;
(f) it acknowledges that no person is authorised in connection with the Placing to give any information or
make any representation other than as contained in this document and, if given or made, any
information or representation must not be relied upon as having been authorised by the Company, the
Investment Manager or Liberum;
(g) it is not applying as, nor is it applying as nominee or agent for, a person who is or may be liable to
notify and account for tax under the Stamp Duty Reserve Tax Regulations 1986 at any of the increased
rates referred to in section 67, 70, 93 or 96 of the Finance Act 1986 (depository receipts and clearance
services);
(h) it accepts that none of the C Shares has been or will be registered under the laws of the United States,
Canada, Australia or Japan. Accordingly, the C Shares may not be offered, sold, issued or delivered,
directly or indirectly, within any of United States, Canada, Australia or Japan unless an exemption from
any registration requirement is available;
(i) if it is within the United Kingdom, it is a person who falls within Articles 49(2)(a) to (d) or 19(5) of the
Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (Financial Promotions) Order 2005 or it is a person to whom
the C Shares may otherwise lawfully be offered under such Order or, if it is receiving the offer in
circumstances under which the laws or regulations of a jurisdiction other than the United Kingdom
would apply, it is a person to whom the C Shares may be lawfully offered under that other jurisdiction’s
laws and regulations;
(j) if it is a resident in the EEA (other than the United Kingdom), (a) it is a qualified investor within the
meaning of the law in the relevant Member State implementing Article 2(1)(e)(i), (ii) or (iii) of Directive
2003/71/EC and (b) if that relevant Member State has implemented the AIFM Directive, that it is a
person to whom the C Shares may lawfully be marketed under the AIFM Directive or under the
applicable implementing legation (if any) of that relevant Member State;
(k) in the case of any C Shares acquired by a Placee as a financial intermediary as that term is used in
Article 3(2) of the Prospectus Directive (i) the C Shares acquired by it in the Placing have not been
acquired on behalf of, nor have they been acquired with a view to their offer or resale to, persons in
any relevant Member State other than qualified investors, as that term is defined in the Prospectus
Directive 2010/73/EU, or in circumstances in which the prior consent of Liberum has been given to
the offer or resale; or (ii) where C Shares have been acquired by it on behalf of persons in any relevant
Member State other than qualified investors, the offer of those C Shares to it is not treated under the
Prospectus Directive as having been made to such persons;
(l) if it is outside the United Kingdom, neither this document nor any other offering, marketing or other
material in connection with the Placing constitutes an invitation, offer or promotion to, or arrangement
with, it or any person whom it is procuring to subscribe for C Shares pursuant to the Placing unless,
in the relevant territory, such offer, invitation or other course of conduct could lawfully be made to it or
such person and such documents or materials could lawfully be provided to it or such person and C
Shares could lawfully be distributed to and subscribed and held by it or such person without
compliance with any unfulfilled approval, registration or other regulatory or legal requirements;
(m) it does not have a registered address in, and is not a citizen, resident or national of, any jurisdiction in
which it is unlawful to make or accept an offer of the C Shares and it is not acting on a non-discretionary
basis for any such person;
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(n) if the Placee is a natural person, such Placee is not under the age of majority (18 years of age in the
United Kingdom) on the date of such Placee’s agreement to subscribe for C Shares under the Placing
and will not be any such person on the date any such agreement to subscribe under the Placing is
accepted;
(o) it has not, directly or indirectly, distributed, forwarded, transferred or otherwise transmitted this
document or any other offering materials concerning the Placing or the C Shares to any persons within
the United States or to any U.S. Persons, nor will it do any of the foregoing;
(p) it represents, acknowledges and agrees to the representations, warranties and agreements as set out
under the heading “United States Purchase and Transfer Restrictions” in paragraph 5, below;
(q) it acknowledges that neither Liberum nor any of its respective affiliates, nor any person acting on
Liberum’s behalf is making any recommendations to it or advising it regarding the suitability of any
transactions it may enter into in connection with the Placing or providing any advice in relation to the
Placing and its participation in the Placing is on the basis that it is not and will not be a client of Liberum
and that neither Liberum has any duties or responsibilities to it for providing the protections afforded
to its clients or for providing advice in relation to the Placing nor in respect of any representations,
warranties, undertaking or indemnities otherwise required to be given by it in connection with its
application under the Placing;
(r) that, save in the event of fraud on the part of Liberum, none of Liberum or any direct or indirect
subsidiaries of Liberum or any other member of Liberum's group, nor any of their respective directors,
members, partners, officers and employees shall be responsible or liable to a Placee or any of its clients
for any matter arising out of Liberum's role as sponsor, placing agent and financial adviser or otherwise
