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    Geometric Distribution & Problems

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    EunnicePanaligan
    The geometric distribution describes the number of trials needed for the first success in a Bernoulli process where the probability of success p is constant across independent trials. The probability mass function is P(X=x) = p(1-p)^(x-1) where X is the number of trials until the first success. The mean is 1/p and the variance is (1-p)/p^2. Several example problems are then provided to demonstrate calculating probabilities using the geometric distribution.

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    Geometric Distribution & Problems

    Uploaded by

    EunnicePanaligan
    601 views1 page
    The geometric distribution describes the number of trials needed for the first success in a Bernoulli process where the probability of success p is constant across independent trials. The probability mass function is P(X=x) = p(1-p)^(x-1) where X is the number of trials until the first success. The mean is 1/p and the variance is (1-p)/p^2. Several example problems are then provided to demonstrate calculating probabilities using the geometric distribution.

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    GEOMETRIC DISTRIBUTION & PROBLEMS

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    The geometric distribution describes the number of trials needed for the first success in a Bernoulli process where the probability of success p is constant across independent trials. The probability mass function is P(X=x) = p(1-p)^(x-1) where X is the number of trials until the first success. The mean is 1/p and the variance is (1-p)/p^2. Several example problems are then provided to demonstrate calculating probabilities using the geometric distribution.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    601 views1 page

    Geometric Distribution & Problems

    Uploaded by

    EunnicePanaligan
    The geometric distribution describes the number of trials needed for the first success in a Bernoulli process where the probability of success p is constant across independent trials. The probability mass function is P(X=x) = p(1-p)^(x-1) where X is the number of trials until the first success. The mean is 1/p and the variance is (1-p)/p^2. Several example problems are then provided to demonstrate calculating probabilities using the geometric distribution.

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    GEOMETRIC DISTRIBUTION

    A geometric distribution is a discrete probability distribution of a random variable 𝑋 that satisfies the following
    conditions:
    ➢ A trial is repeated until a success occurs.
    ➢ The repeated trials are independent of each other.
    ➢ The probability of success 𝑝 is constant for each trial.
    ➢ The random variable X represents the number of the trial in which the first success occurs.

    Probability Mass Function


    𝑃(𝑋 = 𝑥) = 𝑝𝑞 𝑥−1
    where
    𝑥 - is the number of trials until the first success
    𝑋 - is the random variable representing the number of trials until the first success
    𝑝 – probability of success in a single trial
    q – probability of failure in a single trial

    Expectation/Mean
    1
    𝜇 = 𝐸[𝑋] =
    𝑝

    Variance

    1−𝑝
    𝜎 2 = 𝑉𝑎𝑟[𝑋] =
    𝑝2

    PROBLEMS
    1.) You play a game of chance that you can either win or lose (there are no other possibilities) until you
    lose. Your probability of losing is 𝑝 = 0.57. What is the probability that it takes five games until you
    lose?
    2.) You throw darts at a board until you hit the center area. Your probability of hitting the center area
    is 𝑝 = 0.17. What is the probability that it takes eight throws until you hit the center?
    3.) An instructor feels that 15% of students get below a C on their final exam. She decides to look at final
    exams (selected randomly and replaced in the pile after reading) until she finds one that shows a grade
    below a C. What is the probability that the instructor has to examine at most 5 exams until she finds one
    with a grade below C?
    4.) A patient is waiting for a suitable matching kidney donor for a transplant. The probability that a
    randomly selected donor is a suitable match is 0.1. What is the probability the third donor tested is the
    first matching donor?
    5.) For a certain manufacturing process, it is known that, on the average, 1 in every 100 items is defective.
    What is the probability that the fifth item inspected is the first defective item found?
    6.) The probability of a defective steel rod is 0.01. Steel rods are selected at random. Find the probability
    that the first defect occurs on the ninth steel rod.
    7.) In an amusement fair, a competitor is entitled for a prize if he throws a ring on a peg from a certain
    distance. It is observed that only 30% of the competitors are able to do this. If someone is given 5
    chances, what is the probability of his winning the prize when he has already missed 4 chances?
    8.) The literacy rate for a nation measures the proportion of people age 15 and over who can read and
    write. The literacy rate for women in Afghanistan is 12%. Let 𝑋 - the number of Afghani women you ask
    until one says that she is literate.
    (a) What is the probability that you ask five women before one says she is literate?
    (b) What is the probability that you must ask ten women?
    (c) What is the mean of 𝑋?
    (d) What is the standard deviation of 𝑋?

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