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    Grammar 101: Although, Even Though, Despite, in Spite of - Kalimat Yang Ada 2 Ide Berlawanan

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    Fakhri Zuhdian Nasher
    This document provides a grammar guide covering 17 topics: 1. Connectors like although and despite and their uses. 2. Adverbs like nevertheless and nonetheless. 3. Differences between other and others. 4. Uses of in, during, ago with past tense. 5. Uses of for and since with present perfect. 6. Differences between all and all of. 7. Reduced clauses. 8. Relationships between verbs, adjectives, and nouns. 9. Usage of plural words. 10. Unique plural words like fish. 11. Uses of who, whose, whom. 12. Placement of negative adverbs. 13.

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    Grammar 101: Although, Even Though, Despite, in Spite of - Kalimat Yang Ada 2 Ide Berlawanan

    Uploaded by

    Fakhri Zuhdian Nasher
    131 views6 pages
    This document provides a grammar guide covering 17 topics: 1. Connectors like although and despite and their uses. 2. Adverbs like nevertheless and nonetheless. 3. Differences between other and others. 4. Uses of in, during, ago with past tense. 5. Uses of for and since with present perfect. 6. Differences between all and all of. 7. Reduced clauses. 8. Relationships between verbs, adjectives, and nouns. 9. Usage of plural words. 10. Unique plural words like fish. 11. Uses of who, whose, whom. 12. Placement of negative adverbs. 13.

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    GRAMMAR 101 Fakhri

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    This document provides a grammar guide covering 17 topics: 1. Connectors like although and despite and their uses. 2. Adverbs like nevertheless and nonetheless. 3. Differences between other and others. 4. Uses of in, during, ago with past tense. 5. Uses of for and since with present perfect. 6. Differences between all and all of. 7. Reduced clauses. 8. Relationships between verbs, adjectives, and nouns. 9. Usage of plural words. 10. Unique plural words like fish. 11. Uses of who, whose, whom. 12. Placement of negative adverbs. 13.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    131 views6 pages

    Grammar 101: Although, Even Though, Despite, in Spite of - Kalimat Yang Ada 2 Ide Berlawanan

    Uploaded by

    Fakhri Zuhdian Nasher
    This document provides a grammar guide covering 17 topics: 1. Connectors like although and despite and their uses. 2. Adverbs like nevertheless and nonetheless. 3. Differences between other and others. 4. Uses of in, during, ago with past tense. 5. Uses of for and since with present perfect. 6. Differences between all and all of. 7. Reduced clauses. 8. Relationships between verbs, adjectives, and nouns. 9. Usage of plural words. 10. Unique plural words like fish. 11. Uses of who, whose, whom. 12. Placement of negative adverbs. 13.

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    GRAMMAR 101

    By : Fakhri Zuhdian Nasher, MD.

    1. Although, Even though, Despite, In spite of --> Kalimat yang ada 2 ide berlawanan
    Perbedaan :
     Although & even though --> Although/Even Though + S + V
    ex : 
    Although i don't like him, i think he has done the best he can
    Even though i'm not hungry, i want to eat that cupcake

     Despite & In spite of --> Despite/In spite of + Noun/Gerund(Ving)


    ex :
    Despite having a lot of money, he spend it unwisely
    He never care about his family, in spite of his recent succes

    2. Nevertheless, Nonetheless --> They are like "despite" --> Dipakai untuk menunjukkan 2
    ide yg berlawanan
    ex : 
    She is always very critical of his country. Nevertheless/Nonetheless, She never do
    something to make a change.
    He always complain about the habit of postponing the work, but nevertheless/nonetheless
    he continues doing it over again
    They always wants to be rich; nevertheless/nonetheless but They keep doing lazy things
    everyday
    Masjid raya sumbar isn't the blace place for tourism, but it's worth visiting
    nevertheless/nonetheless.

    3. Other vs Others -- Several other vs Several others


    Intinya di akhir dia menjelaskan noun/tidak di depannya  jika iya maka tidak pakai "s"
    Ex :
    He go to the park with several other friend
    My sister watch movies with the others
    Leadership, Capability and several other attributes is important thing to achieve in this
    seminar
    Many others have moved from this place

    4. In, During, Ago  Past Tense  V2

    5. For, Since  Present Perfect  have + V3

    6. All vs All of
    All + plural noun + plural verb
    (All ballet dancers learn..)
    All of + pronoun (their, our, those, us, etc) + ..
    (All of their ballet dancers …)

    7. Reduced Clause
    Thomas Paine, who was an eloquent writer, wrote
    Thomas Paine, an eloquent writer, wrote
    That engages => bisa di reduced; engaging

    8. Verb-Adjective-Noun

    Enable (verb)
    Able (adjective) + to + Vo
    Ability (noun) + to + Vo

    Capable (adj) + of + Ving


    Capability (noun) + of + Ving
    ex :
    Ability to talk
    Capability of talking

    9. Plural
    Many + plural
    Much + uncount

    these/those
    this/that

    Few
    Little

    ..number of
    ..amount of

    10. Unique Plural


    Bison - bison
    Fish - fish
    Sheep - sheep
    Phenomenon - phenomena
    Crisis - crises

    11. Who, Whose, Whom


    Who + V  The man who acquire the heritage
    Whose + Noun  The girl whose car was broken
    Whom + S + V  My sister go with the man whom I don’t know his identity

    12. Negative Adverb


    Negative adverb diawal kalimat (inversion)
    Struktur menyerupai kalimat tanya (v + s + v)

    Never
    Seldom
    Hardly
    Barely
    Scarcely
    Only + auxiliary (be, do, does, did, has, have, had, modals) + S + V 
    Not only
    Not until
    Not once
    Nor
    No 
    ex :
    The government seldom amended the policies.
    Seldom did the government amend the policies.