in connection with the Placing and that where such responsibility or liability nevertheless arises as a
matter of law, the Placee and, if relevant, its clients, will immediately waive any claim against such
persons which the Placee or any of its clients may have in respect thereof;
(s) it acknowledges that where it is subscribing for C Shares for one or more managed, discretionary or
advisory accounts, it is authorised in writing for each such account; (i) to subscribe for the C Shares
for each such account; (ii) to make on each such account’s behalf the representations, warranties and
agreements set out in this document; and (iii) to receive on behalf of each such account any
documentation relating to the Placing in the form provided by the Company and/or Liberum. It agrees
that the provision of this paragraph shall survive any resale of the C Shares by or on behalf of any such
account;
(t) it irrevocably appoints any director of the Company and any director of Liberum to be its agent and on
its behalf (without any obligation or duty to do so), to sign, execute and deliver any documents and do
all acts, matters and things as may be necessary for, or incidental to, its subscription for all or any of
the C Shares for which it has given a commitment under the Placing, in the event of its own failure to
do so;
(u) it accepts that if the Placing does not proceed or the conditions to the Placing Agreement are not
satisfied or the C Shares for which valid applications are received and accepted are not admitted to
the Official List of the FCA and to trading on the London Stock Exchange for any reason whatsoever
then none of Liberum or the Company, nor persons controlling, controlled by or under common control
with any of them nor any of their respective employees, agents, officers, members, stockholders,
partners or representatives, shall have any liability whatsoever to it or any other person;
(v) in connection with its participation in the Placing it has observed all relevant legislation and regulations,
in particular (but without limitation) those relating to money laundering (“Money Laundering Legislation”)
and that its application is only made on the basis that it accepts full responsibility for any requirement
to verify the identity of its clients and other persons in respect of whom it has applied. In addition, it
warrants that it is a person: (i) subject to the Money Laundering Regulations 2007 in force in the United
Kingdom; or (ii) subject to the Money Laundering Directive (2005/60/EC of the European Parliament
and of the EC Council of 26 October 2005 on the prevention of the use of the financial system for the
purpose of money laundering and terrorist financing) (the “Money Laundering Directive”); or (iii) acting
in the course of a business in relation to which an overseas regulatory authority exercises regulatory
functions and is based or incorporated in, or formed under the law of, a country in which there are in
force provisions at least equivalent to those required by the Money Laundering Directive;
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(w) it acknowledges that due to anti-money laundering requirements, Liberum and the Company may
require proof of identity and verification of the source of the payment before the application can be
processed and that, in the event of delay or failure by the applicant to produce any information required
for verification purposes, Liberum and the Company may refuse to accept the application and the
subscription moneys relating thereto. It holds harmless and will indemnify Liberum and the Company
against any liability, loss or cost ensuing due to the failure to process such application, if such
information as has been required has not been provided by it;
(x) Liberum and the Company are entitled to exercise any of their rights under the Placing Agreement or
any other right in their absolute discretion without any liability whatsoever to it;
(y) the representations, undertakings and warranties contained in this document are irrevocable. It
acknowledges that Liberum and the Company and their respective affiliates will rely upon the truth and
accuracy of the foregoing representations and warranties and it agrees that if any of the representations
or warranties made or deemed to have been made by its subscription of the C Shares are no longer
accurate, it shall promptly notify Liberum and the Company;
(z) where it or any person acting on behalf of it is dealing with Liberum, any money held in an account
with Liberum on behalf of it and/or any person acting on behalf of it will not be treated as client money
within the meaning of the relevant rules and regulations of the FCA which therefore will not require
Liberum to segregate such money, as that money will be held by Liberum under a banking relationship
and not as trustee;
(aa) any of its clients, whether or not identified to Liberum, will remain its sole responsibility and will not
become clients of Liberum for the purposes of the rules of the FCA or for the purposes of any other
statutory or regulatory provision;
(bb) it accepts that the allocation of C Shares shall be determined by Liberum in its absolute discretion but
in consultation with the Company and the Investment Manager and that Liberum may scale down any
commitments for this purpose on such basis as it may determine;
(cc) time shall be of the essence as regards its obligations to settle payment for the C Shares and to comply
with its other obligations under the Placing; and
(dd) authorises Liberum to deduct from the total amount subscribed under the Placing the commission (if
any) payable to Liberum in accordance with the terms of the Placing Agreement.
