Determination of Unknown Substances

Monica K. Calderon
SHS II – Our Lady of Fatima, St. Paul University at San Miguel
Salangan , San Miguel, Bulacan, Philippines 3011
Kabamalanmonica@gmail.com

Abstract
This paper is the summary of the format that will be used for individual final report. The format is adapted from IEEE paper
and Elsevier articles. The abstract contains the summary of the whole experiment. There is no need to go through the details of
the results as you are expected to discuss these in the Results and Discussion portion. This part should only contain brief
overview of the experiment, the summary of your results, and your conclusion. However, the abstract should be self-sufficient. If
one reads only the abstract, he would have a general idea of what experiment was done and the corresponding results and
conclusion. At the bottom of the abstract, at least three keywords should be listed in the format specified below. The keyword
can either be a single word or phrases which are related to the experiment done. Think of them as entries to search engines if one
needs to look for your article online.

1. Introduction Every in-text citation should have a corresponding

entry in the reference list. Conversely, every
The main objective of this Lab Report is to determine reference list should have a corresponding in-text
the reaction of the solutions whether they are acidic citation within the body. Mere copying and pasting of
or basic, using onion as Ph indicator. mo articles is still considered as plagiarism even if you
cite your sources. Be sure to paraphrase every
material that comes from literature. Figures that will
be used from other literature need to have in-text
citation as illustrated in Fig. 1.
1.1 Sample Subheading
2. Methodology
[outline 1 > outline 2 > outline 3]
Subheadings may be used within the report if [outline 1 > outline 2 > outline 3]
needed. Please be reminded to paraphrase every The methodology should not solely be what was
material obtained from literature and use in-text written in the experimental procedure given but
citations. Do not plagiarize contents of other should reflect the procedure done in class. Avoid the
materials. In-text citation may be done by using “recipe-type” methodology. Rather, methodology
numbers enclosed in brackets such as the following should be in paragraph form and should be in past
examples: tense. Additional experiment details that were not
 example of a book in [1] part of laboratory manual procedures but were done
 example of a book in a series in [2] in your experiment should be included. The use of
 example of a journal article in [3] figures is encouraged. An example of this is shown
 example of a conference paper in [4] in Fig. 1.
 example of a patent in [5]
 example of a website in [6]
 example of a web page in [7]
 example of a databook as a manual in [8]
 example of a datasheet in [9]
 example of a master’s thesis in [10]
 example of a technical report in [11]
 example of a standard in [12]

Fig. 1 Example of a figure caption [11]

[outline 1 > outline 2 > outline 3]
3. Results and Discussion
 Fig. 2 Example of a figure caption of a graph
[outline 1 > outline 2 > outline 3]
The results and discussion should not only be a [outline 1 > outline 2 > outline 3]
Presenting equations. PRO-TIP: Create a 2-column table. On the
presentation of data but also an explanation of why left column, input your equation with the use of Microsoft math.
these might have been the results obtained. Sources On the right column, input the equation number. Do not paste
of error should also be included in this portion. Here, equations as pictures!
you should be able to relate your results to the theory
(presented in the introduction) with the performed G m1 m 2 (eq. 1)

experiment. There is no need to present the data

F G= 2
r
tables if they can be summarized in form of graphs or
in more condensed tables. Table 1 shows an example Make sure the equation number is centered (align centered left)
of a table in proper format.
G m1 m 2
TABLE I F G= (eq. 1)
SAMPLE TABLE FORMAT FROM IEEE FORMAT r2
Fon Font Style
t Font Regular Bold Italic
Size Adjust the spacing of the table, equation, and equation number
using the ruler of Microsoft Word until the equation in centered in
table the page. When you have multiple equations, make sure the equal
caption signs are aligned.
(in
Small G m1 m 2
reference item
8 TNR Caps),
(partial) F G= (eq. 1)
figure r2
caption,
referenc Hide the borders of the table in “borders” icon. You may select
e item “view gridlines” to see the hidden table borders. These won’t show
author email when you print your paper
abstract
address
abstract heading G m1 m 2
9 (in Courier),
body (also in F G= (eq. 1)
cell in a
table
Bold) r2
Body
Sub-
10 Body Headin 4. Conclusion
Heading
g
Author [outline 1 > outline 2 > outline 3]
11
Name The conclusion, just like the abstract, is a summary
24 Title
of your paper. You may present a run-through of
what was done in one to two sentences. The
[outline 1 > outline 2 > outline 3] following sentences should focus on the summary of
Present your data in graphs if possible. Be sure to your results. No more data tables are needed here, as
include the graph title and axes labels properly. well as graphs. State here what you can deduce from
Graphs may not be colored unless they are the experiment, i.e. what is implied by the results of
superimposed against each other. In that case, your experiment. You may also write your
colored legends must be used to identify which recommendations to improve the experiment.
quantity pertains to which graph. Figure 2 shows an
example of a graph. [outline 1 > outline 2 > outline 3]
PRO-TIP: connect the results of this paper with
Mass vs. Quantity
other studies. Is it consistent or different? What are
150 the implications of your experimental findings?
100 Implications/effects to the particular field (e.g.
Mass (kg)

molecular surface interactions for bio-adsorption

50 applications), in general (e.g. molecular surface
0 interactions), or something else entirely (e.g.
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 nanotechnology for renewable energy applications)?
Quantity (abbreviated unit) 5. Acknowledgments
 Please acknowledge funding sources (including
scholarship, collaborators or anyone who has helped
in the completion paper at the end of the text.

6. References

[1] D. C. Harris, Quantitative Chemical Analysis, 6th ed., New

York: W. H. Freeman, 2003.
[2] J. Breckling, Ed., The Analysis of Directional Time Series:
Applications to Wind Speed and Direction, ser. Lecture Notes
in Statistics. Berlin, Germany: Springer, 1989, vol. 61.
[3] S. Zhang, C. Zhu, J. K. O. Sin, and P. K. T. Mok, “A novel
ultrathin elevated channel low-temperature poly-Si TFT,”
IEEE Electron Device Lett., vol. 20, pp. 569–571, Nov. 1999.
[4] M. Wegmuller, J. P. von der Weid, P. Oberson, and N. Gisin,
“High resolution fiber distributed measurements with
coherent OFDR,” in Proc. ECOC’00, 2000, paper 11.3.4, p.
109.
[5] R. E. Sorace, V. S. Reinhardt, and S. A. Vaughn, “High-
speed digitalto-RF converter,” U.S. Patent 5 668 842, Sept.
16, 1997.
[6] (2002) The IEEE website. [Online]. Available:
http://www.ieee.org/
[7] M. Shell. (2002) IEEEtran homepage on CTAN. [Online].
Available: http://www.ctan.org/texarchive/macros/latex/cont
rib/su pported/IEEEtran/
[8] FLEXChip Signal Processor (MC68175/D), Motorola, 1996.
[9] “PDCA12-70 data sheet,” Opto Speed SA, Mezzovico,
Switzerland.
[10] A. Karnik, “Performance of TCP congestion control with rate
feedback: TCP/ABR and rate adaptive TCP/IP,” M. Eng.
thesis, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India, Jan.
1999.
[11] J. Padhye, V. Firoiu, and D. Towsley, “A stochastic model of
TCP Reno congestion avoidance and control,” Univ. of
Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, CMPSCI Tech. Rep. 99-02,
1999.
[12] Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical
Layer(PHY) Specification, IEEE Std. 802.11, 1997.