    A technological development has rarely had…


    Rarely has a technological development had…

    13. Verb + Verb  V + to + Vo atau V + Ving

    V + to + Vo
    Choose + to + Vo
    Need
    Fail
    Strive
    Intend
    Expect
    Seem
    Refuse 
    Prepare 
    Ex :
    You need to refuse that offer
    I intend to continue my education in urology specialty

    V + Ving
    Enjoy 
    Consider
    Appreciate
    Suggest
    Risk
    Quit
    Keep
    Can’t help + Ving
    Ex :
    I enjoy watching his recent success
    I quit thinking about her long time ago
    I risk investing all my family inheritage in penny stocks
    I consider quitting my position as head coach next season
    14. Connector (Because, Despite, In spite of, Nonetheless, Nevertheless, Although, Even
    Though)

    Because of + noun phrase (kata benda)

    Because of the ongoing conflict happening for decades, 


    Because of the ongoing conflict which has happened for decades, …

    Connector yang diikuti noun phrase (because of, despite, in spite of) boleh ada verb
    asalkan bentuk reduced.

    15. That of, Those of  Untuk menunjukkan kepunyaan

    The tomb of King Tutankamen was smaller that the tomb of other Egyptian Pharaohs  The
    tomb of King Tutankhamen was smaller than that of other Egyptian Pharaohs.

    The tomb of King…………………………………….the tomb of 


    The tombs of………………………………………….those of..

    That of = singular
    Those of = plural

    16. TENSES
    Simple Past Simple Present Simple Future
    Menyatakan sesuatu di masa Menyatakan sesuatu di masa Menyatakan sesuatu yang
    lampau ini/untuk menyatakan general akan terjadi di masa depan
    facts
    S+V2 S+V1 S+ will/shall + V1
    S+to be (was/were) + O S+to be (is,am,are) + O S+ will/shall + be + O
    Ex : Ex : Ex :
    I went to Italy last year I wash my shoes every She shall marry the man that
    They were in Africa when the sunday morning she loves.
    war occured in my hometown I am glad you are here Her mother will be in Jamaica
    The test will begin next week when she leaves.
    Brain is the most important
    organ in human body
    Past Perfect Present Perfect Future Perfect
    Menyatakan sesuatu yang Menyatakan sesuatu yang Menyatakan sesuatu yang
    telah terjadi terhadap suatu telah terjadi/telah selesai telah terjadi terhadap suatu
    kejadian di masa lampau pada saat ia berbicara kejadian di masa depan

    S + Had + V3 S + Have/Has + V3 S + Will/Shall + Have + V3


    S + Had + been S + Have/Has + been S + Will/Shall + Have +
    Been
    Ex : Ex : nb : tidak ada Has
    I had finished my degree I have learnt/learned English Ex :
    when he was working as since I was 5. She will have forgotten you
    model She has been in our home for when I tell her tonight that
    She had been a professor 3 years, when is she going to you cheat on her.
    when her first son was born search stable job ? Lili will have finished reading
    the book when you borrow it
    tomorrow
    Past Continous Present Continous Future Continous
    Menyatakan sesuatu yang Menyatakan sesuatu yang Menyatakan sesuatu yang
    sedang terjadi di masa sedang terjadi saat ini/ akan sedang terjadi di masa
    lampau terhadap suatu sesuatu yang akan segera depan
    kejadian lain. terjadi (tonight/tomorrow)
    /peristiwa yang terjadi
    berulang-ulang

    S + to be (was, were) + Ving S + to be (is,am,are) + Ving S + will/shall + be + Ving


    S + to be (was, were) + S + to be + Being + Ving+ O S + will/shall + be + being +
    Being + O O
    Ex :
    Ex : He is eating right now Ex :
    They were playing when the The musician playing my I will be taking TOEFL exam
    teacher came to class. favorite son. tomorrow at 9 P.M, so don’t
    I was being intern in They are leaving for their call me.
    Pekanbaru when covid-19 hometown tonight. I will be being resident of
    struck Indonesia. I am just being humble, and Urology department next
    let all my achievements talk month.
    by themselves.
    We are constantly fighting
    since our son was born.
    Past Perfect Continous Present Perfect Continous Future Perfect Continous
    Menyatakan kejadian yang Menyatakan kejadian yang Menyatakan suatu kejadian
    sudah terjadi atau telah dari dulu dan sampai yang sedang terjadi dan
    dimulai pada saat suatu sekarang masih berlangsung masih berlangsung ketika
    kejadian di masa lampau suatu kejadian lain terjadi di
    terjadi. masa depan.

    S + Had + been + Ving S + Have/Has + Been + S + Will/Shall + Have +


    S + Had + been + being + O Ving been + Ving
    S + Have/Has + Been + S + Will/Shall + Have +
    Being + O been + Being + O

    Ex : Ex : Ex :
    I had been living in Muara I have been studying I will have been living in
    Bungo for 11 years before medicine for 9 years Jakarta when my son go to
    continued my education in She has been being a wife Malaysia next year
    Padang 9 years ago. for a year He will have been being a
    I had been being a general urology resident by the time
    practicioner in Padang for 2 his wife graduate.
    years before I became
    urology resident in Jakarta.

    Simple Past Simple Present Simple Future

    Past Perfect Present Perfect Future Perfect


    Past Continous Present Continous Future Continous

    17. ASD

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