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    Lyophobic Sol Lyophillic Sol

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    kannan2030
    The document summarizes several topics: 1) Hard water is titrated with Na2-EDTA to estimate hardness by forming complexes with Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions, based on differences in stability constants. 2) Lanthanides react with dilute acid to liberate hydrogen gas and form metal chlorides, and react with water to form metal hydroxides and hydrogen gas. 3) Lyophobic sols are relatively unstable due to repulsion between phases while lyophilic sols are more stable due to attraction, and lyophilic sols can be easily peptized while lyophobic sols precipitate with small amounts of electrolyte.

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    Lyophobic Sol Lyophillic Sol

    Uploaded by

    kannan2030
    21 views3 pages
    The document summarizes several topics: 1) Hard water is titrated with Na2-EDTA to estimate hardness by forming complexes with Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions, based on differences in stability constants. 2) Lanthanides react with dilute acid to liberate hydrogen gas and form metal chlorides, and react with water to form metal hydroxides and hydrogen gas. 3) Lyophobic sols are relatively unstable due to repulsion between phases while lyophilic sols are more stable due to attraction, and lyophilic sols can be easily peptized while lyophobic sols precipitate with small amounts of electrolyte.

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    The document summarizes several topics: 1) Hard water is titrated with Na2-EDTA to estimate hardness by forming complexes with Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions, based on differences in stability constants. 2) Lanthanides react with dilute acid to liberate hydrogen gas and form metal chlorides, and react with water to form metal hydroxides and hydrogen gas. 3) Lyophobic sols are relatively unstable due to repulsion between phases while lyophilic sols are more stable due to attraction, and lyophilic sols can be easily peptized while lyophobic sols precipitate with small amounts of electrolyte.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    21 views3 pages

    Lyophobic Sol Lyophillic Sol

    Uploaded by

    kannan2030
    The document summarizes several topics: 1) Hard water is titrated with Na2-EDTA to estimate hardness by forming complexes with Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions, based on differences in stability constants. 2) Lanthanides react with dilute acid to liberate hydrogen gas and form metal chlorides, and react with water to form metal hydroxides and hydrogen gas. 3) Lyophobic sols are relatively unstable due to repulsion between phases while lyophilic sols are more stable due to attraction, and lyophilic sols can be easily peptized while lyophobic sols precipitate with small amounts of electrolyte.

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    14. Hard water is titrated with Na2 –EDTA complex for estimation of its hardness.

    During the process, the Ca2+ and Mg 2+ ions form complex with EDTA replacing Na+.
    The method is based on the difference in the stability constant of calcium and
    magnesium complexes.

    15. (i) When a Lanthanoid reacts with dil- acid, it liberate hydrogen gas.
    Ln + dil.HCl Ln Cl3 + H2
    (ii) When a Lanthanoid reacts with water, it forms hydroxide.
    Ln + H2O Ln (OH)3 +H2
    16

    17. Lyophobic sol Lyophillic sol.


    1. It is relatively unstable due to 1. It is relatively more stable due to
    Repulsion between dispersion med- attraction between dispersion medium
    ium and dispersed phase. and dispersed Phase.
    2. It is irreversible. 2. It is reversible.
    3. It cannot be easily peptised. 3. It can be easily peptised.
    4. Small quantities of electrolyte cause 4. Small quantities of electrolyte has no
    precipitation. effect larger concentration causes
    precipitation.
    Ans

    18. In the primary batteries, the reaction occurs only once and after the use over a period of
    time battery becomes dead and cannot be reused again. A secondary battery , after used,
    can be recharged by passing current through it in the opposite direction so that it can be
    used again.
    21. Construction :SHE consists of a platinumelectrode coated with platinumblack. The
    electrode is dipped inan acidic solution and pureHydrogen gas is bubbled throughit. The

    concentration of both the


    reduced and oxidized.Forms of Hydrogen is maintainedat unity i.e) pressure of H 2 gas is 1
    bar and concentration ofHydrogen ions in the solution is 1molar.

    22. 250 ml = 250g as density of water = 1g/ml


    Freezing pt of water = 273k
    Freezing point of solution = - 0.90C+273 = 272.1k
    ΔTf = 273 k – 272.1k = 0.9k

    23. The ions or molecules bound to central atom or ion in the coordination entity are ligands
    e.g [Fe(CN)6]4- has six CN- ligands.
    Types:-
    (1) On the basis of charges on them ligands can be negative (e.g. Cl-, OH-, CN- etc.),
    positive (e.g. H3O+, NH4+ etc.) or neutral (e.g. CO, NH3, H2O).
    (2) On the basis of their donor atoms ligands can be monodentate or unidentate (one donor atom)
    e.g- H2O, NH3, Cl- etc, or didentate (two donor atoms) H2N CH2 CH2NH2 or C2O42- etc. or
    polydentate (several donor atoms) e.g [EDTA]4- is a hexadentate ligand.

    25Application of colloids-
    1. Colloidal antimony is used in curing kalaazar.
    2. Paints, synthetic plastics, rubber etc. all are colloidal solutions.
    3. Rubber is obtained by coagulation of latex.
    26(a) Activated charcoal(b) Activated charcoal(c) Silica gel.
    27

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