The Company, the Investment Manager, Liberum and their respective directors, officers, agents, employees,
advisers and others will rely upon the truth and accuracy of the foregoing representations, warranties,
acknowledgments and agreements.
If any of the representations, warranties, acknowledgments or agreements made by the Placee are no longer
accurate or have not been complied with, the Placee will immediately notify the Company.
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7. Miscellaneous
The rights and remedies of the Company, the Investment Manager, Liberum and the Registrar under these
terms and conditions are in addition to any rights and remedies which would otherwise be available to each
of them and the exercise or partial exercise of one will not prevent the exercise of others.
On application, if a Placee is a discretionary fund manager, that Placee may be asked to disclose in writing
or orally the jurisdiction in which its funds are managed or owned. All documents provided in connection
with the Placing will be sent at the Placee’s risk. They may be returned by post to such Placee at the address
notified by such Placee.
Each Placee agrees to be bound by the Articles once the C Shares, which the Placee has agreed to
subscribe for pursuant to the Placing, have been acquired by the Placee. The contract to subscribe for C
Shares under the Placing and the appointments and authorities mentioned in this document and all disputes
and claims arising out of or in connection with its subject matter or formation (including non-contractual
disputes or claims) will be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of England and Wales.
For the exclusive benefit of the Company, the Investment Manager, Liberum and the Registrar, each Placee
irrevocably submits to the jurisdiction of the courts of England and Wales and waives any objection to
proceedings in any such court on the ground of venue or on the ground that proceedings have been brought
in an inconvenient forum. This does not prevent an action being taken against the Placee in any other
jurisdiction.
In the case of a joint agreement to subscribe for C Shares under the Placing, references to a “Placee” in
these terms and conditions are to each of the Placees who are a party to that joint agreement and their
liability is joint and several.
Liberum and the Company expressly reserve the right to modify the Placing (including, without limitation,
the timetable and settlement) at any time before allocations are determined. The Placing is subject to the
satisfaction of the conditions contained in the Placing Agreement and the Placing Agreement not having
been terminated. Further details of the terms of the Placing Agreement are contained in Part VII of this
document.
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PART IX
DEFINITIONS
Adjusted Net Asset Value means the Net Asset Value adjusted as described in Part III of this
document for the purpose of calculating the performance fee
payable to the Investment Manager under the Management
Agreement
Administration Agreement the administration agreement dated 1 May 2014, between the
Company and the Administrator, summarised in paragraph 7.8 of
Part VII of this document
Admission the admission of the C Shares: (i) to the premium segment of the
Official List; and (ii) to trading on the London Stock Exchange’s main
market for listed securities, becoming effective in accordance with
the Listing Rules and the admission and disclosure standards of the
London Stock Exchange
AIFM Rules the AIFM Directive and all applicable rules and regulations
implementing the AIFM Directive in the UK
Benefit Plan Investor a “benefit plan investor” as defined in Section 3(42) of ERISA and
any regulations promulgated by the US Department of Labor
thereunder, being “employee benefit plans” as defined in Section
3(3) of ERISA that are subject to Title I of ERISA, “plans” that are
subject to the prohibited transaction provisions of Section 4975 of
the US Internal Revenue Code, and entities the assets of which are
treated as “plan assets” under Section 3(42) of ERISA and any
regulations promulgated thereunder
Broker Agreement the engagement letter dated 10 April 2014, between the Company
and Liberum, summarised in paragraph 7.18 of Part VII of this
document
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Business Day a day (excluding Saturdays and Sundays or public holidays in
England and Wales) on which banks generally are open for business
in London for the transaction of normal business
Calculation Date the time and date referred to in paragraph 3.18(I) of Part VII of this
document
Company Secretarial Agreement the agreement dated 1 May 2014, between the Company and the
Company Secretary, summarised in paragraph 7.11 of Part VII of
this document
Conversion Date the time and date referred to in paragraph 3.18(I) of Part VII of this
document
Conversion Ratio the ratio at which the C Shares convert into Ordinary Shares
Credit Assets consumer loans, SME loans, advances against corporate trade
receivables and/or purchases of corporate trade receivables
CREST Regulations the Uncertificated Securities Regulations 2001 (SI 2001 No.
2001/3755), as amended
Deferred Shares deferred shares of 0.1 pence each in the capital of the Company
arising on Conversion
Depositary Agreement the depositary agreement dated 14 May 2014, between the
Company, the AIFM and the Depositary, summarised in paragraph
7.7 of Part VII of this document
Designated Investments level 1 and level 2 assets of the Company pursuant to IFRS 7
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Directors or Board the board of directors of the Company
Disclosure and Transparency the disclosure and transparency rules made by the FCA under Part
Rules VI of FSMA
Eaglewood Funds the Eaglewood Income Fund and the Eaglewood Small Business
Fund
External Valuer Agreement the external valuer services agreement dated 1 May 2014, between
the Company and the External Valuer, summarised in paragraph 7.9
of Part VII of this document
FCA the Financial Conduct Authority, being the single regulatory authority
for the UK financial services industry
FICO the Fair Isaac Corporation, being the entity which calculates credit
scores in the United States
First Admission the admission on 30 May 2014 of the existing Ordinary Shares
issued in connection with the First Placing and Offer (i) to the
premium segment of the Official List; and (ii) to trading on the
London Stock Exchange’s main market for listed securities,
becoming effective in accordance with the Listing Rules and the
admission and disclosure standards of the London Stock Exchange
First Placing and Offer the placing and offer of 20 million Ordinary Shares in May 2014
Gross Assets the gross assets of the Company as determined in accordance with
the accounting principles adopted by the Company from time to
time
Group the Company and its subsidiary undertakings from time to time
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Intermediaries the entities listed in paragraph 14 of Part VII of this document,
together with any other intermediary (if any) that is appointed by the
Company in connection with the Intermediaries Offer after the date
of this document
Intermediaries Agreement the agreement dated 12 January 2015 upon which the
Intermediaries have agreed to be appointed by the Company to act
as an Intermediary in the Intermediaries Offer and pursuant to which
the Intermediaries may apply for C Shares in the Intermediaries
Offer, details of which are set out in paragraph 7.2 of Part VII of this
document
Latest Practicable Date close of business on 7 January 2015, being the latest practicable
date prior to the date of this document for ascertaining certain
information contained herein
Liberum or Sole Bookrunner Liberum Capital Limited, the Company’s sponsor, broker and sole
bookrunner
Listing Rules the listing rules made by the UK Listing Authority under section 73A
of FSMA
Loan Administration Agreement the loan administration agreement and account bank agreement
dated 29 May 2014, between the Company, the Investment
Manager and the Loan Administrator, summarised in paragraph 7.3
of Part VII of this document
Management Fee the management fee payable to the Investment Manager under the
Management Agreement and described in Part III of this document
NAV or Net Asset Value the value of the assets of the Company less its liabilities, determined
in accordance with the accounting principles adopted by the
Company from time to time
NAV per C Share or Net Asset the Net Asset Value attributable to the C Shares divided by the
Value per C Share number of C Shares in issue
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NAV per Ordinary Share or Net the Net Asset Value attributable to the Ordinary Shares divided by
Asset Value per Ordinary Share the number of Ordinary Shares in issue
Ordinary Shares ordinary shares of £0.01 each in the capital of the Company
P2P peer-to-peer
Placee the persons with whom C Shares are placed pursuant to the Placing
Placing Agreement the conditional agreement dated 12 January 2015, between the
Company, the Investment Manager and Liberum, summarised in
paragraph 7.1 of Part VII of this document
Platforms origination platforms that allow non-bank capital to engage with and
directly: (a) lend to consumers or SME borrowers; (b) advance
capital against corporate trade receivables; and/or (c) purchase
trade receivables from sellers
Prospectus Directive Directive 2003/71/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council
of the European Union and any relevant implementing measure in
each Relevant Member States
Prospectus Rules the rules and regulations made by the FCA under Part VI of FSMA
Registrar Agreement the agreement dated 1 May 2014, between the Company and the
Registrar, summarised in paragraph 7.10 of Part VII of this
document
Regulatory Information Service a service authorised by the UK Listing Authority to release regulatory
announcements to the London Stock Exchange
Relevant Member State each Member State which has implemented the Prospectus
Directive or where the Prospectus Directive is applied by the
regulator
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Shareholder a holder of Ordinary Shares and/or C Shares, as the context
requires
Sub-Management Agreement the agreement dated 29 April 2014, between the Investment
Manager and the Sub-Manager
UK Listing Authority or UKLA the FCA acting in its capacity as the competent authority for the
purposes of admissions to the Official List
Underlying Applicants investors who wish to acquire C Shares under the Intermediaries
Offer
United States or US the United States of America, its territories and possessions, any
state of the United States of America and the District of Columbia
US Investment Company Act the United States Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended
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